UNITED STATES

 SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

 Washington, D. C. 20549

 FORM 10-K

 (Mark one)

 ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024

 OR

 TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 For the transition period from to

 Commission File Number 0-01989

 Seneca Foods Corporation

 (Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

 New York

 16-0733425

 (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

 (I. R. S. Employer Identification No.)

 350 WillowBrook Office Park, Fairport, New York

 14450

 (Address of principal executive offices)

 (Zip Code)

 Registrant's telephone number, including area code: ( 585) 495-4100

 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 Title of Each Class

 Trading Symbol

 Name of Exchange on Which Registered

 Common Stock Class A, $0.25 Par

 SENEA

 NASDAQ Global Select Market

 Common Stock Class B, $0.25 Par

 SENEB

 NASDAQ Global Select Market

 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

 Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes No

 Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes No

 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes No

 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes No

 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 Large accelerated filer

 Accelerated filer

 Non-accelerated filer

 Smaller reporting company

 Emerging growth company

 If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.

 If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.

 Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).

 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes No

 The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant as of September 29, 2023, the last business day of the Registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was $ 296,458,515 (based on the closing share price per market reports generated from the NASDAQ Global Select Market System on September 29, 2023).

 As of May 23, 2024, there were 5,312,025 shares of Class A common stock and 1,652,411 shares of Class B common stock outstanding.

 DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:

 Portions of the registrant's definitive Proxy Statement for the 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held hereafter, and the Annual Report to Shareholders of Seneca Foods Corporation for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 (the "Annual Report"), included as Exhibit 13 to this Form 10-K, are incorporated by reference in Parts I, II, III, and IV hereof.

 SENECA FOODS CORPORATION

 ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K

 FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED MARCH 31, 2024

 PART I.

 Pages

 Item 1.

 Business

 Item 1A.

 Risk Factors

 Item 1B.

 Unresolved Staff Comments

 Item 1C.

 Cybersecurity

 Item 2.

 Properties

 Item 3.

 Legal Proceedings

 Item 4.

 Mine Safety Disclosures

 PART II.

 Item 5.

 Market for Registrant's Common Stock, Related Security Holder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 Item 6.

 [Reserved]

 Item 7.

 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 Item 7A.

 Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

 Item 8.

 Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 Item 9.

 Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting Financial Disclosure

 Item 9A.

 Controls and Procedures

 Item 9B.

 Other Information

 Item 9C.

 Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections

 PART III.

 Item 10.

 Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

 Item 11.

 Executive Compensation

 Item 12.

 Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

 Item 13.

 Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

 Item 14.

 Principal Accountant Fees and Services

 PART IV.

 Item 15.

 Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

 Item 16.

 Form 10-K Summary

 SIGNATURES

 Forward-Looking Statements

 This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains "forward-looking statements" as that term is used in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements can be identified by the fact that they address future events, developments, and results and do not relate strictly to historical facts. Any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, any statement that may predict, forecast, indicate, or imply future results, performance, or achievements, and may contain the words "will," "anticipate," "estimate," "expect," "project," "intend," "plan," "believe," "seeks," "should," "likely," "targets," "may", "can" and variations thereof and similar expressions. Forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed. We believe important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations include, but are not limited to, the following:

 o

 the effects of rising costs and availability of raw fruit and vegetables, steel, ingredients, packaging, other raw materials, distribution and labor;

 o

 crude oil prices and their impact on distribution, packaging and energy costs;

 o

 an overall labor shortage, ability to retain a sufficient seasonal workforce, lack of skilled labor, labor inflation or increased turnover impacting our ability to recruit and retain employees;

 o

 climate and weather affecting growing conditions and crop yields;

 o

 our ability to successfully implement sales price increases and cost saving measures to offset cost increases;

 o

 the loss of significant customers or a substantial reduction in orders from these customers;

 o

 effectiveness of our marketing and trade promotion programs;

 o

 competition, changes in consumer preferences, demand for our products and local economic and market conditions;

 o

 the impact of a pandemic on our business, suppliers, customers, consumers and employees;

 o

 unanticipated expenses, including, without limitation, litigation or legal settlement expenses;

 o

 product liability claims;

 o

 the anticipated needs for, and the availability of, cash;

 o

 the availability of financing;

 o

 leverage and the ability to service and reduce debt;

 o

 foreign currency exchange and interest rate fluctuations;

 o

 the risks associated with the expansion of our business;

 o

 the ability to successfully integrate acquisitions into our operations;

 o

 our ability to protect information systems against, or effectively respond to, a cybersecurity incident or other disruption;

 o

 other factors that affect the food industry generally, including:

 recalls if products become adulterated or misbranded, liability if product consumption causes injury, ingredient disclosure and labeling laws and regulations and the possibility that consumers could lose confidence in the safety and quality of certain food products;

 competitors' pricing practices and promotional spending levels;

 fluctuations in the level of our customers' inventories and credit and other business risks related to our customers operating in a challenging economic and competitive environment; and

 the risks associated with third-party suppliers, including the risk that any failure by one or more of our third-party suppliers to comply with food safety or other laws and regulations may disrupt our supply of raw materials or certain finished goods products or injure our reputation; and

 o

 changes in, or the failure or inability to comply with, U.S., foreign and local governmental regulations, including environmental and health and safety regulations.

 Any of these factors, as well as such other factors as discussed in (1) Part I, Item 1A., "Risk Factors" of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, (2) Part II, Item 7, "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and (3) in our other periodic filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"), could cause our actual results to differ materially from our anticipated results. The information provided in this Form 10-K is based upon the facts and circumstances known as of the date of this report, and any forward-looking statements made by us in this Form 10-K speak only as of the date on which they are made. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update these forward-looking statements after the date of this Form 10-K to reflect events or circumstances after such date, or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.

 Item 1. Business

 Overview

 Seneca Foods Corporation ("Seneca" or the "Company") was founded in 1949 and has evolved through internal growth and strategic acquisitions into a leading provider of packaged fruits and vegetables, with 26 main facilities located throughout the United States. The facilities are comprised of plants for packaging, can manufacturing, seed production, a farming operation and a logistical support network. Food packaging operations are primarily supported by plant locations in New York, Michigan, Oregon, Wisconsin, Washington, Idaho, Illinois, and Minnesota. The Company also maintains warehouses which are generally located adjacent to its packaging plants. The Company is incorporated in New York with its headquarters located at 350 WillowBrook Office Park, Fairport, New York 14450 and its telephone number is (585) 495-4100.

 The Company's business strategies are designed to grow its market share and enhance sales and margins. These strategies include: 1) expand the Company's leadership in the packaged fruit and vegetable industry; 2) provide low-cost, high-quality fruit and vegetable products to consumers through the elimination of costs from the Company's supply chain and investment in state-of-the-art production and logistical technology; 3) focus on growth opportunities to capitalize on higher expected returns; and 4) pursue strategic acquisitions that leverage the Company's core competencies.

 Available Information

 The Company's Internet address is www.senecafoods.com. The Company's annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, are available on the Company's web site, as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC. All such filings on the Company's web site are available free of charge. Information on our website is not part of the annual report on Form 10-K.

 In addition, the Company's website includes items related to corporate governance matters, including charters of various committees of the Board of Directors and the Company's Code of Business Conduct and Ethics. The Company intends to disclose on its website any amendment to or waiver of any provision of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that would otherwise be required to be disclosed under the rules of the SEC and NASDAQ.

 Financial Information about Industry Segments

 The Company manages its business almost entirely on the basis of two reportable food packaging segments: Vegetable and Fruit/Snack. The Other category comprises non-food operations including revenue derived from the sale of cans, ends, seed, and outside revenue from the Company's trucking and aircraft operations, and certain corporate items. The Company's food operations constituted 98% of total net sales in fiscal year 2024. Canned vegetables represented 83%, frozen vegetables represented 8%, fruit products represented 6%, and snack products represented 1% of the total food packaging net sales. Non-food packaging sales represented 2% of the Company's fiscal year 2024 net sales. Refer to the information set forth under the heading " Segment Information " in Note 13 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data", for additional discussion about the Company's segments.

 Principal Products and Markets

 The Company's principal product offerings include canned, frozen and jarred produce, and snack chips. The Company manufactures and sells the following:

 private label products to retailers, such as supermarkets, mass merchandisers, and specialty retailers, for resale under the retailers' own or controlled labels;

 private label and branded products to the foodservice industry, including foodservice distributors and national restaurant operators;

 branded products under national and regional brands that the Company owns or licenses, including Seneca, Libby's, Green Giant, Aunt Nellie's, CherryMan, Green Valley and READ;

 branded products under co-pack agreements to other major branded companies for their distribution; and

 products to the Company's industrial customer base for repackaging in portion control packages and for use as ingredients by other food manufacturers.

 The Company's fruits and vegetables are sold nationwide by major grocery outlets, including supermarkets, mass merchandisers, limited assortment stores, club stores and dollar stores. The Company also sells its products to foodservice distributors, restaurant chains, industrial markets, other food processors, export customers in approximately 55 countries and federal, state and local governments for school and other food programs. Additionally, the Company packs canned and frozen vegetables under contract packing agreements. The following table summarizes net sales by major product category for fiscal years 2024 and 2023 (in thousands):

 Fiscal Year:

 2024

 2023

 Canned vegetables

 $

 1,204,823

 $

 1,253,257

 Frozen vegetables

 120,795

 121,211

 Fruit products

 87,435

 91,495

 Snack products

 13,400

 12,661

 Other

 32,150

 30,728

 $

 1,458,603

 $

 1,509,352

 Source and Availability of Raw Materials

 The Company's high-quality products are primarily sourced from more than 1,200 American farms. The Company purchases other raw materials, including steel, ingredients and packaging materials from commodity processors, steel producers and packaging suppliers. Raw materials and other input costs, such as labor, fuel, utilities and transportation, are subject to fluctuations in price attributable to a number of factors. Fluctuations in commodity prices can lead to retail price volatility and can influence consumer and trade buying patterns. The cost of raw materials, fuel, labor, distribution and other costs related to our operations can increase from time to time significantly and unexpectedly.

 The Company continues to experience material cost inflation for many of its raw materials and other input costs attributable to a number of factors, including but not limited to, supply chain disruptions (including raw material shortages), labor shortages, the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, and the conflict in Israel and Gaza. While the Company has no direct exposure to these conflicts, it has continued to experience increased costs for transportation, energy, and raw materials due in part to the negative impact on the global economy. The Company attempts to manage cost inflation risks by locking in prices through short-term supply contracts, advance grower purchase agreements, and by implementing cost saving measures. The Company also attempts to offset rising input costs by raising sales prices to its customers. However, increases in the prices the Company charges its customers may lag behind rising input costs. Competitive pressures also may limit the Company's ability to quickly raise prices in response to rising costs. To the extent the Company is unable to avoid or offset any present or future cost increases, its operating results could be materially adversely affected.

 Domestic and International Sales

 The following table sets forth domestic and international sales (in thousands, except percentages):

 Fiscal Year

 2024

 2023

 Net sales:

 Domestic

 $

 1,374,774

 $

 1,408,710

 International

 83,829

 100,642

 Total net sales

 $

 1,458,603

 $

 1,509,352

 As a percentage of net sales:

 Domestic

 94.3

 %

 93.3

 %

 International

 5.7

 %

 6.7

 %

 Total

 100.0

 %

 100.0

 %

 Intellectual Property

 The Company has a license agreement with B&G Foods, Inc., for use of the Green Giant brand name to manufacture, market, distribute, and sell shelf-stable vegetable products within the United States and its territories, and certain Caribbean islands in perpetuity. The license is royalty free and does not include Green Giant frozen, Green Giant Canada or the Le Sueur brand.

 The Company holds the Libby's brand name pursuant to a trademark license. The license is limited to vegetables which are shelf-stable, frozen, and thermally packaged, and includes the Company's major vegetable varieties – corn, peas and green beans – as well as certain other thermally packaged vegetable varieties and sauerkraut. The license is renewable by the Company every 10 years for an aggregate period expiring in March 2081.

 The Company is required to pay an annual royalty to Libby's Brand Holding, Ltd., who may terminate the license for non-payment of royalty, use of the trademark in sales outside the licensed territory, failure to achieve a minimum level of sales under the licensed trademark during any calendar year or a material breach or default by the Company under the agreement (which is not cured within the specified cure period). A total of $0.1 million was paid as a royalty fee for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024.

 The Company also sells canned vegetables, frozen vegetables, jarred fruit, and other food products under several other brands for which the Company has obtained registered trademarks, including, Aunt Nellie's, CherryMan, Green Valley, READ, Seneca, and other regional brands.

 Seasonality

 While individual vegetables have seasonal cycles of peak production and sales, the different cycles are somewhat offsetting. Minimal food packaging occurs in the Company's last fiscal quarter ending March 31, which is the optimal time for maintenance, repairs and equipment changes in its packaging plants. The supply of commodities, current pricing, and expected new crop quantity and quality affect the timing and amount of the Company's sales and earnings. When the seasonal harvesting periods of the Company's major vegetables are newly completed, inventories for these packaged vegetables are at their highest levels. For peas, the peak inventory time is mid-summer and for corn and green beans, the Company's highest volume vegetables, the peak inventory is in mid-autumn. The seasonal nature of the Company's production cycle results in inventory and accounts payable reaching their lowest point late in mid-to-late first quarter prior to the new seasonal pack commencing. As the seasonal pack progresses, these components of working capital both increase until the pack is complete.

 The Company's revenues typically are highest in the second and third fiscal quarters. This is due, in part, because the Company's fruit and vegetable sales exhibit seasonal increases in the third fiscal quarter due to increased retail demand during the holiday season. In addition, the Company sells canned and frozen vegetables to a co-pack customer on a bill and hold basis at the end of each pack cycle, which typically occurs during these quarters.

 These seasonal fluctuations are illustrated in the following table, which presents certain unaudited quarterly financial information for the periods indicated (in thousands):

 First
 Quarter

 Second
 Quarter

 Third
 Quarter

 Fourth
 Quarter

 Fiscal Year 2024:

 Net sales

 $

 298,664

 $

 407,475

 $

 444,481

 $

 307,983

 Gross margin

 55,289

 58,118

 54,033

 20,778

 Net earnings (loss)

 23,111

 24,779

 17,675

 (2,247

)

 Revolver outstanding (at quarter end)

 52,064

 134,757

 258,108

 237,225

 Fiscal Year 2023:

 Net sales

 $

 265,193

 $

 439,842

 $

 473,254

 $

 331,063

 Gross margin

 22,843

 41,779

 53,789

 (14,092

)

 Net earnings (loss)

 5,103

 16,131

 21,054

 (33,057

)

 Revolver outstanding (at quarter end)

 78,965

 229,213

 313,808

 180,598

 Competition

 Competition in the packaged food industry is substantial with brand recognition and promotion, quality, service, and pricing being the major determinants in the Company's relative market position. The Company believes that it is a major producer of canned vegetables, frozen vegetables, and jarred fruit but some producers of these products have sales which exceed the Company's sales. The Company is aware of at least 13 competitors in the U.S. packaged fruit and vegetable industry, many of which are privately held companies.

 Government Regulation

 The Company is subject to extensive regulations in the United States by federal, state and local government authorities. In the United States, the federal agencies governing the manufacture, marketing and distribution of our products include, among others, the Federal Trade Commission ("FTC"), the United States Food & Drug Administration ("FDA"), the United States Department of Agriculture ("USDA"), the United States Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration ("OSHA"). Under various statutes, these agencies prescribe and establish, among other things, the requirements and standards for quality, safety and representation of the Company's products to the consumer in labeling and advertising.

 Environmental protection is an area that has been worked on diligently at each food packaging facility. In all locations, the Company has cooperated with federal, state, and local environmental protection authorities in developing and maintaining suitable antipollution facilities. In general, we believe our pollution control facilities are equal to or somewhat superior to those of our competitors and are within environmental protection standards. The Company does not expect any capital expenditures out of the ordinary course of business in order to comply with environmental regulations in the near future.

 There has been a broad range of proposed and promulgated state, national and international regulations aimed at reducing the effects of climate change. In the United States, there is a significant possibility that some form of regulation will be forthcoming at the federal level to address the effects of climate change. Such regulation could result in the creation of additional costs in the form of taxes, consultant expenses, the restriction of output, investments of capital to maintain compliance with laws and regulations or required acquisition or trading of emission allowances.

 Environmental Matters

 Seneca publishes an annual Corporate Responsibility Report which highlights its vision for and approach to corporate sustainability and details key initiatives it is undertaking in the areas of environmental stewardship, social responsibility, and corporate governance. The report is available on our website and is not a part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 The Company takes its responsibility to be a good steward of the environment seriously and adopts policies and procedures under the guidance of the Board of Directors that advance our performance. We monitor existing and pending climate legislation and regulation to evaluate any potential impact on our future results of operations, capital expenditures or financial position. The Board of Directors provides oversight as part of their evaluation of business responsibility and sustainability initiatives, and we will continue to monitor emerging developments and assess our performance in this area. We may face additional economic and operational impacts from ESG regulations as well as impacts from our suppliers and customers as they adhere to the laws and regulations.

 Human Capital

 Employment

 As of March 31, 2024, Seneca employed approximately 2,900 employees and employed an additional approximately 3,900 seasonal employees during the Company's peak summer harvest season. 100% of our employees are located in the United States, distributed across the Company's facilities.

 Culture

 At Seneca, we work hard every day to feed the world safe and nutritious products, while adhering to our fundamental beliefs (which can be found on our website). These beliefs include acting with integrity in all matters, treating employees with respect, and maintaining the highest standards for protecting our workers. We also believe in promoting from within, which has resulted in many long-tenured employees in leadership positions throughout the Company.

 Employee Health and Safety

 The health and safety of our employees is a top priority at Seneca. The Company complies with all national and local laws of the jurisdictions in which we operate regarding worker health and safety. In addition, we work to continuously improve our safety record with worker safety training and Seneca's HERO ("Health Environment Risk Observation") program, in which employees proactively identify and mitigate potential safety risks. At Seneca, we believe that safety is everyone's responsibility, and the HERO program reflects that commitment, with close to 100% employee participation.

 The Company also conducts annual safety audits at all processing locations to ensure compliance with Seneca and OSHA safety standards. External risk management services are also consulted as part of this process. The Company's management recognizes plants that achieve at least one million work hours or 1,000 days worked without a lost time injury to employees with the President's "Bronze Eagle" award, which is prominently displayed at many of our processing facilities.

 Employee Training and Development

 Seneca believes in developing internal talent and providing employees with an opportunity for education and advancement. In support of this endeavor, we have developed three key programs. SAVES ("Seneca Adding Value Employee System") focuses on employee empowerment, education, and application of lean manufacturing principles. The Company's dedicated SAVES instructors and project leaders educate employees and empower them to make process improvements at all of our processing facilities. GROWS ("Get Rid of Waste Systemically") supports our leadership development efforts through continuous improvement project leadership. LEADS ("Leadership Education and Development at Seneca") is a training program focused on leadership, managing employees in a positive and productive manner, and reinforces many of our fundamental beliefs, such as treating employees with respect.

 Culture

 Seneca believes that everyone should feel respected and welcome in our workplace. The Company is committed to providing equal opportunity in all aspects of employment, and to applying fair labor practices while respecting the national and local laws of the states and communities where we have operations. The Company does not engage in or tolerate discrimination, intimidation, harassment, or any other unlawful conduct. We believe that a diverse and inclusive workforce provides the Company with the benefits of different viewpoints and perspectives, as well as a talented and innovative employee base.

 Item 1A. Risk Factors

 The following factors as well as factors described elsewhere in this Form 10-K or in other filings by the Company with the SEC, could adversely affect the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows. Other factors not presently known to us or that we presently believe are not material could also affect our business operations or financial results. The Company refers to itself as "we", "our" or "us" in this section.

 Fruit and Vegetable Industry Risks

 Excess capacity in the fruit and vegetable industry has a downward impact on selling price.

 If canned vegetable, frozen vegetable, or jarred fruit categories decline, less shelf space will be devoted to these categories in the supermarkets. Fresh and perishable businesses are improving their delivery systems around the world and the availability of fresh produce is impacting the consumers purchasing patterns relating to packaged fruit and vegetables. Our financial performance and growth are related to conditions in the United States' fruit and vegetable packaging industry which is a mature industry. Our net sales are a function of product availability and market pricing. In the fruit and vegetable packaging industry, product availability and market prices tend to have an inverse relationship: market prices tend to decrease as more product is available and to increase if less product is available. Product availability is a direct result of plantings, growing conditions, crop yields and inventory levels, all of which vary from year to year. These factors may have a significant effect on supply and competition and create downward pressure on prices. In addition, market prices can be affected by the planting and inventory levels and individual pricing decisions of our competitors. Generally, market prices in the fruit and vegetable packaging industry adjust more quickly to variations in product availability than an individual packager can adjust its cost structure; thus, in an oversupply situation, a packager's margins likely will weaken. We typically have experienced lower margins during times of industry oversupply.

 In the past, the fruit and vegetable packaging industry has been characterized by excess capacity, with resulting pressure on our prices and profit margins. We have closed packaging plants in past years in response to the downward pressure on prices. There can be no assurance that our margins will improve in response to favorable market conditions or that we will be able to operate profitably during depressed market conditions.

 Growing cycles and adverse weather conditions may decrease our results from operations.

 Our operations are affected by the growing cycles of the vegetables we package. When the vegetables are ready to be picked, we must harvest and package them quickly or lose the opportunity to package the impacted vegetables for an entire year. Most of our vegetables are grown by farmers under contract with us. Consequently, we must pay the contract grower for the vegetables even if we cannot or do not harvest or package them. Most of our production occurs during the second quarter (July through September) of our fiscal year, which corresponds with the quarter that the growing season ends for most of the produce packaged by us. A majority of our sales occur during the second and third quarters of each fiscal year due to seasonal consumption patterns for our products. Accordingly, inventory levels and accounts receivable levels are highest during the second and third quarters. Net sales generated during our second and third fiscal quarters have a significant impact on our results of operations. Because of these seasonal fluctuations, the results of any particular quarter, particularly in the first half of our fiscal year, will not necessarily be indicative of results for the full year or for future years.

 We set our planting schedules without knowing the effect of the weather on the crops or on the entire industry's production. Weather conditions during the course of each vegetable crop's growing season will affect the volume and growing time of that crop. As most of our vegetables are produced in more than one part of the United States, this somewhat reduces the risk that our entire crop will be subject to disastrous weather. The upper Midwest is the primary growing region for the principal vegetables which we pack, namely peas, green beans and corn, and it is also a substantial source of our competitors' vegetable production. A sizeable portion of our vegetable production areas are serviced with irrigation systems to help minimize (i) wet conditions for planting and (ii) dry conditions during the growing season. Any adverse effects of weather-related reduced production may be partially mitigated by higher selling prices for the vegetables which are produced.

 The commodity materials that we package or otherwise require are subject to price increases that could adversely affect our profitability.

 The materials that we use, such as raw fruit and vegetables, steel, ingredients, pouches and other packaging materials as well as the electricity, diesel fuel, and natural gas used in our business, are commodities that may experience price volatility caused by external factors, including but not limited to market fluctuations, availability, currency fluctuations and changes in governmental regulations and agricultural programs. General inventory positions of major commodities, such as field corn, soybeans and wheat, all commodities with which we must compete for acreage, can have dramatic effects on prices for those commodities, which can translate into similar swings in prices needed to be paid for our contracted commodities. These programs and other events can result in reduced supplies of these commodities, higher supply costs or interruptions in our production schedules. If prices of these commodities increase beyond what we can pass along to our customers, our operating income will decrease.

 Risks Associated with Our Operations

 Changes in economic conditions that impact consumer spending could harm our business.

 The food products industry and our financial performance are sensitive to changes in overall economic conditions that impact consumer spending, including but not limited to inflation, economic volatility resulting from a pandemic and global conflicts. Future economic conditions affecting consumer income such as employment levels, business conditions, interest rates, inflation and tax rates could reduce consumer spending or cause consumers to shift their spending to other products. Historic increases in inflation following the COVID-19 pandemic may cause consumers to be more sensitive to price changes. A general reduction in the level of consumer spending or shifts in consumer spending to other products could have a material adverse effect on our growth, sales, and profitability.

 Pandemics or disease outbreaks may disrupt our business, including among other things, our supply chain, our manufacturing operations and customer and consumer demand for our products, and could have a material adverse impact on our business.

 The spread of pandemics or disease outbreaks may negatively affect our operations. If a significant percentage of our workforce or the workforce of our third-party business partners is unable to work, including because of illness or travel or government restrictions in connection with a pandemic or disease outbreak, our operations may be negatively impacted. Some of our workforce dwell in company provided housing and therefore any outbreaks would need to be managed, to the extent possible, to meet health care protocols. Pandemics or disease outbreaks could result in a widespread health crisis that could adversely affect economies and financial markets, consumer spending and confidence levels resulting in an economic downturn that could affect customer and consumer demand for our products.

 Our efforts to manage and mitigate these factors may be unsuccessful, and the effectiveness of these efforts depends on factors beyond our control, including the duration and severity of any pandemic or disease outbreak, as well as third party actions taken to contain its spread and mitigate public health effects.

 The ultimate impact of a pandemic on our business will depend on many factors, including, among others, the duration of social distancing and stay-at-home mandates, our ability to continue to operate our manufacturing facilities and maintain the supply chain without material disruption, and the extent to which macroeconomic conditions resulting from the pandemic and the pace of the subsequent recovery may impact consumer eating habits.

 We depend upon key customers.

 Our products are sold in a highly competitive marketplace, which includes increased concentration and a growing presence of large-format retailers and discounters. Dependence upon key customers could lead to increased pricing pressure by these customers. A relatively limited number of customers account for a large percentage of the Company's total net sales. The top ten customers represented approximately 52% and 55% of net sales for fiscal years 2024 and 2023, respectively. If we lose a significant customer or if sales to a significant customer materially decrease, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

 If we do not maintain the market shares of our products, our business and revenues may be adversely affected.

 All of our products compete with those of other national and regional food packaging companies under highly competitive conditions. The fruit and vegetable products which we sell under our own brand names not only compete with fruit and vegetable products produced by food packaging competitors, but also compete with products we produce and sell under contract packing agreements with other companies who market those products under their own brand names and the vegetables we sell to various retail grocery chains which carry our customer's own brand names.

 The customers who buy our products to sell under their own brand names control the marketing programs for those products. In recent years, many major retail food chains have been increasing their promotions, offerings and shelf space allocations for their own fruit and vegetable brands, to the detriment of fruit and vegetable brands owned by the packagers, including our own brands. We cannot predict the pricing or promotional activities of our customers/competitors or whether they will have a negative effect on us. There are competitive pressures and other factors, which could cause our products to lose market share or result in significant price erosion that could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 The domestic packaged food industry continues to face import competition which has increased in recent years. The ramifications include, but are not limited to, market oversaturation, inferior quality of imported products competing in the same market as products sourced from the United States, and potential increased pricing pressure on domestic producers for finished goods. These factors could negatively affect our existing market share and adversely impact the Company's financial condition and results of operations.

 Increases in logistics and other transportation-related costs could materially adversely impact our results of operations.

 Our ability to competitively serve our customers depends on the availability of reliable and low-cost transportation. We use multiple forms of transportation to bring our products to market. They include trucks, intermodal, rail cars, and ships. Disruption to the timely supply of these services or increases in the cost of these services for any reason, including availability or cost of fuel, regulations affecting the industry, or labor shortages in the transportation industry, could have an adverse effect on our ability to serve our customers, and could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 A recall of our products could have a material adverse effect on our business. In addition, we may be subject to significant liability should the consumption of any of our products cause injury, illness or death.

 The sale of food products for human consumption involves the risk of illness or injury to consumers. Such injuries may result from mislabeling, tampering by unauthorized third parties or product contamination or spoilage, including the presence of foreign objects, undeclared allergens, substances, chemicals, other agents or residues introduced during the growing, manufacturing, storage, handling or transportation phases of production. Under certain circumstances, we may be required to recall products, leading to a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. Even if a situation does not necessitate a recall, product liability claims might be asserted against us. We have from time to time been involved in product liability lawsuits, none of which have been material to our business. While we are subject to governmental inspection and regulations and believe our facilities comply in all material respects with all applicable laws and regulations, if the consumption of any of our products causes, or is alleged to have caused, a health-related illness in the future we may become subject to claims or lawsuits relating to such matters. Even if a product liability claim is unsuccessful or is not fully pursued, the negative publicity surrounding any assertion that our products caused injury, illness or death could adversely affect our reputation with existing and potential customers and our corporate and brand image. Moreover, claims or liabilities of this sort might not be covered by our insurance or by any rights of indemnity or contribution that we may have against others. We maintain product liability insurance in an amount we believe to be adequate. However, we cannot assure you that we will not incur claims or liabilities for which we are not insured or that exceed the amount of our insurance coverage. A product liability judgment against us or a product recall or the damage to our reputation resulting therefrom could have a material adverse effect on our business, consolidated financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

 Pending and future litigation may lead us to incur significant costs.

 We are, or may become, party to various lawsuits and claims arising in the normal course of business, which may include lawsuits or claims relating to contracts, intellectual property, product recalls, product liability, the marketing and labeling of products, employment matters, environmental matters or other aspects of our business. Even when not merited, the defense of these lawsuits may divert our management's attention, and we may incur significant expenses in defending these lawsuits. In addition, we may be required to pay damage awards or settlements or become subject to injunctions or other equitable remedies, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, consolidated financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. The outcome of litigation is often difficult to predict, and the outcome of pending or future litigation may have a material adverse effect on our business, consolidated financial condition, results of operations or liquidity.

 We face risks associated with our defined benefit pension plan.

 We maintain a company-sponsored defined benefit pension plan. A deterioration in the value of plan assets resulting from poor market performance, a general financial downturn or otherwise could cause an increase in the amount of contributions we are required to make to these plans. For example, our defined benefit pension plan may from time to time move from an overfunded to underfunded status driven by decreases in plan asset values that may result from changes in long-term interest rates and disruptions in U.S. or global financial markets. For a more detailed description of the pension plan, refer to the information set forth under the heading " Retirement Plans " in Note 10 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8, "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data." An obligation to make additional, unanticipated contributions to our defined benefit plans could reduce the cash available for working capital and other corporate uses and may have a material adverse effect on our business, consolidated financial position, results of operations and liquidity.

 Our business is dependent on our information technology systems and software, and failure to protect against or effectively respond to cyber-attacks, security breaches, or other incidents involving those systems, could adversely affect day-to-day operations and decision making processes and have an adverse effect on our performance and reputation.

 The efficient operation of our business depends on our information technology systems, which we rely on to effectively manage our business data, communications, logistics, accounting, regulatory and other business processes. If we do not allocate and effectively manage the resources necessary to build and sustain an appropriate technology environment, our business, reputation, or financial results could be negatively impacted. In addition, our information technology systems may be vulnerable to damage or interruption from circumstances beyond our control, including systems failures, natural disasters, terrorist attacks, viruses, ransomware, security breaches or cyber incidents. Cyber-attacks are becoming more sophisticated and are increasing in the number of attempts and frequency by groups and individuals with a wide range of motives. A security breach of sensitive information could result in damage to our reputation and our relations with our customers or employees. Any such damage or interruption could have a material adverse effect on our business. Also see "Cybersecurity" included as part of Item 1C. of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 We generate agricultural food packaging wastes and are subject to substantial environmental regulation.

 As a food packager, we regularly dispose of produce wastes (silage) and processing water as well as materials used in plant operation and maintenance and our plant boilers, which generate heat used in packaging and can manufacturing operations, producing generally small emissions into the air. These activities and operations are regulated by federal and state laws and the respective federal and state environmental agencies. Occasionally, we may be required to remediate conditions found by the regulators to be in violation of environmental law or to contribute to the cost of remediating waste disposal sites, which we neither owned nor operated, but in which, we and other companies deposited waste materials, usually through independent waste disposal companies. Future possible costs of environmental remediation, contributions and penalties could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Our production capacity for certain products and commodities is concentrated in a limited number of facilities, exposing us to a material disruption in production in the event that a disaster strikes.

 We only have one plant that produces fruit products and one plant that produces pumpkin products. We have two plants that manufacture empty cans, one with substantially more capacity than the other, which are not interchangeable since each plant cannot necessarily produce all the can sizes needed. Although we maintain property and business interruption insurance coverage, there can be no assurance that this level of coverage is adequate in the event of a catastrophe or significant disruption at these or other Company facilities. If such an event occurs, it could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 We may undertake acquisitions or product innovations and may have difficulties integrating them or may not realize the anticipated benefits.

 In the future, we may undertake acquisitions of other businesses or introduce new products, although there can be no assurances that these will occur. Such undertakings involve numerous risks and significant investments. There can be no assurance that we will be able to identify and acquire acquisition candidates on favorable terms, to profitably manage or to successfully integrate future businesses that we may acquire or new products we may introduce without substantial costs, delays or problems. Any of these outcomes could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 We are dependent upon a seasonal workforce and our inability to hire sufficient employees may adversely affect our business.

 At the end of March 2024, we had roughly 2,900 employees of which approximately 2,800 were full time and approximately 100 seasonal employees worked in food packaging. During the peak summer harvest period, we employed an additional approximately 3,900 seasonal employees to help package fruit and vegetables. If there is a shortage of seasonal labor, or if there is an increase to minimum wage rates, this could have a negative impact on our cost of operations. Many of our packaging operations are located in rural communities that may not have sufficient labor pools, requiring us to hire employees from other regions. An inability to hire and train sufficient employees during the critical harvest period could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Increases in labor costs or work stoppages or strikes could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

 Personnel costs, including the costs of medical and other employee health and welfare benefits, have increased. These costs can vary substantially as a result of an increase in the number, mix and experience of our employees and changes in health care and other employment-related laws. There are no assurances that we will succeed in reducing future increases in such costs. Increases in personnel costs can also be amplified by low unemployment rates, preferences among workers in the labor market and general tight labor market conditions in any of the areas where we operate. Our inability to control such costs could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. Although we consider our labor relations to be good, if a significant number of our employees engaged in a work slowdown, or other type of labor unrest, it could in some cases impair our ability to supply our products to customers, which could result in reduced sales, and may distract our management from focusing on our business and strategic priorities. Any of these activities could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

 Environmental and other regulation of our business, including climate change regulation, could adversely impact us by increasing our production cost or restricting our ability to import certain products into the United States.

 Climate change serves as a risk multiplier increasing both the frequency and severity of natural disasters that may affect our business operations. Moreover, there has been a broad range of proposed and promulgated state, national and international regulation aimed at reducing the effects of climate change. Such regulation could result in additional costs in the form of taxes, consultant costs, the restriction of output, investments of capital to maintain compliance with laws and regulations, or required acquisition or trading of emission allowances. Disclosure requirements imposed by different regulators may not always be uniform, which may result in increased complexity, increased compliance costs, and other compliance-related risks. Climate change regulation continues to evolve, and it is not possible to accurately estimate either a timetable for implementation or our future compliance costs relating to implementation.

 There may be increased governmental legislative and regulatory activity in reaction to consumer perception related to enamels.

 There has been continued state legislative activity to ban certain enamels used to line cans; such as Bisphenol-A ("BPA"). These legislative decisions are predominantly driven by consumer perception that BPA may be harmful. These actions have been taken despite the scientific evidence and general consensus of United States and international government agencies that BPA is safe and does not pose a risk to human health. The legislative actions combined with growing public perception about food safety may require us to change some of the materials used as linings in our packaging materials. Failure to do so could result in a loss of sales as well as loss in value of the inventory utilizing certain materials. In collaboration with other can makers as well as enamel suppliers, we have aggressively worked to find alternative materials for can linings not manufactured using BPA. We have fully transitioned to BPA Non-Intent ("BPANI") for our canned product volume. Even though BPANI has been fully approved by the Food and Drug Administration ("FDA"), there could be future legislative or regulatory actions that claim BPANI also poses a risk to human health. Future changes or additional health and safety laws and regulations in connection with our products, packaging or processes may also impose upon us new requirements, costs, and changes to production. Such requirements, changes, liabilities, and costs could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 The implementation of the Food Safety Modernization Act of 2011 may affect operations.

 The Food Safety Modernization Act ("FSMA") was enacted with the goal of enabling the FDA to better protect public health by strengthening the food safety system. FSMA was designed to focus the efforts of the FDA on preventing food safety problems rather than relying primarily on reacting to problems after they occur. The law also provides the FDA with new enforcement authorities designed to achieve higher rates of compliance with prevention and risk-based food safety standards and to better respond to and contain problems when they do occur. The increased inspections, mandatory recall authority of the FDA, increased scrutiny of foreign sourced or supplied food products, and increased records access may have an impact on our business. As we are already in a highly regulated business, operating under the increased scrutiny of more FDA authority does not appear likely to negatively impact our business. The law also gives the FDA important new tools to hold imported foods to the same standards as domestic foods.

 Our results are dependent on successful marketplace initiatives and acceptance by consumers of our products.

 Our product introductions and product improvements, along with other marketplace initiatives, are designed to capitalize on new customer or consumer trends. The FDA has issued a statement on sodium which referred to an Institute of Medicine statement that too much sodium is a major contributor to high blood pressure. Some of our products contain a moderate amount of sodium per recommended serving, which is based on consumer preferences for taste. In order to remain successful, we must anticipate and react to these new trends and develop new products or packages to address them. While we devote significant resources to meeting this goal, we may not be successful in developing new products or packages, or our new products or packages may not be accepted by customers or consumers.

 Financing Risks

 Global economic conditions may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Unfavorable economic conditions, including the impact of recessions in the United States and throughout the world, may negatively affect our business and financial results. These economic conditions could negatively impact (i) consumer demand for our products, (ii) the mix of our products' sales, (iii) our ability to collect accounts receivable on a timely basis, (iv) the ability of suppliers to provide the materials required in our operations and (v) our ability to obtain financing or to otherwise access the capital markets. The strength of the U.S. dollar versus other world currencies could result in increased competition from imported products and decreased sales to our international customers. A prolonged recession could result in decreased revenue, margins and earnings. Additionally, the economic situation could have an impact on our lenders or customers, causing them to fail to meet their obligations to us. Certain of our raw materials, namely steel, are subject to import tariffs and other restrictions, and the United States government may periodically impose new or revise existing duties, quotas, tariffs or other restrictions to which we are subject. The occurrence of any of these risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Our ability to manage our working capital and our Revolving Credit Facility is critical to our success.

 As of March 31, 2024, we had a $237.2 million outstanding balance on our revolving credit facility ("Revolver"). During our second and third fiscal quarters, our operations generally require more cash than is available from operations. In these circumstances, it is necessary to borrow under our Revolver. Our ability to obtain financing in the future through credit facilities will be affected by several factors, including our creditworthiness, our ability to operate in a profitable manner and general market and credit conditions. Significant changes in our business or cash outflows from operations could create a need for additional working capital. An inability to obtain additional working capital on terms reasonably acceptable to us or access the Revolver would materially and adversely affect our operations. Additionally, if we need to use a portion of our cash flows to pay principal and interest on our debt, it will reduce the amount of money we have for operations, working capital, capital expenditures, expansions, acquisitions or general corporate or other business activities.

 Failure to comply with the requirements of our debt agreements could have a material adverse effect on our business.

 Our debt agreements contain financial and other restrictive covenants which, among other things, limit our ability to borrow money, including with respect to the refinancing of existing indebtedness. These provisions may limit our ability to conduct our business, take advantage of business opportunities and respond to changing business, market and economic conditions. In addition, they may place us at a competitive disadvantage relative to other companies that may be subject to fewer, if any, restrictions. Failure to comply with the requirements of our debt agreements could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. We have pledged our accounts receivable, inventory, equipment, certain facilities, capital stock, or other ownership interests that we own in our subsidiaries to secure certain debt. If a default occurred and was not cured, secured lenders could foreclose on this collateral.

 Risks Relating to Our Stock

 Our existing shareholders, if acting together, may be able to exert control over matters requiring shareholder approval.

 Holders of our Class B common stock are entitled to one vote per share, while holders of our Class A common stock are entitled to one-twentieth of a vote per share. In addition, holders of our 10% Cumulative Convertible Voting Preferred Stock, Series A, our 10% Cumulative Convertible Voting Preferred Stock, Series B and, solely with respect to the election of directors, our 6% Cumulative Voting Preferred Stock, which we refer to as our voting preferred stock, are entitled to one vote per share. As of March 31, 2024, holders of Class B common stock and voting preferred stock held 90.8% of the combined voting power of all shares of capital stock then outstanding and entitled to vote. These shareholders, if acting together, would be in a position to control the election of our directors and to effect or prevent certain corporate transactions that require majority or supermajority approval of the combined classes, including mergers and other business combinations. This may result in us taking corporate actions that shareholders may not consider to be in their best interest and may affect the price of our common stock.

 As of March 31, 2024, our current executive officers and directors beneficially owned 12.74% of our outstanding shares of Class A common stock, 54.47% of our outstanding shares of Class B common stock and 27.12% of our voting preferred stock, or 41.25% of the combined voting power of our outstanding shares of capital stock. This concentration of voting power may inhibit changes in control of the Company and may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

 Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain provisions that discourage corporate takeovers.

 Certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and provisions of the New York Business Corporation Law may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control. Various provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may inhibit changes in control not approved by our directors and may have the effect of depriving shareholders of any opportunity to receive a premium over the prevailing market price of our common stock in the event of an attempted unsolicited takeover. In addition, the existence of these provisions may adversely affect the market price of our common stock. These provisions include:

 a classified board of directors;

 a requirement that special meetings of shareholders be called only by our directors or holders of 25% of the voting power of all shares outstanding and entitled to vote at the meeting;

 our board of directors has the power to classify and reclassify any of our unissued shares of capital stock into shares of capital stock with such preferences, rights, powers and restrictions as the board of directors may determine;

 the affirmative vote of two-thirds of the shares present and entitled to vote is required to amend our bylaws or remove a director; and

 under the New York Business Corporation Law, in addition to certain restrictions which may apply to "business combinations" involving us and an "interested shareholder", a plan for our merger or consolidation must be approved by two-thirds of the votes of all outstanding shares entitled to vote thereon. See "Our existing shareholders, if acting together, may be able to exert control over matters requiring shareholder approval."

 We have not paid dividends on our common stock in the past.

 We have not declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock in the past. In addition, payment of cash dividends on our common stock is not permitted by the terms of our revolving credit facility. This policy may be revisited under the correct circumstances in the future.

 Other Risks

 Tax legislation could impact future cash flows.

 We use the last-in, first-out ("LIFO") method of inventory accounting. As of March 31, 2024, we had a LIFO reserve of $324.8 million which, at the statutory tax rate of 24.6%, represents approximately $79.9 million of income taxes, payment of which is delayed to future dates based upon changes in inventory costs. From time-to-time, discussions regarding changes in U.S. corporate and state tax laws have included the potential of LIFO being repealed. Should LIFO be repealed, the $79.9 million of postponed taxes, plus any future benefit realized prior to the date of repeal, would likely have to be repaid over some period of time. Repayment of these postponed taxes will reduce the amount of cash that we would have available to fund our operations, working capital, capital expenditures, expansions, acquisitions or general corporate or other business activities. This could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 The tax status of our insurance subsidiary could be challenged resulting in an acceleration of income tax payments.

 In conjunction with our workers' compensation program, we operate a wholly owned insurance subsidiary, Dundee Insurance Company, Inc. We recognize this subsidiary as an insurance company for federal income tax purposes with respect to our consolidated federal income tax return. In the event the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") were to determine that this subsidiary does not qualify as an insurance company, we could be required to make accelerated income tax payments to the IRS that we otherwise would have deferred until future periods.

 Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

 None

 Item 1C. Cybersecurity

 Risk Management and Strategy

 The Company's cybersecurity risk management program is integrated with its overall enterprise risk management program and shares common methodologies, reporting channels and governance processes that apply across functions to other legal, compliance, strategic, operational, and financial risk areas.

 The Company designs and assesses the cybersecurity risk management program based on the National Institute of Standards and Technology Cybersecurity Framework ("NIST CSF"). The Company uses the NIST CSF as a guide to help identify, assess, and manage cybersecurity risks relevant to its business; this does not imply that the Company's cybersecurity program meets any particular technical standards, specifications, or requirements.

 The cybersecurity risk management program is grounded in a zero-trust framework and employs a multi-layered approach, including:

 Awareness and training for employees, involving phishing campaigns, informational sessions at management meetings, and annual mandatory training with simulations of common cybersecurity threats;

 Security tools and technologies, along with control policies and active review procedures which strengthen authentication and access protection;

 Third-party risk management process and monitoring procedures for service providers, suppliers, and vendors who have access to critical systems and information;

 Risk and vulnerability management encompassing both proactive and predictive defenses which provides opportunities to assess, remediate, and validate; and

 Managed detection and incident response, including advanced endpoint protection.

 In evaluating the risks identified as a part of the annual assessment process, the Company's information technology team considers the likelihood and severity of the respective risk and the potential impact of the risk on the Company, its customers, and its employees. These risks are then prioritized and monitored by the information technology team.

 The Company conducts periodic testing of software, hardware, defensive capabilities, and other information security systems to assess its cybersecurity readiness and maturity of the cybersecurity program. Tests are conducted by the information technology team and reputable third-party consultants and auditors. In developing and evaluating the testing procedures, the Company considers both its individual risks and industry standards.

 The cybersecurity risk management program includes an incident response plan with a cross-functional team comprised of designated members of the information technology department, senior management, and other appropriate individuals. The team is responsible for assessing and managing the cybersecurity incident response process, as outlined within the incident response plan, and taking necessary corrective actions to mitigate and eliminate the issue.

 As of the date of this report, the Company is not aware of any cybersecurity incidents that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company, including its business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition that are required to be reported in this Form 10-K. For further discussion of the risks associated with cybersecurity incidents and potential impact to the Company, see the cybersecurity risk factor within "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in this Form 10-K.

 Governance

 The information technology department, led by the Senior Vice President of Technology and Planning, Chief Information Officer ("CIO"), is responsible for the Company's cybersecurity program. The CIO, along with the certified Information Security Officer and VP Information Technology have significant experience spanning over 20 years in information security, infrastructure, and compliance.

 The Board of Directors considers cybersecurity risk as part of its overall risk oversight function. The Board of Directors receives briefings from the CIO regarding the Company's cybersecurity risk management program at least annually. These briefings include updates on the Company's cybersecurity risks and threats, the status of projects to strengthen the information security systems, assessments of the information security program, and the emerging cybersecurity threat landscape.

 Item 2. Properties

 The following table details the Company's manufacturing plants and warehouses:

 (000s)

 Square

 Food Group

 Footage

 Acres

 Nampa, Idaho

 Payette, Idaho

 Princeville, Illinois

 Hart, Michigan

 Traverse City, Michigan

 Blue Earth, Minnesota

 Glencoe, Minnesota

 LeSueur, Minnesota

 Montgomery, Minnesota

 1,172

 Rochester, Minnesota

 Geneva, New York

 Leicester, New York

 Dayton, Oregon

 Dayton, Washington

 Yakima, Washington

 Baraboo, Wisconsin

 Berlin, Wisconsin

 Cambria East, Wisconsin

 Cambria West, Wisconsin

 Clyman, Wisconsin

 Cumberland, Wisconsin

 Gillett, Wisconsin

 Janesville, Wisconsin

 1,298

 Mayville, Wisconsin

 Oakfield, Wisconsin

 2,135

 Ripon, Wisconsin

 Non-Food Group (1)

 Fairport, New York

 Penn Yan, New York

 Total

 10,462

 10,035

 The Company believes that these facilities are suitable and adequate for the purposes for which they are currently intended. All locations, although highly utilized, have the ability to expand as sales requirements justify. Because of the seasonal production cycles, the exact extent of utilization is difficult to measure.

 Item 3. Legal Proceedings

 The information set forth under the heading " Legal Proceedings and Other Contingencies " in Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K is incorporated herein by reference.

 Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

 Not Applicable.

 Item 5. Market for Registrant ' s Common Stock, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 Refer to the information in the 2024 Annual Report, attached as Exhibit 13 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, under the section "Shareholder Information", which is incorporated by reference.

 Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 On August 10, 2022, the Board approved an amendment to the Company's stock repurchase program which increased the maximum number of shares to be repurchased under the program up to 2,000,000 shares of the Company's Class A and/or Class B Common Stock, including the shares of convertible participating preferred stock of the Company (collectively, the "Common Stock"). Under the repurchase program, the Company may purchase shares of Common Stock from time to time in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions in compliance with the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Board also authorized the establishment of a stock trading plan pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, to make purchases of Common Stock pursuant to the stock repurchase program. The timing and amount of stock repurchases under the program, if any, will be at the discretion of management, and will depend on available cash, market conditions and other considerations. Therefore, we cannot assure you as to the number or aggregate dollar amount of shares, if any, that will be repurchased under the repurchase program. We may discontinue the program at any time.

 On August 9, 2023, the Board approved an amendment to the Company's stock repurchase program which increased the maximum number of shares to be repurchased under the program up to 2,500,000 shares of the Common Stock. The Company's stock repurchase program does not have an expiration date.

 Total Number of

 Average Price

 Total Number of Shares

 Maximum Number

 Shares Purchased

 Paid per Share

 Purchased as Part of

 (or Approximate Dollar Value) of

 Class A

 Class B

 Class A

 Class B

 Publicly Announced

 Shares that May Yet Be Purchased

 Period

 Common

 Common

 Common

 Common

 Plans or Programs

 Under the Plans or Programs

 01/01/2024 –

 01/31/2024

 -

 -

 -

 02/01/2024 –

 02/29/2024

 -

 -

 -

 03/01/2024 –

 03/31/2024 (1)

 109,633

 -

 $

 54.21

 -

 98,996

 Total

 109,633

 -

 $

 54.21

 -

 98,996

 506,277

 (1)

 Includes 10,637 shares that were purchased from the Seneca Foods Corporation Employees' Savings Plan to satisfy the cash needs for transfers and payments in connection with the employer stock investment fund under the plan.

 Item 6. Reserved

 Item 7. Management ' s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 Refer to the information in the 2024 Annual Report, attached as Exhibit 13 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, under the section "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations", which is incorporated by reference.

 Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk

 Refer to the information in the 2024 Annual Report, attached as Exhibit 13 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, under the section "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations", which is incorporated by reference.

 Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 Refer to the information in the 2024 Annual Report, attached as Exhibit 13 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which is incorporated herein by reference.

 Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

 Effective November 7, 2023, the Audit Committee approved the engagement of Deloitte & Touche LLP ("Deloitte") as the Company's independent registered public accounting firm for the Company's fiscal year ending March 31, 2024 and dismissed Plante Moran, P.C. ("Plante Moran") from that role. Plante Moran reviewed the Company's interim condensed consolidated financial statements for the quarterly periods ended July 1, 2023 and September 30, 2023 and Deloitte reviewed the Company's interim condensed consolidated financial statements for the quarterly period ended December 30, 2023. Refer to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 13, 2023, for additional information regarding the change in accountants.

 In connection with the foregoing change in accountants, there was no disagreement of the type described in paragraph (a)(1)(iv) of Item 304 of Regulation S-K or any reportable event as described in paragraph (a)(1)(v) of such Item, except that, as previously reported in the Company's Form 10-K/A (Amendment No. 1) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, the Company reported that there was a material weakness in the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2023.

 Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

 Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 Our management, with the participation of our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act), as of March 31, 2024. Based upon this evaluation, our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that, as of March 31, 2024, the Company's disclosure controls and procedures: (1) were designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, particularly during the period in which this report was being prepared, so as to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and (2) were effective, in that they provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms.

 Management ' s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over the Company's financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act). Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect all misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 Our management assessed the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2024. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013). Based on our assessment, management believes that, as of March 31, 2024, our internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria. Our independent registered public accounting firm, Deloitte & Touche LLP, has audited the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2024, as stated in their report, which is included in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 Remediation of Previously Identified Material Weakness

 A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

 As previously disclosed in Part II, Item 9A of the Company's Form 10-K/A (Amendment No. 1) for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, filed on July 31, 2023, we identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting relating to the accounting for valuing inventory using the LIFO method. The review controls in place with respect to a year-end adjustment to the calculation of the LIFO reserve were not effective.

 During fiscal year 2024, management implemented a remediation plan including the installation of software to recalculate the LIFO reserve and also provide analytic features to identify potential abnormalities in the underlying data, coupled with strengthening our review controls with improved documentation standards, technical oversight and training to ensure the accounting for valuing inventory was in compliance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 Through effective implementation of our remediation plan and in conjunction with the results of our testing over the design and operating effectiveness of the relevant controls, management determined that as of March 31, 2024, the identified material weakness has been remediated. However, completion of remediation does not provide assurance that our remediated controls will continue to operate properly or that our financial statements will be free from error.

 Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 Other than as described above in connection with the remediation of the material weakness, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the quarter ended March 31, 2024 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

 Item 9B. Other Information

 During the quarterly period ended March 31, 2024, no director or Section 16 officer adopted or terminated any Rule 10b5 - 1 trading arrangement or non-Rule 10b5 - 1 trading arrangement (in each case, as defined in Item 408 (a) of Regulation S-K).

 Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections

 None.

 Certain information required by Part III is incorporated by reference from the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement for its 2024 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on August 8, 2024 ("Proxy Statement"). The Proxy Statement will be filed within 120 days after the end of the Company's fiscal year ended March 31, 2024.

 Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

 The following sections of the Proxy Statement are incorporated herein by reference:

 Information Concerning Directors

 Executive Officers

 Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports

 Board Governance

 Audit Committee Matters

 Item 11. Executive Compensation

 The following sections of the Proxy Statement are incorporated herein by reference:

 Compensation Discussion and Analysis

 Summary Compensation Table

 Grants of Plan-Based Awards in Fiscal Year 2024

 Outstanding Equity Awards at 2024 Fiscal Year-End

 Option Exercises and Stock Vested in Fiscal Year 2024

 Pension Benefits

 Compensation of Directors

 Compensation Committee Interlocks

 Pay Versus Performance

 CEO Pay Ratio

 The information included under the heading "Compensation Committee Report" in the Proxy Statement is also incorporated herein by reference; however, this information shall not be deemed to be "soliciting material" or to be "filed" with the SEC or subject to Regulation 14A or 14C, or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act.

 Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

 Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

 The 2007 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2007 Equity Plan") was approved by shareholders at the Company's annual meeting on August 10, 2007 and extended on July 28, 2017. The 2007 Equity Plan expires in August 2027 and originally authorized the issuance of up to 100,000 shares of either Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock or a combination of the two classes of stock. During fiscal year 2024, 4,864 shares were awarded under the terms of the 2007 Equity Plan. As of March 31, 2024, there were 40,094 shares available for distribution as part of future awards under the 2007 Equity Plan. No additional shares have been awarded under the 2007 Equity Plan through the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. There are no equity compensation plans not approved by the Company's shareholders.

 The following sections of the Proxy Statement are incorporated herein by reference:

 Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners

 Security Ownership of Management and Directors

 Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

 The following sections of the Proxy Statement are incorporated herein by reference:

 Independent Directors

 Certain Transactions and Relationships

 Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

 The following sections of the Proxy Statement are incorporated herein by reference:

 Principal Accountant Fees and Services

 Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedule

 A.

 Exhibits, Financial Statements, and Supplemental Schedule

 1.

 Financial Statements – the following consolidated financial statements of the Registrant, included in the 2024 Annual Report to Shareholders, are incorporated by reference in Part II, Item 8 "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data":

 a.

 Consolidated Statements of Net Earnings – Years ended March 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022

 b.

 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) – Years ended March 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022

 c.

 Consolidated Balance Sheets – As of March 31, 2024 and 2023

 d.

 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Years ended March 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022

 e.

 Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity – Years ended March 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022

 f.

 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Years ended March 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022

 g.

 Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms (PCAOB ID 34 and PCAOB ID 6581)

 2.

 Supplemental Schedule:

 a.

 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Schedule

 b.

 Schedule II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

 Other schedules have not been filed because the conditions requiring the filing do not exist or the required information is included in the consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto.

 Exhibit
 Number

 Description

 3.1

 The Company's Restated Certificate of Incorporation, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated August 11, 2010)

 3.2

 The Company's Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the quarterly period ended July 1, 1995 filed with the SEC on August 18, 1995)

 3.3

 Amendment to the Company's Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 6, 2007)

 4.1

 Description of Capital Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2019)

 10.1

 Fourth Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement dated as of March 24, 2021 by and among Seneca Foods Corporation, Seneca Foods, LLC, Seneca Snack Company, Green Valley Foods, LLC and certain other subsidiaries of Seneca Foods Corporation, the financial institutions party thereto as lenders, as agent, issuing bank, and syndication agent, and BofA Securities, Inc. as lead arranger (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 26, 2021)

 10.2

 First Amendment to Fourth Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement dated as of September 14, 2022 by and among Seneca Foods Corporation, Seneca Foods, LLC, Seneca Snack Company, Green Valley Foods, LLC and certain other subsidiaries of Seneca Foods Corporation, the financial institutions party thereto as lenders, as agent, issuing bank, and syndication agent, and BofA Securities, Inc. as lead arranger (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended October 1, 2022, filed with the SEC on November 9, 2022)

 10.3

 Second Amendment to Fourth Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement dated as of May 23, 2023 by and among Seneca Foods Corporation, Seneca Foods, LLC, Seneca Snack Company, Green Valley Foods, LLC and certain other subsidiaries of Seneca Foods Corporation, the financial institutions party thereto as lenders, as agent, issuing bank, and syndication agent, and BofA Securities, Inc. as lead arranger (filed herewith)

 10.4

 Third Amendment to Fourth Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement dated as of March 8, 2024 by and among Seneca Foods Corporation, Seneca Foods, LLC, Seneca Snack Company, Green Valley Foods, LLC and certain other subsidiaries of Seneca Foods Corporation, the financial institutions party thereto as lenders, as agent, issuing bank, and syndication agent, and BofA Securities, Inc. as lead arranger (filed herewith)

 10.5

 Second Amended and Restated Loan and Guaranty Agreement as of January 20, 2023 by and among Seneca Foods Corporation, Seneca Foods, LLC, Seneca Snack Company, Green Valley Foods, LLC and certain other subsidiaries of Seneca Foods Corporation and Farm Credit East, ACA (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 26, 2023)

 10.6

 Amendment 1 to Second Amended and Restated Loan and Guaranty Agreement as of May 23, 2023 by and among Seneca Foods Corporation, Seneca Foods, LLC, Seneca Snack Company, Green Valley Foods, LLC and certain other subsidiaries of Seneca Foods Corporation and Farm Credit East, ACA (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 30, 2023)

 10.7*

 Indemnification Agreement between the Company and the directors of the Company (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 26, 2020, filed with the SEC on November 4, 2020)

 10.8*

 Amended and Restated Seneca Foods Corporation Executive Profit Sharing Bonus Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on June 10, 2022)

 10.9*

 Amended and Restated Seneca Foods Corporation Manager Profit Sharing Bonus Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on June 10, 2022)

 10.10*

 2007 Equity Incentive Plan effective August 3, 2007 as extended on July 28, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to the Company's Proxy Statement dated June 28, 2007)

 10.11*

 Seneca Foods Corporation Division Management Bonus Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 5, 2020)

 10.12*

 Executive Transition Services Agreement dated as of August 31, 2020 between the Company and Kraig H. Kayser (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 26, 2020, filed with the SEC on November 4, 2020)

 10.13*

 Supplemental Retirement Agreement between Seneca Foods Corporation and Kraig H. Kayser (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 26, 2020, filed with the SEC on November 4, 2020)

 10.14*

 Supplemental Retirement Agreement between Seneca Foods Corporation and Timothy J. Benjamin (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 11, 2021)

 Portions of Annual Report to Shareholders for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2024 (filed herewith)

 Letter of Plante Moran to the Securities and Exchange Commission dated November 13, 2023 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 16.1 to the Company's Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 7, 2023)

 Insider Trading Policy (filed herewith)

 List of Subsidiaries (filed herewith)

 23.1

 Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP (filed herewith)

 23.2

 Consent of Plante Moran, P.C. (filed herewith)

 31.1

 Certification of Paul L. Palmby as Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith)

 31.2

 Certification of Michael S. Wolcott as Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith)

 Certifications pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (filed herewith)

 Clawback Policy (filed herewith)

 101.INS

 101.1.SCH

 101.2.CAL

 101.3.DEF

 101.4.LAB

 101.5.PRE

 * Indicates management or compensatory agreement

 Item 16. Form 10-K Summary

 None

 SIGNATURES

 Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Exchange Act, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 SENECA FOODS CORPORATION

 By:

 /s/ Michael S. Wolcott

 Michael S. Wolcott

 Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer

 Pursuant to the requirements of the Exchange Act, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

 Signature

 Title

 Date

 /s/ Paul L. Palmby

 President and Chief Executive Officer

 Paul L. Palmby

 (Principal Executive Officer)

 /s/ Michael S. Wolcott

 Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer,

 Michael S. Wolcott

 and Treasurer

 (Principal Financial Officer)

 /s/ Gregory R. Ide

 Vice President, Controller,

 Gregory R. Ide

 and Assistant Secretary

 (Principal Accounting Officer)

 /s/ Kraig H. Kayser

 Director (Chairman)

 Kraig H. Kayser

 /s/ Kathryn J. Boor

 Kathryn J. Boor

 /s/ Peter R. Call

 Peter R. Call

 /s/ John P. Gaylord

 John P. Gaylord

 /s/ Linda K. Nelson

 Linda K. Nelson

 /s/ Donald J. Stuart

 Donald J. Stuart

 /s/ Bruce E. Ware

 Bruce E. Ware

 /s/ Keith A. Woodward

 Keith A. Woodward