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 UNITED
STATES

 SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

 Washington,
D.C. 20549

 FORM

 (Mark
One)

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 For
the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2023

 or

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 For
the transition period from _______________ to _______________

 Commission
file number 001-40403

INC.

 (Exact
name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 Nevada

 26-4684680

 State
 or other jurisdiction of

 incorporation
 or organization

 (I.R.S.
 Employer

 Identification
 No.)

 HaPardes
134 (Meshek Sander), Neve Yarak, 4994500 Israel

 (Address
of principal executive offices)

 ( 347)
 468 9583

 Registrant's
telephone number, including area code

 Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 Title
 of each class

 Trading
 Symbol(s)

 Name
 of each exchange on which registered

 Common
 Stock, par value $0.0001 per share

 NITO

 The
 Nasdaq Capital Market LLC

 Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes No

by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes No

by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2)
has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes No

by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule
405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
 Yes No

by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting
company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer",
"smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 Large
 accelerated filer

 Accelerated
 filer

 Non-accelerated
 filer

 Smaller
 reporting company

 Emerging
 growth company

 If
an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness
of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered
public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.

 If
securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant
included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.

by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive- based compensation
received by any of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).

by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes No

 The
aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of June 30, 2023, based
on the price at which the common equity was last sold on the Nasdaq Capital Market on such date, was $ 3,625,388.

 As
of March 29, 2024, there were 2,988,617 shares of the registrant's common stock outstanding.

 DOCUMENTS
INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

 None.

 TABLE
OF CONTENTS

 FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 ITEM
 1.

 BUSINESS

 ITEM
 1A.

 RISK FACTORS

 ITEM
 1B.

 UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

 ITEM
 1C.

 CYBERSECURITY

 ITEM
 2.

 PROPERTIES

 ITEM
 3.

 LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

 ITEM
 4.

 MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.

 ITEM
 5.

 MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

 ITEM
 6.

 [RESERVED]

 ITEM
 7.

 MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 ITEM
 7A.

 QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

 ITEM
 8.

 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

 ITEM
 9.

 CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

 ITEM
 9A.

 CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 ITEM
 9B.

 OTHER INFORMATION

 Item
 9C.

 DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS

 ITEM
 10.

 DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

 ITEM
 11.

 EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

 ITEM
 12.

 SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

 ITEM
 13.

 CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

 ITEM
 14.

 PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

 ITEM
 15.

 EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

 ITEM
 16.

 FORM 10-K SUMMARY

 SIGNATURES

 Forward-Looking
Statements

 This
Annual Report on Form 10-K (the "Annual Report") includes a number of forward-looking statements that reflect management's
current views with respect to future events and financial performance. Forward-looking statements are projections in respect of future
events or our future financial performance. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as "may,"
"should," "expects," "plans," "anticipates," "believes," "estimates,"
"predicts," "potential" or "continue" or the negative of these terms or other comparable terminology.
Those statements include statements regarding the intent, belief or current expectations of our company and members of our management
team as well as the assumptions on which such statements are based. Prospective investors are cautioned that any such forward-looking
statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties, and that actual results may differ materially
from those contemplated by such forward-looking statements. Those risks and uncertainties include, among others:

 our
 customers require that our products undergo a lengthy pilot period without any assurance of sales;

 our
 history of operating losses and expectation to incur additional losses in the future;

 our
 ability to raise additional capital to meet our liquidity needs;

 because
 of our limited operating history, we may not be able to successfully operate our business or execute our business plan;

 our
 products and technology requiring additional trials, which could prolong the sales cycle;

 commercial
 success of our new generation products, as well as any future products, and the degree of market acceptance by the packing house
 community as well as by other prospect markets and industries;

 our
 ability to comply with the continued listing standards of the Nasdaq Capital Market;

 sales
 of our products;

 the
 size and growth of our product market;

 our
 ability to obtain market acceptance of our environmentally friendly solutions for fruits and vegetables;

 conditions
 in Israel, including the effect of recent attacks by Hamas and other terrorist organizations from the Gaza Strip and Israel's
 war against them, on our operations and ability to manage and market our products, among other things, the direct effects of the war on the agriculture
in Israel, which could indirectly lead to a decrease in revenues;

 our
 inability to respond effectively to technological changes in our industry, which could reduce the demand for our products;

 our
 ability or our contractors or service providers ability to comply with laws and regulations, to develop, market and sell our products
 or future products;

 our
 ability to achieve regulatory approvals and registration in the United States, Mexico, Peru, Turkey, Egypt, South Africa, Brazil,
 and Israel, which might take longer than expected;

 significant
 competition from other companies looking to develop or acquire new alternative environmentally friendly solutions for the treatment
 of fruits and vegetables, and other edible matter;

 our
 reliance on a limited number of suppliers to produce certain key components of our products;

 our
 ability to establish and maintain strategic partnerships with third parties, including for the distribution of products;

 our
 ability to establish sales, marketing and distribution capabilities or enter into successful relationships with third parties to
 perform these services;

 our
 reliance on rapidly establishing global distributorship network in order to effectively market our products;

 results
 of our early tests may not be indicative of results in future tests and we cannot assure you that any planned or future tests will
 lead to results sufficient for the necessary regulatory approvals;

 inherent
 dangers in production and transportation of hydrogen peroxide and highly concentrated organic acids could cause disruptions and could
 expose us to potentially significant losses, costs or other liabilities;

 our
 ability to attract and retain sufficient, qualified personnel;

 our
 ability to obtain or maintain patents or other appropriate protection for the intellectual property;

 our
 ability to adequately support future growth;

 potential
 product liability or intellectual property infringement claims;

 our
 business and operations may be affected by climate change conditions, which could materially harm our financial results;

 portfolio concentration;

 international expansion of our business and operations;

 information
 with respect to any other plans and strategies for our business;

 NTWO OFF's ability to evolve its' business
strategy;

 NTWO OFF may become subject to environmental related claims, which could
incur significant cost and time to comply;

 NTWO OFF's ability to obtain certain permits to operate its nitrous
oxide business; and

 NTWO OFF's ability to successfully and timely develop its products.

 These
statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors. Readers are urged to carefully
review and consider the various disclosures made by us in this Annual Report and in our other reports filed with the Securities and Exchange
Commission. We undertake no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence
of unanticipated events or changes in future operating results over time except as required by law. We believe that our assumptions are
based upon reasonable data derived from and known about our business and operations. No assurances are made that actual results of operations
or the results of our future activities will not differ materially from our assumptions.

 As
used in this Annual Report and unless otherwise indicated, the terms "N2OFF," "we," "us,"
"our," or "our company" refer to N2OFF, Inc. and Save Foods Ltd., our 98.48% owned subsidiary and NTWO OFF Ltd our 60% owned subsidiary. Unless otherwise specified, all dollar amounts are expressed in United States
dollars.

 On
March 19, 2024, we changed our name from "Save Foods, Inc." to "N2OFF, Inc." and therefore all such references
in this Annual Report have been changed to reflect our new name. Additionally, on the same date, we changed our trading symbol with Nasdaq
from "SVFD" to "NITO" in connection with the foregoing name change.

 Unless
noted otherwise, all references to the number of shares of common stock, stock option and per share information in this Annual Report
have been adjusted retroactively to reflect the 1:7 reverse stock split of our common stock that became effective on October 5, 2023.

 Part
I

 Item
1. Business

 Company
Overview

 We
are an agri-food tech company specializing in eco crop protection that helps reduce food waste and ensure food safety while reducing
the use of pesticides. We develop eco-friendly "green" solutions for the food industry. Our solutions are developed to improve
the food safety and shelf life of fresh produce. We do this by controlling human and plant pathogens, thereby reducing spoilage, and
in turn, reducing food loss.

 We
operate through our two majority-owned Israeli subsidiaries, Save Foods Ltd., which focuses on post-harvest treatments in fruit and vegetables
to control and prevent pathogen contamination, significantly reduce the use of hazardous chemicals and prolong fresh produce's
shelf life, and NTWO OFF Ltd., formerly known as Nitrousink Ltd. ("NTWO OFF"), formed in August 2023, which offers a pioneering
solution to mitigate N O (nitrous oxide) emissions, a potent greenhouse gas with 265 times the global warming impact of carbon
dioxide. Through NTWO OFF we aim to promote agricultural practices that are both environmentally friendly and economically viable and
to become a global leader in this field by collaborating with or acquiring other companies that create innovative solutions and tools
to solve other aspects of global warming's impact of carbon dioxide. In addition, we currently own approximately 23% of Plantify
Foods Inc. ("Plantify"), a Canadian-based food tech company focused on the development and production of clean-label, plant-based
food products.

 Our
solutions are based on our proprietary blend of food acids combined with certain types of oxidizing agent-based sanitizers and in some
cases with fungicides at low concentrations. Our products have a synergistic effect when combined with these oxidizing agent-based sanitizers
and fungicides. Our "green" solutions are capable of cleaning, sanitizing and controlling pathogens on fresh produce with
the goal of making them safer for human consumption and extending their shelf life by reducing their decay. One of the main advantages
of our products is that our ingredients do not leave any toxicological residues on the fresh produce we treat. By forming a temporary
protective shield around the fresh produce we treat, our solutions make it difficult for pathogens to develop and potentially provide
protection which also reduces cross-contamination.

 We
were incorporated in the State of Delaware on April 1, 2009 and, effective November 10, 2023, we merged with and into our wholly-owned
subsidiary established in the State of Nevada for the purpose of reincorporating in the State of Nevada.

 Our
principal executive offices are located at HaPardes 134 (Meshek Sander), Neve Yarak, Israel, 4994500 and our telephone number is (347)
468-9583. Our website address is www.n2off.net. The information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is
not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report and is intended for informational purposes only.

 Our
common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol "NITO".

 Industry
Overview and Market Opportunity

 NTWO
OFF Ltd.

 Background

 Nitrous
oxide (dinitrogen oxide or dinitrogen monoxide), commonly known as laughing gas, is a chemical compound, an oxide of nitrogen with the
formula N O.

 N O
emissions from all sources, including agriculture, are measured in the atmosphere. Based on an article by Jones et al. published on
Our World in Data, in November 2023, N O is a contributor to climate change and it reached historical atmospheric emissions of
2.97 billion tons in 2021, compared to 1.77 billion tons in 1970.

 N O is
265 times more harmful to the climate than carbon dioxide (CO 2) and therefore presents significant global warming
consequences as a greenhouse gas. On the one hand, on a per-molecule basis, considered over a 100-year period, nitrous oxide has 265
times the atmospheric heat-trapping ability of carbon dioxide (CO 2). However, because of its low concentration (less than 1/1,000 of
that of CO 2), its contribution to the greenhouse effect is less than one third that of CO 2, and less than water
vapor and methane. On the other hand, since about 40% of the N O entering the atmosphere is the result of human activity,
controlling N O is pivotal to the global efforts towards curbing greenhouse gas emissions.

 The
vast majority of man-made N O emissions are believed to come from agricultural soil management. According to the International
Climate Initiative- more plants will be equipped with climate change mitigation technology.

 Environmental
and anthropic factors affecting N O emission from agricultural soils are soil pH levels, application of crop residues, soil micro-organisms,
and other soil characteristics.

 Currently,
there are different approaches to reducing N O. To our knowledge, the most common solutions to mitigate emissions
are based on practices of irrigation, crop residue practices, and fertilizer adjustments. Additionally, there are other
recommended approaches by various agricultural organizations.

 A
journal article published in 2022 on PubMed, by the authors Mr. Muhammad Umair Hassan et al., concluded that a limited number of the existing
studies consider the interactions between eco-system state factors and management practices. They added that to successfully reduce
N O emissions in crop production systems, there needs to be cross scale studies to reduce the carbon footprint and maximize
monetary paybacks of cultivation efforts.

 Our
Strategy and Study Results

 In
December 2023 we announced that our majority-owned subsidiary, NTWO OFF Ltd. ("NTWO OFF"), a research and development company
using technologies developed at the Volcani Institute, under the leadership of Dr. Dror Minz, commenced a controlled trial to examine
its solution for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, with a specific focus on nitrous oxide.

 The
controlled trial is taking place under greenhouse conditions and aims to investigate several options to optimize the effectiveness of
NTWO OFF's solution in reducing the greenhouse gas N 2 O emissions during wheat growth using N O reduction bacteria.

 We
examined the possibility of mitigating N 2 O emissions by inoculating wheat roots with native root-associated N 2 O-reducing
bacteria. Dynamics of bacterial colonization of the roots from inoculated soil was monitored by real-time polymerase chain reaction. N 2 O emissions
were measured under both anoxic (nitrogen-flushed) and ambient atmosphere, to mimic a broad spectrum of soil conditions. We believe this
approach to mitigate N 2 O emission from agricultural soils may provide an additional environmental tool in the efforts to reduce
these environmentally harmful emissions.

 In the trial we successfully isolated certain bacteria from the wheat roots and studied their generic potential and activity in different
simulated environments to test capability of N O reduction in vitro. Three of these isolates- all carrying the N O reductase-encoding
clade I nosZ, demonstrated different abilities to reduce N O and efficient colonizers of wheat roots- when growing in
the root zone, possibly due to the different conditions in situ and their metabolic preferences.

 Study
results demonstrated that usage of such novel bacteria reduces emission of N O as seen in chart below.

 Source:
Dr. Mintz, Volacni Institute

 Our
aim is to establish relationships with commercial entities that could benefit from NTWO OFF's potential solution, in hopes of effectively
reducing N O greenhouse gas emissions associated with agricultural activities.

 Save
Foods Ltd. ("Save Foods Israel")

 Industry
Overview and Market Opportunity

 Background

 The
world's population is expected to grow to almost 10 billion people by 2050, boosting agricultural demand by some 50%, according
to the Food and Agriculture Organization, an agency of the United Nations ("FAO"). Providing healthy and safe food to feed
the world's population is one of the biggest challenges of the twenty first century, accentuated with the backdrop of a fragile
global economy. Globally, around one-third of the food produced (estimated at circa 1.3 billion tons), is lost or wasted along the food
chain - from production to consumption according to the FAO.

 Fruits
and vegetables are considered essential food commodities and demonstrate their best benefits when consumed fresh. Consumption as well
as production of fresh fruit and vegetables is growing globally; in 2020, the global production of fresh fruit amounted to about 887
million tons, while the production of fresh vegetable amounted to about 1.09 billion tons (2018) according to statista.com global fresh
vegetable production research. According to a report published by Technavio in October 2020, the fresh food market size has the potential
to grow by 337.76 million tons from 2020 to 2024, growing at a compound annual growth rate ("CAGR") of almost 3% during the
forecast period, and the market's growth momentum will accelerate during the forecast period due to the steady increase in year-over-year
growth. In the United States, according to a report by Grand View Research, increasing health awareness among the U.S. population and
potential development of secondary diseases due to obesity and unhealthy eating habits are propelling the market of fruit and vegetables
to reach an estimated $1.1 billion by 2025.

 Food
Safety and Food Loss

 Food
Safety

 We
believe foodborne diseases are a significant public health concern globally. Hundreds of diseases are caused by eating contaminated food.
Many diseases are spread through unwashed or untreated produce. With approximately 48 million people in the United States (one in six)
getting sick, 128,000 hospitalized, and 3,000 die each year from foodborne diseases, according to recent data published by the FDA, and
23 million in the European region getting sick due to food borne disease, food safety is another major concern and source of waste, placing
a material burden on public health and significant healthcare cost. The economic burden of foodborne illness has been estimated to be
as high as $90 billion annually.

 When
considering the farm-to-fork chain, microbial contamination of fresh produce can occur at multiple steps. Contamination can take place
during the cultivation of fresh produce, at harvest, during preparation/washing, within distribution chains and transport to shops, and
even at the final step in the consumers' kitchen. We believe this is a significant public health burden that is largely preventable.
The FSMA is transforming the United States food safety system by shifting the focus from responding to foodborne illness to preventing
it. The Produce Safety rule of the FSMA establishes, for the first time, science-based minimum standards for the safe growing, harvesting,
packing, and holding of fruits and vegetables grown for human consumption. The final rule went into effect on January 26, 2016. Sanitization
is a cornerstone of FSMA compliance, which requires preventing or eliminating food safety hazards or reducing such hazards to a minimal
level.

 Markets
require many types of produce to be washed prior to sale in order to remove dirt and other debris. Produce can be contaminated with foodborne
pathogens before it enters the packing house, and these pathogens cannot be seen with the naked eye. Inability to visually spot pathogens
make the washing step one of the most important steps in packing because, if washing process is not controlled, it can become a source
of cross-contamination (when foodborne pathogens fall off contaminated produce into the water where they can contaminate more produce).
These washing steps are defined by the packing house safety managers as critical point because water mixed with organic materials are
good conditions for pathogens to develop. Therefore, the use of sanitizers should be introduced during the washing step because they
are, most of the time, one of the last solutions applied before the produce meets the consumer. Sanitizers are designed to inactivate/kill
any bacteria in the water, drastically reducing the possibility of cross-contamination. We believe this represents a significant opportunity
for us.

 Food
Loss

 The
Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nations predicts that about one-third of the food produced globally is wasted or lost every
year. Approximately 644 million tons of fruits and vegetables are thrown away each year (representing 42% of the total food wasted every
year). A report published in April 2020, generated by the European Innovation Partnership Agricultural Productivity and Sustainability,
estimates that in Europe an estimated 9 million tons of food is lost at the production stage (farm), while up to 16.9 million tons are
lost at the processing stage (packing houses, etc.)

 Much
of this loss is caused by spoilage, which can be caused by microorganisms - primarily fungi and mold. In addition, mold and fungi represent
the highest numbers of incidents of post-harvest microbial diseases in fresh produce worldwide. Taken together, we estimate that nearly
a third of all food grown is lost between the time that it is grown and harvested and the time that it is packaged for retail sale. Such
waste equates to roughly $680 billion in industrialized countries and $310 billion in developing countries.

 Post-harvest
losses due to spoilage represent a significant problem along the supply chain and lead to profit losses in the millions. The main causes
of these losses are pest or disease infestation and incorrect storage conditions, which lead to rotting or loss of fresh mass. Fruits
and vegetables are largely damaged after harvest by fungi and other pathogens. It is estimated that an average of 45% of harvested fruit
and vegetables are lost globally. Post-harvest diseases have been identified as the greatest cause of post-harvest losses in fruits and
vegetables, causing significant economic losses. According to Mycofumigation for the Biological
Control of Post-Harvest Diseases in Fruits and Vegetables: A Review, estimates that approximately 20 to 25% of the fruit and vegetables
harvested are lost due to microbial spoilage during post-harvest handling in developed countries. Furthermore, the demand for fresh fruits
and vegetables, especially exotic tropical fruit, has contributed to the demand for post-harvest treatments to increase shelf life and
maintain quality, resulting in more efficient export trade.

 Today,
the most common way to protect fresh produce and prevent loss is the use of hazardous chemicals such as fungicides in post-harvest applications.
Post-harvest diseases are generally controlled by fungicides. Systemic (non-organic) fungicides are one of the most commonly used fungicides,
for example, non-organic citrus fruits are completely covered by the fungicides, and the residue is persistent for the life of the fruit
providing protection. However, as they tend to affect a single biochemical pathway within the pathogen, fungi may readily develop resistance
to systemic fungicides. To avoid potential issues with resistance, maximum concentration of fungicides will be generally used to ensure
highly efficient eradication of the targeted pathogen which leaves high residue level on the treated produce. Such high concentration
levels may have severe negative effects on human health, and the environment mainly due to the carcinogenic and/or teratogenic properties
of the compounds, and by their cumulative toxic effects.

 The
effects of exposure to these hazardous chemicals on humans and the environment are a continuing concern as they are intrinsically toxic
and pollute the environment through wastewater discharge from the packing house or discarded fruit. Therefore, the agricultural use of
certain pesticides (in the field or in the packing house) has been significantly reduced or abandoned in some countries leaving the growers
with significant challenges.

 To
control and monitor the potential negative impacts pesticides might have over time, regulatory agencies that regulate pesticides - for
example, the United States Environmental Protection Agency (the "EPA"), the Pest Management Authority Agency in Canada, and
the European Food Safety Authority ("EFSA") in Europe, have defined a maximum residue level (the "MRL") that
can be present on the treated produce. Additionally, more countries require an MRL for the commodity to be imported into their country.
As there is increased awareness regarding compliance with MRLs, MRLs have become a much greater concern. These changes also impacted
the market and we believe that consumers spearheaded this change by demanding organic or pesticide-free foods. Recently, consumers have
increasingly wanted to understand where and how their food is grown. Retailers and processors have capitalized on what they view as an
opportunity to offer more information to consumers. It is more common now for retailers and processors to ask which products have been
used on the commodities they are purchasing. There are also retailers and processors banning the use of certain products, requiring any
residues to be below the established MRLs. The reduction in MRLs results in lower efficacy of fungicide and increased loss.

 We
believe that the rising demand for healthy food among the global population will trigger the market's growth in the forthcoming
years. Over the last decade, the organic market in Europe continued to grow and reached 40.7 billion in 2018 with 15.6 million
hectares (approximately 38,548,439 acres) (including 2.2 million hectares in Spain, the largest organic area in Europe, followed by 2.0
million hectares in France and 2.0 million hectares in Italy), providing farmers with further added value on their production. The strong
growth rates in both production and consumption indicate that the organic market has not yet reached its peak and further growth can
still be expected. Organic farming is already responding to further emerging consumer trends such as veganism and demand for locally
produced food products, turning these challenges into opportunities.

 As
consumer demand for organic fruits and vegetables is increasing globally and there is an increasing promotion by government organizations
for the adoption of environmentally friendly pesticides, the biorational pesticides market is expected to be approximately $10.4 billion
by 2028 growing at a compound annual growth rate ("CAGR") of 12.5% during the forecast period 2022-2028. A biorational pesticide
is a term used to define any pesticide material that causes relatively no harm to humans or animals and does little or no damage to the
environment. We believe that our products could be defined as biorational products.

 The
global organic food market grew from $259.06 billion in 2022 to $294.54 billion in 2023 at a CAGR of 13.7%. According to the 2023 Organic
Food Global Market Report, the organic food market is expected to grow from $512.01 billion in 2027 at a CAGR of 14.8% In addition, strict
regulations have been imposed on the usage of pesticides and GMO-produced crops worldwide. This, in turn, has influenced consumer demand
for organic fruits and vegetables.

 Case
Study - Citrus Fruit

 Citrus
fruit represent one of the main fruits produced worldwide with more than 100 million tons produced worldwide, can be infected
by many fungal pathogens, and these pathogens can cause considerable losses during storage and transportation. Losses are mainly caused
by Penicillium digitatum, P. italicum, Aspergillus flavus and Alternaria alternata for citrus fruit. Post-harvest treatments such as
thiabendazole, imazalil, sodium ortho-phenil phenate or other active ingredients have been used for many years. They are currently the
most commonly used fungicides effective for controlling post-harvest fungal pathogens in citrus and they are used in citrus packing houses
to maintain fresh fruit, control post-harvest decay, and extend fruit shelf life. However, significant problems such as environmental
issues and health concerns have risen in the citrus industry due to chemical residues or the occurrence of pathogenic resistant strains
which require the use of even higher concentration of these post-harvest treatments. However, currently, the residues of imazalil on
citrus fruits are being revised by the European Commission. The EFSA put forward a proposal in 2018 to cut the MRL for imazalil from
5 milligrams per kilogram to 0.01 milligrams per kilogram, causing worry among Europe's main citrus producing countries and packers
exporting their produce to European countries. Due to the significant impact this proposal could have on the citrus industry, the European
Council has decided, in the meantime, to start reducing imazalil residues to four milligrams per kilogram for citrus fruit for a limited
period of time to allow the citrus industry an extra time to find green and safe alternatives. Our solutions have already shown their benefits
in reducing significantly the residues of imazalil while maintaining the produce shelf life.

Market Drivers and Trends

 In
addition to food safety and food waste concerns, the following market drivers are also shaping the food industry by setting standards
and conditions on the main actors in the industry:

 Focus
 of consumers on health characteristics: consumers are more aware and conscious of the health characteristics of the food
 they consume. Consumers pay more attention to the qualities of the fresh produce they buy. Particularly in the United States and
 Europe, products such as berries, avocados, mangoes, pomegranates, papayas and sweet potatoes are gaining popularity and considered
 "super foods," and these products are showing a strong annual import growth of 10% to 20% according to Inspirafarms,
 a designer and developer of cooling technology, including for fresh fruit and vegetables.

 Increasing
 demand for organic produce: the demand for organic products is growing rapidly, particularly in both Europe and North America
 and is closely related to consumer interest in healthy and pure eating. While the increasing demand created potential for oversees
 supply, it can be challenging and expansive for exporters in tropical climates to comply with the increasingly demanding organic
 standards.

 Success
 of retailers determined by quality of produce: a recent report by Fruit Logistica published in 2019, based on consumer surveys
 that involved almost 7,000 consumers in 14 different markets across Europe and North America, demonstrated the increased importance
 of fresh produce for the profitability of food retailers. According to the report, when choosing the place to buy their groceries,
 consumers focus on the quality of the stores' fresh food, with freshness of fruits and vegetables being their top priority.
 The report also showed that customers who are satisfied with the store's fresh food quality would visit the store more frequently
 than those who are not. In addition, consumers are also willing to pay more for better-quality produce and their basked will be 4%
 larger.

 Promoting
 sustainability: a large range of sustainability aspects are directly related and affected by the fresh produce industry. We
 believe food waste accounts for 8% of global greenhouse gas emissions. Both consumers and businesses are becoming more aware of the
 growing importance of sustainability issues. As consumers increasingly embrace social causes, they seek products and brands that
 align with their values. According to a recent analysis published by Research Insights, nearly 6 in 10 consumers surveyed are
 willing to change their shopping habits to reduce environmental impact, nearly 8 in 10 respondents indicated sustainability is
 important for them, and among those respondents that indicated that sustainability is very or extremely important, over 70%
 indicated that they would pay a premium of 35%, on average, for brands that are sustainable and environmentally responsible. An
 increasing number of companies in the fresh food sector are investing in sustainability. A survey conducted by Champions 12.3 in
 2017 showed that 99% of businesses that invested in reduction of food loss and waste, received a net positive financial return.
 Primary production companies are investing in aspects of food losses, energy efficiency and carbon footprint, through innovations
 such as drying produce, on-farm and off-grid cold rooms and post-harvest treatments.

 Food
 retailers seek to reduce their waste and maximize their revenues: according to ReFED, a not-for-profit organization concerned
 with food loss and waste, in its report "Retail Food Waste Action Guide" more than eight million tons of food are wasted
 every year in the United States in the retail sector alone, which translates into $18 billion in lost value (cost of waste) every
 year. Some retailers, including Walmart, have already committed to implement a zero-waste policy by 2025. Prevention solutions across
 the retail value chain offer the highest returns to retailers and are growing the fastest.

 Regulators
 are promoting the use of safer chemical-based product: for example, the EPA offers a "Safer Choice" label that
 product manufacturers may use on qualifying products to help consumers and commercial buyers identify products with safer chemical
 ingredients. The EPA requires that every chemical, regardless of percentage, in a Safer Choice-certified product is evaluated and
 allows only the safest ingredients.

 Decreasing
 investment in foodtech and agritech companies: according to a recent report published by AgFunder, a venture capital
 firm active in the foodtech and agritech, startups developing agri-food tech solutions and products, raised approximately $15.6 billion
 into agrifood technologies in 2023; a 49% decrease compared to approximately $30.5 billion in 2022. We believe that reduction of
 food waste, extension of the shelf life of fresh produce and reduction of the use of pesticides are still the main focus of the industry
 and many companies are addressing these objectives, including:

 The
 increased consumption of fruits and vegetables in combination with the current regulation and consumers' demand for healthier
 food has placed a greater burden on the fresh produce industry to provide food products that are fresher in quality, demonstrate
 an extended shelf life and are safer to consume.

 The
 aforementioned changes provide a unique opportunity for us to introduce our products and solutions. We are aiming to become a significant
 player in post-harvest green produce treatment, fully responsive to the world's ongoing change in fruit and vegetables consumption,
 food safety requirements as well as regulations and consumer demand to eliminate the use of hazardous chemicals.

 Our
Core Products and Solutions

 Our
innovative products address what we believe to be two of the most significant challenges in the food industry: food safety promotion
and food loss reduction. Our main product lines consist of a proprietary blend of organic food acids applied in pre- and post-harvest
applications, which is designed to work together with an oxidizing agent (together, the Save Foods solution) in order to improve food
safety and increase fruit and vegetable' shelf life by reducing microbial spoilage.

 In
pre-harvest application, our solutions could be applied several times up to 24 hours prior to the harvest. In post-harvest applications,
the main steps are cleaning, sanitization and coating (wax). Our solutions address the cleaning and sanitization application points which
are the critical first steps for preserving the quality of fresh produce by controlling microbial contamination related to food safety
(e.g., Listeria, Salmonella, E. coli) and food loss due to microbial spoilage (e.g., fungi, mold and yeast). In general, the current
process includes an initial washing step to remove soil and other debris, which improves the product appearance and lowers the product
temperature. The next step includes sanitation or disinfection methods combined with fungicides that can further reduce the presence
and prevent the transfer of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms on fresh produce surfaces. The last step usually includes application
of wax sometimes combined with an additional application of fungicides to prevent or reduce physiological changes and risks of spoilage.
Our main products and solutions are applied at the cleaning and sanitization steps.

 One
of the main advantages of our solutions is its non-toxic residues that provides protection to the treated produce. And we believe that
all the blend ingredients are recognized by the FDA as GRAS when used as intended in fruit and
vegetable wash applications. Moreover, they significantly reduce or eliminate the need for additional post-harvest applications
with conventional fungicide by at least 50%, and in some cases entirely, and can reduce food waste due to spoilage by up to 50% (see
results below on easy peelers and mango) at the retail level.

 Our
main products are SavePROTECT or PeroStar, which are an application added to fruit and vegetable wash water as a processing aid
to peracetic acid (oxidizing agent) to increase its efficiency against plant pathogens and reduce produce loss.

 Processing
Aids - SavePROTECT or PeroStar

 Processing
aids are products that are intended to be used with other products to aid the application or enhance the effect of that product. Save
Foods processing aids, which are marketed as SavePROTECT in the Americas and PeroStar in the rest of the world, are based on our proprietary
blend of food acids and are added to the wash water at the cleaning and sanitization stages simultaneously with a low concentration of
peracetic acid ("PAA"), the active agent. This food acid blend serves several functions:

 SavePROTECT/PeroStar
 keeps the process wash waters at a relatively low stable pH level. We have observed that low pH levels strengthen the effectiveness
 of the PAA and the fungicide used which result in increased sanitation and biocide activity;

 PAA-based
 products are used as disinfectant in wash water. When used with PAA-based products, SavePROTECT/PeroStar may optimize the efficacy
 of PAA and eliminates the strong odor of PAA, creating a more friendly and safe working environment;

 When
 used with fungicides, including imidazole, imazalil, thiabendazole, etc. - most commonly used fungicides - SavePROTECT/PeroStar may
 optimize the efficacy of the fungicides used and prevent resistance buildup;

 SavePROTECT/PeroStar
 helps to clean the fruit surface and can improve the performance of the wax applied leading to an improved appearance of treated
 fruit by leaving a glossy finish on the outer skin of the fruit; and

 SavePROTECT/PeroStar
 helps to extend shelf life.

 As
of December 31, 2023, we fully commercialized our solution with respect to easy peelers, lime, bell peppers, dates, pears and avocado
in Israel, Mexico and the US, and we have run small trials in collaboration with commercial partners on lime, avocado and mango in countries
that are facing export challenges to Europe. To maximize our efforts, we have decided to focus during 2024 on countries like Peru and
Brazil which are large producers and exporters of fruit to Europe.

on Berries

 Berries
are easily perishable and maintaining fresh quality after harvest depends on proper handling, transportation, and storage. If berries
are not properly handled during and after the harvest, they lose nutritional and monetary value.

 Strawberries,
raspberries, black raspberries, blackberries, and blueberries are picked fully ripe for best appearance and eating quality. Because they
are so delicate and easily damaged, they are usually picked directly into final containers to minimize handling, so grading and sorting
of damaged or decaying fruit happens as the crop is picked. Even when they are handled under optimal harvesting temperature and humidity
conditions, their shelf life is still short compared to most fruits and vegetables. Finally, even though it is common knowledge that
consumers should be washing the berries before consuming them, this does not always happen. That makes farm food safety procedures crucial
to minimize the risk of spreading foodborne pathogens.

the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2021, and the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2022, we began working with raspberries and strawberries
producers to apply our solutions with the goal to extend their shelf life. The results of the trials have shown that for raspberries,
our solutions have reclaimed 80% of the raspberries that would otherwise have gone to waste. The trial pushed the boundaries of the raspberries'
shelf life, with 10 days in cold storage and three more days at room temperature, after which three times as many berries were viable
to be sold. For strawberries, our treatments have shown a waste reduction of 85% after 15 days.

 In
addition, after successful pilots on raspberries and strawberries, we decided to conduct a pilot on blueberries in February 2022. In
most cases, there are no known treatments for disinfection or post-harvest pathogen prevention in blueberries. The experiment simulated
long shipment of blueberries in cold storage for one month. The results demonstrated that our solution protected blueberries from pathogens'
contamination and, subsequently, extended their shelf life by seven days.

2023, further pilots were limited due to extreme weather conditions in Peru and local challenges in South Africa. We expect to run the
pilots initially planned for 2023 in Peru during the third quarter of 2024.

on Avocado

September 2021, we began a commercial pilot with Milopri, the avocado packer of Galilee Export, to evaluate Save Foods' solution
on avocados. While our application was applied on the packing line, boxes of avocado were put aside for shelf-life evaluation. After
16 days at room temperature, the avocado treated with our solution showed the lowest percentage of decay resulting in two times more
avocado available for consumption.

this successful commercial pilot, Milopri fully adopted and implemented our solutions in August 2022.

on Bell-peppers

 The
Arava region in southern Israel produces approximately 60% of all the fresh vegetables that Israel exports, and bell peppers are its
leading exported vegetable. At the beginning of the bell pepper season (September 2021), we began commercial pilots in two large packing
houses in order to evaluate the benefits of our solution as applied to bell peppers. During September 2022, after successfully evaluating
our solutions, these two large packing houses began using our solutions as their commercial treatment.

 Our
solutions have shown a decay reduction compared to the current industry standards and have maintained the firmness of the bell pepper
over time. While Israeli packers in the region are struggling to maintain a reasonable shelf life for their produce during the export
process, our solutions have shown a significant improvement in export performance. The foregoing pilot demonstrated that bell peppers,
after applying our solution, sustained 70% less decay after 28 days (23 days in cold storage and an additional five days at room temperature)
translating into 20% more bell peppers to sell and consume. The post-harvest team at the Central-and Northern-Arava Research and Development
center validated these results and the results were thereafter published in an Israeli local professional agriculture journal.

on Easy Peelers

 Easy
peelers are citrus fruits that are easier to peel, such as tangerines, mandarins, satsumas, and clementines. As previously described,
imazalil is currently one of the most commonly used fungicides that is effective in controlling post-harvest fungal pathogens in citrus.
Currently, the residues of imazalil on citrus fruit are being revised by the European Commission and have already been reduced, and this
reduction poses challenges, especially to packing houses exporting to Europe.

 Between
February and June 2020, we collaborated with the Israeli branch of one of the largest worldwide post-harvest service companies to demonstrate
the safety and ability of PeroStar to meet the new requirement of reduced residue level of imazalil and efficiently control decay against
the most common pathogens attacking citrus fruit such as green mold (Penecillium digitatum) and sour rot (Geotrichum candidum). The experiment
simulated the applications in a packing house which tested the use of imazalil with and without our products. The reference used in the
trials to compare the results was the maximum amount of imazalil allowed and the current treatment in the packing house which is a combination
of PAA and imazalil as well as PAA alone to simulate treatment in organic settings.

 To
ensure the efficacy of the products, it is customary to deliberately infect the fruit with the target pathogen at a concentration of
around 10 and to inoculate it for 16 to 24 hours before applying the solution. Following the application, the fruit was stored in cold
storage for between 9 to 21 days and then stored in room temperature for shelf-life evaluation.

these months, we ran a series of trials from small scale/lab test (between 350 to 500 fruits per trial) to semi-commercial application
(more than 1000 fruits per trial). The semi-commercial pilots were run in Ashkelon, Israel on the packing line of Mehadrin in Israel,
a well-know and recognized citrus packer. From January 2022 until January 2023, Mehadrin was applying our solutions on produce in one
of its packing-lines in Ashkelon, Israel, in which Mehadrin had reported a reduction of 50% of pesticide usage. Due to technical reasons,
our commercial implementation with Mehadrin recently transitioned to a packing-line in Netanya, Israel, for additional pilots. These
pilots are expected to continue during the 2023-2024 season. The citrus season that began at the end of October was impacted by the war
between Israel and Hamas, which in turn limited our ability to conduct pilots at packinghouses in Israel during that season.

 The
results of the trials have shown that PeroStar significantly reduced the need for additional post-harvest applications with imazalil
by at least 50%, and in some cases entirely while improving the fruit shelf life, reducing waste). In addition, the use of PeroStar allows
the packing house to meet the new limitations of imazalil utilization as well as meet its goal to apply greener and safer products.

on Mangos

 We
recently tested our PeroStar on mangos in collaboration with the Israeli-based Volcani Center for Agricultural Research. The goal of
the test was to evaluate the effectiveness of PeroStar in preventing decay in harvested mangos in comparison with fludioxonil. Fludioxonil
is a fungicide that is commercially available in Israel at a level of 250 to 300 parts per million. Fludioxonil is deemed to be an effective
fungicide against fungi that attack the mango post-harvest, yet there is a growing need for "greener" solutions, given Fludioxonil's
level of toxicity.

 Mangos
were stored for three weeks after treatment at 12 C and an additional week of shelf life at 20 C in what would typically simulate
a mango crate shipment to Europe and retailers in similarly distanced markets.

after evaluation have shown us that the treatment with PeroStar, improved the biocide activity of the PAA, which resulted in a reduction
in both side decay and stem-end rot (common pathogens in mango) leading to an extended shelf life with no use of fungicide (as demonstrated
in the picture below). In addition, the results also showed that the combination of PeroStar with a low concentration of fludioxonil
reduced the post-harvest decay to zero. The results (as presented in the graph below) demonstrate that applying PeroStar enables mango
producers to achieve an improved shelf life of produce compared to the current solution while reducing the use of conventional chemical
pesticides.

2022, an independent study, performed by Itay Noked, agronomist and independent researcher (M.Sc. Post-Harvest), showed that our solution
can extend the shelf life and freshness of mangos while virtually eliminating the use of post-harvest pesticides; after 21 days in storage
and 15 days on the shelf, twice as many mangos were still edible when compared to mangos that didn't undergo treatment, and 75%
less pesticides were used.

these pilots, a small commercial application was performed with an Israeli mango packer, in which only 25% fungicide were used together
with our solution and compared to the current commercial application with 100% fungicide. Following such application, both batches of
fruits were sent to a leading fresh produce distributor in Europe, and both were successfully distributed, demonstrating that our solutions
help reduce up to 75% of the applied fungicide Following these results, a larger commercial application was performed during August 2023
to evaluate our solution on mango at the end of the season.

on Limes

a successful pilot in Mexico on Persian lime (where SavePROTECT has reduced to zero the fruit decay after 21 days as shown in the graph
below), the packing house bought its first batch to start its utilization of our product. Thereafter, and beginning in June 2021, the
packing house began applying our solution to all of its packing facilities in Mexico.

 Based
on these results, food retailers may benefit from additional income of up to $126 per ton of limes assuming a conservative average price
of $3,000 per ton (based on an average price per pound lime of $1.49 in 2019), as presented in
the graph below.

 The
European Union is a significant target market for our organic food acid blends because of strict regulations that are being imposed on
the use of pesticides and GMO-produced crops, as well as health conscious consumers who represent a growing demand for organic fruits
and vegetables. In August 2020, we submitted a regulatory dossier for our PeroStar as a processing aid to be used with PAA in Spain and
Italy, two of the largest fruit and vegetables producers in Europe.

 Commercialization
Stage

 The
table below summarizes our commercialization efforts and activities as of December 31, 2023.

 Easy
 peeler

 Lime

 Avocado

 Bell
 pepper

 Lemon

 Dates

 Pears

 California,
 USA

 v

 v

 v

 v

 v

 v

 v

 Mexico

 v

 Turkey

 v

 v

 Sanitizer
– SF3HS or SF3H

 Post-harvest
sanitizers are considered a pesticide and regulated by the EPA in the United States. The EPA will review toxicity data and results from
tests to show how well the product kills bacteria to determine if the product should be approved. See " Government Regulation
and Product Approval" below.

 This
sub-category of products is based on our proprietary blend of food acids combined with hydrogen peroxide as the oxidizer and includes
SF3HS and SF3H. We believe that this category of products will be an improved sanitizer as compared to traditional sanitizers. SF3HS
and SF3H are public health antimicrobial pesticide products that bear a claim to control by at least a 3 log10 reduction (99.9%) pest
microorganisms that pose a threat to human health (foodborne pathogens), and whose presence cannot readily be observed by the consumer.

 After
we have finalized our toxicological studies, we conducted a series of microbial trials in laboratories in both the United States and
Israel in non-Good Laboratory Practice settings in order to evaluate the efficacy of SF3H as an antimicrobial agent to reduce foodborne
pathogenic bacteria in "processing water" for fruit and vegetables. We used a modification of the Association of Official
Agricultural Chemists Germicidal and Detergent Sanitizing Action of Disinfectants method and test protocol EN1276 (European standard
for the evaluation of chemical disinfectant or antiseptic for bactericidal activity). The tested organisms are Listeria monocytogenes,
Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli O157:H7.

 The
last test was performed by Analytical Lab Group on a mix culture of Listeria monocytogenes with an exposure time of 30 seconds. The results
showed more than 99.99999% (>7.51 Log10) reduction. In Israel, the tests were performed by the Institute for Food Microbiology and
Consumer Good Health on a single strain for each pathogen (Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium and E. coli) with exposure
time of 30 seconds and the results have shown between 99.99% to 99.9999% reduction. Exposure time is a key parameter in sanitization
process, therefore allowing a short contact time is a significant advantage over the competition where the current minimum contact time
available is 45 seconds.

2020 we decided to postpone our good laboratory practices efficacy studies in order to concentrate our efforts on the commercialization
of our adjuvant, SavePROTECT/ PeroStar solutions.

on Avocados (food safety)

 We
have tested the efficacy of our SF3H and SF3HS products against Listeria on 40 avocados of which 10 avocados were treated with our SF3H
and SF3HS products. The peel of the avocado was punctured and infected with high level of Listeria. The results have shown a 99.99% reduction
within fifteen seconds of exposure time. In addition, we have also tested the efficacy of SF3H on avocado's shelf life compared
to current treatments (12 avocados per treatment). The results (demonstrated below) show that after 18 days in room temperature the treated
avocados display material reduction in microbial spoilage as compared to avocados treated with water and chlorine, a well-known sanitizer.

on Microgreens (food safety)

 An
increasing number of studies point to the growing demand for locally sourced, organic vegetables. Various types of "young vegetables,"
such as sprouts, microgreens and baby greens, are becoming increasingly popular due to their high nutritional value. Microgreens are
deemed premium products and command higher retail value. They also belong to a group of "functional foods" and have high
levels of bioactive compounds, while requiring less water and energy to grow, which they do year-round. Currently, microgreens are largely
being cultivated in major greenhouses across the United States. According to Agrilyst, an agro-intelligence platform, greenhouse cultivation
of microgreens was the highest in South and Northeast regions, each accounting for 71% and 59% in 2017. While consumers in the United
States are more focused on growing leafy greens and microgreens than any other vegetables.

 We
have tested the efficacy of our SF3H products to control and prevent potential pathogen contamination on microherbs (pea and sorrel)
produced by Israeli-based microgreens exporter 2BFresh. Our treatment combined a post-harvest spray application and a fogging treatment
to be used in the cooldown storage room. In order to determine the efficacy of the product, 25 swabs were taken across 18 trays (nine
of each microgreen species). The results showed more than 90% reduction of the total bacterial load post-treatment.

 We
believe that our SF3HS and SF3H provide improved sanitization of bacteria (including E. coli, Salmonella and Listeria) while leaving
no toxic residues on fruits and vegetables.

 Other
Products

 Our
product portfolio also includes the SpuDefender and FreshProtect.

 SpuDefender

 SpuDefender
is one of our EPA-registered products which targets and is designed to control the post-harvest potato sprouts. Due to the European Commission's
decision on January 1, 2020, to no longer allow the use of the herbicide chlorpropham (the "CIPC"), the post-harvest potato
industry is looking for new solutions. For over 50 years, CIPC was widely used as a sprout suppressing agrochemical agent applied to
potatoes that were stored in processing facilities.

recent discussions with post-harvest experts and potential customers, we believe we should concentrate our efforts on the
commercialization of our adjuvants. Furthermore, we believe that our SpuDefender product may offer a successful alternative to CIPC.
We currently do not intend to further develop or incorporate the SpuDefender in the near future in our
solutions.

 FreshProtect

 FreshProtect
is our second EPA registered product, which targets and is designed to control spoilage-creating microorganisms on post-harvest citrus
fruit. The registered label of the product only allows us to market and sell FreshProtect in the United States (excluding California).
However, we believe that FreshProtect has a significant potential in reducing the bacterial load entering the packing house in the pre-harvest
market. The non-toxicity of FreshProtect allows its application up to the day of harvest (0-day pre-harvest interval), which is critical
to prolong crop protection and reduce microbial spoilage.

 In
2022, we ran a proof-of-concept study under a controlled group environment of different plant fungi responsible for decay which showed
promising initial results.

 Dr.
Jim Adaskaveg, a professor at the Microbiology and Plant Pathology Department at the University of California, Riverside, reported
the completion of several successful field trials with FreshProtect on citrus trees where he demonstrated a significant reduction of
decay in treated fruit and a reduction in bacterial populations.

 The
main conclusions of the trials were that FreshProtect with concentration of 1% and 2% applied at 400 gallons per acre materially reduced
sour-rot on inoculated fruit. While both rates were also effective against fruit inoculated with P. digitatum, (i.e., fungus found
in the soil of citrus-producing areas and major source of post-harvest decay), the 2% concentration of FreshProtect demonstrated significantly
more efficacy at reducing sour-rot. Natural incidence of Penicillium spp. (a family of fungi) was also reduced on fruit inoculated
with G. candidum, fungus that is a member of the human microbiome.

FreshProtect can be used in combination with several different kinds of pesticides and fertilizers which allows the application of more
than one pesticide at once. This in turn reduces costs and facilitates implementation.

 The
regulation for pre-harvest (in the field) application especially in California as well as in Israel may take more time than post-harvest
application due the potential impact on the environment. We submitted the pre-harvest regulatory dossier on January 2023 in the US. In
parallel, we started to run additional pilots in Israel with potential strategic partners in order for them to evaluate and validate
the potential of FreshProtect for the pre-harvest market. We currently expect the registration of the product in the U.S. by the end
of 2024. Once registered at the EPA level, we would be able to start the registration in California.

 Our
Strengths

 We
believe that our main strengths include:

 Strong
 Management Team with Commitment to Green Products. Led by an experienced team in developing products and solutions for the
 agriculture industry, we plan on becoming a significant player in providing consumers with healthy and green fresh produce from farm
 to fork while endeavoring to ensure food safety and reducing food waste. We believe that our proprietary blend of food acids provides
 protection to the treated produce and works in synergy with well-known fungicides and sanitizers. This synergy allows us to significantly
 reduce the concentration of the fungicides that are heavily regulated in several countries and, in certain countries, outright banned
 and meet the food trends of sustainable and green produce.

 Multi-Purpose
Products that Simplify Crop Treatment Routine and Save Money. While most chemicals marketed in the industry address either
food safety or food waste, our multi-purpose solutions are intended to provide a solution for both problems, while simplifying crop treatment
and achieving cost saving. Our solutions are capable of cleaning and controlling pathogens that would otherwise render fresh produce
unsafe for human consumption. Our proprietary blend of food acids combined with well-known sanitizers are very efficient against foodborne
pathogens like E. coli, Salmonella and Listeria as well as plant pathogens in short contact time (99.999% reduction within 30 seconds
of contact). In addition, with multipurpose products, there is no need to order, ship or dispose of bottles of product, resulting in
less energy consumed, less CO 2, less fuel, and less waste. We believe our focus on natural product chemistries will allow
us to continually drive lower costs, higher product gross margins and efficacy through longer shelf life and reduction of food waste.

 Strong
 Intellectual Property Portfolio. We believe that we have built a strong intellectual property position throughout the food
 chain (from field to fork) as our patents claim compositions and methods that can be used to protect food and agricultural products
 from decay. We rely on a combination of important intellectual property assets, to protect our innovation. Our employees, consultants,
 customers, and vendors are subject to confidentiality agreements that protect our proprietary manufacturing processes. Our patent
 portfolio includes granted patents in the United States, Europe, and Israel, as well as several priority applications, across several
 patent families, including composition-of-matter claims, methods of use claims, including for treating edible matter, for improving
 the appearance of edible plant matter, and sterilization methods, as well as for articles for implementing these methods. These patents
 directly protect a proprietary method for extending life shelf and reducing edible matter from microbial decay.

 Commercially
 Available Products and Seamless Implementation. One of the oxidizers being used with our products is PAA, a well-known and
 widely used sanitizer. Following the enforcement of the FSMA in connection with the use of sanitizers, more and more packers have
 been choosing this healthy and eco-friendly sanitizer over chlorine, and this choice facilitates implementation of our products.
 In addition, the application of our products does not require special equipment as they are used in combination with or replace existing
 products applied on the packing line or in the mix tank in the field. This allows a relatively cheap, seamless and fast implementation.

 Significant
 Reduction of Hazardous Chemicals Food Residue. All the ingredients in our blend of food acids are recognized by the
 FDA as GRAS when used as intended in fruit and vegetable wash applications, while oxidizers we use such as hydrogen peroxide rapidly
 decompose into water and oxygen. The absence of toxicological residues not only improves food quality but also promotes occupational
 safety for the employees of packing houses, contributing to a friendlier and safer working environment.

 Our
Strategy

 In
September 2018, we changed our organizational structure and management team. After reviewing the then existing strategy and results of
operation, as well as examining the market opportunities, the new management team decided to update our strategy, reduce the marketing
and sales of its existing products, and focus our efforts and financial resources in developing its next generation products. During
2019 and 2020, we developed, validated and tested the efficacy of our next generation product - a blend of food acids - on a variety
of crops in small- and large- scale commercial pilots. During 2021, following the completion of certain successful pilots conducted in
2020, we shifted our strategic focus to marketing, sales and overall commercialization of its products.

 Over
the course of the last two years, we understood that working with global post-harvest service companies is challenging, especially when
considering that our solutions reduce or replace their lucrative products (fungicides) on the packing line. Furthermore, we concluded
that the validation of our solutions by these post-harvest service companies is long and required multiple pilots over several years.
In addition, following the positive results on berries, and taking into account the short shelf life and the lack of existing solutions,
we decided to focus our efforts on developing such solutions since a shorter shelf life may reduce our sale cycle and, accordingly, present
greater market opportunity.

 Therefore,
we have revised our strategy, to commercialize our products directly to leading packing houses and through strategic partnerships with
post-harvest service companies that work with local partners and/or distributors and focus more on produce that is significantly improved
by our solutions while shortening the evaluation period. Our ultimate goal is to eventually gain presence in a variety of businesses
compromising the food industry, including pre-harvest, post-harvest, retail and consumer businesses.

 In
order to achieve our goals, we intend to:

 Develop
 a Strong Marketing Message Around Promoting Safe Food While Avoiding Food Waste. We plan to brand our fresh produce with
 a "chemical residues free" seal of approval and we believe that like-minded fruit packers around the globe will seek
 to differentiate themselves from their competitors by obtaining this seal.

 Expand
 Our Activities to Include Focus on Various Berries. The berry market is virtually untapped and consists of very sensitive
 produce with limited shelf-life that stand to benefit from our solutions. Berries can be harvested several times throughout the course
 of the year and are considered to be a high value crop.

 Acquire
 or License Complementary Products and Technologies. We actively search for products and technologies that can enhance our
 portfolio and grow our business to address all the post-harvest treatments such as fruit coating products or technologies.

 Expand
 to Additional Produce and Geographies. Our plan is to focus first on key countries and regions with the largest markets for
 our crops, including Mexico, Israel, Turkey, Egypt, key markets in the United States such as California and Brazil. In
 the future, we are also planning to increase the variety of crops that can be treated with our products, to include produce such
 as apples, tomatoes, pomegranate, eggplant, broccoli, and papayas.

 Focus
 on Exportation to Europe. We plan to increase our focus on exports to Europe, from countries such as Peru and Brazil, as
 European Union regulations permit a limited use of fungicides. When taking into account these regulations, which are becoming increasingly
 difficult, and the long transportation time, there is a significant increase in the risk of produce decay.

 Leverage
 Our Products Through Collaborations. Our focus and expertise in the development of green products for the agritech industry
 and in post-harvest treatments allow us to be a partner of choice for other businesses looking for development partners and for larger
 companies wanting to leverage their product such as PAA into new combination products. For example, companies selling or owning fungicides,
 the MRL of which is being reduced, and that are working in synergy with our products are good partners. This type of collaboration
 could allow them to continue selling their product.

and Marketing

 Although
since 2022, we ran over fifty successful pilots with potential commercial partners, we discovered that the sale cycle is significantly
longer than we had anticipated and noted it would take, on average, at least two seasons for our new solutions to be fully implemented.

 Therefore,
during 2023, we optimized our marketing and sales strategy. We now concentrate our efforts first on high value crops, such as
avocado, mango, citrus, pears, various berries, dates and bell peppers, while targeting larger producing countries in both the
northern and southern hemispheres to overcome the seasonal effect. In the last 12 months, we conducted pilots in South and Central
America, the United States, South Africa, Turkey, and Israel, and we are exploring collaboration opportunities in Morocco, yet due
to regulatory challenges in Morocco, as of the date of this report, we have not run any pilots. In
addition, to shorten the length of our pilots, we now aim to target fresh produce with a comparatively shorter shelf life, including
various berries. Over the next 12 months, we intend to focus mainly on following up with the pilots performed during the last 18
months in Peru, Brazil, the United States and Israel and convert them into full commercial applications. To facilitate our market
penetration, we are collaborating with local agents and experts in various jurisdictions, each of which has connections with packers
and retailers on the ground, which helps us bridge the language and cultural gaps.

 The
table below summarizes the market opportunities for selected produce in our target markets.

 Apples & Pears

 Avocado

 Bananas

 Berries

 Bell pepper

 Citrus

 Lettuce & chicory

 Mango

 Papaya

 Tomatoes

 Global Production of the Crop (in million ton) 1

 109.2

 6.8

 115.9

 10.1

 35.3

 63.5

 27.0

 52.5

 13.4

 181.1

 Production of the Crop in the Company's Target Markets (in million ton) 2

 19.4

 3.9

 17.6

 4.2

 9.6

 19.0

 7.5

 7.7

 1.7

 51.4

 Production of the Crop in the Company's Target Markets (in %)

 %

 %

 %

 %

 %

 %

 %

 %

 %

 %

 1.

 Average
 global production for the years 2018, 2019, 2020 and 2021.

 2.

 Our
 general target markets include Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Egypt, Israel, Italy, Mexico, Morocco, Peru, Philippines, South Africa, Spain,
 Thailand, Turkey and the United States.

 Turkey

 While
Turkey is not a member of the EU, the EU estimates that more than 42 percent of all Turkish exports go to EU member states, which will
soon be bound by stricter rules about the origin of their imports. Turkey's Ministry of Trade estimated that in 2020 the total
value of Turkish exports to the EU exceeded 120 billion.

 Since
August 2021, we have been working with a local post-harvest agent to introduce us to local Turkish packers. Our current focus in Turkey
is the citrus sector, and as of December 2021, we had three pilots ongoing with leading packers in Turkey. Following these pilots, Kalyoncu
began implementing our solution in their citrus line next to Mersin.

 Unfortunately,
the war in Ukraine as well as the earthquake that hit Turkey during February 2023, had a negative impact on the citrus packers we
worked with for the 2022-2023 season, in turn this diminished our collaborations. Following the commencement of the war between Israel and Hamas,
the collaboration with local packers in Turkey was further disrupted, and
currently we halted all collaborations with such packers.

 Mexico

 In
an effort to promote our activities in Mexico, we collaborated with Agrinet S. A., an agritech consultancy firm with expertise in introducing
new products into Mexico. Agrinet initiated a pilot program across Mexico to demonstrate the benefits of Save Foods solution. The program
included several packing house companies in Mexico that export mainly to the United States. After successful pilots, our relationship
with the Mexican packers came to a halt as most of them are exporting to the United States and thus, did not find a benefit in increasing
their produces' shelf-life.

 Therefore,
during 2023 we concentrated our efforts on strawberries, which have a very short shelf life and are of high value. Even after we ran
several pilots with a local strawberry grower, results were not deemed conclusive. We were looking for new packers but as a result of
Israel's war with Hamas, we have put on hold this activity.

the demand from its clients to use a specific type of coating, SiCar has stopped using Save Foods' solutions on their Persian limes
since April 2023, to avoid potential compatibility issues and to reduce packing costs.

 From
January 2022 until January 2023, Mehadrin was applying our solutions on produce in one of its packing-lines in Ashkelon, Israel, in
which Mehadrin reported a reduction of 50% of pesticide usage. Due to technical reasons, in November 2022, our commercial
implementation with Mehadrin transitioned to a packing-line in Netanya, Israel, for additional pilots. These pilots were expected to
continue during the 2023-2024 season, however due to the war between Israel and Hamas, which led to reduced production, Mehadrin is
currently not conducting any pilots.

 Over
the course of 2022, we ran additional pilots with large packing houses in Israel on pears, berries, pomegranate and tomatoes. Following
several successful pilots on pears, a leading Israeli pear packing company started mid-2023 to use our solution as their commercial applications
for two of their pear's variety. Following the successful season, the packing houses are considering applying Save Foods'
solution to all their pears by the end of the first half of 2024.

 The
first market we target for the sale and distribution of SavePROTECT is the post-harvest citrus industry in the
State of California, which according to the 2022 USDA report on citrus fruit accounts for 62% of total United States citrus production.

 Over
the last three years, we have treated more than 200,000 tons of citrus fruit with different version of our SavePROTECT product. Under
the supervision of a world leading packing house to the citrus fruit industry, we evidenced our solutions' utility as having a
good safety profile, ensuring food safety and controlling microbial spoilage. We plan to leverage this collaboration in order to further
penetrate the citrus based fruit packing industry, both in California and beyond.

 The
post-harvest treatment market for fruits and vegetables, which, according to a post-harvest treatment market analysis by Reports and Data,
is projected to grow from $1.5 billion in 2019 to $2.3 billion by 2026, growing at a CAGR of 6.5% during the forecast period, is led
globally by select companies, including DECCO U.S. Post-Harvest, Inc., (United States), Pace International, (United States), Xeda International
(France), John Bean Technologies (United States) and Agrofresh (United States).

 Brazil

 Brazil
ranks third globally in fruit production and exported more than 1 million tons of fruit during 2023 According to an article
published on Fresh Plaza, a global trade media platform, in 2021 the European Union and the United Kingdom accounted for more than 60% of
Brazil's fruit export destinations. The main fruits exported from Brazil to Europe and the UK during 2023 included table
grapes, limes, avocados, litchis, bananas, melons, and papayas. These fruits represent a significant portion of Brazil's fruit
exports, with about 75% of exported fruit from Brazil exported to the European and UK markets.

 In
2022, we began to evaluate the opportunity of the Brazilian market and the regulatory landscape in collaboration with Endeavour Biologicos,
a Brazilian agri-biotech company focused on biological crop protection, and Oxytrade Com rcio, a Brazilian trading company with
expertise in import/export. By the end of the second quarter of 2023, we received the approval from Endeavour Biologicos for the distribution of our products and they
 confirmed the market opportunity for our solutions.

 After
meeting potential packers, we currently plan to implement several pilots during the first half of 2024 on lime and mango.

 Peru

 According to statistics from Peru's Ministry of Agricultural Development
and Irrigation, Peruvian agricultural exports reached a record of $7.56 billion in 2022. In 2022, Peru's blueberry exports reached
a record $1.36 billion, Peru's avocado exports reached $895 million and Peru's grape exports reaching a record high of $1.46
billion, followed by citrus and mango.

 We
have conducted pilots since 2022 in Peru, mainly on avocado, with a large multinational packer of avocado. Following these
successful pilots, such packer started a small-scale commercial pilot with our solution on avocado during the first half of
2024 with the goal of advancing to full commercial application for 2025.

 Spain

a collaboration with one of the world's leading post-harvest treatment service vendors in Spain during 2020, in which we examined
our product on citrus fruit, we began the registration process of our product, PeroStar. Upon further consideration, we decided to withdraw our efforts to enter
the Spanish market, and instead focus on countries that export to Europe.

 Intellectual
Property

 We
rely on patents and trade secret protection laws to protect our proprietary products and intellectual property. We entered into confidentiality
agreements with our employees, consultants, customers, service providers and vendors that include our technology and proprietary manufacturing
processes.

 As
of March 29, 2024, Save Foods Ltd. owned twelve issued patents. These patents were granted in Israel, the United States, South
Africa, and Europe and expire between 2031 and 2041. In addition, ten patent applications are pending.

 Compositions
and Methods of Treating Edible Matter and Substrates Therefor

 This
patent family includes patents in the United States, Israel, and an allowed application in Europe and relate to a method for protecting
edible matter from decay by applying to the edible matter a disinfecting composition containing, among other things, (1) phosphonic or
phosphoric acid, (2) a carboxylic acid, (3) performic acid, (4) a performic acid source (such as formic acid) and an oxidizer (such as
hydrogen peroxide).

 File

 Type

 Date

 SVF-P-001-DE

 Germany

 DE
 602011071750.2

 SVF-P-001-ES

 Spain

 11825901.9

 SVF-P-001-FR

 France

 11825901.9

 SVF-P-001-GB

 Britain

 11825901.9

 SVF-P-001-IL

 225247

 SVF-P-001-IL1

 254909

 SVF-P-001-US1

 10,212,956

 SVF-P-001-US2

 11,632,971

 SVF-P-001-US3

 18/082,810

 A
claim was filed against the registration of our Patent No. 11825901.9, which is scheduled for a court hearing in November 2024. For additional
information, see " Legal Proceedings ".

 Methods
for Improving the Appearance of Edible Plant Matter

 This
patent family includes a patent in Israel and relates to a method of improving the appearance of edible plant matter either during the
pre-harvest or post-harvest stage. The method includes applying a composition based on phosphonic acid to the edible plant matter.

 File

 Type

 Date

 SVF-P-002-IL

 229724

 May
 30, 2011

 Method
and Apparatus for Maintaining Fresh Produce in a Transportation Container

 This
patent family includes patents in Israel and the United States and relate to a method for maintaining fresh produce stored in a transportation
container. The apparatus is configured to generate an aerosol of one or more liquid pesticides, thereby reducing pathogenic contamination
within the transportation container. This patent family covers any liquid pesticide for use in the above-mentioned apparatus.

 File

 Type

 Date

 SVF-P-003-IL

 227328

 June
 23, 2013

 SVF-P-003-US

 9,487,350

 June
 23, 2013

 Sterilization
Compositions and Methods for Use Thereof

 This
patent is related to compositions and methods for reducing pathogen load within a container or on a surface, including the surface of
an edible plant matter, and for disinfection of cooling systems.

 File

 Type

 Date

 SVF-P-004-USP

 63/605,514

 3, 2023

 Sterilization
Devices and Methods for Use Thereof

 This
patent is related to a device for controlling pathogen load within a container or on a surface by spraying a disinfecting composition
in response to a trigger, such as increased pathogenic contamination.

 File

 Type

 Date

 SVF-P-005-USP

 63/605,516

 3, 2023

 Sterilization
Compositions and Methods for Use Thereof

 This
patent is related to kits and methods for controlling pathogen load within or on the surface of an edible plant matter.

 File

 Type

 Date

 SVF-P-006-EP

 Europe

 21763868.3

 March

 SVF-P-006-MX

 Mexico

 MX/a/2022/010828

 March

 SVF-P-006-PE

 Peru

 001876-2022/DIN

 March

 SVF-P-006-US

 17/908,624

 March

 SVF-P-006-ZA

 South
 Africa

 2022/09840

 March

 Combined
Fungicidal Preparations and Methods for Use Thereof

 This
patent is related to compositions and to methods for reducing pathogen load on a substrate.

 File

 Type

 Date

 SVF-P-007-EP

 Europe

 21829736.4

 June
 23, 2020

 SVF-P-007-CA

 Canada

 3,184,215

 June
 23, 2020

 SVF-P-007-US

 18/012,486

 June
 23, 2020

 We
cannot be sure that any patent will be granted with respect to any of our pending patent applications or with respect to any patent applications
filed by us in the future. There is also a significant risk that any issued patents will have substantially narrower claims than those
that are currently sought.

 Competition

 Given
that the market for the use of green and "residue free" solutions is evolving, we are continually facing growing competition.
The market for post-harvest solutions is fragmented and includes various regional suppliers. The market for post-harvest treatments for
fruits and vegetables is dominated by five large players with wide reach across the globe. We believe that a market edge will be given
to a company that can solidify its reputation, product quality, customer service and customer intimacy, product innovation, technical
service and value creation. Based on these variables, we believe that we compete favorably when compared with the global competition
in this market.

 Currently,
our main competitors are companies providing PAA, chlorine and other sanitization solutions, such as ozone, as well as technology companies
developing new biorational fungicides.

 We
also compete with heavily diversified multi-national chemical conglomerates, which produce various biocide formulations designed to kill
or deactivate pathogenic micro-organisms. Of these, two companies are the most significant:

 Evonik
 Active Oxygens, LLC: A subsidiary of Evonik Industries, AG (Germany). It is a significant worldwide producer of hydrogen peroxide,
 persulfates and PAA. These products are part of the "Smart Materials" division of Evonik which generated 4.8 billion
 Euro in sales in 2022; and

 Solvay
 S.A. (Belgium): Similar to Evonik Industries, Solvay is a heavily diversified multinational chemical conglomerate. During the
 fiscal year 2022, Solvay had approximately 13.4 billion in net sales, spread across the breadth of their product lines. Most
 relevant to us is their blends of PAA and hydrogen peroxide, sold in two primary formulations - OXYSTRONG for water treatment and
 PROXITANE for the food industry.

 In
addition, we have several indirect competitors, which are companies with whom we seek to form strategic partnerships - large companies
specializing in post-harvest solutions for the agricultural industry. This has been more difficult than initially anticipated due to
our solutions reducing these companies' revenues from certain fungicides used on produce. Such companies include:

 Decco
 US Post-Harvest: Decco is a subsidiary of Decco Worldwide, which itself is a division of United Phosphorous Ltd. Decco provides
 a variety of solutions, both mechanical and chemical, for the post-harvest industry. They produce conventional fungicides (imazalil,
 thiabendizole, etc.), as well as produce coatings; and

 Pace
 International: Pace International is a subsidiary of the Sumitomo Chemical Company. Similar to Decco, it provides a variety of
 solutions - primarily in the realm of conventional fungicides and carnauba wax coatings for fruit.

 We
also consider Citrosol, Xeda International, JBT and Agrofresh as our indirect competitors (and current or potential collaborators).

 We
believe that the organic market offers a huge trade and income potential for producers, processors and trading companies globally and
that the rising demand of various organic products has driven the demand of organic post-harvest treatments. Green and organic technologies
are increasingly being developed in a global market and several conventional post-harvest product and equipment suppliers, such as Citrosol,
Fomesa, Decco and JBT, have taken the opportunity and are starting to develop natural products.

 Government
Regulation and Product Approval

 Our
products are subject to national, state and local government regulations. Based on the product claims and classification, different regulatory
and registration requirements may apply at the state, provincial or federal level.

 Regulation
of Our Processing Aid - SavePROTECT or PeroStar

 In
the United States, our SavePROTECT product does not make any pesticidal claims and is not intended for use as a pesticide and, therefore,
is not subject to the registration requirements of FIFRA. However, since the product is used on raw agricultural commodities in food
processing facilities, the product is subject to regulation under the FFDCA. We believe that the product is in compliance with the FFDCA
since every ingredient in the product can be considered GRAS when used as intended and the product does not have pesticidal activity
per se.

 Although
SavePROTECT is not a pesticide under FIFRA, it is still required to be registered in California because the California statute requires
the registration of both pesticide and adjuvant products.

 On
July 31, 2020, we submitted an "Application for Registration of Adjuvant" for SavePROTECT to the California Department of
Pesticide Regulation (the "CDPR"). The dossier submitted included the following studies: (i) acute oral toxicity and acute
dermal toxicity studies, (ii) physico-chemical property testing (determination of color, physical state, odor, density, pH, viscosity
and oxidation/reduction chemical incompatibility), (iii) validation of the high-performance liquid chromatography method assay, (iv)
stability test, and (iv) efficacy data.

 Based
on the intended use and claims for SavePROTECT, our product was registered with CDPR on October 27, 2021 as an adjuvant.

 In
addition, based on the opinion of our U.S. regulatory experts, all SavePROTECT ingredients are GRAS when used as intended and the product
does not have pesticidal activity.

 In
December 2021, we submitted an application for certification for our SavePROTECT to the Organic Materials Review Institute ("OMRI"),
an international nonprofit organization that determines which input products are allowed for use in organic production and processing.
OMRI Listed products are allowed for use in certified organic operations under the United States Department of Agriculture ("USDA")
National Organic Program. OMRI reviews input products to verify that they meet the organic standards for use on organic farms or in organic
processing. OMRI is recognized by the USDA National Organic Program as a reputable third-party input reviewer in Interim Instruction
3012 of the USDA's NOP Handbook. In addition, OMRI is accredited under the International Organization for Standardization ISO 17065
by the USDA Quality Assessment Division.

 In
June 2022, our SavePROTECT Organic was listed by OMRI allowing us to address the certified organic industry as well.

 In
Europe, processing aids are defined as substances that are added to exert a technological function during food processing and which may
end up in the finished product. According to Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008, processing aids means any substance which (i) is not consumed
as food by itself; (ii) is intentionally used in the processing of raw materials, foods or their ingredients, to fulfil a certain technological
purpose during treatment or processing; and (iii) may result in the unintentional but technically unavoidable presence in the final product
as residues of the substance or its derivatives, provided they do not present any health risk and do not have any technological effect
on the final product.

 Processing
aids are differentiated from food additives, which are substances that are added to food with the intention to exert a technological
function within the final food product. Therefore, processing aids are not required to follow the EFSA guideline of "Data Requirements
for the Evaluation of Food Additive Applications."

 In
Europe, our PeroStar is not considered a processing aid in the enzymatic preparation category and, therefore, PeroStar is only regulated
at the national level. While there are no harmonized requirements regarding the registration of a processing aids, some data (such as
full composition and some toxicological data) must be disclosed and discussed with the competent authorities before the submission of
a registration request.

 In
Spain, the guidelines for precise documentation for evaluation of technological adjuvants intended to be used in human food, state specific
conditions for the assessment, authorization and use of all other types of processing aids, which are not processing aids in the enzymatic
preparation category. During the third quarter of 2020, we submitted a regulatory dossier as a processing aid for PeroStar in Spain and
Italy with very similar information as the regulatory dossier submitted in California. In December 2022, our European regulatory consultant
informed us that we satisfied the safety requirement and that no further registration is required at this time.

 In
Mexico, based on the product composition and the legal status of the substances to be used as food additives, our PeroStar/SavePROTECT
can be marketed and used in Mexico as a food additive (processing aid) and no registration is required.

 In
Israel, the guidelines of the National Food Services, Ministry of Health, define the requirements for cleaning and disinfectant agents
used with food. These guidelines state that such cleaning and disinfectant agents applied to the cleaning equipment which comes into
direct contact with food, must not contain carcinogens. Specifically, List A and List B published by the Inter-ministerial Committee
on Carcinogens, Mutagens and Teratogens of the Ministry of Health identify products and ingredients with carcinogenic, mutagenic and
teratogenic properties. Our regulatory consultant in Israel has confirmed that our PeroStar does not contain carcinogens, mutagens and/or
teratogens, and, therefore, is considered approved in terms of the relevant regulations of the National Food Services, Ministry of Health,
and can be used as an additive to cleaning and disinfectant agents for fresh produce.

 On
January 22, 2022, we received an approval from Peru's Ministry of Agricultural Development and Irrigation to sell our products
in Peru.

 Based
on the intended use and claims for FieldPROTECT, our product for pre-harvest was registered with CDPR on October 23, 2023 as an adjuvant
FieldPROTECT is a product similar to SavePROTECT however it is used for pre-harvest applications.

 On
February 5, 2024, we received the confirmation from our partners in Brazil, that Save Foods products are cleared and could be commercialized
in Brazil without any further regulatory approvals.

 Registration
of Our SpuDefender and FrehProtect

 We
currently have registrations for our SpuDefender (EPA Reg. No. 86381-1) and our FreshProtect (EPA Reg. No. 86381-2), at both the federal
level and in the individual states where the products are sold for the use in post-harvest settings. To allow the utilization of our
FreshProtect in pre-harvest settings, we submitted to the EPA an updated product label in January 2023.

 Regulation
of Our Sanitizers - SF3H and SF3HS

 In
the United States, the primary federal laws that regulate the sale and distribution of our sanitizer products are the Federal Insecticide,
Fungicide and Rodenticide Act ("FIFRA") and the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act ("FFDCA").

 FIFRA
is the federal law that regulates the sale and distribution of pesticides and is administered by the EPA. Products that claim or are
otherwise intended to control microorganisms on inanimate surfaces, in water and on raw agricultural commodities are regulated, under
FIFRA, as pesticides. FIFRA generally requires the pre-market registration of pesticide products. To register a pesticide product, we
are required to provide test data and related information to demonstrate that the product is safe and effective under the conditions
of use, as specified on the product label. The cost and timeframe to achieve EPA product registration depends on the type of product
and the claims made for the product. Registered products are also subject to a number of recordkeeping and reporting obligations which
require constant product oversight by companies.

to FIFRA and Section 408 of the FFDCA, the EPA establishes tolerances for pesticide chemical residues that could remain in or on food,
including raw agricultural commodities. A tolerance is the EPA established maximum residue level of a specific pesticide chemical that
is permitted in or on a human or animal food in the United States. Generally, any pesticide chemical residue must have either a tolerance
or an exemption from the requirement to have a tolerance in order to be permitted in or on human or animal food. The FDA enforces the
tolerances pursuant to its authority under the FFDCA.

 The
FFDCA regulates the sale and distribution of drugs, medical devices, cosmetics and foods (including substances added to and found in
food such as pesticide residues) and is administered by the FDA. Under the FFDCA, the FDA does not register or approve products that
are used on food commodities and certain food-contact surfaces, such as food packaging. However, all substances that are used on food
or food-contact surfaces need to be subject to an FDA regulation or permitted through other clearance mechanisms, such as a Food-Contact
Notification, Threshold of Regulation opinion, by Prior Sanction or be "Generally Recognized as Safe" or "GRAS".
If all the substances or ingredients in a particular product are cleared for use on food or food-contact surfaces or are GRAS then a
company can market a product without obtaining any additional clearances. GRAS substances do not require pre-market approval or clearance
by the FDA although the FDA does have a notification process for GRAS substances.

 At
the federal level, antimicrobial agents are subject to regulation by the FDA and/or EPA, either singly or jointly, depending upon the
intended use of the product. Antimicrobial products applied to processed food are solely regulated by the FDA per longstanding FDA and
EPA policy outlined in an EPA Notice titled "Legal and Policy Interpretation of the Jurisdiction Under the Federal Food, Drug,
and Cosmetic Act of the Food and Drug Administration and the Environmental Protection Agency Over the Use of Certain Antimicrobial Substances"
(63 Fed. Reg. 54,532 at 54,536 & 54,541 (Oct. 9, 1998)) and EPA's Pesticide Registration Manual, Chapter 18. Antimicrobial
products applied to raw agricultural commodities (e.g. fruits and vegetables) are jointly regulated by the EPA and the FDA if their application
takes place in a food-processing facility. If the antimicrobial product is applied to a raw agricultural commodity in a treatment facility
that solely washes and packs food commodities, and the treatment does not change the status of the food as a raw agricultural commodity,
then the EPA has sole federal regulatory jurisdiction.

 Since
our sanitizers will be and are intended to be used solely to treat raw agricultural commodities in post-harvest washing and packing facilities,
at the federal level they are regulated solely by the EPA (as opposed to FDA): product registration is required under FIFRA and any food
residues are regulated under the FFDCA. To complete the registration process, we will be required to submit a number of studies in the
form of a registration application or dossier, which has not yet been submitted to EPA. These studies will specifically include: (i)
safety studies - six acute toxicity studies (already finalized), (ii) physio-chemical properties testing (already finalized), (iii) one-year
storage stability and corrosion (ongoing), and (iv) an efficacy study to demonstrate that the product is an effective sanitizer (studies
conducted under non-good laboratory practices already performed and they show the product meets EPA performance standards). We have already
identified and engaged with a third-party company in the United States to perform our good laboratory practices efficacy studies.

 In
addition, every state has its own laws that regulate pesticides and these laws require registration of pesticide products at the state
level. Accordingly, products must also be registered in the states in which they are distributed prior to any sale.

 Employees

 As
of March 29, 2024, we (together with our wholly owned subsidiary, Save Foods Ltd.) have two full-time employees and one part-time
employee. Our executive officers, David Palach and Lital Barda, are responsible for the day-to-day operations of our company.

 Company
Information

 Our
principal executive offices are located at HaPardes 134 (Meshek Sander), Neve Yarak, Israel, and our telephone number is (347) 468-9583.
Our website address is www.n2off.net. Any information contained on, or that can be accessed through, our website is not incorporated
by reference into, nor is it in any way a part of, this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 Company
History

 We
were incorporated under the name Pimi Agro Cleantech, Inc. on April 1, 2009, under the laws of the State of Delaware. On April 11, 2016,
we changed our name from Pimi Agro Cleantech, Inc. to Save Foods, Inc. Our subsidiary, Save Foods Ltd., was incorporated on January 14,
2004, under the name Pimi Marion Holdings Ltd., to exploit the knowledge, intellectual property and business assets of Nir Ecology Ltd.,
a company founded in September 1989, focused on developing sanitizing solutions for the water and food industry. During the initial years
of its activity and until 2009, Pimi Marion Holdings Ltd. focused on the development of new products and applications within the potato-growing
industry. On October 5, 2008, Pimi Marion Holdings Ltd. changed its name to Pimi Agro Cleantech Ltd. In September 2018, we changed our
organizational structure and leadership team to support our new strategy and objectives. The goal of the organizational change was to
drive us towards regulatory approvals for our new generation of products. Our revamped strategy was developed following research we conducted
on the applicable and potential commercial markets for our products. The results of this research demonstrated a clear and significant
market for our new products to be deployed as sanitizers for the agricultural and food tech industries. On May 2, 2019, Pimi Agro Cleantech
Ltd. changed its name to Save Foods Ltd. Effective November 10, 2023, we merged with and into its wholly-owned subsidiary established
in the State of Nevada for the purpose of reincorporating in the State of Nevada. On February 8, 2024, our stockholders approved the
change of our name from Save Foods, Inc. to N2OFF, Inc., and our symbol to NITO. The name and symbol change became effective on March
19, 2024.

 item
1a. risk factors

 Summary
Risk Factors

 Our
business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, any one of which could have a materially adverse effect on our results of operations,
financial condition or business. These risks include, but are not limited to, those listed below. This list is not complete, and should
be read together with the section titled " Detailed Risk Factors " below:

 We have a history of operating losses and expect to incur additional losses in the future.

 We may need to raise significant additional capital, which we may be unable to obtain.

 of our limited operating history, we may not be able to successfully operate our business or execute our business plan.

 We
 may not be able to successfully operate our business or execute our business plan.

 Our
 customers require that our products undergo a lengthy pilot period without any assurance of sales.

 Our
 products and technology require additional trials, which could prolong the sales cycle.

 The
 commercial success of our new generation products, as well as any future products, depends upon the degree of market acceptance by
 the packing house community as well as by other prospect markets and industries.

 Conditions in Israel, including the effect of recent attacks by Hamas and
other terrorist organizations from the Gaza Strip and Israel's war against them, on our operations and ability to manage and market
our products, among other things, the direct effects of the war on the agriculture in Israel, which could indirectly lead to a decrease
in revenues.

 We
 may face significant competition from other companies looking to develop or acquire new alternative environmentally friendly solutions
 for the treatment of fruits and vegetables, and other edible matter.

 Our
 success is dependent upon the acceptance of our environmentally friendly solutions for fruits and vegetables.

 We
 may be unable to respond effectively to technological changes in our industry, which could reduce the demand for our products.

 We
 currently rely on a limited number of suppliers to produce certain key components of our products.

 If
 we are unable to establish sales, marketing and distribution capabilities or enter into successful relationships with third parties
 to perform these services, we may not be successful in commercializing our products.

 We
 rely on rapidly establishing global distributorship network in order to effectively market our products.

 The
 results of our early tests may not be indicative of results in future tests and we cannot assure you that any planned or future tests
 will lead to results sufficient for the necessary regulatory approvals.

 Our
 products are highly regulated by governmental agencies in the countries where we conduct business and into which we plan to expand.

 Our
 success is dependent upon our ability to achieve regulatory approvals and registration in the United States, Mexico, Israel, Brazil,
 Turkey, Egypt, Peru, and South Africa, which might take longer than expected.

 The
 inherent dangers in production and transportation of hydrogen peroxide and highly concentrated organic acids could cause disruptions
 and could expose us to potentially significant losses, costs or other liabilities.

 Our
 business and operations may be affected by unexpected events, including climate change conditions, which could materially harm our
 financial results.

 Increased
 attention to environmental, social, and governance matters and conservation measures may adversely impact our business or that of
 our manufacturers.

 Conditions
 in the global economy, including inflation and recessionary pressures, may adversely affect our business, financial condition and
 results of operation.

 Our
 relationship with our employees could deteriorate, and certain key employees could leave, which could adversely affect our business
 and results of operations.

 We
 are subject to risks relating to portfolio concentration.

 Our
 operating results may fluctuate, which makes our results difficult to predict and could cause our results to fall short of expectations.

 International
 expansion of our business exposes us to business, regulatory, political, operational, financial and economic risks associated with
 doing business outside of the United States, Mexico or Israel.

 Our
 business depends to some extent on international transactions.

 If
 we are unable to secure and maintain patent or other intellectual property protection for the intellectual property used in our products,
 our ability to compete will be harmed.

 If
 we are unable to prevent unauthorized use or disclosure of our proprietary trade secrets and unprotected know-how, our ability to
 compete will be harmed.

 We
 could become subject to patent and other intellectual property litigation that could be costly, result in the diversion of management's
 attention, require us to pay damages and force us to discontinue selling our products.

 We
 may be subject to claims challenging the inventorship or ownership of our patents and other intellectual property.

 We
 may experience claims that our products infringe the intellectual property rights of others, which may cause us to incur unexpected
 costs or prevent us from selling our products or services.

 If
 we or our contractors or service providers fail to comply with laws and regulations, we or they could be subject to regulatory actions,
 which could affect our ability to develop, market and sell our products or future products that we may develop and may harm our reputation
 in our industry.

 Regulatory
 reforms may adversely affect our ability to sell our products profitably.

 We
 may not satisfy Nasdaq's requirements for continued listing. If we cannot satisfy these requirements, Nasdaq could delist our
 securities.

 The
 market price of our common stock may be highly volatile.

 Sales
 of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market by our existing stockholders could cause our share price
 to fall.

 Nevada
 law and provisions in our articles of incorporation and bylaws could make a merger, tender offer or proxy contest difficult, thereby
 depressing the market price of our common stock.

 We
 may be subject to securities litigation, which is expensive and could divert management attention.

 If
 securities or industry analysts do not publish or cease publishing research or reports about us, our business or our market, or if
 they adversely change their recommendations or publish negative reports regarding our business or our common stock, our stock price
 and trading volume could decline.

 We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

 We
 may need additional capital, and the sale of additional shares or equity or debt securities could result in additional dilution to
 our stockholders.

 Disruptions
 to our information technology systems due to cyber-attacks or our failure to upgrade and adjust our information technology systems,
 may materially impair our operations, hinder our growth and materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.

 Failure
 to comply with anti-bribery, anti-corruption and anti-money laundering laws could subject us to penalties and other adverse consequences.

 We
 incur additional increased costs as a result of the listing of our common stock for trading on Nasdaq, and our management is required
 to devote substantial time to new compliance initiatives and reporting requirements.

 We
 face risks related to compliance with corporate governance laws and financial reporting standards.

 The
 ongoing conflict in Ukraine may result in market volatility that could adversely affect our business.

 If
 we fail to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, we may be unable to report our financial results
 accurately or meet our reporting obligations.

 We
 may not be able to enforce covenants not-to-compete under current Israeli law that might result in added competition for our products.

 FINRA
 sales practice requirements may limit a stockholder's ability to buy and sell our common stock.

 It
 is not possible to predict the actual number of shares we will sell under our agreement with the Investor, or the actual gross proceeds
 resulting from those sales.

 Investors
 who buy shares at different times will likely pay different prices.

 We
 completed a reverse stock split on October 5, 2023, in an effort to regain compliance with Nasdaq listing rules and we cannot predict
 the effect that such reverse stock split will have on the market price of our common stock.

 Political,
 economic and military instability in Israel may impede our ability to operate and harm our financial results.

 It
 may be difficult to acquire jurisdiction and enforce liabilities against our officers and directors who are based in Israel.

 Risks
Related to Our Financial Condition and Capital Requirements

 We
have a history of operating losses and expect to incur additional losses in the future.

 We
have sustained losses in recent years, which as of December 31, 2023, accumulated to $29,360,235. We are likely to continue to incur significant
net losses for at least the next several years as we continue to pursue our strategy, which is currently focused on converting pilots
into paying customers, following lengthy sale cycles of at least two seasons. Our losses have had, and will continue to have, an adverse
effect on our stockholders' equity and working capital. Any failure to achieve and maintain profitability would continue to have
an adverse effect on our stockholders' equity and working capital and could result in a decline in our share price or cause us
to cease operations. As discussed in Note 1 to the financial statements, as a result of these factors, there is substantial doubt about
our ability to continue as a going concern.

 We
may need to raise significant additional capital, which we may be unable to obtain.

 Our
capital requirements in connection with our research and development activities and transition to commercial operations have been significant.
We will require additional funds to continue running pilots and testing our technologies and products, to obtain intellectual property
protection relating to our technologies, and to market our products. There can be no assurance that financing will be available in amounts
or on terms acceptable to us, if at all. If we are not able to procure adequate additional financing, we may not be able to fully implement
our growth plans and we will be required to cease operations until such additional capital is raised. Any additional financings that
we may require in the future will dilute the percentage ownership interests of our stockholders and may adversely affect our earnings
and net book value per share.

 Risks
Related to Our Business, Industry and Business Operations

of our limited operating history, we may not be able to successfully operate our business or execute our business plan.

 In
September 2018, we changed our organizational structure and management team. After reviewing our company then existing strategy and results
of operation, as well as examining market opportunities, the new management team decided to update our strategy, reduce the marketing
and sales of its existing products, and focus our efforts and financial resources on developing its next generation of products. From
2019 to 2020, we developed, validated and tested the efficacy of our next generation product - a blend of food acids - on a variety of
crops in both small- and large-scale commercial pilots. In 2021, we commenced commercialization in various jurisdictions, while continuing
to conduct commercial pilots. In 2022, we extended our commercial pilots in additional locations in the Northern and Southern hemispheres
to address the seasonal effect.

 Given
our limited operating history, it is hard to evaluate our proposed business and prospects. Our proposed business operations will be subject
to numerous risks, uncertainties, expenses and difficulties associated with early-stage enterprises. Such risks include, but are not
limited to, the following:

 the
 absence of a lengthy operating history, in connection with implementation of effective logistics for the export of our product globally;

 insufficient
 capital to fully realize our operating plan;

 expected
 continual losses for the foreseeable future;

 operating
 in multiple currencies;

 our
 ability to anticipate and adapt to a developing market(s);

 acceptance
 of our products by pre- and post-harvest industry players and consumers;

 limited
 marketing experience;

 a
 competitive environment characterized by well-established and well-capitalized competitors;

 the
 ability to identify, attract and retain qualified personnel; and

 operating
 in an environment that is highly regulated.

we are subject to these risks, evaluating our business may be difficult, our business strategy may be unsuccessful and we may be unable
to address such risks in a cost-effective manner, if at all. If we are unable to successfully address these risks our business could
be harmed.

 Our
customers require that our products undergo a lengthy testing period without any assurance of sales.

 Our
prospective customers generally test and evaluate our solutions before applying them to their commercial product lines or integrating
them into their facilities. This testing period takes at least two seasons and could be longer or subject to delays. Even after our solutions
are approved by the customers, due to seasonal effects, it could take several months before they begin purchasing our solutions, if at
all. Nothing guarantees that following such pilots, the targeted packing house will choose to use our solutions on its products or continue
the process further and complete the sale cycle. The combination of the longer sales cycle and the unique nature of our solutions that
could have different results following seasonal changes could have an impact on our profitability and business. As a result, we could
have limited revenues, or no revenues, from prospective customers, even after we have invested significant amounts of time in the pilot
phase and sales of our solutions, which in turn could adversely affect our business and financial results.

 Our
products and technology require additional trials.

 The
efficacy of our products has only been shown in the limited number of pathogens tested on certain produce and climates, and therefore
our products have yet to be proven against certain additional pathogens, produce and market climates to validate the efficacy and benefits
of our products. These trials are lengthy and prolong our sale cycle by at least two seasons, and
no assurance can be made that such packing facilities will chose to implement our solutions in their facilities.

 The
commercial success of our new generation products, as well as any future products, depend upon the degree of market acceptance by the
packing house community as well as by other prospect markets and industries.

 To
achieve high volume sales and attain a leading market share and become the new standard of treatment, our products must not only be approved
by the regulators, but also endorsed by the major packing houses and service providers, retailers of fruits and vegetables as well as
environmental organizations. Our success depends on our ability to create significant value to the growers, the packing houses and the
food retailers. We are aware of this key factor and are focusing on conducting large scale pilots with major fruits and vegetables packers
and retail suppliers of fresh consumed goods in several countries to show the efficacy of the products and our technology, and to receive
the recognition of packers and retailers. However, there can be no assurances that we will succeed in such an endeavor, nor is it clear
how long it will take until we receive market recognition.

 There
can be no assurance that any product that we bring to the market will gain market acceptance by prospective customers. The commercial
success of our new generation products and any future product depends in part on the packing house community as well as other industries
for various use cases, depending on the acceptance by such industries of our technology as a useful and cost-effective solution compared
to current solutions. If our new generation products or any future product do not achieve an adequate level of acceptance, we may not
generate significant product revenue and may not become profitable. The degree of market acceptance of our products will depend on a
number of factors, including:

 the
 results of our large-scale pilots;

 the
 cost, safety, efficacy, and convenience of our new generation products;

 the
 acceptance of our products as a superior solution in the fresh produce industry;

 the
 ability of third parties to enter into relationships with us without violating their existing agreements;

 the
 effectiveness of our selling and marketing efforts;

 the
 strength of marketing and distribution support for, and timing of market introduction of, competing products; and

 publicity
 concerning our products or competing products.

 Our
efforts to penetrate the packing house industry and educate the marketplace on the benefits of our products may require significant resources
and may never be successful.

 We
may face significant competition from other companies looking to develop or acquire new alternative environmentally friendly solutions
for the treatment of fruits and vegetables, and other edible matter.

 We
expect to face significant competition in every aspect of our business, and particularly from other companies that seek to enter our
focal market. As regulators continue to move away from current residue chemical solutions, such as chlorpropham or CIPC, existing suppliers
of these solutions are continually looking to develop or acquire new alternative environment-friendly solutions that can sustain their
market share and revenue streams, or to enable the continuance of CIPC at current levels in new ways of treatment. Additionally, as market
opportunity becomes eminent, competitors and new players will most likely attempt to develop similar or comparable solutions. It is possible
that superior or more cost-effective alternative technology will emerge that will achieve greater market acceptance and render our products
less competitive. Furthermore, existing vendors can cooperate to combat new players by reducing market prices and margins or other competitive
initiatives. Our future success will therefore depend, to a large extent, upon our ability to achieve market acceptance of our innovative
solutions as well as develop and introduce new products and enhancements to existing products. No assurance can be given that we will
be able to compete in such a marketplace.

 The
market for post-harvest solutions is fragmented with various regional suppliers. The market of post-harvest treatments for fruits and
vegetables is dominated by five large players with wide reach across the globe, which players may perceive us as a competitive threat
and institute commercial measures to reduce our market share, including by aggressively 'bundling' their products and services
to compete with us. We believe that the principal competitive factors in our industry include reputation, product quality, customer service
and customer intimacy, product innovation, technical service, and value creation.

 Our
success is dependent upon the acceptance of our environmentally friendly solutions for fruits and vegetables.

 Our
future success is dependent upon the acceptance of our environmentally friendly, non-toxic residual solutions for fruits and vegetables.
While the market is signaling that such a direction is likely, certain trends as well as the future size of this market, and other potential
markets for our products, rely upon a number of factors, many of which are beyond our control. For example, both the failure to convince
retailers to bear additional costs for "green" fruit and vegetables as well as the failure to persuade consumers to purchase
"green" fruits and vegetables for higher prices may adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results
and cash flow going forward.

 We
may be unable to respond effectively to technological changes in our industry, which could reduce the demand for our products.

 Our
future business success will depend upon our ability to maintain and enhance our technological capabilities and develop and market products,
services and applications that meet changing customer needs and market conditions in a cost-effective and timely manner. Maintaining
and enhancing technological capabilities and developing new products may also require significant investments in research and development,
which following financial cutbacks, we have shifted our focus to the commercialization of our solutions with emphasis on converting recently
completed pilots into paying customers. We may not be successful in converting our completed pilots into paying customers or to develop
new products, services and technology that successfully compete or are able to anticipate changing customer needs and preferences, and
our customers may not accept one or more of our new products or services. If we fail to keep pace with evolving technological innovations
or fail to modify our products and services in response to customers' needs or preferences, then our business, financial condition
and results of operations could be adversely affected.

 We
currently rely on a limited number of suppliers to produce certain key components of our products.

 We
rely on unaffiliated contract manufacturers to produce certain key components of our products. In Israel, we work exclusively with a
well-known producer of chemicals, Zohar Dalia, who is responsible for the production of our products. Zohar Dalia is well known for its
knowledge and handling of hydrogen peroxide. In the United States, we have worked for the past few years with Seeler Industries, a national
leader in the marketing and handling of hydrogen peroxide. We additionally work with a producer in South Africa. There is limited available
manufacturing capacity that meets our quality standards and regulatory requirements, especially for the manufacturing of the SF3H and
SF3HS with one of their active ingredients - hydrogen peroxide - as well as for FreshPROTECT with one of its active ingredients - PO3.
If we are unable to arrange for sufficient production capacity among our contract manufacturers or if our contract manufacturers encounter
production, quality, financial, or other difficulties, including labor or geopolitical disturbances, we may encounter difficulty in meeting
customer demands as we seek alternative sources of supply, or we may have to make financial accommodations to such contract manufacturers
or otherwise take steps to mitigate supply disruption. We may be unable to locate an additional or alternate contract manufacturer that
meets our quality controls and standards and regulatory requirements in a timely manner or on commercially reasonable terms. Any such
difficulties could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations, which could be material.

 If
we are unable to establish sales, marketing and distribution capabilities or enter into successful relationships with third parties to
perform these services, we may not be successful in commercializing our products.

 We
have a limited selling and marketing infrastructure and have limited experience in the sale, marketing or distribution of products. To
achieve commercial success for any product for which we have obtained marketing approval, we will need to enter into collaborations with
third parties, like post-harvest service companies, and establish a selling and marketing infrastructure or to out-license our products.

 In
the future, we may consider building a focused selling and marketing infrastructure to market our products in the United States or elsewhere
in the world. There are risks involved with establishing our own sales, marketing and distribution capabilities. For example, recruiting
and training a sales force could be expensive and time consuming and could delay any product launch. This may be costly, and our investment
may be lost if we cannot retain or reposition our selling and marketing personnel.

 Factors
that may inhibit our efforts to commercialize our products on our own include:

 our
 inability to recruit, train and retain adequate numbers of effective selling and marketing personnel;

 the
 inability of sales personnel to obtain access to potential customers;

 the
 lack of complementary products to be offered by sales personnel, which may put us at a competitive disadvantage relative to companies
 with more extensive product lines; and

 unforeseen
 costs and expenses associated with creating an independent selling and marketing organization.

 If
we are unable to establish our own sales, marketing and distribution capabilities or enter into successful arrangements with third parties
to perform these services, our revenues and our profitability may be materially adversely affected.

 In
addition, we may not be successful in entering into arrangements with third parties to sell, market and distribute our products in our
target markets, including Chile, Mexico, Peru, Columbia, the United States, South Africa, the Philippines,
Thailand, Turkey, Egypt, Morocco, Spain, Italy, Brazil and Israel, or may be unable to do so on terms that are favorable to us.
We likely will have little control over such third parties, and any or all of them may fail to devote the necessary resources and attention
to sell and market our products effectively. If we do not establish sales, marketing and distribution capabilities successfully, either
on our own or in collaboration with third parties, we may not be successful in commercializing our product candidates.

 We
rely on rapidly establishing a global distributorship network in order to effectively market our products.

 We
have developed initial partnerships with local partners. In order to expand selling and marketing globally and capture leading market
share before any potential reaction from competitors, we will need to rapidly expand geographically and establish a global distribution
network. This will likely put pressure on our management as well as on our financial and operational resources. To mitigate this factor,
once we establish a significant presence in the market, we will proceed to establish strategic partnerships with leading market players;
however, there are no assurances that we will succeed in establishing such partnerships, which may harm the marketing of our products
and the development of our business.

 We
may not be successful in our efforts to complete and integrate current and/or future acquisitions, which could disrupt our current business
activities and adversely affect our results of operations or future growth.

 Any
acquisition may involve many risks, including the risks of:

 diverting
 management's attention and other resources from our ongoing business concerns;

 entering
 markets in which we have no director prior experience;

 improperly
 evaluating new services, products and markets;

 being
 unable to maintain uniform standards, controls, procedures and policies;

 failing
 to comply with governmental requirements pertaining to acquisitions of local companies or
 assets by foreign entities;

 being
 unable to integrate new technologies or personnel;

 incurring
 the expenses of any undisclosed or potential liabilities; and

 the
 departure of key management and employees.

 If
we are unable to successfully complete our future acquisitions or to effectively integrate NTWO OFF or future acquisitions, our
ability to grow our business or to operate our business effectively could be reduced, and our business, financial condition and
operating results could suffer. Even if we are successful in completing acquisitions, we cannot assure that we will be able to
integrate the operations of the acquired business without encountering difficulty regarding different business strategies with
respect to marketing and integration of personnel with disparate business backgrounds and corporate cultures. The integration of
NTWO OFF, which incorporation was completed in August 2023, is still in progress and, as of the date of this Annual Report, we
cannot assure that such process will be completed without encountering difficulties. Further, in certain cases, mergers and
acquisitions require special approvals, or are subject to scrutiny by the local authorities, and failing to comply with such
requirements or to receive such approvals, may prevent or limit our ability to complete the acquisitions as well as expose us to
legal proceedings prior or following the consummation of such acquisitions. In some cases, such proceedings, if initiated, may
conclude in a requirement to divest portions of the acquired business. As of the date of this Annual Report, we are not aware of any
pending proceedings as such in connection with the acquisition of NTWO OFF.

 The
results of our early tests may not be indicative of results in future tests and we cannot assure you that any planned or future tests
will lead to results sufficient for the necessary regulatory approvals.

 Our
products have been tested in multiple commercial and small-scale pilots on certain types of produce and during specific times of the
year. We are currently in the development and optimization phases of these products. Results from our later-stage commercial tests may
show lower efficacy than our early-tests conducted previously, and we cannot guarantee that when commercialized, our products will be
effective and stable and product improvements as well as possible changes in the application and usage protocol may be required. Our
results could further be affected by the changing behavior of the fruits throughout the season, therefore demonstrating inconsistent
results. These factors may significantly delay receipts of regulatory approvals, and the introduction of our products into the market.
Likewise, we cannot be sure these products will be commercially viable and have no assurances that we will be able to expand upon our
current product offerings or that any such expansion will generate revenue.

 Our
products are highly regulated by governmental agencies in the countries where we conduct business and in countries in which we plan to
expand. Our failure to obtain regulatory approvals and registration, to comply with registration and regulatory requirements or to maintain
regulatory approvals would have an adverse impact on our ability to market and sell our products.

 Some
of our products are subject to technical review and approval by government authorities in each country where we currently conduct our
business and where we intend to sell our products.

 The
regulatory requirements to which we are subject are complex and vary from country to country. To obtain new registrations, it is necessary
to have a local registrant, and to understand the country's regulatory requirements, both at the time an application for registration
is submitted and when the registration decision is made, which may be several years later. A significant investment in registration data
is required (covering all aspects from manufacturing specifications through storage and transport, use, and disposal of unwanted product
and used containers) to ensure that product performance (e.g., efficacy), intrinsic hazards and use patterns are fully characterized.
Risk assessments are conducted by government regulatory authorities who make the final decision on whether the documented risk associated
with a product and active ingredient is acceptable prior to granting approval for sale. This process may be prolonged due to requirements
for additional data or internal administrative processes. There is a risk that registration of a new product may not be obtained or that
a product label may be severely reduced, restricting the use of the product. If these circumstances arise, there is a risk that the substantial
investments made in product development will generate the projected sales that justified the investment, and our business, financial
condition and results of operations may be adversely affected by failure to obtain new registrations.

 Products
that are already approved may be subject to periodic review by regulatory authorities in many countries. Such reviews frequently require
the provision of new data and more complex risk assessments. The outcome of such reviews of existing registrations cannot be guaranteed
and registrations may be modified or canceled. Since all government regulatory authorities have the right to review existing registrations
at any time, the sustainability of the existing portfolio cannot be guaranteed. Existing registrations may be lost at any time, resulting
in an immediate impact on sales. Furthermore, prior to expiration, it is necessary to renew registrations. The renewal period and processes
vary by country and may require additional studies to support the renewal process. Failure to comply could result in cancellation of
the registration, resulting in an impact on sales.

 In
addition, new laws and regulations may be introduced, or existing laws and regulations may be changed or may become subject to new interpretations,
which could result in additional compliance costs, seizures, confiscations, recalls, monetary fines or delays that could affect us or
our customers.

 Our
success is dependent upon our ability to achieve regulatory approvals and registration in the United States, Mexico, Peru, South Africa,
Brazil, and Israel, which might take longer than expected.

 We
are subject to extensive national, state and local government regulation. A critical key to our success and ability to expand our business
is our ability to obtain regulatory approvals and registration in the United States and in other countries for the use of our products.
The regulatory approvals of some of our products are dependent on trials to show the efficacy and the non-toxicity of our products and
are time and cost consuming. We do not anticipate any significant problems in obtaining future required licenses, permits or approvals
that are necessary to expand our business, however such licenses, permits or approvals may take longer than expected due to various factors,
which might cause delays in these countries and other jurisdictions.

 We
do not have backlogs or firm commitments from our customers for our products. Our sales may deteriorate if we fail to achieve commercial
success or obtain regulatory approval of any of our products.

 The
inherent dangers in production and transportation of hydrogen peroxide and highly concentrated organic acids could cause disruptions
and could expose us to potentially significant losses, costs or other liabilities.

 Our
operations are subject to significant hazards and risks inherent to the transportation of the active ingredient of one of our products
- hydrogen peroxide. In high concentrations, our blend of acids has a very low pH which may lead to skin burn and hydrogen peroxide is
an aggressive oxidizer and both can corrode many materials. We are working with limited low concentration of the material, however in
high concentrations of H 2 O 2 it will react violently. Hydrogen peroxide should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated
area and away from any flammable or combustible substances. It should be transported in special tanks and vehicles and should be stored
in a container composed of non-reactive materials. These hazards and risks include, but are not limited to fires, explosions, third-party
interference (including terrorism) and mechanical failure of equipment at our or third-party facilities. The occurrence of any of these
events could result in production and distribution difficulties and disruptions, personal injury or wrongful death claims and other damage
to properties.

 Our
business and operations may be affected by unexpected events, including climate change conditions and natural disasters, which could
materially harm our financial results.

 Unexpected
events, including fires or explosions at our facilities, natural disasters such as earthquakes and wildfires, unplanned power outages,
supply disruptions, failure of equipment or systems, and severe weather events, such as droughts, heat waves, hurricanes, and flooding,
could adversely affect our reputation and results of operations through physical damage to our facilities and equipment and through physical
damage to, or disruption of, local infrastructure or disrupt our operations generally. During the past several years we have seen an
increase in the frequency and intensity of severe weather events and we expect this trend to continue due to climate change.

 Our
business, in particular, may be affected from changes in climate conditions as such events would affect the crops yield and their storability
in those cases where there is unusually warm, dry, humid or cold weather before cropping.

 In
such instances, we may suffer a decrease in revenues as a result of a smaller storage volume of rooms or shorter storage period. We anticipate
that once we increase our operations and enter certain markets which experience or will experience significant climate change, such as
above-common rain fall, heat waves, dry air conditions, and unusually cold or prolonged cold weather conditions, such events may materially
impact our financial results.

certain natural disasters may affect our operations. For example, our partner in Turkey, located in eastern Turkey, a region that sustained
an earthquake registered at a magnitude of 7.8 on February 6, 2023. Given that our operations are global in nature, and our partnerships
are located in various geographic locations subject to certain inherent dangers, it is plausible that our business and operations may
be adversely affected by any such future natural disasters.

 Conditions
in the global economy, including inflation and recessionary pressures, may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results
of operation.

 The
recent historically high inflation in the U.S., geopolitical issues, continuous increases in interest rates, unstable global conditions
and changes in exchange rates have led to global economic instability. Although demand for fresh horticultural products is considered
inelastic in developed economies, the fresh produce and citrus industries that we sell to may be affected by material changes in supply,
market prices, exchange rates and general economic conditions. As a result of the high inflation and recession, we are seeing record
high levels of unemployment and consumer spending trends are changing. Delays or reductions in our customers' purchasing or shifts
to lower-cost alternatives that result from tighter economic market conditions would reduce demand for our products and services and
could, consequently, have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Increased
attention to environmental, social, and governance ("ESG") matters and conservation measures may adversely impact our business
or that of our manufacturers.

 Public
companies are facing increasing scrutiny related to ESG practices and disclosures from certain investors, capital providers, shareholder
advocacy groups, other market participants, and other stakeholder groups. For example, certain institutional and individual investors
have requested various ESG-related information and disclosures as they increasingly incorporate ESG criteria in making investment and
voting decisions. With this increased focus, public reporting regarding ESG practices is becoming more broadly expected. Such increased
scrutiny may result in increased costs, enhanced compliance or disclosure obligations, or other adverse impacts on our business, financial
condition or results of operations. If our ESG practices and reporting do not meet investor or other stakeholder expectations, which
continue to evolve, we may be subject to investor or regulator engagement regarding such matters.

 In
addition, new sustainability rules and regulations have been adopted and may continue to be introduced in various states and other jurisdictions.
Such climate change-related regulations or interpretations of existing laws may result in enhanced disclosure obligations that could
negatively affect us and materially increase our regulatory burden. Increased regulations generally increase the costs to us, and those
higher costs may continue to increase if new laws require additional resources, including spending more time, hiring additional personnel
or investing in new technologies.

 Moreover,
this could result in increased management time and attention to ensure we are compliant with the regulations and expectations. Our failure
to comply with any applicable rules or regulations could lead to penalties and adversely impact our reputation, access to capital and
employee retention. Such ESG matters may also impact third parties on which we rely, which may augment or cause additional impacts on
our business, financial condition, or results of operations.

 Our
relationship with our employees could deteriorate, and certain key employees could leave, which could adversely affect our business and
results of operations.

 Our
business involves complex operations and demands a management team to determine and implement our strategy and workforce that is knowledgeable
and has expertise in many areas necessary for our operations. As a company focused on commercializing our completed pilots into paying
customers in the highly-specialized horticultural post-harvest field, we rely on our ability to attract and retain skilled employees,
consultants and contractors. The departure of highly skilled employees, consultants or contractors or one or more employees who hold
key regional management positions could have an adverse impact on our operations.

 In
addition, to execute our growth plan we must attract and retain highly qualified personnel. Competition for these employees exists; new
members of management must have significant industry expertise when they join us or engage in significant training which, in many cases,
requires significant time before they achieve full productivity. If we fail to attract, train, retain, and motivate our key personnel,
our business and growth prospects could be severely harmed.

we are dependent upon managers to oversee our operations. Thus, there can be no assurance that a manager's experience will be sufficient
to successfully achieve our business objectives. All decisions regarding the management of our affairs will be made exclusively by our
officers and directors. In the event these people are ineffective, our business and results of operation would likely be adversely affected.

 We
are subject to risks relating to portfolio concentration.

 Our
business is highly dependent on a small number of products, which are based on our main ingredients. Our core post-harvest business includes
solutions designed to improve the yields of the packing house but mainly ensure food safety and assisting packing houses to meet the
new FSMA requirements. Our ability to market and sell products containing our ingredient to key service providers for treatment in post-harvest
food safety industry in order to utilize their market position is important to our future success.

 Our
operating results may fluctuate, which makes our results difficult to predict and could cause our results to fall short of expectations.

 Our
operating results may fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, many of which are outside of our control. As a result, comparing
our operating results on a period-to-period basis may not be meaningful, and you should not rely on our past results as an indication
of our future performance. Our quarterly, year-to-date and annual expenses as a percentage of our revenues may differ significantly from
our historical or projected rates. Our operating results in future quarters may fall below expectations. Any of these events could cause
our stock price to fall. Each of the following factors, among the other risks described herein, may affect our operating results:

 our
 ability to penetrate the packing house industry with our products;

 our
 ability to generate revenue from our products;

 the
 amount and timing, of operating costs and capital expenditures related to the maintenance and expansion of our businesses, and operations;

 our
 focus on long-term goals over short-term results;

 the
 global economic situation; and

 fluctuations
 in weather conditions and its impact on the growing of fruits and vegetables.

 International
expansion of our business exposes us to business, regulatory, political, operational, financial and economic risks associated with doing
business outside of the United States, Mexico or Israel.

 Other
than our headquarters and other operations which are located in Israel (as further described below), we currently have limited international
operations. Our business strategy incorporates potentially significant international expansion, particularly in anticipation of approval
of our product candidates and we also plan to retain sales representatives and third-party distributors, outside of the United States
and Israel at a later date. Doing business internationally involves a number of risks, including but not limited to:

 multiple,
 conflicting and changing laws and regulations such as privacy regulations, tax laws, export and import restrictions, employment laws,
 regulatory requirements and other governmental approvals, permits, and licenses;

 by us to obtain regulatory approvals for the use of our product candidates in various countries;

 additional
 potentially relevant third-party patent or other intellectual property rights;

 complexities
 and difficulties in obtaining protection and enforcing our intellectual property;

 limits
 in our ability to penetrate international markets;

 financial
 risks, such as longer payment cycles, difficulty collecting accounts receivable, the impact of local and regional financial crises
 on demand and payment for our products and exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations;

 natural
 disasters, political and economic instability, including wars, terrorism, and political unrest, outbreak of disease, boycotts, curtailment
 of trade, and other business restrictions;

 certain
 expenses including, among others, expenses for travel, translation and insurance; and

 regulatory
 and compliance risks that relate to maintaining accurate information and control over sales and activities that may fall within the
 purview of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, as amended (the "FCPA") its books and records, or its anti-bribery
 provisions.

 Any
of these factors could significantly harm our future international expansion and operations and, consequently, our results of operations.

 Our
business depends to some extent on international transactions.

 As
a result of the international nature of our business, we are exposed to risks associated with changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
A majority of our revenues and substantially all of our cost of sales are in U.S. dollars and our management, marketing, sales and research
and development costs are in New Israeli Shekels. We are therefore exposed to foreign currency risk due to fluctuations in exchange rates.
This may result in gains or losses with respect to movements in exchange rates, which may be significant and may also cause fluctuations
in reported financial information that are not necessarily related to our operating results.

 Risks
Related to Intellectual Property

 If
we are unable to secure and maintain patent or other intellectual property protection for our products, our ability to compete may be
harmed.

 Our
commercial success depends, in part, on obtaining and maintaining patent and other intellectual property protection for the proprietary
blend used in our products and our manufacturing process, as well as continuing to develop and secure trade secrets. We might in the
future opt to license intellectual property from other parties. If we, or the other parties from whom we may license intellectual property,
fail to obtain and maintain adequate patent or other intellectual property protection for intellectual property used in our products,
or if any protection is reduced or eliminated, others could use the intellectual property used in our products, resulting in harm to
our competitive business position. In addition, patent and other intellectual property protection may not provide us with a competitive
advantage against competitors that devise ways of making competitive products without infringing any patents that we own or to which
we have rights.

 U.S.
patents and patent applications may be subject to interference proceedings, and U.S. patents may be subject to re-examination proceedings
in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Foreign patents may be subject to opposition or comparable proceedings in the corresponding
foreign patent offices. Any of these proceedings could result in loss of the patent or denial of the patent application, or loss or reduction
in the scope of one or more of the claims of the patent or patent application. Changes in either patent laws or in interpretations of
patent laws may also diminish the value of our intellectual property or narrow the scope of our protection. Interference, re-examination
and opposition proceedings may be costly and time consuming, and we, or the other parties from whom we might potentially license intellectual
property, may be unsuccessful in defending against such proceedings. Thus, any patents that we own or might license may provide limited
or no protection against competitors. In addition, our pending patent applications and those we may file in the future may have claims
narrowed during prosecution or may not result in patents being issued. Even if any of our pending or future applications are issued,
they may not provide us with adequate protection or any competitive advantages. Our ability to develop additional patentable technology
is also uncertain.

 Non-payment
or delay in payment of patent fees or annuities, whether intentional or unintentional, may also result in the loss of patents or patent
rights important to our business. Many countries, including certain countries in Europe, have compulsory licensing laws under which a
patent owner may be compelled to grant licenses to other parties. In addition, many countries limit the enforceability of patents against
other parties, including government agencies or government contractors. In these countries, the patent owner may have limited remedies,
which could materially diminish the value of the patent. In addition, the laws of some foreign countries do not protect intellectual
property rights to the same extent as do the laws of the United States.

 If
we are unable to prevent unauthorized use or disclosure of our proprietary trade secrets and unprotected know-how, our ability to compete
may be harmed.

 Proprietary
trade secrets, copyrights, trademarks, and unprotected know-how are also very important to our business. We rely on a combination of
trade secrets, copyrights, trademarks, confidentiality agreements and other contractual provisions and technical security measures to
protect certain aspects of our technology, especially where we do not believe that patent protection is appropriate or obtainable. We
require our office holders, employees, consultants, and distributors of our products and most third parties to execute confidentiality
agreements in connection with their relationships with us. However, these measures may not be adequate to safeguard our proprietary intellectual
property and conflicts may, nonetheless, arise regarding ownership of inventions. Such conflicts may lead to the loss or impairment of
our intellectual property or to expensive litigation to defend our rights against competitors who may be better funded and have superior
resources. Our office holders, employees, consultants, and other advisors may unintentionally or willfully disclose our confidential
information to competitors. In addition, confidentiality agreements may be unenforceable or may not provide an adequate remedy in the
event of unauthorized disclosure. Enforcing a claim that a third party illegally obtained and is using our trade secrets is expensive
and time consuming, and the outcome is unpredictable. Moreover, our competitors may independently develop equivalent knowledge, methods,
and know-how. Unauthorized parties may also attempt to copy or reverse engineer certain aspects of our products that we consider proprietary.
As a result, other parties may be able to use our proprietary technology or information, and our ability to compete in the market may
be harmed.

 We
could become subject to patent and other intellectual property litigation that could be costly, result in the diversion of management's
attention, require us to pay damages and force us to discontinue selling our products.

 Determining
whether a product infringes a patent involves complex legal and factual issues, and the outcome of a patent litigation action is often
uncertain. No assurance can be given that patents containing claims covering our products, parts of our products, technology or methods
do not exist, have not been filed or could not be filed or issued. Furthermore, our competitors or other parties may assert that our
products and the methods we employ in the use of our products are covered by U.S. or foreign patents held by them. In addition, because
patent applications can take many years to issue and because publication schedules for pending applications vary by jurisdiction, there
may be applications now pending of which we are unaware, and which may result in issued patents which our current or future products
infringe. Also, because the claims of published patent applications can change between publication and patent grant, there may be published
patent applications with claims that we infringe. There could also be existing patents that one or more of our products or parts may
infringe and of which we are unaware. As the number of competitors in the post-harvest market grows, and as the number of patents issued
grows, the possibility of patent infringement claims against us increases.

 Infringement
actions and other intellectual property claims and proceedings brought against or by us, whether with or without merit, may cause us
to incur substantial costs and could place a significant strain on our financial resources, divert the attention of management from our
business and harm our reputation. Some of our competitors may be able to sustain the costs of complex patent or intellectual property
litigation more effectively than we can because they have substantially greater resources.

 We
cannot be certain that we will successfully defend against allegations of infringement of patents and intellectual property rights of
others. In the event that we become subject to a patent infringement or other intellectual property lawsuit and if the other party's
patents or other intellectual property were upheld as valid and enforceable and we were found to infringe the other party's patents
or violate the terms of a license to which we are a party, we could be required to pay damages. We could also be prevented from selling
our products unless we could obtain a license to use technology or processes covered by such patents or will be able to redesign the
product to avoid infringement. A license may not be available at all or on commercially reasonable terms or we may not be able to redesign
our products to avoid infringement. Modification of our products or development of new products could require us to conduct clinical
trials and to revise our filings with the applicable regulatory bodies, which would be time-consuming and expensive. In these circumstances,
we may be unable to sell our products at competitive prices or at all, our business and operating results could be harmed.

 We
may be subject to claims challenging the inventorship or ownership of our patents and other intellectual property.

 We
may be subject to claims that former employees, collaborators, or other third parties have an ownership interest in our patents or other
intellectual property. Ownership disputes may arise in the future, for example, from conflicting obligations of consultants or others
who are involved in developing our product candidates. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these and other claims challenging
inventorship or ownership. If we fail in defending any such claims, in addition to paying monetary damages, we may lose valuable intellectual
property rights, such as exclusive ownership of, or right to use, valuable intellectual property. Such an outcome could have a material
adverse effect on our business. Even if we are successful in defending against such claims, litigation could result in substantial costs
and be a distraction to management and other employees.

 We
may experience claims that our products infringe the intellectual property rights of others, which may cause us to incur unexpected costs
or prevent us from selling our products or services.

 We
continually seek to improve our business processes and develop new products and applications in a crowded patent space that we must continually
monitor to avoid infringement. We cannot guarantee that we will not experience claims that our processes and products infringe issued
patents (whether present or future) or other intellectual property rights belonging to others.

 From
time to time, we oppose patent applications that we consider overbroad or otherwise invalid in order to maintain the ability to operate
freely in our various business lines without the risk of being sued for patent infringement. If, however, patents are subsequently issued
on any such applications by other parties, or if patents belonging to others already exist that cover our products, processes or technologies,
we could experience claims for infringement or have to take other remedial or curative actions to continue our manufacturing and sales
activities with respect to one or more products. Likewise, our competitors may also already hold or have applied for patents in the United
States or abroad that, if enforced or issued, could prevail over our patent rights or otherwise limit our ability to manufacture or sell
one or more of our products in the United States or abroad. Any actions asserted against us could require payment of damages for infringement,
enjoining the use of said product, or a requirement that we obtain licenses from these parties or substantially re-engineer our products
or processes in order to avoid infringement. We may not be able to obtain the necessary licenses on acceptable terms, or at all, or be
able to re-engineer our products successfully. Further, intellectual property litigation is expensive and time-consuming, regardless
of the merits of any claim, and could divert our management's attention from operating our business.

 Risks
Related to Regulatory Compliance

 If
we or our contractors or service providers fail to comply with laws and regulations, we or they could be subject to regulatory actions,
which could affect our ability to develop, market and sell our products or future products that we may develop and may harm our reputation
in our industry.

 If
we or our manufacturers or other third-party contractors fail to comply with applicable federal, state or foreign laws or regulations,
including with respect to food treatment, we could be subject to regulatory actions, which could affect our ability to develop, market
and sell our current products or any future products which we may develop in the future and could harm our reputation and lead to reduced
demand for or non-acceptance of our proposed products by the market.

 Regulatory
reforms may adversely affect our ability to sell our products profitably.

 From
time to time, legislation is drafted and introduced in the United States, Mexico, Israel or other countries in which we operate, that
could significantly change the statutory provisions governing the clearance or approval, manufacture and marketing of our products, including
in the food health industry. In addition, regulations and guidance may often be revised or reinterpreted by the regulatory authorities
in ways that may significantly affect our business and our products. It is impossible to predict whether legislative changes will be
enacted, or interpretations changed, and what the impact of such changes, if any, may be.

 Risks
Related to NTWO OFF

 The
evolution of our business strategy may not be successful and we may require additional financing, have increased operational costs or
other financial harm to our business and financial condition.

 Our
business strategy continues to evolve following our acquisition of a majority stake in the newly-formed NTWO OFF a research and
development company using technologies developed at the Agricultural Research Organization – Volcani Institute. Changing our business
entails risks in implementation and operations, and there is no guarantee we will be successful. Furthermore, changing our focus may
require additional capital and we will incur costs associated with changing our business and implementing a new business plan.

 If
NTWO OFF becomes subject to environmental-related claims, it could incur significant cost and time to comply.

 NTWO
OFF's nitrous oxide business activities create a risk pertaining to environmental liabilities and reputational damage. NTWO OFF
is subject to various environmental laws and regulations, pursuant to which it could be liable for the release of regulated substances,
by NTWO OFF or its affiliates. Furthermore, as part of its nitrous oxide business activities, NTWO OFF is at risk of contamination or
injury to its employees, third parties or customers, by storing, transporting, handling and using such materials.

 Should
NTWO OFF become liable for any of the environmental risks described above, it could be liable for damages caused such as injuries, environmental
contamination etc.

 Such
liabilities could exceed NTWO OFF's available cash or any applicable insurance coverage it may have. Furthermore, NTWO OFF is subject
to certain laws and regulations that govern the storage, use, handling and disposal of these substances. The cost of compliance with
these laws and regulations may become significant and could have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, or results
of operations.

 Further,
NTWO OFF may incur costs to defend its position even if it is not liable for consequences arising out of environmental damage. NTWO OFF's
insurance policies may not be sufficient to cover the costs of such claims.

 NTWO
OFF requires certain permits to operate its nitrous oxide business. If NTWO OFF is unable to obtain or renew such permits it will adversely
impact our operations.

 NTWO
OFF's nitrous oxide business requires permits to operate. NTWO OFF's inability to obtain new permits or to renew its existing
permits in a timely manner could lead to substantial delays in the business. The issuance and renewal of permits is dependent on the
relevant government bureaus and is beyond NTWO OFF's control and that of its customers. NTWO OFF cannot ensure that it will receive
the permits necessary to operate, which could substantially and adversely affect its operations and financial condition.

 NTWO
OFF is an early-stage company and we can provide no assurance of the successful and timely development of its products.

 NTWO
OFF is currently conducting a controlled trial to examine its solution for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, with a specific
focus on nitrous oxide and aim to penetrate the sustainable agriculture market with its innovative solution.

 While
the trial marks a pivotal moment in NTWO OFF's journey, it needs to further evaluate the performance of its solution in microplot
fields featuring various soil types, along with different dosages and formulations. Moreover, NTWO OFF intends to discover and identify
additional microorganisms with the capacity to decrease nitrous oxide emissions. Further development and testing will be required to
determine that its solution is commercially viable. In addition, NTWO OFF will need to complete significant trials demonstrating that
our solutions are safe and effective to the satisfaction of the FDA and other non-U.S. regulatory authorities. Failure can occur at any
stage of the process. NTWO OFF may invest substantial amounts of time and resources without developing a revenue producing solution if
its trials are unsuccessful.

 Due
to the long nature of the solution's commercialization, the unproven technology involved, and other factors as described in this
Annual Report, there can be no assurance that NTWO OFF will be able to successfully develop or commercialize its solutions, which could
have adverse effects on our business, results of operations and finances.

 Risks
Related to Our Operations in Israel

 Conditions
in Israel, including the recent attack by Hamas and other terrorist organization from the Gaza Strip and Israel's war against them,
may adversely affect our operations and limit our ability to manage and market our products, among other things the direct effects of
the war on the agriculture in Israel, which could indirectly lead to a decrease in revenues.

most of our operations are conducted in Israel and all members of our board of directors, management, as well as a majority of our employees
and consultants, including employees of our service providers, are located in Israel, our business and operations are directly affected
by economic, political, geopolitical and military conditions affecting Israel. Any political instability, terrorism, armed conflicts,
reserve mobilization, cyberattacks, boycotts, direct or indirect sanctions and restrictions, or any other hostilities involving Israel
or the interruption or curtailment of trade between Israel and its trading partners could adversely affect our operations. Since the
establishment of the State of Israel in 1948, a number of armed conflicts have occurred between Israel and its neighboring countries
and other hostile non-state actors. These conflicts have involved missile strikes, hostile infiltrations and terrorism against civilian
targets in various parts of Israel, which have negatively affected business conditions in Israel.

 In
October 2023, Hamas terrorists infiltrated Israel's southern border from the Gaza Strip and conducted a series of attacks on civilian
and military targets. Hamas also launched extensive rocket attacks on Israeli population and industrial centers located along Israel's
border with the Gaza Strip and in other areas within the State of Israel. These attacks resulted in extensive deaths, injuries and kidnapping
of civilians and soldiers, as well as evacuations of tens of thousands of civilians from their homes. Following the attack, Israel's
security cabinet declared war against Hamas and a military campaign against these terrorist organizations commenced in parallel to their
continued rocket and terror attacks. Furthermore, hostilities along Israel's northern border with Hezbollah located in Lebanon
have accelerated, and this clash may escalate in the future into a greater regional conflict.

 The
intensity and duration of Israel's current war against Hamas is difficult to predict, as are such war's economic implications
on our business and operations and on Israel's economy in general. These events may be intertwined with wider macroeconomic indications
of a deterioration of Israel's economic standing, for instance, a downgrade in Israel's credit rating by rating agencies
(such as the recent downgrade by Moody's of its credit rating of Israel from A1 to A2, as well as the downgrade of its outlook
rating from "stable" to "negative"). which may have a material adverse effect on our company and our ability
to effectively conduct its operations.

 It
is possible that other terrorist organizations will join the hostilities as well, including Palestinian military organizations in the
West Bank, as well as other hostile countries, such as Iran, will join the hostilities. Our facilities are not only within the range
of rockets from the Gaza Strip, but also within the range of rockets that can be fired from Lebanon, Syria or elsewhere in the Middle
East. In the event that our facilities are damaged as a result of hostile action or hostilities otherwise disrupt the ongoing operation
of our facilities, our ability to deliver products to customers in a timely manner to meet our contractual obligations with customers
and vendors could be materially and adversely affected.

 We
have experienced delays in our pilots and packaging activities due to the war, as certain packing houses, such as Mehadrin, have halted
operations for the time being. Additionally, we anticipated engaging additional packing houses to conduct pilots on strawberries and
citruses with our product, but, due to the war, we were unable to continue pursuing new collaborations for these pilots, and we may not
be able to resume any potential collaborations if the current war persists for an extended duration. We are unable to predict how long
the current conflict will last, as well as the repercussions these delays will have on our operations. If we are unable to renew our
pilots or collaborations with local packing houses our financial results may be affected.

 Our
commercial insurance does not cover losses that may occur as a result of events associated with war and terrorism. Although the Israeli
government currently covers the reinstatement value of direct damages that are caused by terrorist attacks or acts of war, we cannot
assure you that this government coverage will be maintained or that it will sufficiently cover our potential damages. Any losses or damages
incurred by us could have a material adverse effect on our business.

 As
a result of the Israeli security cabinet's decision to declare war against Hamas, and possible hostilities with other organizations,
several hundred thousand Israeli military reservists were drafted to perform immediate military service. Certain of our employees and
consultants in Israel and employees of our service providers located in Israel, have been called, and additional employees may be called,
for service in the current or future wars or other armed conflicts with Hamas, and such persons may be absent for an extended period
of time. Although we have certain manufacturing capabilities in the United States, our Israeli operations may be disrupted by such absences,
which may materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations. Additionally, the absence of employees of our Israeli
suppliers and contract manufacturers due to their military service in the current war or future wars or other armed conflicts may disrupt
their operations, which in turn may event our materially and adversely affect our ability to deliver or provide products and services
to customers.

 In
addition, popular uprisings in various countries in the Middle East and North Africa have affected the political stability of those countries.
Such instability may lead to a deterioration in the political and trade relationships that exist between the State of Israel and these
countries. Moreover, some countries around the world restrict doing business with Israel and Israeli companies, and additional countries
may impose restrictions on doing business with Israel and Israeli companies if hostilities in Israel or political instability in the
region continues or increases. These restrictions may limit materially our ability to obtain raw materials from these countries or sell
our products to companies and customers in these countries. In addition, there have been increased efforts by activists to cause companies
and consumers to boycott Israeli goods. Moreover, the perception of Israel and Israeli companies by the global community (including,
for example, in light of the interim ruling rendered by the International Court of Justice ("ICJ") in a case filed by South
Africa against Israel in January 2024) may cause an increase in sanctions and other adverse measures against Israel, Israeli companies
and their products and services. Such efforts, particularly if they become more widespread, as well as the ICJ ruling and possible future
rulings and orders of other tribunals against Israel, may materially and adversely impact our ability to sell our products outside of
Israel.

following Hamas' attack on Israel and Israel's security cabinet declaration of war against Hamas, the Houthi movement, which
controls parts of Yemen, launched a number of attacks on marine vessels traversing the Red Sea, which marine vessels were thought to
either be in route towards Israel or to be partly owned by Israeli businessmen. The Red Sea is a vital maritime route for international
trade traveling to or from Israel. As a result of such disruptions, we may experience in the future delays in supplier deliveries, extended
lead times, and increased cost of freight, increased insurance costs, purchased materials and manufacturing labor costs. The risk of
ongoing supply disruptions may further result in delayed deliveries of our products.

 Prior
to the Hamas attack in October 2023, the Israeli government pursued extensive changes to Israel's judicial system, which sparked
extensive political debate and unrest. In response to such initiative, many individuals, organizations and institutions, both within
and outside of Israel, have voiced concerns that the proposed changes may negatively impact the business environment in Israel including
due to reluctance of foreign investors to invest or transact business in Israel as well as to increased currency fluctuations, downgrades
in credit rating, increased interest rates, increased volatility in security markets, and other changes in macroeconomic conditions.
The risk of such negative developments has increased in light of the recent Hamas attacks and the war against Hamas declared by Israel.
To the extent that any of these negative developments do occur, they may have an adverse effect on our business, our results of operations
and our ability to raise additional funds, if deemed necessary by our management and board of directors.

 We
may not be able to enforce covenants not-to-compete under current Israeli law that might result in added competition for our products.

 We
have non-competition agreements with all of our employees, all of which are governed by Israeli law. These agreements prohibit our employees
from competing with or working for our competitors, generally during their employment and for up to 12 months after termination of their
employment. However, Israeli courts are reluctant to enforce non-compete undertakings of former employees and tend, if at all, to enforce
those provisions for relatively brief periods of time in restricted geographical areas, and only when the employee has obtained unique
value to the employer specific to that employer's business and not just regarding the professional development of the employee.
If we are not able to enforce non-compete covenants, we may be faced with added competition.

 It
may be difficult to acquire jurisdiction and enforce liabilities against our officers and directors who are based in Israel.

 All
of our officers and directors reside outside of the United States and most of our operations are located outside the United States. As
a result, it may not be possible for United States investors to enforce their legal rights, to effect service of process upon our directors
or officers or to enforce judgments of United States courts predicated upon civil liabilities and criminal penalties of our directors
and officers under federal securities laws. Moreover, we have been advised that Israel does not have treaties providing for the reciprocal
recognition and enforcement of judgments of courts with the United States. Further, it is unclear if extradition treaties now in effect
between the United States and Israel would permit effective enforcement of criminal penalties of the federal securities laws.

 Risks
Related to Ownership of Our Common Stock

 We
completed a reverse stock split on October 5, 2023, in an effort to regain compliance with Nasdaq listing rules and we cannot predict
the effect that such reverse stock split will have on the market price of our common stock.

 Our
common stock is listed on Nasdaq under the symbol "NITO". To continue to be listed on Nasdaq, we are required to satisfy
a number of conditions, including a minimum bid price of at least $1.00 per share of common stock, a market value of our publicly held
shares of at least $1 million and stockholders' equity of at least $2.5 million.

 On
April 25, 2023, we received a deficiency letter from Nasdaq notifying us that for the last 30 consecutive business days the bid price
for our common stock had closed below the Minimum Bid Price requirement for continued listing on the Nasdaq Capital Market pursuant to
Nasdaq Listing Rule 5550(a)(2) and that we had until October 22, 2023, to regain compliance with the Bid Price Rule.

 Our
board of directors approved a 1-for-7 reverse stock split of our common stock which became effective on October 5, 2023, in order to
regain compliance with the Minimum Bid Price. We cannot predict the effect that the reverse stock split will have on the market price
for shares of our common stock, and the history of similar reverse stock splits for companies in like circumstances has varied. Some
investors may have a negative view of a reverse stock split. Even if the reverse stock split has a positive effect on the market price
for shares of our common stock, performance of our business and financial results, general economic conditions and the market perception
of our business, and other adverse factors which may not be in our control could lead to a decrease in the price of our common stock
following the reverse stock split.

even if the reverse stock split does result in an increased market price per share of our common stock, the market price per share following
the reverse stock split may not increase in proportion to the reduction of the number of shares of our common stock outstanding before
the implementation of the reverse stock split. Accordingly, even with an increased market price per share, the total market capitalization
of shares of our common stock after a reverse stock split could be lower than the total market capitalization before the reverse stock
split. Also, even if there is an initial increase in the market price per share of our common stock after a reverse stock split, the
market price may not remain at that level.

 If
the market price of shares of our common stock declines following the reverse stock split, the percentage decline as an absolute number
and as a percentage of our overall market capitalization may be greater than would occur in the absence of the reverse stock split due
to decreased liquidity in the market for our common stock. Accordingly, the total market capitalization of our common stock following
the reverse stock split could be lower than the total market capitalization before the reverse stock split.

 If
we are delisted from the Nasdaq Capital Market, trading in our securities may be conducted, if available, on the OTC Markets or, if available,
via another market. In the event of such delisting, our stockholders would likely find it significantly more difficult to dispose of,
or to obtain accurate quotations as to the value of our securities, and our ability to raise future capital through the sale of our securities
could be severely limited. In addition, if our securities were delisted from the Nasdaq, our common stock could be considered a "penny
stock" under the U.S. federal securities laws. Additional regulatory requirements apply to trading by broker-dealers of penny stocks
that could result in the loss of an effective trading market for our securities.

 The
market price of our common stock may be highly volatile.

 The
market price of our common stock is likely to be volatile. Our common stock price could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to
a variety of factors, including the following:

 reports
 of adverse events with respect to the commercialization and distribution of our products;

 inability
 to obtain additional funding;

 any
 delay in filing a regulatory submission for any of our products and any adverse development or perceived adverse development with
 respect to the review of that regulatory submission by the EPA, the FDA or other regulatory authority;

 to successfully develop and commercialize our products;

 to enter into strategic collaborations;

 by our company or strategic collaboration partners to prosecute, maintain or enforce our intellectual property rights;

 changes
 in laws or regulations applicable to future products;

 inability
 to scale up our manufacturing capabilities through third-party manufacturers, inability to obtain adequate product supply for our
 products or the inability to do so at acceptable prices;

 introduction
 of new products or technologies by our competitors;

 to meet or exceed financial projections we may provide to the public;

 to meet or exceed the financial expectations of the investment community;

 announcements
 of significant acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments by our competitors;

 disputes
 or other developments relating to proprietary rights, including patents, litigation matters and our ability to obtain patent protection
 for our platform technologies, technologies, products or product candidates;

 additions
 or departures of key scientific or management personnel;

 significant
 lawsuits, including patent or stockholder litigation;

 changes
 in the market valuations of similar companies;

 sales
 of our securities by us or our stockholders in the future; and

 trading
 volumes of our securities.

 In
addition, companies trading in the stock market have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated
or disproportionate to the operating performance of these companies. Broad market and industry factors may negatively affect the market
price of our common stock, regardless of our actual operating performance.

 Sales
of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market by our existing stockholders could cause our share price to
fall.

 Sales
of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market, or the perception that these sales might occur, could depress
the market price of our common stock and could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities.
We are unable to predict the effect that sales may have on the prevailing market price of our common stock.

 Nevada
law and provisions in our articles of incorporation and bylaws could make a merger, tender offer or proxy contest difficult, thereby
depressing the market price of our common stock.

 Our
status as a Nevada corporation and the anti-takeover provisions of the Nevada Revised Statutes may discourage, delay or prevent a change
in control by prohibiting us from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years after
the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, even if a change of control would be beneficial to
our existing stockholders. In addition, our articles of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that may make the acquisition of
our company more difficult, including the following:

 our
 stockholders will only be able to take action at a meeting of stockholders and will not be able to take action by written consent
 for any matter;

 our
 board of directors is classified into three classes of directors with staggered three-year terms;

 a
 special meeting of our stockholders may only be called by a majority of our board of directors;

 advance
 notice procedures apply for stockholders to nominate candidates for election as directors or to bring matters before an annual meeting
 of stockholders; and

 certain
 litigation against us can only be brought in Nevada.

 These
provisions, alone or together, could discourage, delay or prevent a transaction involving a change in control of our company. These provisions
could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for stockholders to elect directors of their choosing and to cause us
to take other corporate actions they desire, any of which, under certain circumstances, could limit the opportunity for our stockholders
to receive a premium for their shares of our common stock, and could also affect the price that some investors are willing to pay for
our common stock.

 We
may be subject to securities litigation, which is expensive and could divert management attention.

 In
the past, companies that have experienced volatility in the market price of their stock have been subject to securities class action
litigation. We may be the target of this type of litigation in the future. Litigation of this type could result in substantial costs
and diversion of management's attention and resources, which could seriously hurt our business. Any adverse determination in litigation
could also subject us to significant liabilities.

 If
securities or industry analysts do not publish or cease publishing research or reports about us, our business or our market, or if they
adversely change their recommendations or publish negative reports regarding our business or our common stock, our stock price and trading
volume could decline.

 The
trading market for our common stock will be influenced by the research and reports that industry or securities analysts may publish about
us, our business, our market or our competitors. We do not have any control over these analysts and we cannot provide any assurance that
analysts will cover us or provide favorable coverage. If any of the analysts who may cover us adversely change their recommendation regarding
our shares, or provide more favorable relative recommendations about our competitors, our stock price would likely decline. If any analysts
who may cover us were to cease coverage of our company or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial
markets, which in turn could cause our stock price or trading volume to decline.

 We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends
in the foreseeable future.

 We have never declared or
paid cash dividends, and we do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Therefore, you should not rely on an
investment in our common stock as a source for any future dividend income. Our board of directors has complete discretion as to
whether to distribute dividends. Even if our board of directors decides to declare and pay cash dividends, the timing, amount and
form of future dividends, if any, will depend on our future results of operations and cash flow, our capital requirements and
surplus, the amount of distributions, if any, received by us from our subsidiary, our financial condition, contractual restrictions
and other factors deemed relevant by our board of directors.

 We
may need additional capital, and the sale of additional shares or equity or debt securities could result in additional dilution to our
stockholders.

 We
may require additional cash resources due to changed business conditions or other future developments, including adverse effects to our
business from global inflation and recession related issues. If these resources are insufficient to satisfy our cash requirements, we
may seek to sell additional equity or debt securities or obtain one or more credit facilities. The sale of additional equity securities
could result in additional dilution to our stockholders. The incurrence of indebtedness would result in increased debt service obligations
and could result in operating and financing covenants that would restrict our operations. It is uncertain whether financing will be available
in amounts or on terms acceptable to us, if at all.

 It
is not possible to predict the actual number of shares we will sell under the Purchase Agreement with the Investor, or the actual gross
proceeds resulting from those sales.

 On
December 22, 2023, we entered into the Purchase Agreement with the Investor pursuant to which the Investor has agreed to purchase up
to $20 million shares of common stock over the course of 36 months after the date of the Purchase Agreement. The price of shares to be
issued under the Purchase Agreement will be 94% of the lowest VWAP of our common stock for the three trading days immediately following
the delivery of each Advance notice by us. Each Advance is subject to a maximum amount equal to the greater of 100% of the Daily Traded
Amount (being the product obtained by multiplying the daily trading volume of our common stock as reported by Bloomberg L.P., by the
VWAP for such trading day) during the five trading days immediately preceding an Advance notice or $500,000 in common stock. With respect
to each Advance notice, if we notify the Investor of a minimum acceptable price with respect to such Advance, then if there is no VWAP
or if such price is below the minimum price indicated by us, there will be an automatic reduction to the amount of the Advance by one
third, and that day will be excluded from the pricing period.

 We
generally have the right to control the timing and amount of any sales of our common stock to the Investor under the Purchase Agreement.
Sales of our shares of common stock, if any, to the Investor under the Purchase Agreement will depend upon market conditions and other
factors to be determined by us. We may ultimately decide to sell to the Investor all, some or none of the shares of common stock that
may be available for us to sell to the Investor pursuant to the Purchase Agreement.

the purchase price per share to be paid by the Investor for the shares of common stock that we may elect to sell to the Investor under
the Purchase Agreement will fluctuate based on the market price of our shares of common stock at the time we elect to sell shares to
the Investor, it is not possible for us to predict prior to any such sales, the number of shares of common stock that we will sell to
the Investor under the Purchase Agreement, the purchase price per share that the Investor will pay for shares purchased from us under
the Purchase Agreement, or the aggregate gross proceeds that we will receive from those purchases by the Investor under the Purchase
Agreement.

 Investors
who buy shares at different times will likely pay different prices.

to the Purchase Agreement, we will have discretion, subject to market demand, to vary the timing, prices, and numbers of shares sold
to the Investor. If and when we do elect to sell our shares of common stock to the Investor pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, after
the Investor has acquired such shares, the Investor may resell all, some or none of such shares at any time or from time to time in its
discretion and at different prices. As a result, investors who purchase shares from the Investor at different times will likely pay different
prices for those shares, and thus may experience different levels of dilution and outcomes in their investment results. Investors may
experience a decline in the value of the shares they purchase from the Investor because of future sales made by us to the Investor at
prices lower than the prices such investors paid for their shares. In addition, if we sell a substantial number of shares to the Investor
under the Purchase Agreement, or if investors expect that we will do so, the actual sales of shares or the mere existence of our arrangement
with the Investor may make it more difficult for us to sell equity or equity-related securities in the future at a time and at a price
that we might otherwise wish to effect such sales.

Risk Factors

 Disruptions
to our information technology systems due to cyber-attacks or our failure to upgrade and adjust our information technology systems, may
materially impair our operations, hinder our growth and materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.

 We
believe that an appropriate information technology ("IT"), infrastructure is important in order to support our daily operations
and the growth of our business. If we experience difficulties in implementing new or upgraded information systems or experience significant
system failures, or if we are unable to successfully modify our management information systems or respond to changes in our business
needs, we may not be able to effectively manage our business, and we may fail to meet our reporting obligations. Additionally, if our
current back-up storage arrangements and our disaster recovery plan are not operated as planned, we may not be able to effectively recover
our information system in the event of a crisis, which may materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.

 In
the current environment, there are numerous and evolving risks to cybersecurity and privacy, including criminal hackers, hacktivists,
state-sponsored intrusions, industrial espionage, employee malfeasance and human or technological error. High-profile security breaches
at other companies and in government agencies have increased in recent years, and security industry experts and government officials
have warned about the risks of hackers and cyber-attacks targeting businesses such as ours. Computer hackers and others routinely attempt
to breach the security of technology products, services and systems, and to fraudulently induce employees, customers, or others to disclose
information or unwittingly provide access to systems or data. Since the beginning of the war between Israel and Hamas which began on
October 7, 2023, Israeli and Israeli associated companies have become more frequently the target of cyberattacks. As such, the risk of
a cyberattack against our IT systems may become heightened. We can provide no assurance that our current IT system or any updates or
upgrades thereto and the current or future IT systems of our distributors use or may use in the future, are fully protected against third-party
intrusions, viruses, hacker attacks, information or data theft or other similar threats. Legislative or regulatory action in these areas
is also evolving, and we may be unable to adapt our IT systems or to manage the IT systems of third parties to accommodate these changes.
We have experienced and expect to continue to experience actual or attempted cyber-attacks on our IT networks. Although none of these
actual or attempted cyber-attacks has had a material adverse impact on our operations or financial condition, we cannot guarantee that
any such incidents will not have such an impact in the future.

 Failure
to comply with anti-bribery, anti-corruption and anti-money laundering laws could subject us to penalties and other adverse consequences.

 We
are subject to the FCPA and other anticorruption, anti-bribery and anti-money laundering laws in the jurisdictions in which we do business,
both domestically and abroad. These laws generally prohibit us and our employees from improperly influencing government officials or
commercial parties in order to obtain or retain business, direct business to any person or gain any advantage. The FCPA and other applicable
anti-bribery and anti-corruption laws also may hold us liable for acts of corruption and bribery committed by our third-party business
partners, representatives and agents. In addition, we leverage third parties to sell our products and conduct our business abroad. We
and our third-party business partners, representatives and agents may have direct or indirect interactions with officials and employees
of government agencies or state-owned or affiliated entities and we may be held liable for the corrupt or other illegal activities of
these third-party business partners and intermediaries, our employees, representatives, contractors, channel partners and agents, even
if we do not explicitly authorize such activities. These laws also require that we keep accurate books and records and maintain internal
controls and compliance procedures designed to prevent any such actions. While we have policies and procedures to address compliance
with such laws, we cannot assure you that our employees and agents will not take actions in violation of our policies or applicable law,
for which we may be ultimately held responsible and our exposure for violating these laws increases as our international presence is
established and as we increase sales and operations in foreign jurisdictions. Any violation of the FCPA or other applicable anti-bribery,
anti-corruption laws and anti-money laundering laws could result in whistleblower complaints, adverse media coverage, investigations,
imposition of significant legal fees, loss of export privileges, severe criminal or civil sanctions or suspension or debarment from U.S.
government contracts, substantial diversion of management's attention, a decline in the market price of our common stock or overall
adverse consequences to our reputation and business, all of which may have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial
condition.

 We
incur additional increased costs as a result of the listing of our common stock for trading on Nasdaq, and our management is required
to devote substantial time to new compliance initiatives and reporting requirements.

 As
a public company, we incur significant accounting, legal and other expenses as a result of the listing of our common stock on Nasdaq.
These include costs associated with corporate governance requirements of the Securities Exchange Commission, or the SEC, and the Marketplace
Rules of Nasdaq, as well as requirements under Section 404 and other provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act. These rules and regulations increase our legal and financial compliance costs, introduce costs such as investor relations, stock
exchange listing fees and stockholder reporting, and make some activities more time consuming and costly. Any future changes in the laws
and regulations affecting public companies in the United States, including Section 404 and other provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act,
the rules and regulations adopted by the SEC and the rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market may result in increased costs to our company as
we respond to such changes. These laws, rules and regulations could make it more difficult or more costly for us to obtain certain types
of insurance, including director and officer liability insurance, and we may be forced to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or
incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. The impact of these requirements could also make it more difficult
for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors, our board committees or as executive officers.

 We
face risks related to compliance with corporate governance laws and financial reporting standards.

 The
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as well as related rules and regulations implemented by the SEC and the Public Company Accounting Oversight
Board, require changes in the corporate governance practices and financial reporting standards for public companies. These laws, rules
and regulations, including compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 relating to internal control over financial
reporting, have materially increased the legal and financial compliance costs of small companies and have made some activities more time-consuming
and more burdensome.

 The
ongoing conflict in Ukraine may result in market volatility that could adversely affect our business.

 In
late February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine, significantly amplifying already existing geopolitical tensions among Russia and other countries
in the region and in the west, including the U.S. Russia's invasion, the responses of countries and political bodies to Russia's
actions, the larger overarching tensions, and Ukraine's military response and the potential for wider conflict may increase financial
market volatility and could have severe adverse effects on regional and global economic markets. The foregoing may adversely affect our
customers' ability to sell produce to Russia or other countries in the geographic vicinity.

 As a result of the invasion of
Ukraine, one of our collaborations with a packer in Turkey was halted due to the increased rates and negative impacts of the war on such
local packers. We cannot estimate the damage this may have on our business should the situation further evolve.

Russia's actions, various countries, including the U.S., Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany and France, as well as the European
Union, issued broad-ranging economic sanctions against Russia. Such sanctions included, among other things, a prohibition on doing business
with certain Russian companies, officials and oligarchs; a commitment by certain countries and the European Union to remove selected
Russian banks from the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunications electronic banking network that connects banks globally;
and restrictive measures to prevent the Russian Central Bank from undermining the impact of the sanctions. To date the ongoing conflict
has not affected our financial condition, yet the current sanctions (and potential further sanctions in response to continued Russian
military activity) and other actions may have adverse effects on regional and global economic markets, and may result in increased volatility
in the price of our common stock.

 If
we fail to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, we may be unable to report our financial results
accurately or meet our reporting obligations.

 The
process of determining whether our existing internal controls over financial reporting systems are compliant with Section 404(a) and
whether there are any material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our existing internal controls requires the investment of substantial
time and resources, including by our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and other members of our senior management and
finance team. This determination and any remedial actions required could divert internal resources and take a significant amount of time
and effort to complete and could result in our company incurring additional costs that we did not anticipate, including the hiring of
outside consultants. We could experience higher than anticipated operating expenses and higher independent auditor fees during and after
the implementation of these changes.

 Irrespective
of compliance with Section 404, any failure of our internal controls could have a material adverse effect on our stated results of operations
and harm our reputation. In connection with the issuance of our financial statements for each of the years ended December 31, 2019 and
2020, we identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting that we subsequently remediated. If we identify
future material weaknesses in our internal control of financial reporting, and if we are unable to implement any of the required changes
to our internal control over financial reporting effectively or efficiently or are required to do so earlier than anticipated, it could
adversely affect our operations, financial reporting and/or results of operations and could result in an adverse opinion on internal
controls from our management and, once we lose our emerging growth company status, our independent auditors. Further, if our internal
control over financial reporting is not effective, the reliability of our financial statements may be questioned, and our share price
may suffer.

 Item
1b. unresolved staff comments

 None.

 Item
1C. Cybersecurity

 The
Company engages a third-party provider to maintain our systems and management participates in the assessment to identify any risks from
cybersecurity threats. Our third-party provider monitors our firewall, network, system security and internal and external backups and
reports any issues to the Company.

 The
Company's Board, together with management, is engaged in our cybersecurity monitoring managed by our third-party provider and it
is constantly changing. Any issues are appropriately addressed timely.

 To
date, we have not experienced any cybersecurity incidents that materially affected our business strategy, results of operations or financial
condition.

 Item
2. properties

 Our
commercialization and manufacturing operations are currently conducted at Neve Yarak (Israel) where we lease approximately 230 square
meters of space to run our trials. The lease expired on August 31, 2023, and was extended for an additional one-year period. Our current
monthly rent payment is NIS 9,900 (approximately $2,750) which includes taxes.

 We
lease office space in Miami, Florida. We renewed our lease in December 2023 for one year until December 2024, with an option to renew
it for an additional one-year term. Our current monthly rent payment is $630 which includes taxes.

 item
3. legal proceedings

 There
are no pending legal proceedings to which the Company is a party or in which any director, officer or affiliate of the Company, any owner
of record or beneficially of more than 5% of any class of voting securities of the Company, or security holder is a party adverse to
the Company or has a material interest adverse to the Company. The Company's property is not the subject of any pending legal proceedings.

 item
4. mine safety disclosures.

 Not
applicable.

 part
II

 item
5. market for registrant's common equity, related stockholder matters and issuer purchases OF EQUITY SECURITIES

 Market
Information

 Our
common stock was traded on the Nasdaq Capital Market under the symbol "SVFD" until March 18, 2024. In connection with our
name change on March 19, 2024, our stock began trading under the symbol "NITO". The last reported sales price of our common
stock on Nasdaq on March 29, 2024, was $ 1.29 per share.

 Holders

 As
of March 29, 2024, there were 186 holders of record of our common stock.

 Dividend
Policy

 We
have never paid cash dividends on any of our capital stock, and we currently intend to retain our future earnings, if any, to fund the
development and growth of our business. We do not intend to pay cash dividends to holders of our common stock in
the foreseeable future.

 Securities
Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans

 We
have two equity compensation plans: the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan and the 2022 Share Incentive Plan. The following table provides information
regarding our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2023.

 Plan
 Category

 (a)

 Number of Securities to be Issued upon Exercise of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights

 (b)

 Weighted-average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights

 (c)

 Number of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans (Excluding Securities Reflected
 in Column (a))

 Equity compensation plans
 approved by security holders:

 2018 Plan

 $
 23.69

 12,995

 2022 Plan

 -

 -

 641,787

 Total equity compensation
 plans approved by stockholders

 $
 23.69

 654,782

 Equity compensation plans
 not approved by security holders

 -

 -

 -

 2018
Equity Incentive Plan

 The
2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2018 Plan") provides for the grant of incentive stock options to employees of our company,
including officers and directors, and non-statutory stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units,
performance units, performance shares and other stock or cash awards as the board of directors determine, to our employees, directors
and consultants. 12,995 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under the 2018 Plan.

 2022
Share Incentive Plan

 The
2022 Share Incentive Plan (the "2022 Plan") provides for the grant of incentive stock options and nonqualified stock options,
restricted shares of common stock, restricted stock units and other share-based awards to any employee, director, officer, consultant,
advisor and any other person or entity who provides services to our company or any parent, subsidiary, or affiliate. 641,787 shares
of common stock are reserved for issuance under the 2022 Plan.

 The
2022 Plan is currently administered by the board of directors. Subject to the provisions of the 2022 Plan, the board determines subject
to applicable law, awards granted thereunder, designates recipients of awards, determines and amends the terms of awards, including any
vesting schedule applicable to an award. The board also has the authority to amend and rescind rules and regulations relating to the
2022 Plan or terminate the 2022 Plan at any time before the date of expiration of its ten-year term.

 The
2022 Plan provides for granting awards under various tax regimes, including, without limitation, in compliance with Section 102 of the
Israeli Income Tax Ordinance (New Version), 5721-1961 (the "Ordinance"), and Section 3(i) of the Ordinance and for awards
granted to our United States employees or service providers, including those who are deemed to be residents of the United States for
tax purposes, Section 422 of the Code and Section 409A of the Code. Section 102 of the Ordinance allows employees, directors and officers
who are not controlling stockholders and are considered Israeli residents to receive favorable tax treatment for compensation in the
form of shares or options. Our non-employee service providers and controlling stockholders may only be granted options under section
3(i) of the Ordinance, which does not provide for similar tax benefits.

 Awards
granted under the 2022 Plan to U.S. residents may qualify as "incentive stock options" within the meaning of Section 422
of the Code. The exercise price for "incentive stock options" must not be less than the fair market value on the date on
which an option is granted, or 110% of the fair market value if the option holder holds more than 10% of our share capital. Notwithstanding
the foregoing provisions, options may be granted with a per share exercise price of less than 100% of the fair market value per share
on the date of grant pursuant to the issuance or assumption of an option in a transaction to which Section 424(a) of the Code applies
in a manner consistent with said Section 424(a).

 With
regards to tax withholding, exercise price and purchase price obligations arising in connection with awards under the 2022 Plan, the
board may, in its discretion, accept cash, provide for net withholding of shares in a cashless exercise mechanism or direct a securities
broker to sell shares and deliver all or a part of the proceeds to our company or the trustee.

 In
the event of termination of a grantee's employment or service with us or any of our affiliates, all vested and exercisable awards
held by such grantee as of the date of termination generally may be exercised within three months after such date of termination. After
such three-month period, all such unexercised awards will terminate and the shares covered by such awards shall again be available for
issuance under the 2022 Plan. In the event of termination of a grantee's employment or service with the company or any of its affiliates
due to such grantee's death, permanent disability or retirement, all vested and exercisable awards held by such grantee as of the
date of termination may be exercised by the grantee or the grantee's legal guardian, estate, or by a person who acquired the right
to exercise the award by bequest or inheritance, as applicable, within twelve months after such date of termination. Any awards which
are unvested as of the date of such termination or which are vested but not then exercised within the twelve months period following
such date, will terminate and the shares covered by such awards shall again be available for issuance under the 2022 Plan. Notwithstanding
any of the foregoing, if a grantee's employment or services with the company or any of its affiliates is terminated for "cause"
(as defined in the 2022 Plan), all outstanding awards held by such grantee (whether vested or unvested) will terminate on the date of
such termination and the shares covered by such awards shall again be available for issuance under the 2022 Plan.

 Other
than by will, the laws of descent and distribution or as otherwise provided under the 2022 Plan, neither the options nor any right in
connection with such options are assignable or transferable.

 In
the event of a share split, reverse share split, share dividend, recapitalization, combination or reclassification of our shares, or
any other increase or decrease in the number of issued shares effected without receipt of consideration by our company (but not including
the conversion of any convertible securities of our company), the board in its sole discretion shall make an appropriate adjustment in
the number of shares related to each outstanding award and to the number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2022 Plan, to the
class and kind of shares subject to the 2022 Plan, as well as the exercise price per share of each outstanding award, as applicable,
the terms and conditions concerning vesting and exercisability and the term and duration of outstanding awards, or any other terms that
the board adjusts in its discretion, or the type or class of security, asset or right underlying the award (which need not be only that
of our company, and may be that of the surviving corporation or any affiliate thereof or such other entity party to any of the above
transactions); provided that any fractional shares resulting from such adjustment shall be rounded down to the nearest whole share unless
otherwise determined by the administrator. In the event of a distribution of a cash dividend to all stockholders, the administrator may
determine, without the consent of any holder of an award, that the exercise price of an outstanding and unexercised award shall be reduced
by an amount equal to the per share gross dividend amount distributed by us, subject to applicable law.

 In
the event of a merger or consolidation of our company, or a sale of all, or substantially all, of our shares or assets or other transaction
having a similar effect on us, or change in the composition of the board of directors, or liquidation or dissolution, or such other transaction
or circumstances that the board of directors determines to be a relevant transaction, then without the consent of the grantee, the administrator
may but is not required to (i) cause any outstanding award to be assumed or substituted by such successor corporation, or (ii) regardless
of whether or not the successor corporation assumes or substitutes the award (a) provide the grantee with the option to exercise the
award as to all or part of the shares, and may provide for an acceleration of vesting of unvested awards, or (b) cancel the award and
pay in cash, shares of our company, the acquirer or other corporation which is a party to such transaction or other property as determined
by the administrator as fair in the circumstances. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the administrator may upon such event amend, modify
or terminate the terms of any award as it shall deem, in good faith, appropriate.

 On
July 31, 2023, our board of directors and on October 2, 2023, our stockholders approved an amendment to the 2022 Plan to increase the
number of shares of common stock authorized for issuance under the 2022 Plan by an additional 928,571 shares from 2,857,143 shares to
3,785,714 shares of our common stock.

 Recent
Sales of Unregistered Securities

 Except
as set forth below, there were no sales of common stock equity securities during the period covered by this Report that were not registered
under the Securities Act and were not previously reported in a Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or a Current Report on Form 8-K filed by
us.

 On
September 27, 2023, in connection with the Purchase Agreement with the Investor, we issued 26,224 shares of common stock as a commitment
fee to a subsidiary of the Investor.

 On
December 7, 2023, we issued 1,755 shares of common stock to a consultant for investor relations and public relations services provided
to our company pursuant to an agreement, dated November 23, 2023.

 On
December 21, 2023, we issued an aggregate of 369,124 shares of common stock to six consultants for services provided to us.

 On
December 21, 2023, we issued 57,142 shares of common stock to David Palach, our Chief Executive Officer, 28,571 shares of common stock
to Lital Barda, our Chief Financial Officer, 100,000 shares of common stock to Amitay Weiss, a director, and 14,500 shares of common
stock to each of Messrs. Arbib, Berenstein, Kalifi and Rosenbloom, members of the board of directors, for services provided to us.

 On
December 28, 2023, we issued 12,500 shares of common stock to the designee of a law firm for professional services rendered to our company
by such firm.

 The
issuances of the shares described above were exempt from registration under Section 4(a)(2) under the Securities Act, as transactions
by an issuer not involving any public offering.

 Issuer
Purchases of Equity Securities

the year ended December 31, 2023, we did not purchase any of our equity securities.

 Item
6. selected financial data

 [Reserved]

 item
7. management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations

 The
following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our financial
statements and the related notes appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report. In addition to historical information, the following discussion
contains forward-looking statements that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. See "Forward-looking Statements" for
a discussion of the uncertainties and assumptions associated with these statements. Our actual results may differ materially from those
discussed below.

 Overview

 We
develop eco-friendly "green" solutions for the food industry. Our solutions are developed to improve the food safety and
shelf life of fresh produce. We do this by controlling human and plant pathogens, thereby reducing spoilage, and in turn, reducing food
loss.

 We
operate through our two majority-owned Israeli subsidiaries, Save Foods Ltd., which focuses on post-harvest treatments in fruit and vegetables
to control and prevent pathogen contamination, significantly reduce the use of hazardous chemicals and prolong fresh produce's
shelf life, and NTWO OFF which offers a pioneering solution to mitigate N2O (nitrous oxide) emissions, a potent greenhouse gas with 265
times the global warming impact of carbon dioxide. Through NTWO OFF we aim to promote agricultural practices that are both environmentally
friendly and economically viable and to become a global leader in this field by collaborating with or acquiring other companies that
create innovative solutions and tools to solve other aspects of global warming's impact of carbon dioxide. In addition, we have
a 23% ownership in Plantify, a Canadian-based food tech company focused on the development and production of clean-label, plant-based
food products.

 Our
solutions are based on our proprietary blend of food acids combined with certain types of oxidizing agent-based sanitizers and in some
cases with fungicides at low concentrations. Our products have a synergistic effect when combined with these oxidizing agent-based sanitizers
and fungicides. Our "green" solutions are capable of cleaning, sanitizing, and controlling pathogens on fresh produce with
the goal of making them safer for human consumption and extending their shelf life by reducing their decay. One of the main advantages
of our products is that our ingredients do not leave any toxicological residues on the fresh produce we treat. In contrast, by forming
a temporary protective shield around the fresh produce we treat, our products make it difficult for pathogens to develop and potentially
provide protection which also reduces cross-contamination.

of Operations

and Cost of Revenues

 Our
total revenue consists of products and our cost of revenues consists of cost of products.

 The
following table discloses the breakdown of revenues and costs of revenues:

 Year

 2023

 2022

 Revenues from
 sale of products

 $

 $
 394,004

 Cost of sales

 (55,178
)

 (158,313
)

 Gross profit

 $
 208,267

 $
 235,691

Expenses

 Our
current operating expenses consist of three components - research and development expenses, selling and marketing expenses and general
and administrative expenses.

and Development Expenses, net

 Our
research and development expenses consist primarily of salaries and related personnel expenses, share base compensation, professional
fees and other related research and development expenses such as field tests.

 The
following table sets forth the breakdown of research and development expenses:

 Year

 2023

 2022

 Salaries and related

 $
 70,863

 $
 438,217

 Share based compensation

 -

 3,024

 Subcontractors

 138,478

 120,360

 Laboratory and field tests

 1,889

 89,717

 Depreciation

 12,961

 22,034

 IPR&D

 1,661,707

 -

 Other

 52,336

 97,474

 Total

 $
 1,938,234

 $
 770,826

 We
implemented certain cost reduction measures in 2023, including, the reduction of our research and development expenses, as we decided to focus on marketing and sales to try to materialize the efforts of our pilots conducted during 2022 and 2023.
Following our August 29, 2023 Exchange Agreement with Yaaran Investment Ltd. we recorded IPR&D costs associated with such
transaction, for further information, see Research and Development Expenses below.

and Marketing Expenses

and marketing expenses consist primarily of salaries and related expenses, share based compensation and other expenses.

 The
following table sets forth the breakdown of selling and marketing expenses:

 Year

 2023

 2022

 and related expenses

 $

 156,762

 $

 256,700

 Share
 based compensation

 -

 3,024

 Professional
 services

 31,211

 167,084

 Travel

 13,543

 52,721

 Other

 70,450

 88,069

 Total

 $

 271,966

 $

 567,598

 We
implemented certain cost reduction measures in 2023, including, the reduction of our selling and marketing expenses.

and Administrative Expenses

and administrative expenses consist primarily of professional services, share based compensation and other non-personnel related expenses.

 The
following table sets forth the breakdown of general and administrative expenses:

 Year

 2023

 2022

 Professional services

 $
 1,899,847

 $
 2,575,294

 Share based compensation

 2,562,259

 934,188

 Salaries and related expenses

 232,842

 297,848

 Legal expenses

 276,336

 108,814

 Insurance

 245,482

 473,650

 Registration fees

 261,622

 233,350

 Other

 97,455

 93,765

 Total

 $
 5,575,843

 $
 4,716,909

 Comparison
of the Year Ended December 31, 2023 to the Year Ended December 31, 2022

of Operations

 The
following table summarizes our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.:

 Year Ended December 31

 2023

 2022

 Revenues from sales of products

 $

 $
 394,004

 Cost of sales

 (55,178
)

 (158,313
)

 Gross profit

 208,267

 235,691

 Research and development expenses

 (1,938,234
)

 (770,826
)

 Selling and marketing expenses

 (271,966
)

 (567,598
)

 General and administrative expenses

 (5,575,843
)

 (4,716,909
)

 Operating loss

 (7,577,776
)

 (5,819,642
)

 Finance income, net

 46,511

 39,801

 Other income

 984,940

 -

 Changes in fair value of an investment in an associate measured under the fair value option

 (713,593
)

 -

 Net loss

 (7,259,918
)

 (5,779,841
)

 Less: Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests

 737,510

 40,241

 Net loss attributable to the Company's stockholders

 (6,522,408
)

 (5,739,600
)

 Loss per share (basic and diluted)

 (5.43
)

 (1.64
)

 Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding

 1,200,608

 3,498,273

for the year ended December 31, 2023 were $263,445, a decrease of $130,559, or 33%, compared to revenues of $394,004 for the year ended
December 31, 2022. The decrease is mainly a result of a decrease in our sales in Mexico and Israel.

 Cost
of Sales

 Cost
of sales consists primarily of salaries, materials, and overhead costs of manufacturing our products. Cost of sales for the year ended
December 31, 2023 was $55,178, a decrease of $103,135, or 65%, compared to total cost of sales of $158,313 for the year ended December
31, 2022. The decrease is mainly a result of a decrease in our revenues.

 Gross
Profit

 Gross
profit for the year ended December 31, 2023 was $208,267, a decrease of $27,424, or 12%, compared to gross profit of $235,691 for the year
ended December 31, 2022. The decrease is mainly a result of the decrease in revenues.

and Development Expenses

and development expenses consist of salaries and related expenses, share base compensation, consulting fees, service
providers' costs, related materials and overhead expenses. Research and development expenses for the year ended December 31,
2023 were $1,938,234, an increase of $1,167,408, or 151%, compared to research and development expenses of $770,826 for the year
ended December 31, 2022. The increase is mainly attributable to IPR&D costs associated with the issuance of 223,008 shares of
common stock to Yaaran Investment Ltd. resulted with an expense of $1,661,707, offset by a decrease in salaries and related expenses
and field tests costs and the implementation of certain cost reduction measures, in light of the prevailing macroeconomic conditions
and certain results of our operations. The cost reduction measures included the reduction of research and development activities as
our focus was primarily on the commercialization of our solutions with emphasis on converting recently completed pilots into paying
customers.

and Marketing Expenses

and marketing expenses consist primarily of salaries and related costs for selling and marketing personnel, travel related expenses and
services providers. Selling and marketing expenses for the year ended December 31, 2023 were $271,966, a decrease of $295,632, or 52%,
compared to selling and marketing expenses of $567,598 for the year ended December 31, 2022. The decrease is mainly attributable to the
decrease in salaries and related costs and other professional fees associated with our reduction in personnel following our cost reduction
measures.

and Administrative Expenses

and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and related expenses including share based compensation and other non-personnel
related expenses, including legal expenses and directors and officers insurance costs. General and administrative expenses for the year
ended December 31, 2023 were $ 5,575,843, an increase of $858,934, or 18%, compared to general and administrative expenses of $4,716,909
for the year ended December 31, 2022. The increase is mainly a result of the increase in share-based compensation to our employees and
service providers offset partially by a decrease in salaries and related expenses and professional services.

Income, Net

income, net for the year ended December 31, 2023 was $46,511, an increase of $6,710, or 17%, compared to financing income of $39,801
for the year ended December 31, 2022. The increase in financing income is mainly a result of an increase in interest on our cash balances
offset by a decrease in exchange rate differences.

 Total
net Loss

 As
a result of the foregoing, our total net loss for the year ended December 31, 2023 was $7,259,918, compared to $5,779,841 for
the year ended December 31, 2022, an increase of $1,480,077, or 26%.

 Critical
Accounting Policies and Estimates

 We
describe our significant accounting policies more fully in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this
Annual Report. We believe that the accounting policy described in Note 2 is critical in order to fully understand and evaluate our financial
condition and results of operations.

 We
prepare our financial statements in accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America ("GAAP").
At the time of the preparation of the financial statements, our management is required to use estimates, evaluations and assumptions
which affect the application of the accounting policy and the amounts reported for assets, obligations, income and expenses. Any estimates
and assumptions are continually reviewed. The changes to the accounting estimates are credited during the period in which the change
to the estimate is made.

 Stock-based
Compensation

 Employees
and other service providers of our company may receive benefits by way of stock-based compensation settled with company options exercised
for shares of our common stock. The cost of transactions with employees settled with capital instruments is measured based on the fair
value of the capital instruments on the granting date. The fair value is determined using an accepted options pricing model. The model
is based on share price, grant date and on assumptions regarding expected volatility and expected lifespan.

 The
cost of the transactions settled with capital instruments is recognized in profit or loss together with a corresponding increase in the
equity over the period in which the performance and/or service takes place, and ending on the date on which the relevant employees are
entitled to the benefits (the "Vesting Period"). The aggregate expense recognized for transactions settled with capital instruments
at the end of each reporting date and until the Vesting Period reflects the degree to which the Vesting Period has expired. The expense
or income in profit or loss reflects the change of the aggregate expense recognized as of the end of the reported period.

 Convertible Loan granted

 In
connection with the Securities Exchange Agreement, the Company and Plantify executed a debenture containing conversion feature and
debt component. The fair value of the conversion feature loan was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model using a
third-party appraiser. The fair value of the debt component of the debenture was estimated with the assistance of a third-party
appraiser by discounting the principal and interest at a discount rate of market interest for similar loans. We recorded equity
losses in respect of the conversion feature and debt component in the convertible loan.

 Liquidity
and Capital Resources

 Since
our inception through September 30, 2023, we have funded our operations, principally with the issuance of equity and debt.

 As
of December 31, 2023, we had cash of $4,447,003, as compared to $5,700,709 as of December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2023, we had a
working capital of $4,687,149, as compared to $5,557,595 as of December 31, 2022. The decrease in our cash balance is mainly attributable
to cash used in operations.

 On
April 5, 2023, we closed a securities exchange with Plantify (the " Securities Exchange "), pursuant to which we issued
166,340 shares of common stock representing 19.99% of our outstanding capital stock as of immediately prior to the closing (and 16.66%
of our outstanding capital stock as of immediately following the closing), and Plantify issued 30,004,349 common shares to us, representing
19.99% of Plantify's outstanding share capital as of immediately prior to the closing (and 16.66% of Plantify's outstanding
share capital immediately following the closing).

 In
connection with the Securities Exchange, we and Plantify executed a debenture pursuant to which we agreed to lend C$1,500,000 (approximately
US$1,124,000) to Plantify. The debenture accrues interest at a rate of 8% annually and is due and payable by Plantify on October 4, 2024.
Outstanding principal under the debenture may be converted, at our sole discretion, into common shares of Plantify at a price of C$0.05
per share until the first anniversary of the debenture's issuance and C$0.10 per share thereafter. Accrued interest under the debenture
may be converted at the market price of Plantify's common shares, subject to TSXV approval at the time of conversion. Plantify
executed a general security agreement in our favor and pledged to our company the shares of Plantify' subsidiary, Peas of Bean
Ltd.

 On
September 7, 2023, we purchased additional 55,004,349 common shares of Plantify at a price of C$0.01 per common share (US$404,890), in
a rights offering, resulting in an increase of approximately 7% in our company's aggregate ownership of the issued and outstanding
common shares of Plantify. Following the additional acquisition, we own 85,008,698 common shares of Plantify, representing approximately
23% of the current issued and outstanding common shares.

 The
table below presents our cash flows for the periods indicated:

 Year

 2023

 2022

 Net cash used
 in operating activities

 $
 (3,232,759
)

 $
 (5,097,126
)

 Net cash used in investing
 activities

 (1,519,560
)

 (51,689
)

 Net
 cash provided by financing activities

 3,472,712

 4,094,940

 Decrease
 in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash

 $
 (1,272,597
)

 $
 (1,056,841
)

Activities

 Net
cash used in operating activities was $3,232,759 for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to $5,097,126 for the year ended December
31, 2022. The decrease is mainly attributable to our net loss of $7,259,918, a decrease in accounts receivable offset by an increase
in non-cash expenses of share-based compensation and IPR&D.

 Investing
Activities

 Net
cash used in investing activities was $1,519,560 for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to net cash used in investing activities
of $51,689 for the year ended December 31, 2022. The increase is mainly attributable to the investment in Plantify in April and September
2023.

Activities

 Net
cash provided by financing activities was $3,472,712 for the year ended December 31, 2023, as compared to $4,094,940 for the year ended
December 31, 2022. The decrease is mainly the result of proceeds of $4,103,330 from our August 2022 underwritten offering compared to
proceeds of $3,472,712 from standby equity purchase agreements in each of October 2023 and December 2023.

 Financial
Arrangements

 On
August 18, 2022, we closed the August 2022 Underwritten Offering pursuant to which we issued a total of 228,572 shares of common stock
at a public offering price of $21.00 per share. In connection with the August 2022 Underwritten Offering, we agreed to grant the underwriter
a 45-day option to purchase up to 34,286 additional shares of common stock at the public offering price of $21.00 per share, less the
underwriting discounts and commissions solely to cover over-allotments, and to issue ThinkEquity LLC, as representative ( the "Representative")
a five-year warrant to purchase up to 11,429 shares of common stock, at a per share exercise price equal to 125% of the August 2022 Underwritten
Offering price per share of common stock. The gross proceeds from the August 2022 Underwritten Offering were approximately $4,800,000.

 On
July 23, 2023, we entered into a purchase agreement with YA II PN, Ltd. (the "Investor"), pursuant to which the Investor
agreed to purchase up to $3,500,000 of common stock, for 40 months from the date of the purchase agreement. The price of the shares to
be issued under the Purchase Agreement will be 94% of the lowest volume-weighted average price of the common stock for the three days
prior to the delivery of each of our advance notices subject to certain limitations, including that (i) the Investor cannot purchase
a number of shares that would result in it beneficially owning more than 4.99% of our outstanding shares of common stock. We may request
the Investor to advance up to $700,000 of the $3,500,000 commitment amount, with such advances to be evidenced by a promissory note.
We cannot request any such advances after January 31, 2024.

 On
December 22, 2023, we entered into the Purchase Agreement with the Investor, pursuant to which the Investor has agreed to purchase
up to $20 million of the common stock over the course of 36 months from the date of the Purchase Agreement. The price of shares to
be issued under the Purchase Agreement will be 94% of the lowest VWAP of our common stock for the three trading days immediately
following the delivery of each Advance notice by us. The Purchase Agreement will terminate automatically on the earlier of December
22, 2027, or when the Investor has purchased an aggregate of $20 million of our shares of common stock. We have the right to
terminate the Purchase Agreement upon five trading days' prior written notice to the Investor. As of March 29, 2024, we have
sold the Investor 28,333 shares of common stock at an average purchase price of $1.50.

 In
connection with and subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement, upon our request, the Investor
pre-advanced to us up to $3,000,000 of the $20,000,000 commitment amount (a "Pre-Advance"), with each Pre-Advance to be evidenced
by a promissory note (each, a "Note"). The Pre-Advance made to
us will be subject to a 3% discount to the principal amount equal to each Note. Each Note accrues interest on the outstanding principal
balance at the rate of 8% per annum. The Company is required to pay, on a monthly basis, one tenth of the outstanding principal amount
of each Note, together with accrued and unpaid interest, either (i) in cash or (ii) by submitting an Advance notice pursuant to the Purchase
Agreement and selling the Investor shares, or any combination of (i) or (ii) as determined by us. The initial repayment is due 60 days
after the issuance of a Note, followed by subsequent payments due every 30 days after the previous payment. Unless otherwise agreed to
by the Investor, any funds received by us pursuant to the Purchase Agreement for the sale of shares will first be used to satisfy any
payments due under an outstanding Note.

 Going
Concern

 Since
our incorporation, we incurred losses from operations and net cash outflows from operating activities as disclosed in the consolidated
statements of operations and cash flows, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, we had an accumulated deficit of $29,360,235, and we expect
to incur losses for the foreseeable future. We have financed our operations mainly through fundraising from various investors and have
limited revenue from our products and therefore are dependent upon external sources to finance our operations. There can be no assurance
that we will succeed in obtaining the necessary financing to continue our operations. These factors raise substantial doubt about our
ability to continue as a going concern through at least twelve months from the report date.

 We
believe that our existing capital resources will be sufficient to support our operating plan through the end of the second quarter
of 2025.

; however, there can be no assurance of this. We will likely seek to raise additional capital to support our growth or other strategic
initiatives through the issuance of debt, equity, or a combination thereof. There can be no assurance we will be successful in raising
additional capital on favorable terms, or at all.

 As
a result, there is substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. If we are unable to obtain sufficient amounts
of additional capital, we may be required to reduce the scope of our planned development, which could harm our business, financial condition
and operating results. If we obtain additional funds by selling any of our equity, the percentage ownership of our stockholders will
be reduced, stockholders may experience additional dilution, or the equity securities may have rights preferences or privileges senior
to the common stock. If we issue debt securities, there may be negative covenants which may restrict our company's activities.
If adequate funds are not available to our company when needed on satisfactory terms, we may be required to cease operating or otherwise
modify our business strategy. The financial statements included in this Annual Report do not include adjustments for measurement or presentation
of assets and liabilities, which may be required should we fail to operate as a going concern.

 Recent
Developments

 Reincorporation
in Nevada

 On
October 2, 2023, at our annual stockholder meeting, our stockholders approved our reincorporation from the State of Delaware to the State
of Nevada by a parent-subsidiary merger. On November 6, 2023, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "Merger Agreement")
with Save Foods, Inc., a newly formed Nevada corporation and its wholly owned subsidiary (the "Surviving Corporation"), pursuant
to which, on the same date, we, as parent in this transaction, merged with and into the Surviving Corporation (the "Reincorporation
Merger"). Upon the consummation of the Reincorporation Merger, we ceased our legal existence as a Delaware corporation, and the
Surviving Corporation continued our business as the surviving corporation in the Reincorporation Merger under the name "Save Foods,
Inc." succeeding all our rights, assets, liabilities and obligations, except that our affairs ceased to be governed by the Delaware
General Corporation Law and became subject to the Nevada Revised Statutes. The Reincorporation Merger became effective on The Nasdaq
Capital Market on November 10, 2023.

 Standby
Equity Purchase Agreement

 On
December 22, 2023, we entered into a Standby Equity Purchase Agreement (the "Purchase Agreement") with the YA II PN, Ltd.
(the "Investor"), pursuant to which the Investor agreed to purchase up to $20 million of our shares of common stock, par
value of $0.0001 per share, over the course of 36 months after the date of the Purchase Agreement. The price of shares to be issued under
the Purchase Agreement will be 94% of the lowest volume weighted average price (the "VWAP") of our common stock for the three
trading days immediately following the delivery of each Advance notice by us (the "Pricing Period"). Each issuance and sale
by us to the Investor under the Purchase Agreement (an "Advance") is subject to a maximum amount equal to the greater of
100% of the Daily Traded Amount (being the product obtained by multiplying the daily trading volume of our common stock, as reported
by Bloomberg L.P., by the VWAP for such trading day) during the five trading days immediately preceding an Advance notice or $500,000
in common stock.

 With
respect to each Advance, we have the option to notify the Investor of a minimum acceptable price ("MAP") by specifying the
amount within an Advance notice. During any trading day within a Pricing Period, two conditions will trigger an automatic reduction to
the amount of the Advance by one third: either (i) the VWAP of the common stock is below the MAP specified in the Advance notice, or
(ii) when no VWAP is available (each such day, an "Excluded Day"). On each Excluded Day, an automatic one third reduction
is applied to the specified Advance amount in the Advance notice and that day will be excluded from the Pricing Period.

 Each
Advance is subject to certain limitations, including that the Investor cannot purchase any shares that would result in it beneficially
owning more than 4.99% of our outstanding shares of common stock at the time of an Advance or acquiring more than 19.99% of our outstanding
shares of common stock as of the date of the Purchase Agreement (the "Exchange Cap"). The Exchange Cap will not apply under
certain circumstances, including, where we have obtained stockholder approval to issue in excess of the Exchange Cap in accordance with
the rules of Nasdaq or such issuances do not require stockholder approval under Nasdaq's "minimum price rule."

 The
Purchase Agreement will terminate automatically on the earlier of December 22, 2027, or when the Investor has purchased an aggregate
of $20 million of our shares of common stock. We have the right to terminate the Purchase Agreement upon five trading days' prior
written notice to the Investor. As of March 29, 2024, we have sold to the Investor 28,333 shares of common stock at an average
purchase price of $1.50.

 Subject
to the satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the Purchase Agreement, upon our request, the Investor will pre-advance us up
to $3,000,000 of the $20,000,000 commitment amount (a "Pre-Advance"), with each Pre-Advance to be evidenced by a promissory
note (each, a "Note"). We can request $1,500,000 (half of the amount of the Pre-Advance) at any time until the earlier of
(i) 120 days following December 22, 2023 and (ii) the effective date of the registration statement, and the balance can be requested
after the effectiveness of the registration statement until 60 days after such effectiveness, in each case subject to the satisfaction
of certain conditions as set forth in the Purchase Agreement. Each Pre-Advance made to us will be subject to a 3% discount on the principal
amount equal to each Note. Each Note accrues interest on the outstanding principal balance at the rate of 8% per annum. We are required
to pay, on a monthly basis, one tenth of the outstanding principal amount of each Note, together with accrued and unpaid interest, either
(i) in cash or (ii) by submitting an Advance notice pursuant to the Purchase Agreement and selling the Investor shares, or any combination
of (i) or (ii) as determined by us. The initial repayment is due 60 days after the issuance of a Note, followed by subsequent payments
due every 30 days after the previous payment. Unless otherwise agreed to by the Investor, any funds received by us pursuant to the Purchase
Agreement for the sale of shares will first be used to satisfy any payments due under an outstanding Note.

 We
paid a subsidiary of the Investor a structuring fee in the amount of $10,000 and issued the Investor 110,554 shares of common stock (the
"Commitment Shares") as a commitment fee. We and the Investor made certain representations and warranties to each other that
are customary for transactions similar to this one, subject to specified exceptions and qualifications, and agreed to indemnify the other.

 Board
Appointments

 On
November 12, 2023, Liat Sidi was appointed to the board of directors of our company to serve as a Class II director until our 2026 annual
meeting of stockholders.

 On
December 20, 2023, Asaf Itzhaik was appointed to the board of directors of our company to serve as a Class II director until our 2026
annual meeting of stockholders. Mr. Itzhaik was designated by Plantify as its representative on the board in accordance with the Securities
Exchange Agreement, dated March 31, 2023, between us and Plantify, to replace Dr. Roy Borochov who resigned from the board on December
15, 2023.

 Stockholders'
Meeting

 At
a special meeting of our stockholders held on February 8, 2024, our stockholders approved (i) a name change of our company to N2OFF,
Inc. which our board of directors believes may better reflect future business expansion, including solutions to mitigate N20 emissions;
and (ii) the issuance of 20% or more of our shares of common stock pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement with the Investor
as required by Nasdaq Marketplace Rule 5635(d). Our name change to N2OFF, Inc. and our symbol change to NITO, became effective
as of March 19, 2024.

 Other
Developments

 On
February 21, 2024, we received approval from The Registrar of Companies in Israel to change the name of our subsidiary, Nitrousink Ltd.,
to NTWO OFF Ltd.

 item
7a. quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk

 As
a smaller reporting company, we are not required to provide the information required by this item.

 item
8. financial statements and supplementary data

 The
information for this Item 8 is included following the "Index to Financial Statements" on page F-1 of this Annual Report.

 item
9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

 None.

 item
9a. controls and Procedures

 Evaluation
of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 Disclosure
controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our
reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in
the SEC's rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to
ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated
to management, including each of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, or persons performing similar functions, as
appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e)
and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of December 31, 2023. Based on such evaluation, each of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief
Financial Officer have concluded that, as of December 31, 2023, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

 Management's
Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 Our
management, under the supervision of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, is responsible for establishing and maintaining
adequate internal control over financial reporting (as that term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act).
Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP and includes those policies
and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions
and dispositions of the assets of our company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit
preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of our company are being
made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention
or timely detection of the unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our company's assets that could have a material effect
on the consolidated financial statements.

of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of
any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risks that controls may become inadequate because of changes in
conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 Our
management, under the supervision of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, is responsible for establishing and maintaining
adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act.

 Our
management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over
financial reporting as of December 31, 2023. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated
Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Our management has concluded, based
on its assessment, that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2023.

 Attestation
Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm

 This
Annual Report does not include an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm regarding our internal control over financial
reporting. Management's report was not subject to attestation by our registered public accounting firm pursuant to rules of the
SEC that exempt smaller reporting companies from this requirement.

in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 There
were no changes in internal control over financial reporting during our fourth quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably
likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 Item
9b. Other information

 None.

 Item
9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS

 Not
applicable.

 part
iii

 Item
10. Directors, Executive Officers and corporate governance

 The
following table sets forth information regarding our executive officers, key employees and directors as of the date hereof:

 Directors
and Executive Officers

 Name

 Age

 Position

 Amitay
 Weiss (1) (6)

 Chairman
 of the Board of Directors

 David
 Palach

 Chief
 Executive Officer

 Lital
 Barda

 Chief
 Financial Officer

 Ronen
 Rosenbloom (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

 Berenstein (1) (2) (4) (5)

 Eliahou
 Arbib (1) (2) (3) (4) (7)

 Udi
 Kalifi (1) (3) (7)

 Liat
 Sidi (1)(6)

 Asaf
 Itzhaik (1)(6)

 (1)

 Independent

 (2)

 of the Compensation Committee

 (3)

 of the Audit Committee

 (4)

 of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee.

 (5)

 of Class I with a term ending at the 2025 annual meeting of stockholders.

 (6)

 of Class II with a term ending at the 2026 annual meeting of stockholders.

 (7)

 of Class III with a term ending at 2024 annual meeting of stockholders.

 Amitay
Weiss, Director

 Mr.
Weiss has served as a member of our board of directors since August 2020 and as our chairman of the board of directors since May
24, 2021. Mr. Weiss also serves as a director in other public companies, including but not limited to Gix Internet Ltd., Arazim Investments
Ltd., Maris-Tech Ltd. and Upsellon Brands Holdings Ltd. Mr Weiss also serves as Chairman of the Board for Automax Motors Ltd., Clearmind
Medicine Inc., SciSparc Ltd. and Internet Golden Lines Ltd. amongst others. In April 2016, Mr. Weiss founded Amitay Weiss Management
Ltd., an economic consulting company and serves as its chief executive officer. Mr. Weiss holds a B.A in economics from New England College,
an M.B.A. in business administration from Ono Academic College in Israel, an Israeli branch of University of Manchester and an LL.B.
from the Ono Academic College. We believe that Mr. Weiss is qualified to serve on our board of directors because of his diverse business, management
and leadership experience.

 David
Palach, Chief Executive Officer

 Mr.
Palach has served as our chief executive officer since January 2021. Mr. Palach has owned and served as chief executive officer of
S.T. Sporting LTD and Sun Light Lightning Solutions LTD, companies operating in the environmental industry since 2009 and 2015, respectively.
Mr. Palach holds a BBA in accounting from Baruch College/City University of New York and completed a Directors Course at Bar Ilan University
in Israel. Mr. Palach previously maintained a certified public accounting license in the State of Maryland.

 Lital
Barda, Chief Financial Officer

 Lital
Barda has served as our chief financial officer since April 2022. In addition to her role as chief financial officer, Ms. Barda currently
serves as an accountant and financial controller for Shlomo Zakai, CPA, a position she has held since November 2017, and provided a wide
range of accounting and controlling services for publicly traded and private companies, including for us. Ms. Barda holds a B.A. in accounting
from the Ono Academic College in Kiryat Ono, Israel. Ms. Barda is also a certified public accountant in Israel.

 Ronen
Rosenbloom, Director

 Mr.
Rosenbloom has served as a member of our board of directors since August 2020. Mr. Rosenbloom is an independent lawyer and has been
working for a self-owned law firm specializing in white collar offences since 2004. Mr. Rosenbloom has served on the board of directors
of Medigus Ltd. (Nasdaq and TASE: MDGS) since September 2018 and ScoutCam Inc. (OTC: SCTC) since December 2019. Prior to that, Mr. Rosenbloom
served as chairman of the Israeli Money Laundering Prohibition committee and the Prohibition of Money Laundering Committee of the Tel
Aviv District, both of the Israel Bar Association from November 2015 to December 2019. Mr. Rosenbloom holds an LL.B. from the Ono Academic
College, an Israeli branch of University of Manchester. We believe that Mr. Rosenbloom is qualified to serve on our board of directors because of his business experience
and expertise and background with regard to legal matters.

Berenstein, Director

 Mr. Berenstein has served
as a member of our board of directors since August 2020. Mr. Berenstein also serves on the board of directors of Plantify Foods, Inc.
(TSXV: PTFY) and has also served on the board of directors of Upsellon Brands Holdings Ltd. (TASE: UPSL) and Jeffs' Brands Ltd.
(Nasdaq: JFBR). Since January 2023, Mr. Berenstein has worked as a self-employed attorney. Mr. Berenstein previously worked as an attorney
with Ben Yakov, Shvimer, Dolv - Law Office from May 2019 to December 2022. Prior thereto, Mr. Berenstein worked in the legal department
of Sonol Israel Ltd. from April 2010 to December 2020. Before that, Mr. Berenstein worked as a commercial lawyer and litigator for a leading
Israeli law firm from July 2000 to April 2010. Mr. Berenstein earned an LL.B. in law and an M.A. in political science from Bar Ilan University,
Israel. Mr. Berenstein was admitted to the Israel Bar Association in 2000. We believe that Mr. Berenstein is qualified to serve on our
board of directors due to his extensive legal experience.

 Eliahou
Arbib, Director

 Mr.
Arbib has served as a member of our board of directors since January 2021. Mr. Arbib has also served as chairman of the board of
directors of Chiron Refineries Ltd. (TASE: CHR) since September 2016. He is also the current owner and manager of Eliahou Arbib Law
Offices, since May 2013. Prior to that, from 1993 until 2000, Mr. Arbib was the managing director of AA Arbib Agriculture Supply
Ltd. Mr. Arbib holds an LL.B from the Law and Business Academic Center of Ramat Gan, Israel. Mr. Arbib has been an active member of
the Israeli Bar Association since 2013 and served as deputy chairman of the Security and Defense Committee of the Israeli Bar
Association since 2014. We believe Mr. Arbib is qualified to serve on our board of directors because of his legal expertise as well as experience
in the field of agriculture.

 Udi
Kalifi, Director

 Mr.
Kalifi has served as a member of our board of directors since May 2021. Mr. Kalifi has been the owner and manager of Udi Kalifi
Law Offices since 2006. He has also served as a member of the board of directors of Matomi Media Group Ltd. (TASE: MTMY) since May
2020. Mr. Kalifi holds an LLB, BSc in Accounting and LLM from the Tel Aviv University, Israel and a master's degree in law and
economics from the University of Bologna, Humbourg and Roterdam. Mr. Kalifi has been an active member of the Israeli Bar Association
since 2006. We believe Mr. Kalifi is qualified to serve on our board of directors due to his legal and finance experience.

 Liat
Sidi, Director

 Ms. Sidi
has served as a member of our board of directors since November 12, 2023. Ms. Sidi has served as manager of the accounting
department for Foresight Autonomous Holdings Ltd. (Nasdaq and TASE: FRSX) since 2010. Additionally, since 2010, Ms. Sidi has served
as an accountant at Sidi Liat Accounting Services. Since August 2020, Ms. Sidi has served as a director of Plantify (TSXV: PTFY), a
minority-owned stockholder of our company, and Scisparc Ltd. (Nasdaq: SPRC) since June 2020. Ms. Sidi previously served as an
accountant for Panaxia Labs Israel Ltd. (TASE: PNAK) from 2015 to 2020 and as an accountant for Soho Real Estate Ltd. from 2015 to
2016. Ms. Sidi also served as an accountant for Feldman-Felco Ltd. from 2006 to 2010 and as an accountant for Eli Abraham Accounting
Firm from 2000 to 2006. Ms. Sidi completed tax, finance and accounting studies at the Ramat Gan College of Accounting. Ms. Sidi is a
certified public accountant in Israel. We believe Ms. Sidi is qualified to serve on our board of directors due to her extensive
finance experience and experience with publicly traded companies.

 Asaf
Itzhaik, Director

 Mr.
Itzhaik has served as a member of our board of directors since December 2023. Mr. Itzhaik has served as the chief executive
officer of A.K.A Optics Ltd., a manufacturer of adaptive optics, since 1994 and as a member of the board of directors of A.K.A
Optics Ltd. since 1998. Mr. Itzhaik has served as a director of Plantify since August 2023 (TSX: PTFY), as a director of
Jeffs' Brands Ltd. (Nasdaq: JFBR) from August 2022 until November 2023, as a director of Clearmind Medicine Inc. (Nasdaq:
CMND) since November 2022, as a director of Rani Zim Shopping Centers Ltd. (TASE: RANI) since August 2022, and as a director of Gix
Internet Ltd. (TASE: GIX) since August 2021. Mr. Itzhaik is a certified optometrist and graduated from a program in corporate board
leadership in Merkaz Hashilton Hamkomi, Israel. We believe Mr. Itzhaik is qualified to serve on our board of directors due to his
diverse business experience, which we believe will assist the Company in any future potential
merger and acquisitions activities.

 Family
Relationships

 There
are no family relationships among any of our directors or executive officers.

 Involvement
in Certain Legal Proceedings

 There
are no legal proceedings that have occurred within the past ten years concerning our directors, or control persons which involved a criminal,
conviction, a criminal proceeding, an administrative or, or civil proceeding limiting one's participation in the securities or
banking industries, or a finding of securities or commodities law violations.

 Composition
of Board of Directors

 Our
board of directors consists of seven directors. When considering whether directors have the experience, qualifications, attributes or
skills, taken as a whole, to enable our board of directors to satisfy its oversight responsibilities effectively in light of our business
and structure, the board of directors focuses primarily on each person's background and experience as reflected in the information
discussed in each of the directors' individual biographies set forth above. We believe that our directors provide an appropriate
mix of experience and skills relevant to the size and nature of our business.

 Arrangements
for Election of Directors and Members of Management

to the Securities Exchange, Plantify is entitled to designate a director to our board of directors.

 There
are no other arrangements or understandings pursuant to which any of our executive officers or directors were selected.

Independence

 Our
board of directors has determined that Ronen Rosenbloom, Israel Berenstein, Amitay Weiss, Eliahou Arbib, Udi Kalifi, Asaf Itzhaik and
Liat Sidi do not have a relationship that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities
of a director and that each of these directors is "independent" as that term is defined under the rules of The Nasdaq Stock
Market LLC.

 Committees
of the Board of Directors

 Our
board of directors directs the management of our business and affairs, as provided by Nevada law, and conducts its business through meetings
of the board of directors and standing committees. We have established three committees under the board of directors: an audit committee,
nominating and corporate governance committee and compensation committee. We have adopted a charter for each of the three committees.
Each committee's members and functions are described below.

 Audit
Committee

 Our
audit committee is responsible for, among other things:

 appointing,
 compensating, retaining, evaluating, terminating and overseeing our independent registered public accounting firm;

 discussing
 with our independent registered public accounting firm their independence from management;

 with our independent registered public accounting firm the scope and results of their audit;

 approving
 all audit and permissible non-audit services to be performed by our independent registered public accounting firm;

 the financial reporting process and discussing with management and our independent registered public accounting firm the quarterly
 and annual consolidated financial statements that we file with the SEC;

 our financial and accounting controls and compliance with legal and regulatory requirements;

 our policies on risk assessment and risk management;

 related person transactions;

 establishing
 procedures for the confidential anonymous submission of concerns regarding questionable accounting, internal controls or auditing
 matters; and

 the cybersecurity committee.

 Our
audit committee consists of Udi Kalifi, Eliahou Arbib and Ronen Rosenbloom, with Udi Kalifi serving as chair. Each member of our audit
committee meets the financial literacy requirements of Nasdaq listing standards. In addition, our board of directors has determined that
Udi Kalifi will qualify as an "audit committee financial expert," as such term is defined in Item 407(d)(5) of Regulation
S-K. Our board of directors adopted a written charter for the audit committee, which is available on our website at www.n2off.net.

 Nominating
and Corporate Governance Committee

 Our
nominating and corporate governance committee is responsible for, among other things:

 identifying
 individuals qualified to become members of our board of directors, consistent with criteria approved by our board of directors;

 our succession plan for the CEO and other executive officers;

 the evaluation of the effectiveness of our board of directors and its committees; and

 developing
 and recommending to our board of directors a set of corporate governance guidelines.

 Our
nominating and corporate governance committee consists of Ronen Rosenbloom, Israel Berenstein and Eliahou Arbib, with Ronen Rosenbloom
serving as chair. Our board of directors adopted a written charter for the nominating and corporate governance committee, which is available
on our website at www.n2off.net.

 Compensation
Committee

 Our
compensation committee is responsible for, among other things:

 and approving the compensation of our chief executive officer and other executive officers;

 and making recommendations to the board of directors regarding director compensation; and

 appointing
 and overseeing any compensation consultants.

 Our
compensation committee consists of Ronen Rosenbloom, Israel Berenstein and Eliahou Arbib, with Israel Berenstein serving as chair.
Our board has determined that Ronen Rosenbloom, Israel Berenstein and Eliahou Arbib meet the definition of "independent director"
for purposes of serving on the compensation committee under Nasdaq Rules, including the heightened independence standards for members
of a compensation committee, and are "non-employee directors" as defined in Rule 16b-3 of the Exchange Act. Our board of
directors adopted a written charter for the compensation committee, which is available on our website at www.n2off.net.

 Risk
Oversight

 Our
board of directors is responsible for overseeing our risk management process. Our board of directors focuses on our general risk management
strategy, the most significant risks facing us, and oversees the implementation of risk mitigation strategies by management. Our audit
committee is also responsible for discussing our policies with respect to risk assessment and risk management. Our board of directors
believes its administration of its risk oversight function has not negatively affected our board of directors' leadership structure.

 Delinquent
Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance

 Section
16(a) of the Exchange Act requires our directors and executive officers, and persons who own more than 10% of a registered class of
our equity securities ("Reporting Persons"), to file reports of ownership of changes in ownership with the SEC. Based
solely upon a review of copies of such reports and representations received from the Reporting Persons, we believe that during the
year ended December 31, 2023, the Reporting Persons timely filed all such reports, except that Udi Kalifi, a director, failed
to timely file a Form 4 to report the issuance of 14,500 shares of common stock under the 2022 Plan; Amitay Weiss, a director,
failed to timely file a Form 4 to report the issuance of 100,000 shares of common stock issued under the 2022 Plan; Israel
Berenstein, a director, failed to timely file a Form 4 to report the issuance of 14,500 shares of common stock issued under the 2022
Plan; Eliahou Arbib, a director, failed to timely file a Form 4 to report the issuance of 14,500 shares of common stock issued under
the 2022 Plan; David Palach, our Chief Executive Officer, failed to timely file a Form 4 to report the issuance of 57,142 shares of
common stock issued under the 2022 Plan; and Lital Barda, our Chief Financial Officer, failed to timely file a Form 4 to report
reporting the issuance 28,571 shares of common stock issued under the 2022 Plan.

 Code
of Ethics

 We
adopted a written code of ethics that applies to our directors, officers and employees, including our principal executive officer, principal
financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions. A copy of the code is posted
on our website, www.n2off.net. In addition, we post on our website all disclosures that are required by law or Nasdaq listing standards
concerning any amendments to, or waivers from, any provision of the code.

 Insider
Trading Policy

 Our
insider trading policy, which is filed as Exhibit 19.1 to this Annual Report governs the purchase, sale, trade, and other dispositions
of our securities by our officers, directors, related parties, and employees, to promote compliance with the insider trading laws, rules
and regulations, and applicable Nasdaq listing standards.

 Change
in Procedures for Recommending Directors

 There
have been no material changes to the procedures by which our stockholders may recommend nominees to our Board of Directors from those
procedures set forth in our Proxy Statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, filed with the SEC on August 15, 2023.

 item
11. Executive Compensation

 Clawback
Policy

the SEC's approval of Nasdaq's proposed clawback listing standards, under Rule 10D-1, which directed companies to adopt and
comply with a written clawback policy, to disclose and file the policy as an exhibit to its annual report, we adopted a clawback policy
on November 12, 2023, as filed as Exhibit 97.1 to this Annual Report.

 Summary
Compensation Table

 The
following table sets forth certain information concerning the compensation awarded to, earned by or paid to of our chief executive officer
and our other executive officer received annual remuneration in excess of $100,000 during 2023 (each a "Named Executive Officer").

 Name
 and principal position

 Fiscal
 Year

 Salary
 ($)

 Bonus
 ($)

 Stock
 awards ($)

 Option
 awards ($)

 All
 other compensation ($)

 Total
 ($)

 David Palach

 2023

 72,230

 15,000

 305,970
 (1)

 -

 -

 393,200

 Chief
 Executive Officer

 2022

 134,844

 -

 -

 -

 -

 134,844

 Lital Barda

 2023

 60,976

 7,500

 119,085
 (2)

 -

 -

 187,561

 Chief
 Financial Officer)

 2022

 63,244

 12,500

 -

 -

 -

 75,744

 (1)

 Represents
 42,858 shares and 57,142 shares of common stock at $4.742 per share and $1.795 per share issued on March 29, 2023 and December 30,
 2023, respectively.

 (2)

 Represents
 14,286 shares and 28,571 shares of common stock at $4.742 per share and $1.795 per share issued on March 29, 2023 and December 30,
 2023, respectively.

Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

 There
were no unexercised options, stock that has not vested or equity incentive plan awards for our Named Executive Officers outstanding
as of December 31, 2023.

 Consulting
Agreements with Executive Officers

 Consulting
Agreement with David Palach

 On
November 6, 2020, we entered into a consulting agreement with S.T Sporting (1996) Ltd., for the services of David Palach (the "CEO
Consulting Agreement"). Pursuant to the terms of the CEO Consulting Agreement, Mr. Palach provides our company services as chief
executive officer. Pursuant to the terms of the CEO Consulting Agreement, Mr. Palach was entitled to a monthly fee in the amount of $8,000
plus value added tax per month and a grant of options to purchase shares of our common stock, which amount will be determined by good
faith negotiations by the board of directors on a future date. On June 23, 2021, the board of directors approved the following compensation
for Mr. Palach: (i) a monthly fee of $14,000 plus value added tax; (ii) reimbursement of expenses not exceeding $500 per month; (iii)
a grant of an option to purchase shares of common stock representing 4.5% of our outstanding capital stock as of such
date; and (iv) the immediate repayment of $8,000, representing debt payable to Mr. Palach that accrued from November 2020 until April
2021. In lieu of such option, our board of directors approved the issuance of 42,858 shares of common stock to Mr. Palach in March 2023.
On August 29, 2022, the monthly fee was reduced to $6,000 and as of January 1, 2024, increased to $7,000 per month.

Consulting Agreement Lital Barda

 On
April 18, 2022, Save Foods Ltd., our operating subsidiary, entered into a consulting agreement with Shlomo Zakai CPA for, among other
things, chief financial officer services to be provided to Save Foods Ltd. exclusively by Lital Barda. for a monthly base salary of NIS
25,000. The agreement may be terminated by either party upon 30 day's written notice or by Save Foods Ltd. upon the occurrence
of certain events as set forth in the agreement.

Compensation

 Summary
Compensation Table

 The
following table sets forth the compensation we paid our non-executive directors during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.

 Name

 Fees
 earned or paid in cash ($)

 Option
 awards ($)

 All
 other compensation ($)

 Total
 ($)

 Amitay Weiss (1)

 129,870

 -

 179,500

 309,370

 Eliahou Arbib (2)

 45,936

 -

 26,028

 71,964

 Udi Kalifi (2)

 45,936

 -

 26,028

 71,964

 Israel Berenstein (2)

 45,936

 -

 26,028

 71,964

 Ronen Rosenbloom (2)

 45,936

 -

 26,028

 71,964

 Roy Borochov (3)

 37,824

 -

 -

 37,824

 Asaf Itzhaik (4)

 -

 -

 Liat Sidi (5)

 3,161

 -

 -

 3,161

 (1)

 Represents
 100,000 shares of common stock at $1.795 per share issued on December 20, 2023

 (2)

 Represents
 14,500 shares of common stock at $1.795 per share issued on December 20, 2023

 (3)

 Roy
 Borochov resigned as a director on December 15, 2023

 (4)

 Asaf
 Itzhaik was appointed as a director on December 20, 2023

 (5)

 Liat
 Sidi was appointed as a director on November 12, 2023

 Long-Term
Incentive Plans

 There
are no arrangements or plans in which we provide pension, retirement or similar benefits.

 Item
12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder matters

 Security
Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

 The
table below provides information regarding the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of March 29, 2024 of (i) each of our
current directors, (ii) each of the Named Executive Officers, (iii) all of our current directors and executive officers as a group, and
(iv) each person (or group of affiliated persons) known to us who owns more than 5% of our outstanding common stock.

 The
beneficial ownership of our common stock is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC. Under these rules, a person is deemed
to be a beneficial owner of a security if that person directly or indirectly has or shares voting power, which includes the power to
vote or to direct the voting of the security, or investment power, which includes the power to dispose of or to direct the disposition
of the security. The person is also deemed to be a beneficial owner of any security of which that person has a right to acquire beneficial
ownership within 60 days. Under the SEC rules, more than one person may be deemed to be a beneficial owner of the same securities, and
a person may be deemed to be a beneficial owner of securities as to which he or she may not have any pecuniary interest.

 The
percentage of shares of common stock beneficially owned is based on 2,988,617 shares of common stock outstanding as of March 29, 2024.

 Unless
otherwise indicated below, each person has sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares beneficially owned and the address
for each beneficial owner listed in the table below is c/o N2OFF, Inc., HaPardes 134 (Meshek Sander), Neve Yarak, Israel.

 Owner

 of Shares
 Beneficially Owned (1)

 Percentage

 Beneficially Owned (1)

 5% or
 more stockholders:

 Yaaran Investments
 Ltd. (1)

 223,008

 7.46
 %

 Plantify Foods, Inc. (2)

 166,340

 5.57
 %

 Directors

 Amitay Weiss

 100,000

 3.35
 %

 Eliahou Arbib

 14,500

 *

 Udi Kalifi

 18,546

 *

 Israel Berenstein

 14,500

 *

 Ronen Rosenbloom

 14,500

 *

 Liat Sidi

 -

 -

 Asaf Itzhaik

 -

 -

 Executive
 Officers

 David Palach

 100,000

 3.35
 %

 Lital Barda

 42,857

 1.43
 %

 All directors
 and executive officers as a group (9 persons)

 304,903

 10.20
 %

 *

 Less
 than 1%.

 (1)

 Shmuel
 Yannay, chief executive officer of Yaaran Investments Ltd. ("Yaaran") has sole voting and dispositive power over shares
 owned by Yaaran. The address of Yaaran is 7 Harsit Street, Sheary-Tikva, Israel.

 (2)

 Gabi
 Kabazo, chief financial officer of Plantify, has sole voting and dispositive power over shares owned by Plantify. The address of Plantify is 2264 East 11 th Avenue, Vancouver, V5N1Z6, British Columbia, Canada.

 Change
in Control

 We
are not aware of any arrangement that might result in a change in control in the future. We have no knowledge of any arrangements, including
any pledge by any person of our securities, the operation of which may at a subsequent date result in a change in our control.

 Item
13. Certain relationships and related transactions, and director independence

 Related
Party Transactions

 The
following is a description of transactions since January 1, 2022, to which we were a party or will be a party, in which the amount involved
exceeded or will exceed the lesser of $120,000 or 1% of the average of our total assets at year-end for the last three completed fiscal
years, and in which any of our directors, executive officers or holders of more than 5% of our outstanding capital stock, or any immediate
family member of, or person sharing the household with, any of these individuals or entities, had or will have a direct or indirect material
interest.

 Plantify
Transactions Securities Exchange

 On
April 5, 2023, we closed the Securities Exchange with Plantify, a greater than 5% stockholder of our Company, and were issued the Plantify
Debenture.

 On September 7, 2023, we signed
an agreement to purchase an additional 55,004,349 common shares of Plantify for $404,890, which were issued on September 18, 2023. As
a result, we currently own 23.13% of Plantify's issued and outstanding share capital.

 Asaf Itzhaik and Israel Berenstein
currently serve as members of the board of directors of our company and Plantify.

 Standby
Equity Purchase Agreement

 On
December 22, 2023, we entered into the Purchase Agreement with the Investor, a greater than 5% stockholder of our
Company.

Independence

 Our
board of directors has determined that Ronen Rosenbloom, Israel Berenstein, Amitay Weiss, Eliahou Arbib, Udi Kalifi, Liat Sidi and Asaf
Itzhaik do not have a relationship that would interfere with the exercise of independent judgment in carrying out the responsibilities
of a director and that each of these directors is "independent" as that term is defined under the rules of The Nasdaq Stock
Market LLC.

 Item
14. Principal accounting fees and services

 Audit
Fees

 The
following table sets forth the fees billed to our company for professional services rendered by Somekh Chaikin, a member firm of
KPMG International, who has served as our independent registered public accounting firm for fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 and
the year ended December 31, 2023.

 Services

 2023

 2022

 Audit
 fees (1)

 $

 224,000

 $

 197,000

 Audit
 related fees (2)

 -

 Tax
 fees (3)

 35,200

 36,000

 All
 other fees (4)

 -

 -

 Total
 fees

 $

 259,200

 $

 233,600

 (1)

 Audit
 fees consist of fees for professional services rendered for the audit of our annual financial statements.

 (2)

 Audit-related
 fees consist of fees billed for professional services that are reasonably related to the performance of the audit or review of our
 financial statements but are not reported under "Audit fees."

 (3)

 Tax
 fees consist of fees billed for professional services relating to tax compliance, tax planning and tax advice.

 (4)

 All
 other fees consist of fees billed for services not associated with audit or tax.

 Audit
Committee's Pre-Approval Practice

 Prior
to our engagement of our independent auditor, such engagement was approved by our board of directors. The services provided under this
engagement may include audit services, audit-related services, tax services and other services. Pre-approval is generally provided for
up to one year and any pre-approval is detailed as to the particular service or category of services and is generally subject to a specific
budget. Pursuant our requirements, the independent auditors and management are required to report to our board of directors at least
quarterly regarding the extent of services provided by the independent auditors in accordance with this pre-approval, and the fees for
the services performed to date. Our board of directors may also pre-approve particular services on a case-by-case basis. All audit-related
fees, tax fees and other fees incurred by us were approved by our board of directors.

 Pre-Approval
of Audit and Permissible Non-Audit Services

 Our
Audit Committee approves our audit and non-audit services. The auditors engaged for these services are required to provide and uphold
estimates for the cost of services to be rendered.

 Part
IV

 Item
15. exhibits, financial statement schedules

 Exhibit
 No.

 Exhibit
 Description

 3.1.1

 Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Registration Statement on Form 10 filed with the SEC on September 26, 2019)

 3.1.2

 Certificate of Amendment of the Certificate of Incorporation, effective as of June 12, 2019 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to our Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement on Form 10 filed with the SEC on December 11, 2019)

 3.1.3

 Certificate of Amendment of the Certificate of Incorporation of Save Foods, Inc., effective as of November 24, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1.3 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC on March 16, 2021)

 3.1.4

 Certificate of Amendment of the Certificate of Incorporation of Save Foods, Inc., dated February 23, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 25, 2021)

 3.1.5

 Amended
and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Save Foods, Inc., effective as of March 16, 2021 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1.1
to our Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed with the SEC on July 15, 2022)

 3.1.6

 Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Save Foods, Inc., effective as of October 5, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 5, 2023)

 3.1.7

 Articles of Incorporation of Save Foods, Inc., dated November 3, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 9, 2023)

 3.1.8

 Certificate of Amendment to Articles of Incorporation of Save Foods, Inc., effective as of March 15, 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 19, 2024)

 3.2.1

 Amended and Restated Bylaws of Save Foods, Inc. (incorporated by reference to exhibit 3.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 24, 2022)

 3.2.2

 Bylaws of Save Foods, Inc., adopted November 3, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 9, 2023)

 3.3.1

 Certificate of Merger filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, dated November 6, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 9, 2023)

 3.3.2

 Articles of Merger filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Nevada, dated November 6, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 9, 2023)

 4.1*

 Description of the Registrant's Securities

 4.2

 Form of Promissory Note from the Company to YA II PN Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 27, 2023)

 4.3

 CDN $1,500,000 Debenture, dated April 4, 2023, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on April 6, 2023)

 4.4

 Promissory Note issued by the Company to YA II PN Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 2, 2023)

 4.5

 Form of Promissory Note from the Company to YA II PN Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 26, 2023)

 10.1+

 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Registration Statement on Form 10 filed with the SEC on September 26, 2019)

 10.2+

 Services Agreement, dated October 10, 2018, by and between Pimi Agro Cleantech Ltd., Dan Sztybel and Dan Sztybel Consulting Group Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC on March 16, 2021)

 10.3+

 Services Agreement, dated January 15, 2019, by and between Pimi Agro Cleantech Ltd. and NSNC Consulting Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC on March 16, 2021)

 10.4+

 Addendum No. 1 to Services Agreement, dated March 28, 2019, by and between Pimi Agro Cleantech Ltd., Dan Sztybel and Dan Sztybel Consulting Group Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC on March 16, 2021)

 10.5

 Non-Exclusive Commission Agreement, dated September 22, 2020, by and among Save Foods, Inc. and Earthbound Technologies, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC on March 16, 2021)

 10.6

 Distribution Agreement, dated September 22, 2020, by and among Save Foods Ltd. and Safe-Pack Products Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC on March 16, 2021)

 10.7

 Securities Purchase Agreement, dated September 23, 2020, by and among Save Foods, Inc. and Medigus Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC on March 16, 2021)

 10.8+

 Consulting Agreement, dated November 6, 2020, by and between Save Foods, Inc. and S.T. Sporting (1996) Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the SEC on March 16, 2021)

 10.9

 Underwriting Agreement, between ThinkEquity LLC, a division of Fordham Financial Management, Inc., as representative of the several underwriters, and Save Foods, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 18, 2022)

 10.11+

 The Save Foods, Inc. 2022 Share Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 30, 2022)

 10.12

 Stock Exchange Agreement, by and among Save Foods, Inc., Save Foods Ltd., Yaaran Investments Ltd., and NewCo, Ltd., dated July 11, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 12, 2023)

 10.13

 First Amendment to Stock Exchange Agreement, dated July 24, 2023, by and among Save Foods, Inc., Save Foods Ltd., Yaaran Investments Ltd., and NewCo, Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on July 28, 2023)

 10.14

 Standby Equity Purchase Agreement, dated July 23, 2023, by and between Save Foods, Inc. and YA II PN, Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 27, 2023)

 10.15

 Securities Exchange Agreement, dated March 31, 2023, between Plantify Foods, Inc. and Save Foods, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K filed by Save Foods with the SEC on April 6, 2023)

 10.16

 Second Amendment to Stock Exchange Agreement, dated August 13, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to our Current Report on Form 8-K, filed with the SEC on August 16, 2023)

 10.17

 Agreement of Merger between Save Foods, Inc., a Delaware corporation and Save Foods, Inc., a Nevada corporation, dated November 6, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 9, 2023)

 10.18

 Standby Equity Purchase Agreement, dated December 22, 2023, between Save Foods, Inc. and YA II PN, Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on December 26, 2023)

 10.19*

 First Amendment to Save Foods, Inc. 2022 Share Incentive Plan

 19.1*

 Insider Trading Policy

 21.1*

 List of Subsidiaries

 23.1*

 Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 31.1*

 Section 302 Certification under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 of the Principal Executive Officer

 31.2*

 Section 302 Certification under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 of the Principal Financial Officer

 32.1**

 Section 906 Certification under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 of the Principal Executive Officer

 32.2**

 Section 906 Certification under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 of the Principal Financial Officer

 97.1*

 Clawback Policy

 101.INS

 101.SCH

 101.CAL

 101.DEF

 101.LAB

 101.PRE

 104*

 Cover

 *
Filed herewith

 **
Furnished herewith

 +
Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement

 ITEM
16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY

 None.

 SIGNATURES

to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed
on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 INC.

 By:

 /s/
 David Palach

 Name:

 David
 Palach

 Title:

 Chief
 Executive Officer

 Date:

 April

to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 Signature

 Title

 Date

 /s/
 David Palach

 Chief
 Executive Officer

 April

 David
 Palach

 (Principal
 Executive Officer)

 /s/
 Lital Barda

 Chief
 Financial Officer

 April

 Lital
 Barda

 (Principal
 Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)

 /s/
 Amitay Weiss

 Chairman
 of the Board

 April

 Amitay
 Weiss

 /s/
 Ronen Rosenbloom

 April

 Ronen
 Rosenbloom

 /s/
 Israel Berenstein

 April

 Berenstein

 /s/
 Udi Kalifi

 April

 Udi
 Kalifi

 /s/
 Eliahou Arbib

 April

 Eliahou
 Arbib

 /s/
 Liat Sidi

 April

 Liat
 Sidi

 /s/
 Asaf Itzhaik

 April

 Asaf
 Itzhaik

 N2OFF, INC. (FORMERLY SAVE FOODS, INC)

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 AS
OF DECEMBER 31, 2023

 F- 1

INC.

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 AS
OF DECEMBER 31, 2023

 TABLE
OF CONTENTS

 Page

 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 (Firm
 Name: Somekh Chaikin / PCAOB ID No. 1057 / Location: Tel Aviv, Israel)

 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS:

 Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022

 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022

 Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022

 – F-8

 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022

 – F-40

 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 F- 2

 REPORT
OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 TO
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND STOCKHOLDERS OF

INC. (FORMERLY SAVE FOODS, INC)

 Report
of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 To
the Stockholders and Board of Directors

N2OFF, Inc.:

 Opinion
on the Consolidated Financial Statements

 We
have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of N2OFF, Inc. and its subsidiaries (hereinafter – "the
Company") as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of comprehensive loss, changes in
stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2023, and the related
notes (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly,
in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations
and its cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2023 in conformity with U.S. generally accepted
accounting principles.

 Going
Concern

 The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. As discussed
in Note 1E to the consolidated financial statements, the Company has suffered recurring losses from operations and has a net capital
deficiency that raise substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Management's plans in regard to these
matters are also described in Note 1E. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the
outcome of this uncertainty.

 Basis
for Opinion

 These
consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion
on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB") and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with
the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

 We
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud.
The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part
of our audits, we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing
an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

 Our
audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether
due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence
regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles
used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements.
We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 Somekh
Chaikin

Firm of KPMG International

 We
have served as the Company's auditor since 2021.

 Tel
Aviv, Israel

 A pril 1, 2024

 F- 3

BALANCE SHEETS

 (U.S.
dollars except share and per share data)

 31,

 31,

 2023

 2022

 Assets

 Assets

 Cash
 and cash equivalents

 4,447,003

 5,700,709

 Restricted
 cash (Note 2D)

 31,171

 50,062

 Accounts
 receivable, net of allowance for doubtful account of $ 64,031 and $ 24,259 as of December
31, 2023 and 2022. respectively

 107,007

 192,597

 Inventories

 121,513

 81,706

 Prepaid

 719,389

 223,238

 Other
 current assets (Note 3)

 39,538

 24,132

 Total
 Current assets

 5,465,621

 6,272,444

 Right-of-use
 asset arising from operating leases (Note 9)

 56,568

 121,855

 Property
 and equipment, net (Note 4)

 66,581

 97,914

 Investment
 in nonconsolidated affiliate (Note 5)

 1,655,461

 -

 Total
 assets

 7,244,231

 6,492,213

 Liabilities
 and Stockholders' Equity

 Liabilities

 Accounts
 payable

 43,539

 127,484

 Other
 liabilities (Note 7)

 734,933

 587,365

 Total
 current liabilities

 778,472

 714,849

 Non
 current operating lease liabilities (Note 9)

 7,181

 40,023

 Total
 liabilities

 785,653

 754,872

 Stockholders'
 Equity (*) (Note 10)

 Common
 stock of $ 0.0001 par
 value each ("Common Stock"):
 495,000,000
 shares authorized as of December 31, 2023
 and 2022; issued and outstanding 2,955,490
 and 688,272
 shares as of December 31, 2023 and 2022,
 respectively. (*)

 Preferred
 stock of $ 0.0001 par value ("Preferred Stock"):
 5,000,000
 shares authorized as of December 31, 2023
 and 2022; issued and outstanding 0
 shares as of December 31, 2023 and 2022.
 (*)

 -

 -

 Additional
 paid-in capital (*)

 35,866,223

 28,710,412

 Foreign
 currency translation adjustments (*)

)

)

 Accumulated
 deficit (*)

 ( 29,360,235
)

 ( 22,837,827
)

 Total
 Company's stockholders' equity

 6,480,009

 5,846,379

 Non-controlling
 interest

 ( 21,431
)

 ( 109,038
)

 Total
 stockholders' equity

 6,458,578

 5,737,341

 Total
 liabilities and stockholders' equity

 7,244,231

 6,492,213

 (*)

 Adjusted to reflect one (1) for seven (7) reverse stock split
in October 2023 (see note 1B).

 The
accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

 F- 4

STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS

 (U.S.
dollars except share and per share data)

 2023

 2022

 Year
 ended

 2023

 2022

 from sales of products

 394,004

 Cost
 of sales (Note 13)

 ( 55,178
)

 ( 158,313
)

 Gross
 profit

 208,267

 235,691

 and development expenses (Note 14)

 ( 1,938,234
)

 ( 770,826
)

 and marketing expenses

 ( 271,966
)

 ( 567,598
)

 and administrative expenses (Note 15)

 ( 5,575,843
)

 ( 4,716,909
)

 loss

 ( 7,577,776
)

 ( 5,819,642
)

 income, net (Note 16)

 46,511

 39,801

 Other
 income (Note 10(21))

 984,940

 -

 in fair value of an investment in an associate measured under the fair value option (Note 5)

 ( 713,593
)

 -

 Net
 loss

 ( 7,259,918
)

 ( 5,779,841
)

 Less:
 Net loss attributable to non-controlling interests

 737,510

 40,241

 Net
 loss attributable to the Company's stockholders' equity

 ( 6,522,408
)

 ( 5,739,600
)

 Loss
 per share (basic and diluted) (Note 18) ( *)

 ( 5.43
)

 ( 10.85
)

 Basic
 and diluted weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding (Note 18) ( *)

 1,200,608

 528,776

 (*)

 Adjusted to reflect one (1) for seven (7) reverse stock split
in October 2023 (see note 1B).

 The
accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

 F- 5

 STATEMENTS
OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (*)

 (U.S.

 (*)

 of Shares

 Amount

 Additional

 paid-in capital

 Foreign
 currency translation adjustments

 Accumulated
 deficit

 Total
 Company's Stockholders' equity

 Non-controlling
 interest

 Total

 Stockholders'
 equity

 BALANCE
 AT DECEMBER 31, 2021

 429,953

 23,607,741

)

 ( 17,098,227
)

 6,483,282

 ( 70,671
)

 6,412,611

 CHANGES
 DURING THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2022:

 of shares, net of issuance costs of $ 696,670

 228,572

 4,103,307

 -

 -

 4,103,330

 -

 4,103,330

 of shares to employees and service providers

 29,747

 916,476

 -

 -

 916,479

 917,070

 Share
 based compensation to employees and directors

 -

 -

 82,888

 -

 -

 82,888

 1,283

 84,171

 Comprehensive
 loss for the year

 -

 -

 -

 -

 ( 5,739,600
)

 ( 5,739,600
)

 ( 40,241
)

 ( 5,779,841
)

 BALANCE
 AT DECEMBER 31, 2022

 688,272

 28,710,412

)

 ( 22,837,827
)

 5,846,379

 ( 109,038
)

 5,737,341

 Balance, value

 688,272

 28,710,412

)

 ( 22,837,827
)

 5,846,379

 ( 109,038
)

 5,737,341

 CHANGES
 DURING THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2023:

 of shares for Plantify exchange agreement (note 5)

 166,340

 826,688

 -

 -

 826,705

 -

 826,705

 of shares for Yaaran exchange agreement (note 6 and note 10(22))

 223,008

 997,002

 -

 -

 997,024

 664,683

 1,661,707

 of shares to employees and service providers

 990,092

 2,923,742

 -

 -

 2,923,841

 -

 2,923,841

 Share
 based compensation to employees and directors

 -

 -

 23,266

 -

 -

 23,266

 23,700

 of shares for standby equity purchase agreement I

 777,224

 2,290,850

 -

 -

 2,290,928

 -

 2,290,928

 of shares for standby equity purchase agreement II

 110,554

 254,263

 -

 -

 254,274

 -

 254,274

 Transactions
 with non- controlling interests (note 6)

 -

 -

 ( 160,000
)

 -

 -

 ( 160,000
)

 160,000

 -

 Comprehensive
 loss for the year

 -

 -

 -

 -

 ( 6,522,408
)

 ( 6,522,408
)

 ( 737,510
)

 ( 7,259,918
)

 BALANCE
 AT DECEMBER 31, 2023

 2,955,490

 35,866,223

)

 ( 29,360,235
)

 6,480,009

 ( 21,431
)

 6,458,578

 Balance, value

 2,955,490

 35,866,223

)

 ( 29,360,235
)

 6,480,009

 ( 21,431
)

 6,458,578

 (*)

 Adjusted to reflect one (1) for seven (7) reverse stock split
in October 2023 (see note 1B).

 The
accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

 F- 6

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 (U.S.

 2023

 2022

 Year
 ended

 2023

 2022

 CASH
 FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

 Loss
 for the year

 $
 ( 7,259,918
)

 $
 ( 5,779,841
)

 Adjustments
 required to reconcile net loss for the year to net cash used in operating activities:

 Depreciation

 20,838

 54,719

 Decrease
 in liability for employee rights upon retirement, net

 -

 ( 28,452
)

 of shares to employees and service providers

 2,477,544

 856,064

 IPR&D recorded in respect of purchase of NTWO OFF Ltd.

 1,661,707

 -

 Share
 based compensation to employees and directors

 23,700

 84,171

 Gain
 from sales of property and equipment

 ( 12,294
)

 -

 Gain
 from standby equity purchase agreement I

 ( 1,157,647
)

 -

 Change
 in fair value of investment in nonconsolidated affiliate

 713,593

 -

 Exchange
 rate differences on operating leases

 13,064

 ( 13,731
)

 Decrease (Increase) in accounts receivable, net

 85,590

 ( 19,967
)

 Increase
 in inventories

 ( 39,807
)

 ( 59,103
)

 Decrease
 in prepaid expenses and other current assets

 164,880

 39,888

 Decrease
 in accounts payable

 ( 90,954
)

 ( 116,580
)

 Increase
 (decrease) in other liabilities

 173,360

 ( 112,083
)

 Decrease in operating lease expense

 59,883

 66,647

 Change in operating lease liability

 ( 66,298

)

 ( 68,858

)

 Net
 cash used in operating activities

 ( 3,232,759
)

 ( 5,097,126
)

 CASH
 FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

 Investment
 in nonconsolidated affiliate

 ( 1,542,349
)

 -

 Proceeds
 from sales of property and equipment

 22,789

 -

 Purchase
 of property and equipment

 -

 ( 51,689
)

 Net
 cash used in investing activities

 ( 1,519,560
)

 ( 51,689
)

 CASH
 FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

 Proceeds from promissory note

 700,000

 Repayments
 of long-term loans from banking institutions and other

 ( 700,000

)

 ( 8,390
)

 Proceeds
 from standby equity purchase agreement, net

 3,472,712

 -

 Proceeds
 from shares issued for cash, net of issuance costs

 -

 4,103,330

 Net
 cash provided by financing activities

 3,472,712

 4,094,940

 Effect
 of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

 7,010

 ( 2,966
)

 DECREASE
 IN CASH, CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH

 ( 1,272,597
)

 ( 1,056,841
)

 CASH,
 CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH AT BEGINNING OF YEAR

 5,750,771

 6,807,612

 CASH,
 CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH AT END OF YEAR

 $
 4,478,174

 $
 5,750,771

 The
accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

 F- 7

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 (U.S.

 Supplemental
 disclosure of cash flow information:

 Non-cash
 transactions:

 Termination
 of lease liability

 21,114

 -

 Initial
 recognition of operating lease right-of-use assets

 15,709

 47,280

 of shares in exchange for investment in nonconsolidated affiliate (see Note 10)

 826,705

 -

 of shares for future services

 422,163

 61,006

 of shares for commitment fee (see Note 10(21))

 254,274

 -

 The
accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.

 F- 8

 NOTES

 NOTE
1– GENERAL

 A.

 Operations

Inc. (formerly Save Foods, Inc) (the "Company") was incorporated on April 1, 2009, under the laws of the State of
Delaware. On April 27, 2009, the Company acquired from its stockholders 98.48 %
of the issued and outstanding shares of Save Foods Ltd. (the Company and Save Foods Ltd. collectively, the "Group"),
including preferred and common stock. Save Foods Ltd. was incorporated in 2004 and commenced its operations in 2005. Save Foods Ltd.
develops, produces, and focuses on delivering innovative solutions for the food industry aimed at improving food safety and shelf
life of fresh produce.

 On
May 13, 2021, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 155,845
shares of its common stock for net proceeds of $ 10,457,862.
Commencing on May 14, 2021, the Company's common stock was listed on the Nasdaq Capital under the symbol
"SVFD".

 On
August 15, 2022, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 228,572 shares of its common stock for net proceeds of $ 4,103,330
(see note 10(8)).

September through December 2023 the Company issued an aggregate of 691,000 shares of its common stock for net proceeds of $ 3,499,388
under its July 23, 2023 Standby Equity Purchase Agreement (see note 10(21)).

 On
November 6, 2023, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "Merger Agreement") with N2OFF, Inc.,
a newly formed Nevada corporation and its wholly owned subsidiary (the "Surviving Corporation"), pursuant to which, on the
same date, the Company, as parent in this transaction, merged with and into the Surviving Corporation (the "Reincorporation Merger").
Upon the consummation of the Reincorporation Merger, the Company ceased its legal existence as a Delaware corporation, and the Surviving
Corporation continued Company's business as the surviving corporation in the Reincorporation Merger under the name "N2OFF, Inc." succeeding to all Company's rights, assets, liabilities and obligations, except that its affairs ceased to be
governed by the Delaware General Corporation Law and became subject to the Nevada Revised Statutes. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement,
the Articles of Incorporation and the Bylaws of the Surviving Corporation (the "Nevada Bylaws"), as in effect prior to the
consummation of the Reincorporation Merger, continue in full force and effect as the Surviving Corporation's Articles of Incorporation
and the Nevada Bylaws.

 After the balance sheet date, on March
19, 2024, the Company changed its name from "Save Foods, Inc." to "N2OFF, Inc."

 B.

 Reverse
 stock split

 On
October 4, 2023, following the 2023 annual meeting of stockholders, the Company filed a Certificate of Amendment (the "Amendment")
to its Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation in Delaware to effect a one for seven reverse stock split of the Company's
outstanding common stock (the "Reverse Stock Split"). The Amendment became effective on October 5, 2023.

 As
a result of the Reverse Stock Split, every seven shares of the Company's outstanding common stock prior to the effect of that amendment
were combined and reclassified into one share of the Company's common stock. No fractional shares were issued in connection with
or following the reverse split and the shares were rounded to the nearest whole number. The authorized capital and par value of the common
stock remained unchanged.

 All
shares, stock option and per share information in these consolidated financial statements have been restated to reflect the Reverse Stock
Split on a retroactive basis.

 C.

 Securities
 Exchange Agreement with Plantify

 On
March 31, 2023, the Company entered into the securities exchange agreement with Plantify Foods, Inc. ("Plantify"). Plantify
is a Canadian corporation traded on the TSX Venture Exchange ("TSXV") which focus on the development and production of "clean-label"
plant-based products - see Note 5 below for further information.

 D.

 Stock
 Exchange Agreement with Yaaran Investments

 On August 29, 2023, the Company entered into an exchange agreement
with Yaaran Investments Ltd. and formed an Israeli subsidiary, Nitrousink Ltd., now known as NTWO OFF Ltd. ("NTWO OFF LTD") which
focus on nitrous oxide ("N2O"), a potent greenhouse gas with significant global warming ramifications - see Note 6 below for
further information.

 F- 9

 NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 NOTE
1– GENERAL (continue)

 E.

 Going
 concern uncertainty

 Since
inception, the Company has incurred significant losses and negative cash flows from operations and has an accumulated deficit of $ 29
million. The Company has financed its operations mainly through financing by the issuance of the Company's equity from various
investors.

 The
Company's management expects that the Company will continue to generate losses and negative cash flows from operations for the
foreseeable future. Based on the projected cash flows and cash balances as of December 31, 2023, management currently is of the opinion
that its existing cash will be sufficient to fund operations until the end of the second quarter of 2025. As a result, there is substantial
doubt regarding the Company's ability to continue as a going concern.

 Management
plans to continue securing sufficient financing through the sale of additional equity securities or capital inflows from strategic partnerships.
Additional funds may not be available when the Company needs them, on favorable terms, or at all. If the Company is unsuccessful in securing
sufficient financing, it may need to cease operations.

 The
financial statements do not include adjustments for measurement or presentation of assets and liabilities, which may be required should
the Company fail to operate as a going concern.

 F.

 Hamas
 terrorist attacks

most of the Company's operations are conducted in Israel and all members of its board of directors, management, as well as a majority
of its employees and consultants, including employees of its service providers, are located in Israel, its business and operations are
directly affected by economic, political, geopolitical and military conditions affecting Israel.

 In
October 2023, Hamas terrorists infiltrated Israel's southern border from the Gaza Strip and conducted a series of attacks on civilian
and military targets. Hamas also launched extensive rocket attacks on Israeli population and industrial centers located along Israel's
border with the Gaza Strip and in other areas within the State of Israel. These attacks resulted in extensive deaths, injuries and kidnapping
of civilians and soldiers in the southern part of the country. Following the attack, Israel's security cabinet declared war against
Hamas and a military campaign against these terrorist organizations commenced in parallel to their continued rocket and terror attacks.
Following the attack by Hamas on Israel's southern border, Hezbollah in Lebanon also launched missile, rocket, drone and shooting
attacks against Israeli military sites, troops and Israeli towns in northern Israel. In response to these attacks, the Israeli army
has carried out a number of targeted strikes on sites belonging to Hezbollah in southern Lebanon. It is possible that the hostilities
with Hezbollah will escalate, and that other terrorist organizations, including Palestinian military organizations in the West Bank,
as well as other hostile countries, such as Iran, will join the hostilities. Such hostilities may include terror and missile attacks.
In the event that the Company's facilities are damaged as a result of hostile actions, or hostilities otherwise disrupt our ongoing
operations, its ability to deliver or provide products and services in a timely manner to meet its contractual obligations towards customers
and vendors could be materially and adversely affected.

the brutal attacks on Israel, the mobilization of army reserves and the government declaring a state of war in October 2023, there was
a decrease in Israel's economic and business activity. The security situation has led, inter alia, to a disruption in the supply
chain and production, a decrease in the volume of national transportation, a shortage in manpower due to employees being called for active
reserve duty as well as a rise in the exchange rate of foreign currencies in relation to the New Israel Shekel. These events may imply
wider macroeconomic indications of a deterioration of Israel's economic standing, which may have a material adverse effect on the
Company and its ability to effectively conduct its business, operations and affairs. Although many of such military reservists have since
been released, they may be called up for additional reserve duty, depending on developments in the war in Gaza and along Israel's
other borders. Certain of its employees and consultants in Israel, in addition to employees of its service providers located in Israel,
have been called, and additional employees may be called, for service in the current or future wars or other armed conflicts with Hamas
as well as the other pending or future armed conflicts in which Israel is or may become engaged, and such persons may be absent for an
extended period of time.

 The Company has experienced delays in pilots and packaging activities due to the war, as certain packing houses,
have halted operations for the time being. Additionally, the Company anticipated engaging additional packing houses to conduct pilots
with Company's product, but, due to the war, the Company were unable to continue pursuing new collaborations for these pilots, and the
Company may not be able to resume any potential collaborations if the current war persists for an extended duration. The Company is unable
to predict how long the current conflict will last, as well as the repercussions these delays will have on operations. If the Company
is unable to renew pilots or collaborations with local packing houses Company's financial results may be affected.

 The Company is continuing to regularly follow developments on the matter and is examining the effects on its operations
and the value of its assets.

 F- 10

 NOTES

 NOTE
2– SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 These
consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America
(U.S. GAAP).

 A. Use of estimates in the preparation of financial statements

 The
preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that
affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, certain revenues and expenses, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities
as of the date of the financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates. As applicable to these financial statements,
the most significant estimates and assumptions relate to calculation of fair value of the convertible loan.

 B. Functional currency

 A
majority of the Group's revenues is generated in U.S. dollars. In addition, most of the Group's costs are denominated and
determined in U.S. dollars. Management believes that the dollar is the currency in the primary economic environment in which the Group
operates. Thus, the functional and reporting currency of the Group is the U.S. dollar. Transactions and monetary balances in other currencies
are translated into the functional currency using the current exchange rate.

 Accordingly,
monetary accounts maintained in currencies other than the dollar are remeasured into dollars in accordance with Accounting Standards
Codification ("ASC") 830, "Foreign Currency Matters". All transaction gains and losses of the remeasured monetary
balance sheet items are reflected in the statements of operations as financial income or expenses, as appropriate.

 F- 11

 NOTES

 NOTE

 C. Principles of consolidation

 The
accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All significant
intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation.

 D. Cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash

 Cash
equivalents are short-term highly liquid investments which include short term bank deposits (up to three months from date of deposit),
that are not restricted as to withdrawals or use that are readily convertible to cash with maturities of three months or less as of the
date acquired.

 Restricted
cash as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 include $ 31,171 and $ 50,062, respectively, collateral account for the Group's corporate
credit cards and a lease liability and is classified in current assets.

 E. Accounts receivables

 The
Group maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses inherent in its accounts receivable portfolio. In
establishing the required allowance, management considers historical losses adjusted to take into account current market conditions
and its customers' financial condition, the amounts of receivables in dispute, and the current receivables aging and current
payment patterns. As of December 31, 2023, and 2022, an allowance for doubtful debts in the amount of $ 64,031
and $ 24,259,
respectively, is reflected in net accounts receivable. The Group does not have any off-balance-sheet credit exposure related to its
customers.

 F. Property, plant and equipment, net

 1.

 Property
 and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over
 the estimated useful lives of the assets. When an asset is retired or otherwise disposed of, the related cost and accumulated depreciation
 are removed from the respective accounts and the net difference less any amount realized from disposition is reflected in the Statements
 of Comprehensive Loss.

 2.

 Rates
 of depreciation:

OF PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT DEPRECIATION RATES

 %

 Furniture
 and office equipment

 7 - 15

 Machines

 10 - 15

 Computers

 Vehicle

 G.
 Fair value

 Fair
value of certain of the Company's financial instruments including cash, accounts payable, accrued expenses, and other accrued liabilities
approximate cost because of their short maturities. The Company measures and reports fair value in accordance with ASC 820, "Fair Value Measurements" which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring
fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.

 Fair
value, as defined by ASC 820, is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction
between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value of an asset should reflect its highest and best use by market participants,
principal (or most advantageous) markets, and an in-use or an in-exchange valuation premise.

 F- 12

 NOTES

 NOTE

 Fair
value (continue)

 Valuation
techniques are generally classified into three categories: (i) the market approach; (ii) the income approach; and (iii) the cost approach.
The selection and application of one or more of the techniques may require significant judgment and are primarily dependent upon the
characteristics of the asset or liability, and the quality and availability of inputs. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value
under ASC 820 must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. ASC 820 also provides fair value
hierarchy for inputs and resulting measurement as follows:

 Level
1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for identical assets or liabilities.

 Level
2: Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in
markets that are not active; inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability; and inputs that are derived
principally from or corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities; and

 Level
3: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability that are supported by little or no market activity, and that are significant to the
fair values.

 Fair
value measurements are required to be disclosed by the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements in
their entirety fall. Fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (in level 3 measurements) are subject to expanded
disclosure requirements including a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances, separately presenting changes during the period
attributable to the following: (i) total gains or losses for the period (realized and unrealized), (ii) segregating those gains or losses
included in earnings, and (iii) a description of where those gains or losses included in earning are reported in the statement of operations.

 The
Company's financial assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis by level within the fair value hierarchy are as
follows (see Note 5):

OF FAIR VALUE ASSETS ON RECURRING BASIS

 Level

 Level

 Level

 Total

 As
 of December 31, 2023

 Level

 Level

 Level

 Total

 US$

 Assets:

 Investment
 in Plantify

 641,561

 -

 -

 641,561

 Convertible
 loan

 -

 -

 1,013,900

 1,013,900

 Total
 assets

 641,561

 -

 1,013,900

 1,655,461

 The
following table presents the changes in fair value of the Level 1 assets for the period April 5, 2023 through December 31, 2023:

OF CHANGES IN FAIR VALUE OF ASSETS

 in Fair value

 US$

 Assets:

 Initial
 recognition of the investment in Plantify as at April 5, 2023 (*)

 929,864

 Additional
 investment in shares of Plantify

 417,890

 in fair value

 ( 706,193
)

 at December 31, 2023

 641,561

 F- 13

 NOTES

 NOTE

 Fair
value (continue)

 The following table presents the changes in fair value of the Level 3 assets for the period April 5, 2023 through December 31, 2023:

 in
 Fair value

 US$

 Assets:

 Initial
 recognition of the convertible loan issued as at April 5, 2023 (*)

 1,021,300

 in fair value

 ( 7,400
)

 at December 31, 2023

 1,013,900

 (*)
 Relative fair value
 calculated at inception.

 H.
 Asset acquisitions

 The
Company's consolidated financial statements include the operations of acquired subsidiaries from the date the Company gains control
over them.

 When
the screening test of ASU 2017-01 Business Combinations (Topic 805) Clarifying the Definition of a Business, suggests that substantially
all of the fair value of the gross assets of a subsidiary acquired is concentrated in a single asset or a group of similar assets, such
as a single IPR&D asset, the acquired net assets do not meet the definition of a business. Noncontrolling interests of a subsidiary
that does not meet the definition of a business are initially measured at fair value. For more details see Note 6.

 I. Impairment of long-lived assets

 The
Group's long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment in accordance with ASC Topic 360, "Property, Plant and Equipment",
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets
to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the future undiscounted cash flows expected to
be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by
which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value. No impairment expenses were recorded during the years ended December 31,
2023 or 2022.

 F- 14

 NOTES

 NOTE

 J. Income taxes

 The
Group accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740, "Income Taxes". Accordingly, deferred taxes are determined
utilizing the asset and liability method based on the estimated future tax effects of differences between the financial statement carrying
amount and the tax bases of assets and liabilities under the applicable tax law. Deferred tax balances are computed using the enacted
tax rates expected to be in effect when these differences reverse. Valuation allowances in respect of deferred tax assets are provided
for, if necessary, to reduce deferred tax assets to amounts more likely than not to be realized.

 The
Group accounts for unrecognized tax benefits in accordance with ASC Topic 740, which prescribes detailed guidance for the financial statement
recognition, measurement and disclosure of unrecognized tax benefits recorded in a Company's financial statements. According to
ASC Topic 740, tax positions must meet a more-likely-than-not recognition threshold to be recognized. Recognized tax positions are measured
as the largest amount that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized. The Company's accounting policy is to present interest
and penalties relating to income taxes within income taxes; however the Company did not recognize such items in its fiscal years 2023
and 2022 financial statements and did not recognize any amount with respect to an unrecognized tax benefit in its balance sheets.

 K. Revenue recognition

 The
Group has revenue from customers. The Group recognizes revenue when it satisfies performance obligations under the terms of its contracts,
and control of its products is transferred to its customers in an amount that reflects the consideration the Group expects to receive
from its customers in exchange for those products. This process involves identifying the customer contract, determining the performance
obligations in the contract, determining the transaction price, allocating the transaction price to the distinct performance obligations
in the contract, and recognizing revenue when the performance obligations have been satisfied. A performance obligation is considered
distinct from other obligations in a contract when it (a) provides a benefit to the customer either on its own or together with other
resources that are readily available to the customer and (b) is separately identified in the contract. The Company considers a performance
obligation satisfied once it has transferred control of a good or product to a customer, meaning the customer has the ability to direct
the use and obtain the benefit of the product.

 The
Company's primary source of revenues is from sales of eco-friendly "green" products for the food industry. The Company
does not act as an agent in any of its revenue arrangements. Contracts with customers generally state the terms of the sale, including
the quantity and price of each product purchased. Payment terms and conditions may vary by contract, although terms generally include
a requirement of payment within a range of 30 to 90 days after the performance obligation has been satisfied. As a result, the contracts
do not include a significant financing component. In addition, contracts typically do not contain variable consideration as the contracts
include stated prices.

 F- 15

 NOTES

 NOTE

 L. Research and development expenses

and development expenses are charged to comprehensive loss as incurred.

 M. Royalty-bearing grants

 Royalty-bearing
grants from the Israeli Innovation Authority (the "IIA") for funding approved research and development projects are
recognized at the time Save Foods Ltd. is entitled to such grants (i.e. at the time that there is reasonable assurance that the Save
Foods Ltd will comply with the conditions attached to the grant and that there is reasonable assurance that the grant will be
received), on the basis of the costs incurred and reduce research and development costs. The cumulative research and development
grants received by Save Foods Ltd. from inception through December 31, 2023 and 2022, amounted to $ 155,765.

 As
of December 31, 2023, and 2022, the Group did not accrue or pay any royalties to the IIA since no revenues were recognized in respect
of the funded projects. In addition, the Group does not anticipate future sales related to these grants.

 N. Inventories

 Inventories
are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost of raw and packaging materials, purchased products, manufactured finished
products and products in process are determined on the average cost basis.

 The
Group regularly reviews its inventories for impairment and reserves are established when necessary.

 O. Basic and diluted loss per common stock

 Basic
loss per common stock is computed by dividing the loss for the period applicable to stockholders, by the weighted average number of shares
of common stock outstanding during the period.

 In
computing diluted loss per share, basic loss per share is adjusted to reflect the potential dilution that could occur upon the exercise
of potential shares. Accordingly, in 2023 and 2022, no potential shares are considered.

 P. Stock-based compensation

 The
Group measures and recognizes the compensation expense for all equity-based payments to employees and nonemployees based on their estimated
fair values in accordance with ASC 718, "Compensation- Stock Compensation". Share-based payments including grants of stock
options are recognized in the statement of comprehensive loss as a compensation expense based on the fair value of the award at the date
of grant. The fair value of stock options granted is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The Group has expensed compensation
costs, net of forfeitures as they occur, applying the accelerated vesting method, over the requisite service period or over the implicit
service period when a performance condition affects the vesting, and it is considered probable that the performance condition will be
achieved.

 F- 16

 NOTES

 NOTE

 Q. Concentrations of credit risk

 Financial
instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents as well
as certain other current assets that do not amount to a significant amount. Cash and cash equivalents, which are primarily held in Dollars
and New Israeli Shekels, are deposited with major banks in Israel and United States. The Group considers that its cash and cash equivalents
have low credit risk based on the credit ratings of the counterparties. The Company does not have any significant off-balance-sheet concentration
of credit risk, such as foreign exchange contracts, option contracts or other foreign hedging arrangements.

 R. Commitments and Contingencies

 The
Group records accruals for loss contingencies arising from claims, litigation and other sources when it is probable that a liability
has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. These accruals are adjusted periodically as assessments change or additional
information becomes available. Legal costs incurred in connection with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred.

 S. Leases The Group determines if an arrangement is or contains a lease at contract inception.

 The
Group is a lessee in certain operating leases primarily for office space and vehicles. Operating leases are included in operating lease
right-of-use ("ROU") assets, other current liabilities, and operating lease liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets.

 ROU
assets represent Group's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent Group's
obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement
date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, the
Company generally uses the incremental borrowing rate based on the estimated rate of interest for collateralized borrowing over a
similar term of the lease payments at commencement date. The operating lease ROU asset also includes any lease payments made and
excludes lease incentives. The Company's lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is
reasonably certain that we will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over
the lease term.

 The
Group monitors for events or changes in circumstances that require a reassessment of one of its leases. When a reassessment results in
the remeasurement of a lease liability, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the corresponding ROU asset unless
doing so would reduce the carrying amount of the ROU asset to an amount less than zero. In that case, the amount of the adjustment that
would result in a negative ROU asset balance is recorded in the statement of comprehensive loss.

 T. New Accounting Pronouncements

 Improvements
to Reportable Segment disclosures (Topic 280):

 In
November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280) – Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures
to improve reportable segment disclosure requirements through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and segment-related
data. For public companies, the amendments in this ASU are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim
periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 with early adoption permitted. The Company does not expect this ASU to
have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.

 Improvements
to Income Tax Disclosure (Topic 740):

 In
December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Tax (Topic 740) - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures which requires companies
to break out their income tax expense, income tax rate reconciliation and income tax payments made in more detail. For public companies,
the requirements will become effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company
does not expect this ASU to have a material effect on its consolidated financial statements.

 F- 17

INC.

 NOTES

 (U.S. dollars)

 NOTE
3 – OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

OF OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

 2023

 2022

 31,

 2023

 2022

 Government
 Institutions

 38,227

 24,132

 Other
 receivable

 1,311

 -

 Other
 current assets

 39,538

 24,132

 NOTE
4 – PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

OF PROPERTY PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

 2023

 2022

 31,

 2023

 2022

 Computers

 30,471

 30,471

 Furniture
 and office equipment

 21,417

 21,417

 Machines

 213,677

 213,677

 Vehicles

 29,418

 85,149

 Total
 cost

 294,983

 350,714

 Less
 - accumulated depreciation

 ( 228,402
)

 ( 252,800
)

 Total
 property and equipment, net

 66,581

 97,914

 For
the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, depreciation expenses were $ 20,838
and $ 54,719
respectively. Additional property and equipment in an amount of $ 51,689
were purchased for the year ended December 31 2022 ( No
property and equipment were purchased in 2023). During 2023, the Company sold property and equipment with a cost of $ 55,731
and with accumulated depreciation in the amount of $ 45,236.

 NOTE
5 – INVESTMENT IN NONCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATE

 On
March 31, 2023, the Company entered into a Securities Exchange Agreement with Plantify, pursuant to which the Company and Plantify
agreed to issue to the other 19.99 %
of its issued and outstanding capital stock (the "Securities Exchange").

 Accordingly,
at closing on April 5, 2023, the Company issued 166,340
shares of the Company's common stock to Plantify, which amount represented 19.99 %
of the Company's outstanding capital stock as of immediately prior to the closing (and 16.66 %
of the Company's outstanding capital stock as of immediately following the closing). The Company determined the value of the
shares issued at $ 826,705
based on the share price of the Company at the closing date. On the same date, Plantify issued 30,004,349
common shares of Plantify to the Company representing 19.99 %
of Plantify's outstanding capital stock as of immediately prior to the closing (and 16.66 %
of Plantify's outstanding capital stock as of immediately following the closing).

 In
connection with the Securities Exchange Agreement, the Company and Plantify executed a debenture (the "Debenture"),
whereby the Company agreed to lend C$ 1,500,000
(approximately US$ 1,124,000)
to Plantify. The Debenture accrues interest at a rate of 8 %
annually and is repayable by Plantify on October
4, 2024. Outstanding principal under the Debenture may be converted, at the Company's sole discretion, into common
shares of Plantify at a price of C$ 0.05
per share for the first 12 months of the Debenture issuance date and C$ 0.10
per share thereafter. Accrued interest may be converted at the market price of Plantify's common shares, subject to TSX
Venture Exchange ("TSX") approval at the time of conversion. Plantify executed a general security agreement in the
Company's favor and pledged to the Company the shares of Plantify' subsidiary, Peas of Bean Ltd.

 On
September 7, 2023, the Company purchased an additional 55,004,349
common shares of Plantify at a price of C$ 0.01
per common share (US$ 404,890),
in a rights offering, resulting in an increase of approximately 7 %
in the Company's aggregate ownership of the issued and outstanding common shares of Plantify. Following the additional
acquisition, the Company owned 85,008,698
common shares of Plantify, representing approximately 23 %
of Plantify's issued and outstanding common shares.

 The
Company determined that it has a significant influence over Plantify and such investment is accounted for under the equity method of
accounting. At the initial recognition of the equity investment, the Company elected the fair value option where subsequent changes
in fair value are recognized in earnings. If the fair value option is applied to an investment that would otherwise be accounted for
under the equity method, the Company applies it to all its financial interests in the same entity (equity and debt, including
guarantees) that are eligible items.

 F- 18

 NOTES

 (U.S. dollars)

 NOTE
5 – INVESTMENT IN NONCONSOLIDATED AFFILIATE (continue)

 The equity investment in common shares of Plantify is classified within Level 1 in the fair
value hierarchy as the valuation can be obtained from real time quotes in active markets, and is measured based on Plantify's
closing stock price on the TSX and prevailing foreign exchange rate at each balance sheet date and the changes in fair value are
reflected in gain (loss) on equity investments, net in the consolidated statement of income.

 The
fair value of the conversion feature loan was estimated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model using a third-party appraiser. The
assumptions used to perform the calculations are detailed below:

 Fair
value of the conversion feature as of the Securities Exchange closing and for December 31, 2023:

OF FAIR VALUE CONVERSION

 Fair
 value of the conversion feature

 April
 5, 2023

 31, 2023

 Expected
 volatility (%)

 78.20
 %

 135.70
 %

 Risk-free
 interest rate (%)

 4.34
 %

 5.08
 %

 Expected
 dividend yield

 0.0
 %

 0.0
 %

 Contractual
 term (years) (*)

 0.25

 Conversion
 price (Canadian dollars)

 (US$ 0.04)
 C$ 0.054

 (US$ 0.04)
 C$ 0.054

 Underlying
 share price (Canadian dollars)

 (US$ 0.04)
 C$ 0.05

 (US$ 0.01)
 C$ 0.01

 Fair
 value (U.S. dollars)

 $
 272,000

 $

 (*)
 As of December 31, 2023 the Company estimated
that the probability that the Debenture would be converted following 12 months is minimal.

 The
significant observable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the conversion feature are mainly the expected volatility and risk
free interest rate. Significant changes in any of those inputs in isolation would have resulted in a change in the fair value measurement.

 The
fair value of the debt component of the Debenture was estimated with the assistance of a third-party appraiser by discounting the principal
and interest at a discount rate of market interest for similar loans. The interest rate was determined, among other things, based on
the potential risk factor of the debt investment in Plantify, at 25.4 %.

 For
the period between April 5, 2023, through December 31, 2023, an unrealized loss of $ 713,593 was recorded in loss on investment in nonconsolidated
subsidiary in the Company's consolidated statements of comprehensive loss.

 The
following tables present Plantify's summarized financial information. The period presented in the table below commenced on April 5, 2023, when
the Company retained an equity investment in Plantify:

 SCHEDULE OF EQUITY INVESTMENT

 April
 5, 2023

 Through

 31,
 2023

 Revenue

 455,000

 Gross
 loss

 ( 73,000
)

 Net
 loss

 ( 1,839,000

)

 As
 of

 31, 2023

 assets

 551,000

 Noncurrent
 assets

 1,766,000

 liabilities

 2,187,000

 Stakeholders deficit

 ( 643,000

)

 F- 19

 NOTES

 (U.S. dollars)

 NOTE
6 – A CONSOLIDATED ENTITY

 On
August 29, 2023, the Company closed exchange transactions (the "Exchange"), pursuant to the terms of a stock exchange
agreement, entered on July 11, 2023, as amended on July 24, 2023 and August 13, 2023, by and among the Company, Save Foods
Ltd., Yaaran Investments Ltd., an Israeli company ("Yaaran"), and a yet-to-be formed Israeli company
("NewCo"), (the "Exchange Agreement"). The closing conditions for the consummation of the Exchange,
required, among other things, the incorporation of NewCo in the State of Israel. On August 29, 2023, NewCo was incorporated under
the name of "Nitrousink, Ltd." and issued the Company 4,200,000
shares, representing 60 %
of its share capital on a fully diluted pre-closing basis in exchange for 223,008
shares of common stock of the Company, issued to Yaaran on July 27, 2023, which amount represented 19.99 %
of the Company's outstanding capital stock as of immediately prior to the Exchange (and 16.66 %
of the Company's outstanding capital stock as of immediately following the Exchange). As a result of such, N2OFF became a
majority-owned subsidiary of the Company. On February 21, 2024, Nitrousink, Ltd. changed its name to NTWO OFF Ltd.
As of December 31, 2023, the company owns 60% of the share capital of NTWO OFF Ltd, Yaaran owns 30%, and the Agricultural
Research Organization - Volcani Institute owns 10%. See also note 10(22) below.

 As
part of the Exchange Agreement, the Company committed to support N2OFF's commercialization efforts of certain technologies researched
and developed (the "License") together with the Government of Israel on behalf of the State of Israel, represented by the
Head of Agricultural Research Organization and the Treasurer of A.R.O., by making available up to $ 1.2
 million in three conditional installments. As
of December 31, 2023 the Company paid the first installment in the amount of $ 400,000,
of which $ 160,000
 were recorded as
a transaction with non-controlling interests.

 At
the Exchange date, N2OFF was determined to be excluding substantive process as required under the definition of business in accordance
with the provisions of ASC Topic 805 "Business Combination". In addition, it was determined that the License representing
IPR&D had no alternative future use and therefore the entire purchase price allocated to the acquired IPR&D in the amount of
$ 1,661,707 was charged to expense at the acquisition date as part of "Research and Development expenses" in the accompanying
consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2023.

 NOTE
7 – OTHER LIABILITIES

OF OTHER LIABILITIES

 2023

 2022

 31,

 2023

 2022

 Employees
 and related institutions

 60,000

 96,516

 Accrued

 634,418

 424,538

 lease liabilities

 40,515

 66,311

 Other liabilities

 734,933

 587,365

 F- 20

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
8 – COMMITMENT AND CONTINGENT LIABILITIES

 A.

 Save
 Foods Ltd. Is committed to pay royalties to the IIA on the proceeds from sales of products resulting from research and development
 projects in which the IIA participates by way of grants. In the first 3 years of sales the Company will pay 3% of the sales of the
 product which was developed under IIA research and development projects. In the fourth, fifth and sixth years of sales, the Company
 shall pay 4% of such sales and thereafter the Company will pay 5% of up to 100% of the amount of grants received
 plus interest at SOFR for 12 months. Save Foods Ltd. was entitled to the grants only upon incurring research and development expenditures. There
 were no future performance obligations related to the grants received from the IIA. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the contingent
 liabilities with respect to grants received from the IIA, subject to repayment under these royalty agreements on future sales is
 $ 155,765, not including. As of December 31, 2023, and 2022, the Company did not accrue for
or pay any royalties to the IIA as no revenue related to the funded projects has yet been generated.

 B.

 On
 September 22, 2020, the Company entered into a non-exclusive Commission Agreement with Earthbound Technologies, LLC
 ("EBT") for a period of 12 months, according to which EBT will introduce the Company to potential clients, pre-approved
 by the Company ("Introduced Parties") and will assist the Company in finalizing commercial agreements with the
 Introduced Parties. In consideration for its services, the Company agreed to pay EBT 12.5 %
 of the net revenues generated from Introduced Parties (during the agreement period and within 18 months following the termination of
 the agreement) up to a total aggregated amount of $ 2,000,000,
 provided that the compensation shall not exceed 25 %
 of the Company's gross profit under the given commercial agreement signed with the Introduced Party. In addition, in the event
 that the aggregated net revenues generated from Introduced Parties were to exceed $ 500,000,
 and subject to board approval, the Company would be required to issue to EBT options to purchase 1,021 shares
 of common stock at an exercise price of $ 58.80 per
 share. In the event that certain additional events detailed in the agreement were to occur, the Company will also issue to EBT,
 subject to Board approval, additional options to purchase 1,021 shares
 of common stock at an exercise price of $ 58.80 per
 share. Such events have not occurred as of balance sheet date.

 C.

 On
 June 1, 2021, the Company terminated its October 10, 2018, consulting agreements with two of its consultants and signed new
 consulting agreements with the parties pursuant to which the consultants will provide the Company with business development and
 strategic consulting services including ongoing consulting for the Company, board and management. The agreements may be terminated
 by either party upon 30 days prior written notice. The Company would pay each, a monthly fee of $ 13,000,
 and $ 2,000
 as reimbursement of expenses. In addition, the Company agreed to grant the consultants signing bonuses of $ 150,000
 and $ 250,000
 net of the outstanding debt of the Company to the consultants based on their October 10, 2018 agreements in the amount of $ 33,000
 each. In addition, the Company agreed to pay the consultants 5% of any gain generated by the Company exceeding an initial gain of
 25% due to any sale, disposition or exclusive license of activities, securities, business, or similar events initiated by each the
 consultants. In addition, each consultant is entitled to a special bonus for assisting with business opportunities or other
 specified events ("Consultant Engagements"), authorized by the CEO or the Chairman of the Board. On
 December 20, 2023 the board approved to compensate each of the consultants in the amount of $ 100,000
 and $ 10,000
 reimbursement of expenses incurred.

 D

 On
 January 26, 2023, the Company entered into an advisory agreement with a consultant for a period of ninety days. According to the
 agreement, the consultant will provide advisory services to the Company in connection with pursuing and evaluating entering into an
 equity purchase agreement (the "Equity Purchase Agreement") with an institutional investor. The Company will pay a
 success fee (the "Success Fee") in the amount equal to 6% of the gross proceeds received by the Company under any such
 equity purchase agreement to be paid within five business days of each receipt of funds. However, with respect to any amount
 received by the Company from certain investors, the Success Fee will be 5%. On July 20, 2023, the term of the agreement was extended
 until October 12, 2023. On December 13, 2023, the term was further extended to May 12, 2024 and the consultant will be entitled to
 receive 3% of the gross proceeds received by the Company under the financing to be paid. As of December 31, 2023 the Company paid a
 Success Fee in the amount of $ 175,000
 to the consultant.

 F- 21

INC.

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
9 – LEASES

 A.

 The
 components of operating lease cost for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were as follows:

OF OPERATING LEASE COST

 2023

 2022

 31,

 2023

 2022

 lease costs

 54,723

 80,501

 B.

 Supplemental
 cash flow information related to operating leases was as follows:

OF SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION RELATED TO OPERATING LEASE

 2023

 2022

 31,

 2023

 2022

 Cash
 paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:

 cash flows from operating leases

 51,353

 62,679

 Right-of-use
 assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations (non-cash):

 leases

 15,709

 47,280

 C.

 Supplemental
 balance sheet information related to operating leases was as follows:

OF SUPPLEMENTAL BALANCE SHEET INFORMATION RELATED TO OPERATING LEASES

 2023

 2022

 31,

 2023

 2022

 leases:

 leases right-of-use asset

 56,568

 121,855

 operating lease liabilities

 40,515

 66,311

 Non-current
 operating lease liabilities

 7,181

 40,023

 Total
 operating lease liabilities

 47,696

 106,334

 Weighted
 average remaining lease term (years)

 1.08

 1.78

 Weighted
 average discount rate

 %

 %

 F- 22

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
9 – LEASES (continue)

 D.

 Future
 minimum lease payments under non-cancellable leases as of December 31, 2023 were as follows:

OF MINIMUM LEASE PAYMENTS UNDER NON- CANCELABLE LEASES

 2023

 2024

 41,233

 2025

 7,739

 Total
 operating lease payments

 48,972

 Less:
 imputed interest

 ( 1,276
)

 Present
 value of lease liabilities

 47,696

 In
September 2021, the Company signed a lease agreement for an office and operational space in Neve Yarak, lsrael for a period of 1 year
with monthly payments of $ 2,000 and an option to extend the agreement for an additional 2 years with monthly payment of $ 2,500 in the
first option period and $ 2,750 in the second option period. The Company exercised its option to extend the lease agreement for an additional
 2 years.

 A
right-of-use assets in the amount of $ 152,472 and lease liabilities in the amount of 152,472 have been recognized in the balance sheet
in respect of these leases.

 In
December 2021, the Company signed a car rental lease agreement for a period of 3 years with monthly payments of $ 950. A lease right-of-use
asset and a related liability in the amount of $ 34,362 have been recognized in the balance sheet in respect of this lease. During August
2023, the Company terminated the lease agreement.

 On
December 15, 2021, the Company entered into a lease agreement for office space in Miami (the "Miami Lease").
The Miami Lease is for a period of 1 year with monthly payments of $ 600 and an option to extend the agreement for an additional 1 year
with monthly payments of $ 630. A lease right-of-use asset and a related liability in the amount of $ 14,633 have been recognized in the
balance sheet in respect of this lease. The Company exercised its option to extend the lease agreement for an additional year. On December
15, 2023, the Company entered into a new lease agreement for office space in Miami for a period of 1 year with monthly payments of $ 670
and an option to extend the agreement for an additional 1 year with monthly payments of $ 704. A lease right-of-use asset and a related
liability in the amount of $ 15,709 have been recognized in the balance sheet in respect of this lease.

 In
January 2022, the Company signed a car rental lease agreement for a period of 3 years with monthly payments of $ 1,300. A lease right-of-use
asset and a related liability in the amount of $ 47,280 have been recognized in the balance sheet in respect of this lease.

 F- 23

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
10 – STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

 Description
of the rights attached to the Shares in the Company:

 Common
stock:

 Each
share of common stock entitles the holder to one vote, either in person or by proxy, at meetings of stockholders. The holders are not
permitted to vote their shares cumulatively. Accordingly, the stockholders of the Company's common stock who hold, in the aggregate,
more than fifty percent of the total voting rights can elect all of the directors and, in such event, the holders of the remaining minority
shares will not be able to elect any of such directors. The vote of the holders of a majority of the issued and outstanding shares of
common stock entitled to vote thereon is sufficient to authorize, affirm, ratify or consent to such act or action, except as otherwise
provided by law.

 Transactions:

 1.

 On
 June 15, 2021, the Company signed a consulting agreement with a third party pursuant to which the Consultant will provide the
 Company with public relations services. Based on the agreement, the Company will pay the consultant a monthly fee of $ 3,500
 and will issue the consultant 29
 shares of common stock of the Company on the last day of each month following the commencement date of the agreement. On November 3,
 2021, the Company issued to consultants an aggregate of 100
 shares of the Company's common stock. On May 2, 2022, the Company issued the consultants an aggregate of 86
 shares of the Company's common stock. The Company determined the aggregate value of the shares issued at $ 4,926.

 2.

 On
 October 1, 2021, the Company entered into an 18 month consulting agreement with a consultant pursuant to which the consultant will
 provide the Company with consulting services related to international business development activities. Based on the agreement, the
 Company will issue the consultant 1,286
 shares of common stock of the Company upon execution of the agreement and six installments of 1,786
 shares of common stock of the Company each 90 days thereafter. On November 3, 2021 the Company issued to the consultant 1,286
 shares of the Company's common stock. On January 27, 2022 and May 2, 2022, the Company issued an aggregate of 3,572
 shares. On June 8, 2022 the Company terminated the consulting agreement. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the
 Company recorded share based compensation expenses of $ 136,000,
 in respect of the above agreement.

 3.

 In
 connection with Mr. Joachim Fuchs' appointment as Chairman of the board of directors of Save Foods Ltd, on February 10, 2022,
 Save Foods Ltd entered into a consulting agreement with Mr. Fuchs., pursuant to which Mr. Fuchs will be paid a monthly fee of NIS 5,000 (approximately
 $ 1,600)
 and subject to the Board approval, 1,286 shares
 of common stock and, subject to the terms of the equity incentive plan to be adopted by the Company, options
 to purchase 6,015 shares
 of common stock which represented 1.5% of the Company's' outstanding capital stock as of the date of the agreement of
 which (1) 0.5% of such options have an exercise price of $7.00 per share and vest in 4 equal installments during the 12 month period
 commencing on January 1, 2022 (the "Effective Date"), (2) 0.5% of such options have an exercise price of $8.75 and vest
 in 4 equal installments during the 12 month period following the 12 month anniversary of the Effective Date, (3) 0.5% of such
 options have an exercise price of $10.50 and vest in 4 equal installments during the 12 month period following the 24 month
 anniversary of the Effective Date. The Company
 determined the fair value of the options at $ 90,665.

 On
March 24, 2022, the Company issued 1,286
shares of common stock to Mr. Fuchs. The Company determined the value of the shares at $ 38,790
based on the share price at the agreement date.

 On
August 29, 2022, the Board approved an increase in Mr. Fuchs' monthly fee to $ 5,000 and, a one time issuance
of 429 shares of common Stock. Such shares were issued on September 7, 2022. The Company determined the value of the shares at $ 8,610
based on the share price at the resolution date.

 On
March 29, 2023, the Board approved an amendment to the consulting agreement pursuant to which Mr. Fuchs will receive monthly
compensation of $ 1,000
and 7,143 restricted
shares of common stock under the Company's 2022 Share Incentive Plan in lieu of the above-described options. These shares will
be subject to a twenty four month lockup period.

 F- 24

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
10 – STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (continue)

 4.

 On
 March 10, 2022, the Company entered into an Investor Relations Agreement (the "March IR Agreement") with a consultant
 for a period of 12 months pursuant to which the Company will pay the consultant for his services a monthly fee of $ 11,000
 and will issue 2,000
 shares of common stock of the Company upon the execution of the March IR Agreement. The shares were issued on March 10, 2022. The
 Company determined the value of the shares at $ 103,600.
 During the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded share based compensation expenses of $ 84,015
 and $ 19,585,
 respectively.

 On
 June 27, 2022 the March IR Agreement was amended to set the monthly cash payment at $ 5,500
 beginning July 2022.

 5.

 On
 April 1, 2022, the Company entered into an Investor Relations Agreement (the "April IR Agreement") with a consultant for
 a period of 90 days. According to the April IR Agreement, the Company will pay the consultant for his services a monthly fee of $ 15,000
 and in addition, 1,715 shares of common stock of the Company upon execution of the agreement. The shares were issued on May 2, 2022.
 The Company estimated the value of the shares issued at $ 66,000 based on the share price on the agreement date.

 In
 addition, the Company will issue a warrant (the "April Warrant") to purchase 8,572
 shares of common stock to such consultant (see note 12(2) below).

 On
June 26, 2022 (the "April IR Amendment Date"), the Company amended the April IR Agreement (the "April IR Amendment
to extend the term of the April IR Agreement for an additional period of 90 days commencing on July 1, 2022, and to pay the
consultant for his services a monthly fee of $ 3,333.
In addition, the Company will issue 1,715 shares
of common stock upon execution of the April IR Agreement Amendment. Such shares were issued on August 22, 2022. The Company
determined the value of the shares at $ 39,480 based
on the share price on June 26, 2022. The April IR Amendment also provided for the issuance by the Company of a warrant to
purchase 5,715 shares
of common stock (see note 12(2) below).

 On
August 29, 2022, the Board approved a one-time bonus of $ 100,000 to the consultant.

 F- 25

INC.

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
10 – STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (continue)

 6.

 On
 May 18, 2022, the Company issued 1,286 shares of common stock to a consultant, pursuant to a May 11, 2022 Board resolution. The shares
 were estimated at $ 39,420 based on the share price of the resolution date.

 7.

 On
 January 9, 2022 the Company entered into a Strategic Consulting and Corporate Digital Marketing Agreement (the "Consulting
 Agreement") with a consultant for a period of 12 months pursuant to which the Company agreed to pay the consultant for his
 services a monthly fee of $ 4,250.
 On June 13, 2022, the Consulting Agreement was amended to provide that on July 1, 2022, and for the remaining period of the
 Consulting Agreement the Company will issue the consultant (a) 858
 shares of common stock, and (b) common stock representing $ 19,125,
 which amount will be calculated based on the average closing bid price of the Company's common stock during the 10 trading
 days prior to October 10, 2022, provided however, that the number of shares to be issued shall not be less than 858
 shares of common stock.

 On
July 11, 2022, the Company issued the consultant 858 shares of common stock. The Company determined the value of the shares at $ 17,220
based on the share price on the date of the Consulting Agreement, of which $ 16,852 was recorded as share based compensation expenses
and the remaining portion was classified as prepaid expenses in other current assets.

 Additionally,
on August 29, 2022, the Board approved a one-time bonus of $ 7,500 and 1,072 shares of common stock of the Company, to the consultant.
The shares were issued on September 7, 2022. The Company determined the value of the shares at $ 21,525 based on the share price on the
date of the Consulting Agreement.

 On
October 11, 2022, the Company issued the consultant 1,442
shares of common stock, and recorded share based compensation expenses of $ 19,125
in respect of the agreement.

 8.

 On
 August 15, 2022, the Company completed an underwritten public offering of 228,572
 shares of its common stock at a price to the public of $ 21.00
 per share. The gross proceeds to the Company from this offering were $ 4,800,000,
 before deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and other offering expenses, and excluding the exercise of the over-allotment
 option by the underwriter, which was not exercised in an amount totaling $ 696,670
 resulting in net proceeds of $ 4,103,330. The
 Company granted the underwriter a 45-day option to purchase up to 34,286 additional shares of common stock of the Company to cover
 over-allotments at the public offering price, less the underwriting discounts and commissions. In addition, the Company issued to
 the underwriter as compensation, a warrant to purchase up to 11,429 shares of common stock (5% of the aggregate number of shares of
 common stock sold in this offering). The underwriter's warrant is exercisable at $26.25 per share, representing 125% of
 the public offering price per share in this offering. The underwriter's warrants are exercisable at any time
 and from time to time, in whole or in part, during the four and a half years period commencing 180 days from the effective date of
 the registration statement.

 9.

 On
September 6, 2022, the Company entered into a Services Agreement (the "Services Agreement") with a consultant. pursuant to
which, the consultant will provide the Company with strategic advisory services for a period of six months. The Company agreed to pay
the consultant $ 275,000
 for his services, As of December 31, 2023
and 2022, the Company recorded $ 195,355
 and $ 79,645,
respectively, as investor relations expenses. In addition, the Company issued 7,143 shares of common stock to the consultant. The Company
determined the value of the shares at $ 141,750
 based on the share price of the date of the Services Agreement, of which $ 100,697
 was recorded as share based compensation expenses during the year ended December 31, 2022 and the remaining was recorded during
the year ended December 31, 2023.

 10.

 On
 October 26, 2022, the Board approved the issuance of 7,143 shares of common stock to a consultant pursuant to an investor relations
 consulting agreement and quarterly issuances of 1,286 shares of common stock commencing January 1, 2023 and ending on
 December 31, 2024. On November 16, 2022, the Company issued 7,143 shares of common stock. The Company determined the value of the shares
 at $ 99,500 based on the share price of the date of the board resolution. On each of January 2, 2023, April 3, 2023, August 7, 2023 and
 November 8, 2023, the Company issued 1,286 shares of common stock. In addition, on December 20, 2023, the Board approved the issuance
 of 111,553 shares of common stock to the consultant. On December 21, 2023, the Company issued 111,553 shares of common stock. The Company
 determined the value of the shares issued based on the share price of the date of the board approval. The Company recorded share based
 compensation expenses of $ 271,886 for the year ended December 31, 2023.

 F- 26

INC.

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
10 – SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (continue)

 11.

 On
 October 26, 2022, the Board approved the quarterly issuances of 715 shares of common stock to each of two consultants commencing on
 January 1, 2023, and ending on December 31, 2024. On January 2, 2023, April 3, 2023 and August 7, 2023, the Company issued 1,430 shares
 of common stock to each of the consultants. The Company determined the value of the shares issued based on the share price on the date
 of the board approval. The Company recorded share-based compensation expenses of $ 59,695 for the year ended December 31, 2023.

 On
August 3, 2023, the Board approved the issuance of a one-time bonus of 21,428 shares of common stock to each of the two consultants.
On August 7, 2023, the Company issued 21,428 shares of common stock to each of the consultants. In addition, on December 20, 2023, the
Board approved the issuance of 100,000 shares of common stock to each of the two consultants. On December 21, 2023, the Company issued
 100,000 shares of common stock for each of the consultants. The Company determined the value of the shares issued based on the share
price of the date of the board approval. The Company recorded share-based compensation expenses of $ 532,991.

 12.

 On
 January 20, 2023, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with a consultant (see note 10(7)) for a period of twelve months
 pursuant to which the Company will issue on a quarterly basis, subject to the approval of the board (a) 3,572
 restricted shares of the Company's common stock for services rendered for the first quarter
 of 2023, and (b) 2,143
 restricted shares of common stock for services rendered for each subsequent quarter of 2023, such
 that the consultant will receive an aggregate of 10,001
 restricted shares of common stock.

 On
February 13, 2023, the Company issued the first 3,572 shares of common stock.

 On
April 27, 2023, the Company issued 2,143 shares of common stock. The Company determined the value of the shares issued based on the share
price of the date of the board approval. The Company recorded share-based compensation expenses of $ 47,680 for the year ended December
31, 2023.

 On
June 14, 2023, the Company entered into a new superseding consulting agreement with such consultant (see note 10 (18)
below).

 13.

 On
 March 29, 2023, the board approved an amendment to the consulting agreement with EU Agritech Investment Ltd. ("EU Agritech"),
 pursuant to which EU Agritech will receive $ 100,000 in restricted shares of common stock to be issued on the effective date of the
 amendment as compensation for the first twelve months of services provided to the Company. On April 3, 2023, the Company issued 21,009
 shares of common stock to EU Agritech. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded $ 100,000 as share based compensation
 expenses.

 14.

 On
 March 29, 2023, the board approved the issuance of an equity grant to executive officers, employees, directors and consultants
 of an aggregate of 142,860 shares of common stock (such number includes the restricted shares issued pursuant to the amendment of the
 consulting agreement with Joachim Fuchs as detailed in note 10(3) above). Such shares were issued on April 3, 2023. The Company estimated
 the value of the shares issued at $ 678,000 based on the share price of the date of the board approval and recorded $ 678,000 as share
 based compensation expenses during the year ended December 31, 2023.

 15.

 On
 March 31, 2023, the Company entered into the securities exchange agreement with Plantify pursuant to which the Company and Plantify
 agreed to issue 19.99 %
 of its issued and outstanding capital stock on a pre-closing basis to the other. Upon the closing of the securities exchange on April 5, 2023, the Company issued 166,340
 shares of common stock to Plantify (see note 5 above).

 16.

 On
 May 28, 2023, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with a consultant for a period of 18 months pursuant to which the
 Company will issue, subject to the approval of the board, 25,715
 restricted shares of the Company's common stock. These shares will be subject to a lockup period pursuant to the following
 schedule: (a) 8,572
 shares of common stock upon the six months anniversary of the agreement date, (b) 8,572
 shares of common stock upon the nine months anniversary of the agreement date, and (c) 8,571
 shares of common stock upon the twelve months anniversary of the agreement date.

 On
June 21, 2023, the Company issued 25,715 restricted shares of common stock. The Company determined the value of the shares issued at
$ 122,400 based on the share price on the agreement date, of which $ 47,600 was recorded as share based compensation expenses during the
year ended December 31, 2023 and the remaining was classified as prepaid expenses in other current assets.

 F- 27

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
10 – SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (continue)

 17.

 On
 May 28, 2023, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with a consultant for a period of two years pursuant to which the
 Company will issue, subject to the approval of the board, 35,715
 restricted shares of the Company's common stock. These shares will be subject to a lockup period pursuant to the following
 schedule: (a) 11,905
 shares of common stock upon the six month anniversary of the agreement date, (b) 11,905
 shares of common stock upon the nine month anniversary of the agreement date, and (c) 11,905
 shares of common stock upon the 12 month anniversary of the agreement date.

 On
June 21, 2023, the Company issued 35,715 restricted shares of common stock. The Company determined the value of the shares issued at
$ 170,000 based on the share price on the agreement date, of which $ 50,534 was recorded as share based compensation expenses during the
year ended December 31, 2023 and the remaining was classified as prepaid expenses in other current assets.

 18.

 On
 June 14, 2023, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with a consultant for a period of 30 months pursuant to which the
 Company will issue, subject to the approval of the board, 32,143
 restricted shares of the Company's common stock. These shares will be subject to a lockup period pursuant to the following
 schedule: (a) 10,715
 shares of common stock upon the six month anniversary of the agreement date, (b) 10,714
 shares of common stock upon the nine month anniversary of the agreement date, and (c) 10,714
 shares of common stock upon the twelve month anniversary of the agreement date.

 On
June 21, 2023, the Company issued 32,143 restricted shares of common stock. The Company determined the value of the shares issued at
$ 147,150 based on the share price on the agreement date, of which $ 32,234 was recorded as share based compensation expenses during the
year ended December 31, 2023 and the remaining was classified as prepaid expenses in other current assets.

 On
November 8, 2023, the consulting agreement dated November 15, 2023, was amended pursuant to which the consultant will receive
additional 20,000 restricted shares of common stock. On November 20, 2023, the Company issued 20,000 restricted shares of common stock.
The Company determined the value of the shares issued at $ 44,002 based on the share price on the amendment to the agreement date, of
which $ 9,639 was recorded as share based compensation expenses during the year ended December 31, 2023 and the remaining was classified
as prepaid expenses in other current assets.

 19.

 On
 June 15, 2023, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with a consultant for a period of three months pursuant to which the
 Company will issue, subject to the approval of the board, the following: (a) restricted Common Stock representing an aggregate value
 of $ 75,000,
 upon the execution of the agreement, and (b) a monthly cash fee of $ 5,000.

 The Company issued an aggregate of 16,485 shares of common stock and recorded $ 75,000 as share based compensation expenses.

 20.

 On
 June 21, 2023, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with legal advisors pursuant to which such counsel will be paid
 $ 22,500
 in cash and $ 22,500
 in restricted common stock for services provided to the Company. Cash payment of $ 11,250
 and $ 11,250
 in restricted common stock was paid upon execution of the agreement and the remaining amounts will be paid upon the completion of
 the legal services. On July 6, 2023, the Company issued 4,945
 shares of restricted common stock as consideration for the first installment. The Company determined the value of the shares issued
 at $ 24,137
 based on the share price on the agreement date, which recorded as share based compensation expenses during the year ended December
 31, 2023.

 On
September 6, 2023, the Company issued 6,123
shares of common stock to legal counsel pursuant to the August 7, 2023 retainer legal services agreement. The Company
determined the value of the shares issued at $ 66,862
based on the share price on the agreement date, of which $ 26,745
was recorded as share based compensation expenses during the year ended December 31, 2023 and the remaining was classified as
prepaid expenses in other current assets.

 On
December 11, 2023, the Company entered into additional consulting agreement pursuant to which the legal advisors will provide the Company
with certain legal services in consideration for total of $ 25,000 in cash and 12,500 restricted common stock of the Company. Cash payment
of $ 10,000 shall be paid upon execution of the agreement and the remaining after the completion of the legal services. On December 26,
2023, the Company issued 12,500 shares of restricted common stock. The Company determined the value of the shares issued at $ 38,500 based
on the share price on the agreement date, which recorded as prepaid expenses in other current assets.

 F- 28

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
10 – SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (continue)

 21.

 On
 July 23, 2023, the Company, entered into a Standby Equity Purchase Agreement (the "SEPA I"), with YA II PN, Ltd. (the "Investor"),
 pursuant to which the Investor agreed to purchase up to $ 3.5 million shares of the Company's common stock over the course
 of 40 months after the date of the SEPA I. The price of shares to be issued under the SEPA I will be 94 % of the lowest volume weighted
 average trading price (the "VWAP") of the Company's common stock for the three consecutive trading days commencing
 on the delivery of each advance notice by the Company. Each issuance and sale by the Company to the Investor under the SEPA I (an "Advance")
 is subject to a maximum amount equal to the greater of 100% of the Daily Traded Amount (being the product obtained by multiplying the
 daily trading volume of the Company's shares as reported by Bloomberg L.P., by the VWAP for such trading day) during the five
 trading days prior to an Advance notice and $ 200,000. With respect to each Advance notice, if the Company notifies the Investor of
 a minimum acceptable price with respect to such Advance, then if there is no VWAP or if such price is below the minimum price indicated
 by the Company, there will be an automatic reduction to the amount of the Advance by one third, and that day will be excluded from
 the pricing period.

 The
Advances are subject to certain limitations, including that the Investor cannot purchase any shares that would result in it beneficially
owning more than 4.99% of the Company's outstanding shares of common stock at the time of an Advance notice or acquiring more than
19.99% of the Company's outstanding shares of common stock as of the date of the SEPA I (the "Exchange Cap"). The Exchange
Cap will not apply under certain circumstances, including, where the Company has obtained stockholder approval to issue in excess of
the Exchange Cap in accordance with the rules of Nasdaq or such issuances do not require stockholder approval under Nasdaq's "minimum
price rule."

 The
SEPA I will terminate automatically on the earlier of December 1, 2026 or when the Investor has purchased an aggregate of $ 3.5 million
shares of the Company's common stock. The Company has the right to terminate the Purchase Agreement upon five trading days'
prior written notice to the Investor.

 The
SEPA I provided that, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the SEPA I, upon the request of the Company, the
Investor will advance to the Company up to $ 700,000 of the $ 3,500,000 commitment amount, with such Advances to be evidenced by a promissory
note (the "Note"). The request by the Company for such Advances may only be made after the approval of the stockholders of
the transactions contemplated by the SEPA I, and the Company cannot request any Advances after January 31, 2024. There is a 3 % discount
to the amount equal to each Note. Each Note accrues interest on the outstanding principal balance at the rate of 8% per annum. The Company
is required to pay, on a monthly basis, a one tenth of the outstanding principal of each Note and accrued interest thereon either (i)
in cash or (ii) by submitting an advance notice pursuant to the purchaser and selling the Investor shares, or any combination of (i)
or (ii) as determined by the Company. The first payment is due 60 days after the issuance of a Note, with each subsequent payment due
30 days after the prior payment. Unless otherwise agreed by the Investor, the funds received by the Company pursuant to the SEPA I for
the sale of shares will first be used to satisfy any payments due under the Note.

 The
conditions that must be satisfied prior to the Investor advancing the Company funds pursuant to the terms of the Note include obtaining
stockholder approval of the transactions contemplated by the SEPA I (on October 2, 2023, at the annual meeting of stockholders, the stockholders
approved the issuance of more than 20% of our issued and outstanding common stock, permitting us to request Advances from the Investor
under the SEPA I that will result in the issuance of more than 20% of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock as of the date
of the SEPA I without being subject to the Exchange Cap), the delivery by the Company to the Investor of a request to lend funds pursuant
to the Note prior to January 31, 2024, no events which could have a material adverse on the Company and other conditions customary of
financings of this nature.

 On
September 27, 2023, the Company issued 26,224 shares of common stock as a commitment fee to a subsidiary of the Investor. The Company
determined the value of the shares issued at $ 122,988 based on the share price on the agreement date.

 On
October 11, 2023, the Company filed a registration statement on Form S-1 with the SEC, which was declared effective by the SEC on
October 30, 2023 for the resale of up to 1,000,000
shares of common stock that may be offered and sold by the Investor. On October 31, 2023, the Company received a gross amount of $ 700,000
and issued the Note to the Investor pursuant to the SEPA I. The first payment under the Note was due December 31, 2023.

 F- 29

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
10 – SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (continue)

 The
Company considered the guidelines of ASC 815 and determined that the SEPA I contains both purchased put option element and a forward
share issuance element, neither element qualifies for equity classification. Accordingly, the Company recognized an asset or liability
with changes in fair value recoded to the statements of operations. All costs associated with the SEPA I were expensed in the statements
of operations.

 On
each of November 6, 2023, November 20, 2023, and December 5, 2023, the Company issued 20,000
shares of common stock pursuant to settlement document with respect to Advance notices delivered to the Investor. On December 7, 2023,
the Company issued additional 691,000
shares of common stock to the Investor pursuant to settlement document with respect to Advance notices delivered to the
Investor.

 Total
aggregated net amount received as consideration for the sale of the shares amounted to $ 3,499,388.
Total expenses associated with the SEPA I amounted to $ 358,801
and were recorded in the Company's statement of operations under general and administrative expenses.

 On
December 22, 2023, the Company entered into an additional Standby Equity Purchase Agreement (the "SEPA II") with the
Investor, pursuant to which the Investor has agreed to purchase up to $ 20
million shares of common stock over the course of 36 months after the date of the SEPA II. The price of shares to be issued under
the SEPA II is the same as the determination of the price under SEPA I.

 The
SEPA II will terminate automatically on the earlier of December 22, 2027 or when the Investor has purchased an aggregate of $ 20 million
of the Company's shares of common stock. The Company has the right to terminate the SEPA II upon five trading days' prior
written notice to the Investor.

 In
connection with and subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions set forth in the SEPA II, upon the request of the Company, the
Investor will pre-advance to the Company up to $ 3,000,000 of the $ 20,000,000 commitment amount.

 The
Company paid a subsidiary of the Investor a structuring fee in the amount of $ 10,000 and
on December 28, 2023, the Company issued 110,554
shares of common stock as a commitment fee to a subsidiary of the Investor. The Company determined the value of the shares issued at
$ 254,274
based on the share price on the agreement date, which was recorded as prepaid expenses in other current assets during the year ended
December 31, 2023.

 22.

 On
 July 27, 2023, the Company issued 223,008 shares of common stock to Yaaran pursuant to the terms of the Exchange Agreement described
 in note 6 above. The Company determined the value of the shares issued at $ 997,024 based on the share price on the agreement date,
 which was recorded as research and development expenses during the year ended December 31, 2023.

 23.

 On
 November 23, 2023, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with a consultant (see note 10(1)) pursuant to which the
 consultant will provide the Company with public relations services for a period of three months for a one-time fee in the amount of
 $ 4,500 and
 subject to the approval of the board of directors of the Company, $ 10,000 of restricted shares of the Company's common stock,
 valued as of the date of the agreement, such shares to be issued in equal monthly installments. On December 7, 2023, the Company
 issued the first tranche of 1,755 shares
 of the Company's common stock to the consultant. The Company determined the value of the shares issued and the services
 provided until December 31, 2023 at $ 4,176 and
 recorded share base compensation expenses.

 24.

 On
 December 20, 2023, the board approved the issuance of an equity grant to executive officers, directors and consultants of an aggregate
 of 301,284 shares of common stock. Such shares were issued on December 21, 2023. The Company estimated the value of the shares issued
 at $ 540,805 based on the share price of the date of the board approval and recorded $ 540,805 as share based compensation expenses during
 the year ended December 31, 2023. See also note 10(11).

 F- 30

INC.

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
11 – STOCK OPTIONS

 On
October 18, 2018, the Company adopted the 2018 Share Incentive Plan (the "2018 Equity Incentive Plan"), pursuant to
which the Company's Board of Directors is authorized to grant options to purchase an aggregate of 27,211 shares
of common stock of the Company. The purpose of the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan is to offer attract and retain the best available
personnel, provide incentive to individuals who perform services for the Company and promote the success of the Company's
business.

 On
July 1, 2020, the Board approved an increase to the share option pool under the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan by 14,210
 shares of common stock, such that after the increase
the total number of shares of common stock issuable under the Plan is 41,421
 shares of common stock.

 On
August 29, 2022, the Company adopted the 2022 Share Incentive Plan (the "2022 Share Incentive Plan"), pursuant to which
the Company's board of directors is authorized to grant options to purchase up to 142,858
shares of common stock. The purpose of the 2022 Share Incentive
Plan is (1) to afford an incentive to service providers of the Company or any affiliate of the Company, which now exists or is
hereafter is organized or acquired by the Company or its affiliates, to continue as service providers, (2) to increase their efforts
on behalf of the Company or its affiliates and (3) to promote the success of the Company's business, by providing such service
providers with opportunities to acquire a proprietary interest in the Company through the issuance of shares or restricted shares of
common stock, and by the grant of options to purchase shares, restricted share units and other share-based awards.

 On
July 31, 2023, the board of directors approved and on October 2, 2023, the Company's stockholders approved an amendment to the Company's 2022 Share Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock authorized
for issuance under the 2022 Share Incentive Plan by an additional 928,572
shares of common stock.

 On
December 20, 2023, the board of directors of the Company approved the issuance of an equity grant to executive officers, directors
and consultants under the 2022 Share Incentive Plan of aggregate of 286,784
shares of common stock. See note10(24) above).

 The
following table presents the Company's stock option activity for employees and directors of the Company for the year ended December
31, 2023 and 2022:

 SCHEDULE OF STOCK OPTION ACTIVITY

 of Options

 Weighted Average

 Exercise Price

 at January 1, 2022

 23.69

 Granted

 6,015

 8.75

 Exercised

 -

 -

 Forfeited

 -

 -

 Expired

 -

 -

 at January 1, 2023

 33,533

 21.00

 Granted

 -

 -

 Exercised

 -

 -

 Forfeited

 ( 6,015
)

 8.75

 Expired

 -

 -

 at December 31, 2023

 23.69

 of options exercisable at December 31, 2023

 23.69

 F- 31

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
11 – STOCK OPTIONS (continue)

 The
aggregate intrinsic value of the awards outstanding as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 is $ 0. These amounts represent the total intrinsic
value, based on the Company's stock price of $ 2.00 and $ 5.28 as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, less the weighted exercise
price. This represents the potential amount received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options as of that
date.

 The
fair value of options granted during 2022 was estimated at the dates of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The following
are the data and assumptions used:

 SCHEDULE OF ESTIMATED FAIR VALUE OF OPTIONS GRANTED

 2022

 Dividend
 yield

 Expected
 volatility (%) (*)

 55.37 - 64.89
 %

 Risk-free
 interest rate (%) (**)

 3.46 - 3.48
 %

 Expected
 term of options (years) (***)

 5.31 - 6.31

 Exercise
 price (US dollars)

 7 - 10.5

 Share
 price (US dollars)

 20.09

 Fair
 value (US dollars)

 2.1 - 2.2

 (*)

 Due
 to the low trading volume of the Company's common stock and lack of historical information, the expected volatility was based
 on the historical volatility of the share price of other public companies that operate in the same industry sector as the Company
 (agricultural chemical industry).

 (**)

 The
 risk-free interest rate represented the risk-free rate of $ zero – coupon US Government Loans.

 (***)

 Due
 to the fact that the Company does not have sufficient historical exercise data, the expected term was determined based on the "simplified
 method".

 The
total fair value estimation of the non-cash compensation of the 2022 grant was approximately $ 90,665.
On March 29, 2023, the board approved an amendment to a consulting agreement pursuant to which the consultant will receive 7,143
restricted shares of common stock under the Company's 2022 Share Incentive Plan instead of options to purchase 6,015 shares of common stock. Expenses incurred in
respect of stock-based compensation for employees and directors, for the year ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 were $ 23,700
and $ 84,171,
respectively. The Group did not recognize an income tax benefit related to stock-based compensation as it is not recognized for
tax purposes in Israel and a full valuation allowance was recorded as it relates to the deferred tax asset of the
Company.

 As
of December 31, 2023, there are 12,955 options available for future grants under the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan and 641,788 options available
for future grants under the 2022 Share Incentive Plan

 F- 32

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
12 – WARRANTS

 1.

 On
 February 1, 2022, the Company entered into a letter agreement (the "Letter Agreement") with a consultant pursuant to
 which the consultant will provide the Company with public relations, branding and other services as detailed in the Letter
 Agreement. As consideration for the services, the Company will issue the consultant, a warrant to purchase up to an aggregate of 11,058
 shares of common stock, at an exercise price of $ 0.35
 per share (the "February 2022 Warrant"). Shares subject to the warrant with vest and become exercisable as to 2,212
 shares upon the later of (i) the date of the Letter Agreement or the approval of the Letter Agreement by the Board, and (ii) in four
 additional quarterly installments ending in February 2023.

 The
fair value of the February 2022 Warrant was determined based on the Company's share price as of the date of the Letter Agreement
using the Black-Scholes pricing model, assuming a risk-free rate of 1.35 %, a volatility factor of 52.14 %, dividend yields of 0 % and an
expected life of 0.75 years and was calculated at $ 332,859.

 On
July 28, 2022, the Company and the consultant entered into an amendment to the Letter Agreement pursuant to which no further shares
other than 4,423
shares which were then vested will be issuable to the consultant. The consultant will be entitled to a per hour fee with
a minimum aggregate compensation amounting to $ 30,600
for the six month period commencing on August 1, 2022.

the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded $ 138,692 as share based compensation expenses in respect of the February 2022
Warrant.

 2.

 On
 April 1, 2022, the Company entered into the April IR Agreement with a consultant for a period of 90 days (see note 10(5) above)
 pursuant to which the Company will issue a warrant (the "April Warrant") to purchase 8,574
 shares of common stock, of which (a) 2,858
 shares will vest after 12 months with an exercise price of $ 56.00,
 (b) 2,858
 shares will vest after 18 months with an exercise price of $ 66.50,
 and (c) 2,858
 shares will vest after 24 months with an exercise price of $ 77.00.
 The fair value of the April Warrant was determined based on the Company's share price as of the date of the April IR Agreement
 using the Black-Scholes pricing model, assuming a risk-free rate between 1.72 %
 to
 2.44 %, a volatility factor between 52.14 %
 to 63.36 %,
 dividend yields of 0 %
 and an expected life between 1
 to 2
 years and was calculated at $ 40,350.

 On
June 26, 2022, the Company amended the April IR Agreement (see note 10(5) above), pursuant to which the Company will engage the
consultant for an additional period of 90 days commencing on July 1, 2022 and will issue warrants to purchase 5,716
shares of common stock, of which (a) 2,858
shares will vest after 6 months with an exercise price of $ 31.50,
and (b) 2,858
shares will vest after 12 months with an exercise price of $ 42.00.
The fair value of the warrants was determined based on the Company's share price as of the date of the amendment using the
Black-Scholes pricing model, assuming a risk-free rate between
 2.52 % to 2.79 %,
a volatility factor between 52.12 %
to 56.48 %,
dividend yields of 0 %
and an expected life between 0.5
to 1
years and was calculated at $ 7,009.

 F- 33

INC.

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
13 – COST OF SALES

 SCHEDULE OF COST OF SALES

 2023

 2022

 Year

 2023

 2022

 and related expenses

 21,441

 32,583

 Materials

 26,804

 77,281

 Vehicle
 maintenance

 6,868

 18,175

 Travel

 -

 4,115

 Other

 26,159

 Cost
 of sales

 55,178

 158,313

 NOTE
14 – RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES

 SCHEDULE OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT EXPENSES

 2023

 2022

 Year

 2023

 2022

 and related expenses

 70,863

 438,217

 IPR&D

 1,661,707

 -

 Share
 based compensation

 -

 3,024

 Subcontractors

 138,478

 120,360

 Depreciation

 12,961

 22,034

 Travel

 -

 Vehicle
 maintenance

 14,598

 30,887

 Rent
 and asset management

 14,093

 35,556

 Laboratory
 and field tests

 1,889

 89,717

 Other

 23,645

 30,802

 and development expenses

 1,938,234

 770,826

 F- 34

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
15 – GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES

 SCHEDULE OF GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES

 2023

 2022

 Year

 2023

 2022

 Professional
 services

 1,899,847

 2,575,294

 and related expenses

 232,842

 297,848

 Share
 based compensation

 2,562,259

 934,188

 Legal

 276,336

 108,814

 Insurance

 245,482

 473,650

 Rent
 and office maintenance

 15,380

 50,361

 Registration
 fees

 261,622

 233,350

 Doubtful
 debt

 40,494

 -

 Depreciation

 8,195

 8,114

 Other

 33,386

 35,290

 and administrative expense

 5,575,843

 4,716,909

 NOTE
16 – FINANCING INCOME, NET

OF FINANCING EXPENSES NET

 2023

 2022

 Year

 2023

 2022

 Interest
 income

 65,757

 33,741

 Currency
 exchange differences

 ( 13,888
)

 14,857

 Bank
 charges and other finance expenses, net

 ( 5,358
)

 ( 8,797
)

 expenses net

 46,511

 39,801

 NOTE
17 – INCOME TAX

 A.

 The
 Company is subject to the U.S. federal income tax rate of 21% plus state income tax rates which vary from state to state.

 Income
of the Israeli company is taxable at enacted tax rate of 23%.

 The
 Company and Save Foods Ltd. have not received final tax assessments since their inception although the tax reports of the Company
 for the years through December 31, 2015 and of Save Foods Ltd for the years through December 31, 2017 are deemed to be
 final.

 As
 of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company and subsidiaries have estimated carry forward
 losses for tax purposes of approximately $ 9,246,178 and $ 15,442,691, respectively, of which
 $ 770,787 can be offset against taxable income generated until 2027 and $ 18,792,218 can be
 offset against future taxable income, if any.

 F- 35

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
17 – INCOME TAX (continue)

 B.

 The
 following is a reconciliation between the theoretical tax on pre-tax loss, at the income tax rate applicable to the Company (federal
 tax rate) and the income tax expense reported in the financial statements:

OF INCOME TAX EXPENSES

 2023

 2022

 Year

 2023

 2022

 Pretax
 loss

 7,259,918

 5,779,841

 Federal
 tax rate

 %

 %

 Income
 tax computed at the federal income tax rate

 1,524,583

 1,213,767

 Non-deductible

 ( 382,463
)

 ( 1,506
)

 Share-based
 compensation

 ( 27,242
)

 ( 19,359
)

 Differences
 in corporate income tax rates

 67,845

 52,813

 Remeasurement
 of deferred taxes for foreign currency effects

 98,655

 ( 365,167
)

 in valuation allowance

 ( 1,281,378
)

 ( 880,548
)

 Income
 tax expenses

 -

 -

 C.

 Deferred
 taxes result primarily from temporary differences in the recognition of certain revenue and expense items for financial and income
 tax reporting purposes and for carryforwards. Significant components of the Company's deferred assets and liabilities are as
 follows:

 SCHEDULE OF DEFERRED TAX ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

 2023

 2022

 Year

 2023

 2022

 Composition
 of deferred tax assets:

 Employees
 and related institutions

 3,581

 6,927

 loss carry-forwards

 5,493,516

 4,378,800

 lease liabilities

 10,669

 24,328

 Share-based
 compensation

 182,212

 182,212

 Others

 33,172

 241,325

 Total
 deferred tax assets

 5,723,150

 4,833,592

 Composition
 of deferred tax liabilities:

 Right-of-use
 asset

 ( 12,697
)

 ( 27,894
)

 Total
 deferred tax liabilities

 ( 12,697
)

 ( 27,894
)

 Net
 deferred tax assets

 5,710,453

 4,805,698

 Valuation
 allowance

 ( 5,710,453
)

 ( 4,805,698
)

 Deferred
 tax assets and liabilities

 -

 -

 The
net change during the year ended December 31, 2023 in the total valuation allowance amounted to $ 904,755

 F- 36

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
18 – LOSS PER SHARE

 Basic
loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year. The weighted average
number of shares of common stock used in computing basic and diluted loss per common stock for the years ended December 31, 2023 and
2022, are as follows:

OF BASIC AND DILUTED LOSS PER SHARE

 2023

 2022

 Year

 2022

 2021

 of shares

 Weighted
 average number of shares of common stock outstanding attributable to stockholders

 1,200,608

 528,776

 Total
 weighted average number of shares of common stock related to outstanding options, excluded from the calculations of diluted loss
 per share ( *)

 33,533

 (*)
 The effect of the
inclusion of option in 2023 and 2022 is anti-dilutive.

 NOTE
19 – RELATED PARTIES

 A.

 Transactions and balances with related parties

OF TRANSACTIONS AND BALANCES WITH RELATED PARTIES

 2023

 2022

 Year

 2023

 2022

 and administrative expenses:

 Directors
 compensation

 716,456

 419,057

 and fees to officers

 1,154,824

 665,982

 General and administrative expenses net

 (*) 1,871,280

 (*) 1,085,039

 (*)
 of which share based compensation

 987,962

 124,508

 and development expenses:

 and fees to officers

 33,417

 (
 *) 276,738

 (*)
 of which share based compensation

 -

 3,024

 and marketing expenses:

 and fees to officers

 33,417

 (
 *) 169,013

 (*)
 of which share based compensation

 -

 3,024

 B.
 Balances with related parties and officers:

 Other
 accounts payables

 139,117

 103,497

 F- 37

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
19 – RELATED PARTIES (continue)

 C.

 Other information:

 1.

 On
 November 6, 2020, the Company entered into a consulting agreement with S.T Sporting (1996) Ltd., for the services of David Palach (the
 "CEO Consulting Agreement"). Pursuant to the terms of the CEO Consulting Agreement, Mr. Palach provides services as chief
 executive officer. Pursuant to the terms of the CEO Consulting Agreement, Mr. Palach was entitled to a monthly fee in the amount of
 $ 8,000 plus value added tax per month and a grant of options to purchase shares of our common stock, which amount will be determined
 by good faith negotiations by the board of directors on a future date.

 On
June 23, 2021, the board of directors approved updated compensation for Mr. Palach pursuant to which Mr. Palach is entitled to a monthly
fee of $ 14,000 plus value added tax; reimbursement of expenses not exceeding $ 500 per month; a grant of an option to purchase shares
of common stock representing 4.5 % of the Company's outstanding capital stock as of June 23, 2021; the immediate repayment of $ 8,000,
representing debt payable to Mr. Palach that accrued from November 2020 until April 2021. In lieu of such option, the board of directors
approved the issuance of 42,858 shares of common stock to Mr. Palach in March 2023.

 On
August 29, 2022, the monthly fee of Mr. Palach was reduced to $ 6,000.

the compensation committee's recommendation of December 19, 2023, the board of directors approved a monthly fee increase of $ 1,000,
starting January 1, 2024. On January 8, 2024, the Board approved a bonus of $ 15,000.

 2.

 On
 June 23, 2021, the Board approved the compensation of the Company's Chairman of the Board, pursuant to which the
 Chairman of the Board will be entitled to a monthly fee of $ 5,000 and reimbursement of expenses of $ 500 per month. In addition, the
 Chairman of the Board shall receive a one-time grant of options to purchase shares of the Company representing 1.5% of the Company's
 outstanding share capital as of the date of the approval. The terms of the grant have not yet been determined.

 On
August 29, 2022, the Board approved an increase of the monthly fee from $ 5,500
to $ 8,000
and a one-time bonus of $ 25,000.

the compensation committee's recommendation of December 19, 2023, the board of directors approved a monthly fee increase of $ 1,000,
starting January 1, 2024. On January 8, 2024 the Board approved bonus of $ 15,000.

 3.

 On
 June 23, 2021, the Board approved the compensation for each of members of the board, pursuant to which each member of the board will
 be entitled to an annual fee of NIS 100,000
 (approximately $ 30,500). In
 addition, each member of the Board will receive a one-time grant of options to purchase shares of the Company representing 0.25% of
 the Company's outstanding share capital as of the date of the approval. The terms of the grant have not yet been determined. On
 August 29, 2022, the Board approved, an increase in the quarterly fee of each member of the Board from NIS 25,000
 (approximately $ 7,575)
 to $ 10,575.
 On December 20, 2023, the board approved the issuance of shares to directors in lieu of the grant of options.

 4.

 On
 April 18, 2022, Save Foods Ltd., entered into a consulting agreement with Shlomo Zakai CPA ("Consultant") for, among
 other things, chief financial officer services to be provided to Save Foods Ltd. exclusively by Lital Barda. for a monthly base
 salary of NIS 25,000
 to be paid for Ms. Barda's services The agreement may be terminated by either party upon 30 days' written notice or by
 Save Foods Ltd. upon the occurrence of certain events as set forth in the agreement. On January 8, 2024, the Board approved a bonus
 of $ 7,500
 to Ms. Barda.

 5.

 On
 November 12, 2023, upon the recommendation of the nominating and corporate governance committee of the Board, Liat Sidi was appointed
 as a Class II Director to serve until the Company's 2026 annual meeting of stockholders. Ms. Sidi was not appointed to serve
 on any committee of the board. The board of directors has determined that Ms. Sidi is independent and there are no family relationships
 between Ms. Sidi and any other director or executive officer of the Company.

 6.

 On
 December 20, 2023, Asaf Itzhaik was appointed to the board of directors of the Company to serve as a Class II director until the Company's
 2026 annual meeting of stockholders. Mr. Itzhaik was designated by Plantify as its representative on the board in accordance with the
 Securities Exchange Agreement, dated March 31, 2023, between the Company and Plantify, to replace Dr. Roy Borochov who resigned from
 the board on December 15, 2023. Dr. Borochov's resignation was not the result of a disagreement with the Company on any matter
 relating to the Company's operations, policies or practices.

 F- 38

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
20 – SEGMENT REPORTING

 A.

 Information about reported segment profit or loss and assets

the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company had one reportable segment. As a result of the formation of a new subsidiary, in the reporting
period (see note 6), the Company has two reportable segments: (i) Pathogen prevention and prolong shelf life, and (ii) the N2O emissions
Global warming solutions. The Pathogen prevention operating segment consists Save Food Ltd. and the Global warming solutions operating
segment consist of NTWO OFF Ltd.

 Information
related to the operations of the Company's reportable operating segments is set forth below:

OF SEGMENT REPORTING PROFIT AND LOSS

 Pathogen prevention

 Global warming solutions

 Total

 Year ended December 31, 2023

 -

 Operating loss

 ( 1,098,383
)

 ( 1,788,093
)

 ( 2,886,476
)

 Unallocated amounts:

 Unallocated costs

 ( 4,691,300

)

 Total operating loss

 ( 7,577,776

)

 Financing income, net

 46,511

 Other income

 984,940

 Changes in fair value of an investment in an associate measured under the fair value option

 ( 713,593
)

 Net loss

 ( 7,259,918
)

 B.

 Information on sales by geographic distribution:

 Sales are attributed to geographic distribution based on the location of the customer.

OF INFORMATION ON SALES BY GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION

 2023

 2022

 Year

 2023

 2022

 142,733

 163,644

 Mexico

 109,824

 154,425

 9,869

 29,998

 Turkey

 1,019

 45,937

 Revenues from sales of products

 394,004

 F- 39

 NOTES

 (U.S.

 NOTE
20 – SEGMENT REPORTING (continue)

 C.

 Sales to single customers exceeding 10 % of sales:

OF SALES TO CUSTOMERS

 2023

 2022

 Year

 2023

 2022

 Customer
 A

 142,733

 163,644

 Customer
 B

 109,824

 154,425

 Customer
 C

 -

 45,937

 Revenues from sales of products

 252,557

 364,006

 D.

 Information on Long-Lived Assets - Property, Plant and Equipment and ROU assets by geographic areas:

 The
following table presents the locations of the Company's long-lived assets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

OF INFORMATION ON LONG LIVED ASSETS

 2023

 2022

 Year

 2023

 2022

 102,103

 207,779

 21,046

 11,990

 Property, plant and
 equipment and ROU assets

 123,149

 219,769

 NOTE
21 – SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

 On
February 8, 2024, the Company held a special meeting of its stockholders (the "Special Meeting") in which it approved
the issuance of 20% or more of its shares of common stock pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement with the Investor describe above in note 10 (21). In addition, the stockholders approved an amendment to the Articles of Incorporation of the Company for the
change of name of the Company's name from "Save Foods, Inc." to "N2OFF, Inc."

 On
February 21, 2024, the Company's Israeli subsidiary, Nitrousink, Ltd., changed
its name to NTWO OFF Ltd.

 On March 19, 2024, the Company changed
its name from "Save Foods, Inc." to "N2OFF, Inc."

 On March 13, 2023 and March 18, 2023,
the Company issued 10,000 and 18,333 shares of common stock, respectively to the Investor pursuant to the terms of SEPA II.

 On March 18, 2024, the Company
issued 1,286
shares of common stock to a consultant for consulting services provided to the Company.

 On March 18, 2024, the Company issued 3,508 shares
of common stock to a consultant for consulting services provided to the Company.

 F- 40