UNITED STATES
 SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
 Washington, D.C. 20549

 FORM 10-K
 (Mark One)
 ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023
 or
 TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 For the transition period from ___________ to ___________
 Commission File Number 001-40321

 (Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

 Delaware
 45-3060776

 State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization
 I.R.S. Employer Identification No.

 5601 Granite Parkway,
 Suite 120

 Plano,
 TX
 75204

 Address of Principal Executive Offices
 Zip Code

 ( 877) 725-5264
 Registrant's Telephone Number, Including Area Code

 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 Title of each class
 Trading Symbol(s)
 Name of each exchange on which registered

 Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
 ALKT
 The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC

 Securities registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act: None
 Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes No
 Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes No
 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes No
 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes No
 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 Large accelerated filer

 Smaller reporting company

 Accelerated filer

 Emerging growth company

 Non-accelerated filer

 If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.

 If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.

 Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).
 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes No
 The aggregate market value of the common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant, based on the closing price of the shares of common stock on The NASDAQ Stock Market on June 30, 2023, was $ 686.6 million.
 The number of shares of registrant's common stock outstanding as of February 22, 2024 was 96,759,181.
 DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
 Portions of the registrant's definitive Proxy Statement for the 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders scheduled to be held on May 15, 2024, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the end of the registrant's fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to the extent described therein.

 Page

 Item 1.

 Business.

 Item 1A.

 Risk Factors.

 Item 1B.

 Unresolved Staff Comments.

 Item 1C.

 Cybersecurity.

 Item 2.

 Properties.

 Item 3.

 Legal Proceedings.

 Item 4.

 Mine Safety Disclosures

 Item 5.

 Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

 Item 6.

 [Reserved]

 Item 7.

 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 Item 7A.

 Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

 Item 8.

 Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

 Item 9.

 Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

 Item 9A.

 Controls and Procedures.

 Item 9B.

 Other Information.

 Item 9C.

 Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.

 Item 10.

 Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

 Item 11.

 Executive Compensation.

 Item 12.

 Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

 Item 13.

 Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

 Item 14.

 Principal Accountant Fees and Services.

 Item 15.

 Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules.

 Item 16.

 Form 10-K Summary.

 Signatures

 Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

 This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements that are based on our management's beliefs and assumptions and on information currently available to our management. The statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K that are not purely historical are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the "Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"). You can identify these statements by words such as "anticipates," "believes," "can," "continue," "could," "estimates," "expects," "intends," "may," "plans," "seeks," "should," "will," "strategy," "future," "likely," or "would" or the negative of these terms or similar expressions. These statements are not guarantees of future performance or developments and involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that are in some cases beyond our control. All of our forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual results to differ materially from our expectations. Factors that may cause such differences include, but are not limited to, the risks described under "Risk Factors" in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and those discussed in other documents we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC.

 Given these risks and uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Also, forward-looking statements represent our management's beliefs and assumptions only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. You should read this Annual Report on Form 10-K completely and with the understanding that our actual future results may be materially different from what we expect. We hereby qualify our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update these forward-looking statements publicly, or to update the reasons actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements, even if new information becomes available in the future.

 Item 1. Business.

 Overview

 Alkami is a cloud-based digital banking solutions provider. We inspire and empower community, regional and super-regional financial institutions ("FIs") to compete with large, technologically advanced, and well-resourced banks in the United States. Our solution, the Alkami Digital Banking Platform, allows FIs to onboard and engage new users, accelerate revenues, and meaningfully improve operational efficiency, all with the support of a proprietary, true cloud-based, multi-tenant architecture. We cultivate deep relationships with our clients through long-term, subscription-based contractual arrangements, aligning our growth with our clients' success and generating an attractive unit economic model.

 We founded Alkami to help level the playing field for FIs. Since then, our vision has been to create a platform that combines premium technology and fintech solutions in one integrated ecosystem, delivered as a SaaS solution and providing our clients' customers with a single point of access to all things digital. We invested significant resources to build a technology stack that prioritized innovation velocity and speed-to-market given the importance of product depth and functionality in winning and retaining clients. In October 2020, we acquired ACH Alert, LLC ("ACH Alert") to pursue adjacent product opportunities, such as fraud prevention and to expand our addressable market. In addition, in September 2021, we acquired MK Decisioning Systems, LLC ("MK"), a technology platform for digital account opening, credit card and loan origination solutions. In April 2022, we acquired Segmint Inc. ("Segmint"), a leading cloud-based financial data analytics and transaction data cleansing provider.

 Our domain expertise in retail and business banking has enabled us to develop a suite of products tailored to address key challenges faced by FIs. The key differentiators of the Alkami Digital Banking Platform include:

 • User experience: Personalized and seamless digital experience across user interaction points, including desktop, mobile, chat and SMS, establishing durable connections between FIs and their customers.

 • Integrations: Scalability and extensibility driven by more than 300 real-time integrations to back office systems and third-party fintech solutions as of December 31, 2023, including core systems, payment cards, mortgages, bill pay, electronic documents, money movement, personal financial management and account opening.

 • Deep data capabilities: Data synchronized and stored from back office systems and third-party fintech solutions and synthesized into meaningful insights, targeted content and other areas of monetization.

 The Alkami Digital Banking Platform offers an end-to-end set of digital banking software products. Our typical relationship with an FI begins with a set of core functional components, which can extend over time to include a rounded suite of products across account opening and loan origination, card experience, client service, extensibility, financial wellness, security and fraud protection, marketing and analytics and money movement. Due to our architecture, adding products through our single code base is fast, simple and cost-effective, and we expect product penetration to continue to increase as we broaden our product suite. As of December 31, 2023, our client base, on average, used 13 of our 33 offered products. Our 2023 client cohort, however, has contracted for 18 of our offered products, on average.

 Our target clients include the top 2,500 FIs by assets excluding those with assets greater than $450 billion ("megabanks"). We had 236, 199 and 177 FIs as Alkami Digital Banking Platform clients as of December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.

 We primarily go to market through an internal sales force. Given the long-term nature of our contracts for the Alkami Digital Banking Platform, a typical sales cycle can range from approximately three to 12 months, with the subsequent implementation timeframe generally ranging from six to 12 months depending on the depth of integration.

 We derive our revenues predominantly from multi-year contracts for the Alkami Digital Banking Platform that have had an average contract life of approximately 70 months as of December 31, 2023. We predominantly employ a per-registered-user pricing model, with incremental fees above certain contractual client minimum commitments for each licensed solution. Our pricing is tiered, with per-registered-user discounts applied as clients achieve higher levels of customer penetration, incentivizing our clients to internally market and promote digital engagement. Our ability to grow revenues through deeper client customer penetration and cross-sell allowed us to increase annual recurring revenue from clients existing at December 31, 2023 by 115%.

 To support our growth and capitalize on our market opportunity, we have increased our operating expenses across all aspects of our business. In research and development, we continue to focus on innovation and bringing novel capabilities to our platform, extending our product depth. Similarly, we continue to expand our sales and marketing organization focusing on new client wins, cross-selling opportunities and client renewals.

 We had 17.5 million, 14.5 million, and 12.4 million live registered users as of December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, representing a growth rate for one of our key revenue drivers of 20.4% from 2022 to 2023 and 17.7% from 2021 to 2022. Our total revenues were $264.8 million, $204.3 million, and $152.2 million for 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, representing growth rates of 29.6% from 2022 to 2023 and 34.2% from 2021 to 2022. SaaS subscription services, as further described below, represented 95.3%, 95.2%, and 94.4% of total revenues for 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. We incurred net losses of $62.9 million, $58.6 million, and $46.8 million for 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, largely due to significant continued investment in sales, marketing, product development and post-sales client activities. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" for more information.

 Our Industry

 The United States banking industry is massive, with almost $26 trillion in assets on the balance sheets of nearly 9,500 FIs as of December 31, 2022, according to call report data published by the Federal Financial Institutions Examinations Council ("FFIEC") and the National Credit Union Administration ("NCUA"). These FIs range from megabanks, which collectively held approximately $12 trillion in assets, to significantly smaller local community banks and affinity credit unions. The United States banking industry generated over $1 trillion in gross income in 2022, according to FFIEC and NCUA call reports, highlighting a significant market opportunity that drives intense competition and a magnitude of economic importance which requires considerable regulation, both locally and nationally.

 Our addressable market consists of financial institutions with assets of $100 million to $450 billion representing over 250 million registered users. Within this market, we target the top 2,500 FIs by assets excluding megabanks. We believe based on third party estimates this segment of the market represents an opportunity of more than 200 million registered users and offers the greatest potential lifetime value, considering the cost and resources to acquire and service the relationship

 However, banking is not a static industry, and over the last several decades, technology has emerged as a differentiating factor among FIs, driving market share gains, operational efficiencies and improved regulatory compliance. While technology is involved in almost every function a bank performs, we typically see FIs' technology spend increase in response to, or in preparation for, the following trends:

 • Heightened user expectations: The digitization of everything from taxis, to food delivery, to commerce has conditioned consumers and businesses to maintain heightened user experience expectations that extend to financial services, particularly when it relates to everyday financial services such as banking services. Previously inconceivable, account opening, loan origination (and disbursement) and money transfers can now be executed within a matter of minutes, elevating digital user experience beyond branch location as the premier point of differentiation for our clients' customers' service and satisfaction.

 • Increasingly digital competitive landscape: The competitive landscape within banking in the United States and globally is shifting. On one hand, the megabanks continue to invest substantially in absolute terms to provide technology services to U.S. banking customers. On the other hand, a fragmented and emerging group of technology platforms and challenger banks are redefining what it means to be a bank, embedding basic banking services, such as checking accounts, within elegant user experiences and attracting tens of millions of registered users, all without a single physical branch. Each market trend is accelerating with the disappearance of geographical boundaries. As banking digitizes, the importance of a physical footprint and local presence is reduced, introducing regional and national competition to even the most insulated local markets.

 • Regulatory environment: Banking regulation is continuously evolving and it is the responsibility of FIs to create an internal control environment capable of ensuring compliance with a framework of local, national and international rules. Emerging technologies are increasingly built to perform routinized tasks associated with this function, freeing up resources to be reinvested in growth.

 • Importance of deposits: The recent improvement in the interest rate environment, which began as the Federal Reserve increased its target interest rate to combat inflation, has increased the relative attractiveness of non-bank deposits to savers, caused reductions in deposits held at FIs, and put immense pressure on FI funding costs, potentially compressing interest income spreads that FIs earn between taking deposits and providing loans. This has forced FIs to seek retail and commercial deposits, in many cases leading to increased FI focus on digital account opening and digital banking user experience.

 The heightened focus on technology and security in addressing the evolution of the banking industry has driven massive spend. While technology spend in banking is distributed across functions, we believe the following technology trends to be most impactful to the industry:

 • Shift to mobile: Mobile is quickly redefining both retail and business banking. Today, a consumer or business can open a bank account almost instantly and take out a loan or transfer money from a mobile device. These rapid advances are contributing to a substantial decline in bank physical branch traffic and a shift to digital banking platforms like Alkami's as an FI's primary channel of customer interaction.

 • Shift to the cloud: Today, many of the pillars serving as key differentiators across industries, including banking, stem from the benefits of cloud hosting and computing. Cloud-based, multi-tenant infrastructures that are securely delivered enable technology providers to broadly distribute capabilities historically reserved only for the best resourced. Premier technology architectures can also leverage data that can be collected into a warehouse and quickly synthesized for consumption by clients in the service of their customers. Finally, single-, low- and no-code architectures allow near same-day adaptability to evolving consumer needs or economic challenges.

 • Proliferation of powerful, best-of-breed technology solutions: Advances and investment in financial technology have led to a disaggregated network of point solutions designed to improve upon discrete tasks historically executed through a single vendor, enabling FIs to select the products that best fit their objectives, scale and budget. This proliferation of powerful technology solutions has served to reduce barriers to entry for providers of point solutions, encouraging innovation and underscoring the value of integration layers.

 • Increasing complexity of banking information technology architectures: Due to the proliferation of financial-related products and technology solutions, the information technology taxonomy of FIs is becoming increasingly complex. Integration challenges of the past required connections to a small number of back office systems and point solutions. Today, connections are required to dozens of third parties and many core and back office systems. This complexity is magnified with many of the point solutions and core systems operating as single tenant models. Integrating user experiences across desktop, mobile and SMS platforms with proliferating point solutions and a myriad of core and back office systems is overly burdensome to most FIs. Consequently, the industry highly values platforms that mitigate much of this complexity with modern architectures that enable real-time integrations to all constituents of the digital banking ecosystem.

 • Focus on security: The increasingly interconnected and digital nature of finance renders FIs particularly vulnerable to cybersecurity attacks given the attractive nature of FIs as protectors of both capital and personal information. The modern bank robber is armed with no more than a computer and can attack from anywhere in the world, and consequently, FIs are constantly under threat. For this reason, FIs are making substantial technology investments in cybersecurity and security more broadly.

 FIs take varying approaches to technological evolution, partially driven by philosophy, but predominantly driven by resources that are available to them. The largest FIs have the financial flexibility to make significant investments; the four largest banks in the United States, based on asset size, spent more than $35 billion in aggregate on technology in 2022, according to their public disclosures, reflecting their commitment to protect and extend leadership through technology.

 The vast majority of remaining FIs do not have the financial resources to match the technology advantage of megabanks. However, these FIs also have no choice but to keep up with the general pace of innovation given the alternative of losing market share to these large competitors, reinforcing the critical nature of third-party digital platforms in helping them overcome the limitations of finite discretionary budgets and resources. This is the essence of our value proposition and market opportunity.

 Our Platform and Ecosystem

 The Alkami Digital Banking Platform is a multi-tenant, single code base, continuous delivery platform powered by a true cloud infrastructure. Our platform integrates with core system providers and other third-party fintech providers, and acts as the primary interaction point among consumers, businesses and FIs. The primary benefit of this model is to reduce the inefficiencies of traditional point-to-point integration strategies, instead offering a single point of integration allowing our clients' customers to navigate seamlessly across channels. We believe this is critical to FIs as their models shift from physical to digital, enabling the creation of a digital community in the image of their broader brands and aligned with their strategic objectives.

 The Alkami Digital Banking Platform maintains more than 300 integrations to more than 1,000 endpoints, as of December 31, 2023. Our third-party partnerships and integrations are a crucial element of the Alkami Digital Banking Platform, enabling FIs to choose from, and connect with, a broad array of third-party service providers essential to the curation of a customized digital experience. This depth of product configurability and optionality is made possible by the software adapters we have built to standardize access to solutions offered by third-party vendors.

 The Alkami Value Proposition

 We have grown rapidly since 2009 by understanding our clients' objectives and pain points, including adding more than 5 million live registered users from December 31, 2021 to December 31, 2023. We have designed our solutions to improve our clients' ability to achieve their core objectives, including new client growth, customer engagement, increasing and holding deposits, making loans, facilitating money movement and lowering overall operating costs. Importantly, we make our clients more competitive against the megabanks, challenger banks and other technology-enabled competitors.

 The technology that powers our platform is foundational to our success and ability to deliver a distinct value proposition to our clients, characterized by the following:

 • Premier user experience: The Alkami Digital Banking Platform enables our clients to leverage technology to deliver a premier user experience. The experience we build, and that our clients deliver, is validated by our clients' market-leading app ratings, which are, on average, higher than each of our main competitors and reflect the level of customer satisfaction associated with leading technology brands.

 • Versatile platform: Our product breadth, depth of integrations, partner network and configurability enable our clients to more precisely match our products to suit the objectives of their digital offering. For our clients, this allows a degree of flexibility that is critical to their pursuit of differentiation without the technical burden and higher cost of custom software. For our business, this approach is tremendously scalable, enabling us to serve larger and smaller institutions alike from a single platform, with a full product suite across both retail and business banking operations.

 • Velocity of innovation: Our ability to win and retain clients is a function of consistently striving to offer a platform with products and configurations that exceeds those of our competition. Our multi-tenant architecture, combined with continuous delivery, allows us to implement new and existing features in lockstep with our clients' evolving needs. Our technological infrastructure provides a speed-to-market advantage which often allows us to remain a step ahead of competitors who operate single-tenant or other legacy architecture.

 • Fraud mitigation: Our clients seek to achieve a balance between convenience and safety that is required in a digital banking solution. Biometric and multi-factor authentication, combined with machine learning wrapped in a leading user experience, creates a more secure user experience. Platform security capabilities such as card management and true real-time alerts further help to mitigate fraud and develop a relationship of trust between our clients and their customers.

 The Alkami Digital Banking Platform delivers tangible results to clients, including increased registered user growth, increased product usage, operational efficiencies and customer retention.

 Our Growth Strategies

 We intend to continue to invest to grow our business and expand our addressable market by applying the following strategies:

 • Deepen existing client relationships: We expect to continue to deepen our existing client relationships, increasing both the number of registered users and the number of products per client:

 Cross-sell: We continue to broaden our product set to address the needs of our client base. We offered nine products when we launched Alkami Business Banking in 2015, and as of December 31, 2023, 33 products were available through the Alkami Digital Banking Platform, and our clients had purchased an average of 13 products from us. We expect cross-sell to continue to contribute meaningfully to our growth.

 Customer penetration: While we recently achieved more than 17.5 million live registered digital banking users ("registered users"), we estimate this only represents 75% of our clients' total customers as of December 31, 2023. We believe we have a substantial opportunity to grow our registered user base within our existing clients, as we continue to enhance our value proposition and more consumers adopt digital banking solutions.

 • Win new clients: We believe the market remains underserved by legacy solutions, which will allow us to continue to gain market share. We are increasingly winning FIs with more sophisticated needs as we grow our market presence and product capabilities. As compared to the 2022 new client cohort, our 2023 new client cohort, on average, utilizes more products, resulting in a higher annual recurring revenue per new client and higher revenue per user per new client.

 • Broaden and enhance product suite: We intend to invest to continue to enhance our product suite. In 2023 and 2022, we spent 32.0% and 33.9%, respectively, of revenues on research and development, underlining our commitment to ongoing innovation. This includes maintaining awareness of the evolving needs of our clients and designing products accordingly, both on a proprietary basis and in collaboration with our platform partner network.

 • Select acquisitions: We intend to selectively pursue acquisitions and other strategic transactions that accelerate our strategic objectives. Our acquisition of ACH Alert, which was completed in October 2020, brought an additional fraud prevention tool to our product suite while also providing access to an additional 95 clients that were either live or under contract with ACH Alert at the time of the acquisition. In September 2021, we acquired MK Decisioning Systems, LLC ("MK"), an early-stage technology platform for digital deposit account opening, credit card and loan origination solutions, which added deeper digital account opening and loan origination capabilities to our platform while also providing access to an additional 25 live clients at the time of the acquisition. On April 25, 2022, we completed our merger with Segmint, Inc. ("Segmint"). Segmint operates a marketing analytics and messaging delivery platform with patented software that enables FIs and merchants to understand and leverage data, interact with customers, and measure results. Powered by data scientists and artificial intelligence, Segmint's innovative product line offers a variety of ways to optimally use customer data to deepen relationships and grow the customer's business.

 Our Solution

 The Alkami Digital Banking Platform provides FIs with a complete digital banking solution designed to facilitate and meet the needs of both retail and business users. We deliver our platform through a purpose-built, true cloud SaaS solution, enabling our clients to avoid costly and disruptive system-wide maintenance windows as well as testing projects during upgrades, which is typical of single-tenant platform solutions that are currently prevalent in large parts of the industry.

 Our clients choose the Alkami Digital Banking Platform to:

 • Onboard new registered users efficiently.

 • Engage registered users with self-service functions, proactive alerting and financial insights.

 • Grow revenues and registered users through new product and service offerings.

 • Guard registered user data and interactions to mitigate fraud.

 We deliver this value proposition through the following 10 product categories, encompassing 33 products and more than 300 integrations as of December 31, 2023:

 • Digital Account Opening: Allows our clients' customers to open new deposit accounts, including checking, savings, CD and Money Market accounts. This offering enhances many of our clients' digital platforms and gives them the opportunity to digitize and replace many of the processes which formerly required a physical branch visit.

 • Marketing: Enables clients to deliver tailored, relevant and timely content via targeted marketing campaigns and educational outreaches to their customers. Our acquisition of Segmint added unique data models and customer segmentation tools (Key Lifestyle Indicators or "KLIs") to our platform's capabilities, enabling our clients to creatively segment and refine their marketing campaigns.

 • Data Insights: Enables clients to build internal analytical tools. Our acquisition of Segmint added unique data models and customer segmentation tools (primarily KLIs) to our platform's capabilities, enabling our clients to better understand, model, and predict their customers' preferences, lifestyle, and financial needs.

 • Card Experience: Includes features that allow for cardholder alerts and control preferences, card account maintenance features for self-service, and digital card capabilities.

 • Money Movement: Includes fully integrated money movement tools to increase deposits, facilitate payments and transfers, and drive consistent user engagement. The Alkami Digital Banking Platform seamlessly integrates third-party services into a consistent digital banking experience that is portable across multiple user interfaces.

 • Customer Service: Includes a suite of products digitizing and streamlining communications around largely administrative functions. Products range from basic SMS and push notification capabilities to digital authentication and chat and conversational tools, both digitally as well as by human interaction.

 • Commercial Banking: Through real-time insight into cash position and our data capabilities, we equip clients to compete for businesses of all sizes—all while simplifying the back office with a single platform with an industry-leading user experience. Our commercial banking solution includes comprehensive payment and receivable solutions, sub-user permissions management, automated billing, payment fraud prevention, and actionable reporting all built into a secure and scalable platform.

 • Financial Wellness: Aggregates and synthesizes information that client customers need in order to make informed financial decisions. This includes basic account aggregation, credit score monitoring, transaction data enrichment, home value tracking, savings goals, and access to third-party financial management products. Users are able to make healthier financial decisions, while our FIs gain valuable insights, enabling them to drive targeted marketing and product origination.

 • Security & Fraud Protection: Includes risk-based multi-factor authentication and suspicious transaction monitoring as well as multi-channel payment fraud prevention and information reporting tools. Our acquisition of ACH Alert enhanced our platform's capabilities in this product category.

 • Extensibility: Enables clients to embrace and extend the Alkami Digital Banking Platform using our SDK and application program interfaces ("APIs"). This includes the ability to integrate with internal systems & the broader fintech ecosystem, modify & customize workflows, and elevate the look and feel of the Alkami Digital Banking Platform.

 Our Technology and Architecture

 Our platform is true cloud and entirely hosted and delivered on AWS. The benefits of this infrastructure include resiliency, reliability and increased security; we achieved an average of 99.9% uptime in the year ended December 31, 2023. True cloud infrastructure is also remarkably scalable, allowing us to pursue our growth objectives without technological limitation.

 Our technology is predominantly differentiated by the speed-to-market with which we can deliver innovation on the back of a true cloud infrastructure with the combination of the following architectural pillars:

 • Multi-Tenant Architecture: We built our platform from the ground up as multi-tenant. This enables our clients to share in economies of scale enjoyed by large FIs, optimizing for speed, efficiency, reliability and increased security. Importantly, this model also enables us to avoid a growth tax, or additional resource burdens arising from high growth upon a single-tenant platform. New clients can be efficiently on-boarded, new client customers can be seamlessly added and product upgrades and updates can be delivered quickly.

 • Single Code Base: Our single code base is built upon a microservices architecture that leverages our multi-tenant model, compounding the efficiency of our infrastructure and software development lifecycle, regardless of the size, structure or complexity of the client. By maintaining a single code base, we are able to quickly and continuously deploy new code to our entire client base, supporting many platform releases per year. With a microservices architecture, we can support zero-downtime deployments, reduced testing complexity, automation and extensibility.

 • Continuous Delivery Model: The combination of a multi-tenant architecture and single code base is made more powerful when combined with continuous software delivery, enabling us to update our entire client base at frequent intervals. This speed and execution enables our clients to confidently grow and compete with many of the most technologically advanced FIs in the world.

 We synchronize, typically in real-time, the systems and modules into which we integrate while also accumulating a data warehouse that can be synthesized into actionable insights and business intelligence. FIs need access to accurate and complete data. These timely insights extend across administration, marketing and strategy, informing decision-making for FIs and increasing user stickiness. For instance, our clients can identify users with a credit card or loan from another FI and market targeted, competing products to these users. This granular level of insight allows Alkami clients to digitally and systematically drive growth through smarter marketing and forecasting.

 The vast majority of our technology is invisible to our clients' customers; however, our premier user experience delivered in partnership with our clients is highly visible. This includes an ease of use and seamlessness that begins with on-boarding, and extends through general usage, such as balance inquiries, moving money, monitoring credit, managing cards and executing transactions such as deposits, loans and payments. Across our clients' customer base, the average registered user logged onto the digital application three to four times per week, in 2023, providing our clients more opportunities to engage with their customers than a physical branch-based relationship, further highlighting the motivation for our clients to promote client customer digital adoption.

 Our security infrastructure combines security and services from AWS with our own security protocols and integrations. This includes network traffic inspection, endpoint detection and response and automated patching and encryption of data, both at rest and in transit. In a world where our clients receive hundreds of millions of access requests per month from unverified sources, our security infrastructure is a key element of our value proposition, particularly against new entrants.

 While our products and solutions are highly configurable, in certain instances our clients will request custom development and other professional services which we provide. These are generally one-time in nature and involve unique, non-standard features, functions or integrations that are not as broadly desired across our client base.

 Our Clients

 As of December 31, 2023, we served over 650 clients, of which 236 are FI clients of the Alkami Digital Banking Platform, including community, regional and super-regional credit unions and banks across both retail and business banking. Our original product suite was retail focused. As we enhanced our product suite to include greater depth of functionality for business banking in particular, we significantly expanded our addressable market as FIs increasingly seek a single digital banking platform for all their retail and business banking needs.

 Our target client base includes the top 2,500 FIs by assets, with the exception of the megabanks. We focus on this subsection of the broader market because we view this base as offering the greatest potential lifetime value, considering the cost and resources to acquire and service the relationship. Unlike the long tail of very small institutions, this target client base is also far more likely to grow organically and through acquisition.

 Our typical FI relationship begins with a subset of the Alkami Digital Banking Platform as part of a SaaS subscription contract, with an average contract life for those contracts of approximately 70 months as of December 31, 2023. Over the course of a client relationship, we seek to expand the number of products our clients embed within their digital experience as well as the digital penetration of the clients' customer base.

 No single client represented more than 5% of our total revenues in the year ended December 31, 2023.

 Sales and Marketing

 Our sales team includes representatives focused on new platform sales, a cross-sell team and client success managers. This team is responsible for outbound lead generation, driving new business and helping to manage account relationships and renewals, further driving adoption of our solution within and across lines of business. These teams maintain close relationships with existing clients and act as advisors to each FI to help identify and understand their unique needs, challenges, goals and opportunities.

 We utilize a dedicated sales team in order to drive additional adoption of products within existing clients. In addition to identifying opportunities to extend our relationship with clients within the current product suite, this cross-sell team is also responsible for identifying and addressing pain points with our existing solution and sourcing new ideas for additional product capabilities, whether developed internally or through partnership. Cross-sell contributed 35% of total contract value ("TCV") in 2023, highlighting our significant continued opportunity to grow within our existing client base.

 Our client success team is responsible for nurturing relationships holistically throughout the duration of the contract, ensuring that we understand their needs in real time and that our clients are deriving maximum value from the Alkami Digital Banking Platform. Importantly, this team supports retention and deepens the relationship with the client, providing us with the best opportunity to renew clients upon contract expiration, often coupled with an extension of the relationship to additional products.

 Our marketing team oversees all aspects of the Alkami brand including public relations, digital marketing, social media, product marketing, graphic design, conferences and events. Our marketing efforts are focused on promoting direct sales, inbound lead generation and brand building. We leverage online and offline marketing channels through digital marketing, account-based marketing, social media, and events, among other tactics.

 Intellectual Property

 We rely on a combination of patent, trademark, trade secrets and copyright laws, as well as confidentiality procedures and contractual restrictions, to establish, maintain and protect our proprietary rights. Despite substantial investment in research and development activities, we have not focused on patents and patent applications historically. In addition to the intellectual property that we own, we license certain third-party technologies and intellectual property, which are integrated into some of our solutions.

 The efforts we have taken to protect our intellectual property rights may not be sufficient or effective. It may be possible for other parties to copy or otherwise obtain and use the content of our solutions or other technology without authorization. Failure to protect our intellectual property or proprietary rights adequately could significantly harm our competitive position and business, financial condition and results of operations. See "Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Intellectual Property, Software and Third-Party Licenses—Our intellectual property rights are valuable, and any inability to protect them could reduce the value of our products, services and brand."

 In addition, third parties may initiate litigation against us alleging infringement, misappropriation or other violation of their proprietary rights or declaring their non-infringement of our intellectual property rights. Companies in the internet and technology industries, and other patent and trademark holders seeking to profit from royalties in connection with grants of licenses, own large numbers of patents, copyrights, trademarks and trade secrets and frequently enter into litigation based on allegations of infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights. We have received in the past, and may in the future, receive notices that claim we have misappropriated or misused other parties' intellectual property rights. There may be intellectual property rights held by others, including issued or pending patents and trademarks that cover significant aspects of our solutions. Any intellectual property claim against us, regardless of merit, could be time consuming and expensive to settle or litigate and could divert our management's attention and other resources. These claims could also subject us to significant liability for damages and could result in our having to stop using solutions found to be in violation of another party's rights. We might be required or may opt to seek a license for rights to intellectual property held by others, which may not be available on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. Even if a license is available, we could be required to pay significant royalties, which would increase our operating expenses. We may also be required to develop alternative non-infringing solutions, which could require significant effort and expense and which we may not be able to perform efficiently or at all. If we cannot license the intellectual property at issue or develop non-infringing solutions for any allegedly infringing aspect of our business, we may be unable to compete effectively. See "Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Our Intellectual Property, Software and Third-Party Licenses—Claims by others that we infringe, misappropriate or otherwise violate their proprietary technology or other rights could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations."

 Our Competition

 The market for digital solutions for financial services providers is highly competitive. We compete with new and established point solution vendors and core processing vendors, as well as internally developed solutions. We believe that the comprehensive integration among our solution offerings and our clients' internal and third-party systems, combined with our deep industry expertise, including our domain expertise in retail and business banking, reputation for consistent, high-quality client support, pace at which we bring innovation to market, and unified cloud-based digital banking and SaaS solutions distinguish us from the competition.

 With respect to our digital banking platform, we compete against a number of companies, including NCR Corporation, Q2 Holdings, Inc. and Temenos AG in the online, consumer and small business banking space. We also compete with core processing vendors that also provide digital banking solutions such as Fiserv, Inc., Jack Henry and Associates, Inc. and Fidelity National Information Services, Inc.

 Many of our competitors have significantly more financial, technical, marketing and other resources than we have, may devote greater resources to the promotion, sale and support of their systems than we can, have more extensive client bases and broader client relationships than we have and have longer operating histories and greater name recognition than we have. In addition, many of our competitors spend more funds on research and development.

 Although we compete with digital banking vendors and core processing vendors, we also partner with some of these vendors for certain data and services utilized in our solutions and receive referrals from them. In addition, certain of our clients have or can obtain the ability to create their own in-house systems, and while many of these systems have difficulties scaling and providing an integrated platform, we still face challenges displacing in-house systems and retaining clients that choose to develop an in-house system.

 We believe the principal competitive factors for our solutions in the financial services markets we serve include the following:

 • alignment with the missions of our clients;
 • ability to provide a single platform for our clients' consumer and commercial customers;
 • full-feature functionality across digital channels;
 • ability to integrate targeted offers for client customers across digital channels;
 • ability to support FIs in acquiring deposits with open API technologies;
 • SaaS delivery and pricing model;
 • ability to support both internal and external developers to quickly integrate with third-party applications and systems utilizing a software development kit;
 • design of the client customer experience, including modern, intuitive and touch-centric features;
 • configurability and branding capabilities for clients;
 • familiarity of workflows and terminology and feature-on-demand functionality;
 • integrated multi-layered security and compliance of solutions with regulatory requirements;
 • quality of implementation, integration and support services;
 • domain expertise and innovation in financial services technology;
 • price of solutions;
 • ability to innovate and respond to client needs rapidly; and
 • rate of development, deployment and enhancement of solutions.

 We believe that we compete favorably with respect to these factors within the markets we serve, but we expect competition to continue and increase as existing competitors continue to evolve their offerings and as new companies enter our market. To remain competitive, we believe we must continue to invest in research and development, sales and marketing, client support and our business operations generally.

 Human Capital Resources

 As of December 31, 2023, we had 917 employees. We consider our current relationship with our employees to be good. None of our employees are represented by a labor union or are a party to a collective bargaining agreement.

 Since our inception, our culture has been distinguished by how we think, act and interact, and is foundational to fulfilling our mission and vision. Our culture is expressed by our Values: The Customer is our North Star, We Win Together, How You Show Up Matters, Seek the Answer and Finish Strong.

 We regularly conduct employee surveys to better understand the level of employee engagement and the effectiveness of our programs and initiatives. We believe the review of this feedback has served to help us promote and improve our culture across our organization and has led us to create, implement or enhance a host of programs and initiatives:

 • embracing remote work and enabling our employees to do their best work from anywhere in the United States allowing them to balance their work obligations with their personal lives;
 • learning and development programs that are designed to invest in the professional growth and continuous learning of employees and to cultivate leadership talent;
 • performance feedback and talent review programs designed to assess and identify areas for continued learning and training opportunities for employees and a succession bench for critical roles;
 • wellness, benefits and flexible time-off programs designed to assist employees and their families with maintaining physical and emotional wellbeing, while balancing the demands of being part of a high-growth company;
 • cohort programs that seek to identify and attract diverse talent and offer opportunities for professional learning and potential future employment opportunities with Alkami;
 • employee committees focused on embracing our culture, diversity and inclusion; and
 • charitable causes to help create opportunities for employees to join together to make a difference in the workplace and local communities.

 We have received third-party recognition for our employee engagement. In 2023, for instance, we were recognized as a "Best Place to Work in Financial Technology," a "Best and Brightest Companies to Work For in Dallas," as well as a "Best Company for Career Growth," a "Best

 Engineering Team," and a "Best Product and Design Team" from Comparably.

 Government Regulation

 We are a technology service provider to FIs in the United States that are subject to regulation, supervision and examination by a number of regulatory agencies, including the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the "OCC"), the NCUA, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the "Federal Reserve"), the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (the "FDIC") and other federal or state agencies that regulate or supervise FIs in the United States.

 We may be subject to periodic examination by banking regulators under federal, state and other laws that apply to us as a result of the services we provide to FIs and other entities they regulate. In particular, under the Bank Service Company Act, the OCC, the Federal Reserve and the FDIC have, as part of their safety and soundness mandate, statutory authority to supervise third-party service providers, like us, that enter into outsourcing agreements with FIs under their respective jurisdictions. In addition, while we are not currently under examination by the FFIEC, a formal interagency body empowered to prescribe uniform principles, standards and report forms for the examination of FIs, to make recommendations to promote uniformity in the supervision of FIs and to directly administer, coordinate, oversee and implement a supervisory program, known as the Multi-Regional Data Processing Services program, for the supervision and examination of the largest, systemically important third-party service providers to FIs, it is possible that we may become subject to FFIEC examination at some point in the future. FFIEC examinations of service providers to FIs may occur on a rotating basis and cover a wide variety of subjects, including management, acquisition and development activities, support and delivery, cybersecurity, information technology ("IT") audits and our disaster preparedness and business recovery planning. The federal banking regulators that make up the FFIEC have broad supervisory authority to remedy any shortcomings identified in an examination and, following any examination of us by the FFIEC, our FI clients may request an executive summary of the examination through their lead examination agency.

 We are also currently registered as a credit union service organization ("CUSO"), although our status as a CUSO may be subject to change in the future. As a CUSO, while we are not regulated by the NCUA, we are subject to disclosure, annual reporting and other requirements imposed by the NCUA.

 In addition, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (the "Dodd-Frank Act") granted the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (the "CFPB") authority to promulgate rules and interpret certain federal consumer financial protection laws, some of which apply to the solutions we offer to our clients. In certain circumstances, the CFPB also has examination and supervision powers with respect to service providers who provide a material service to an FI offering consumer financial products and services.

 Our clients and prospects are subject to extensive and complex regulations and oversight by federal, state and other regulatory authorities. These laws and regulations are constantly evolving, increasing in number and affect the conduct of our clients' operations and, as a result, our business. Our solutions must enable our clients to comply with applicable legal and regulatory requirements, including, without limitation, those under the following laws and regulations:

 • the Dodd-Frank Act;
 • the Electronic Funds Transfer Act and Regulation E;
 • the Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act;
 • usury laws;
 • the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act;
 • the Fair Credit Reporting Act;
 • laws and regulations against unfair, deceptive or abusive acts or practices;
 • the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 ("CCPA"), the California Privacy Rights Act ("CPRA") and other federal, state and international data privacy, security and protection laws and regulations;
 • the Privacy of Consumer Financial Information regulations;
 • the Bank Secrecy Act and the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001;
 • the FFIEC IT Handbook and related booklets, statements and guidance, including the Guidance on Supervision of Technology Services Providers and the Guidance on Outsourcing Technology Services promulgated by the FFIEC;
 • the OCC's "Third-Party Relationships: Risk Management Guidance";
 • the NCUA's Guidelines for Safekeeping of Member Information;
 • the Federal Credit Union Act; and
 • other federal, state and international laws and regulations.

 The compliance of our solutions with these requirements depends on a variety of factors, including the functionality and design of our solutions, the classification of our clients, and the manner in which our clients and their customers utilize our solutions. In order to comply with our obligations under these laws, we are required to implement operating policies and procedures to protect the privacy and security of our clients' and their customers' information and to undergo periodic audits and examinations.

 Privacy and Information Safeguard Laws

 In the ordinary course of our business, we and our clients using our solutions access, collect, store, use transmit and otherwise process certain types of data, including personal information ("PI"), which subjects us and our clients to certain privacy and information security laws in the United States and internationally, including, for example, the CCPA, as amended by the CPRA, and other state privacy regulations, and other laws, rules and regulations designed to regulate consumer information and data privacy, security and protection, and mitigate identity theft. These laws

 impose obligations with respect to the collection, processing, storage, disposal, use, transfer, retention and disclosure of PI, and require that financial services providers have in place policies regarding information privacy and security. In addition, under certain of these laws, we must provide notice to consumers of our policies and practices for sharing PI with third parties, provide advance notice of any changes to our policies and, with limited exceptions, give consumers the right to prevent use of their PI and disclosure of it to third parties. Further, all 50 states and the District of Columbia have adopted data breach notification laws that impose, in varying degrees, an obligation to notify affected individuals in the event of a data or security breach or compromise, including when their PI has or may have been accessed by an unauthorized person. These laws, as well as new regulations promulgated by the SEC, may also require us to notify relevant law enforcement, regulators, or consumer reporting agencies and/or investors in the event of certain types of cyberattacks or a data breaches. Some laws may also impose physical and electronic security requirements regarding the safeguarding of PI. To assist our efforts to comply with the privacy and information security laws, we have confidentiality and information security standards and procedures in place for our business activities and our third-party vendors and service providers. Privacy and information security laws evolve regularly, and complying with these various laws, rules, regulations and standards, and with any new laws or regulations or changes to existing laws, could cause us to incur substantial costs that are likely to increase over time, requiring us to adjust our compliance program on an ongoing basis and presenting compliance challenges, change our business practices in a manner adverse to our business, divert resources from other initiatives and projects, and restrict the way products and services involving data are offered. See "Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Cybersecurity or Data Privacy—Privacy and data security concerns, data collection and transfer restrictions, contractual obligations and U.S. and foreign laws, regulations and industry standards related to data privacy, security and protection could limit the use and adoption of the Alkami Digital Banking Platform and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations."

 Available Information

 Our website address is www.alkami.com. We make available, free of charge through our website, our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to these reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after filing with, or furnishing to, the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Information contained in our website does not constitute a part of this report or our other filings with the SEC. In addition, the SEC maintains an Internet site ( that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC.

 Item 1A. Risk Factors.

 RISK FACTOR SUMMARY

 Our business, prospects, financial condition, operating results and the trading price of our common stock could be materially adversely affected by a variety of risks and uncertainties, including those described below, as well as other risks not currently known to us or that are currently considered immaterial. In assessing these risks, you should also refer to the other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including our consolidated financial statements and related notes. Our principal risks include risks associated with:

 • managing our rapid growth;
 • attracting new clients and retaining and broadening our existing clients' use of our solutions;
 • maintaining, protecting and enhancing our brand;
 • predicting the long-term rate of client subscription renewals or adoption of our solutions;
 • the unpredictable and time-consuming nature of our sales cycles;
 • integration with and reliance on third-party software, content and services;
 • integrating our solutions with other systems used by our clients;
 • satisfying our clients and meeting their digital banking needs;
 • our dependence on the data centers operated by third parties and third-party internet hosting providers;
 • defects, errors or performance problems associated with our solutions;
 • retaining our management team and key employees and recruiting and retaining new employees;
 • managing the increased complexity of our clients' integration and functionality requirements;
 • shifts in the number of account holders and registered users of our solutions, their use of our solutions and our clients' implementation and client support needs;
 • acquiring or investing in other companies or pursuing business partnerships;
 • natural or man-made disasters;
 • cybersecurity breaches or other compromises of our security measures or those of third parties upon which we rely;
 • privacy and data security concerns, laws, regulations and standards and our processing and use of the PI of end users;
 • intense competition in the markets we serve;
 • reliance on the financial services industry as the source of our revenue in the event of any downturn, consolidation or decrease in technological spend in such industry;
 • evolving technological requirements and changes and additions to our solution offerings;
 • the political, economic and competitive conditions in the markets and jurisdictions where we operate;
 • regulations and laws applicable to us, our clients and our solutions;
 • protecting our intellectual property rights and defending ourselves against claims that we are misappropriating the intellectual property rights of others;
 • using open-source software in our solutions or risks resulting in the disclosure our proprietary source code to our clients;
 • complying with license or technology agreements with third parties and our ability to enter into additional license or technology agreements on reasonable terms;
 • litigation or threats of litigation;
 • the fluctuation of our quarterly and annual results of operations relative to our expectations and guidance;
 • the way we recognize revenue, which has the effect of delaying changes in the subscriptions for our solutions from being reflected in our operating results;
 • our limited operating history, our history of operating losses and our ability to use our net operating loss ("NOL") carryforwards;

 • our ability to raise sufficient capital and the resulting dilution and the terms of our Amended Credit Agreement (as defined below);
 • our status as an emerging growth company;
 • future sales of shares of our common stock, our lack of an intention to pay dividends and significant influence of our principal stockholders;
 • anti-takeover and exclusive forum provisions in our governing documents.

 Risks Relating to Our Business

 Our business and operations have experienced rapid growth, and if we do not appropriately manage future growth, if any, or are unable to improve our systems and processes, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be adversely affected.

 We have experienced rapid growth in our headcount and operations and expect to continue to experience rapid growth in the future. This growth has placed, and may continue to place, significant demands on our management and our operational and financial infrastructure. Our ability to manage our growth effectively will require us to continue to expand our operational and financial infrastructure and to continue to retain, attract, train, motivate and manage our employees. Continued growth could strain our ability to develop and improve our operational, financial and management controls, enhance our reporting systems and procedures, recruit, train and retain highly skilled personnel and maintain client and brand satisfaction.

 As we expand our business, we may find it difficult to maintain our corporate culture while managing our employee growth. Additionally, our productivity and the quality of our offerings may be adversely affected if we do not integrate and train our new employees quickly and effectively. Failure to manage any future growth effectively could result in increased costs, negatively affect our clients' satisfaction with our offerings and harm our results of operations. If we fail to achieve the necessary level of efficiency in our organization as we grow, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be harmed.

 Additionally, if we do not effectively manage the growth and required maturation of our business and operations, the quality of our solutions could suffer, which would negatively affect our brand, operating results and overall business. We may not be able to sustain the diversity and pace of improvements to our offerings successfully or implement systems, processes and controls in an efficient or timely manner or in a manner that does not negatively affect our results of operations. Our failure to improve our systems, processes and controls, or their failure to operate in the intended manner, may result in our inability to manage the growth of our business and to forecast our revenues and expenses accurately.

 If we are unable to attract new clients, continue to broaden our existing clients' use of our solutions or develop and maintain resale agreements with favorable terms, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

 To increase our revenues, we will need to continue to attract new clients and succeed in having our current clients expand the use of our solutions across their institutions. In addition, for us to maintain or improve our results of operations, it is important that our clients renew their subscriptions with us on similar or more favorable terms to us when their existing subscription term expires. Our revenue growth rates may decline or fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, including client spending levels, client dissatisfaction with our solutions, decreases in the number of client customers, changes in the type and size of our clients, pricing changes, competitive conditions, the loss of our clients to other competitors and general economic conditions. We cannot assure you that our current clients will renew or expand their use of our solutions. If we are unable to attract new clients or retain or attract new business from current clients, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected. The growth of our business also depends on our ability to develop and maintain resale agreements with favorable terms for third-party solutions through our digital banking platform agreements. If we are unable to develop and maintain such resale agreements, our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

 Growth of our business depends on a strong brand and any failure to maintain, protect and enhance our brand could hurt our ability to retain or expand our base of clients.

 We believe that a strong brand is necessary to continue to attract and retain clients. We need to maintain, protect and enhance our brand in order to expand our base of clients. This will depend largely on the effectiveness of our marketing efforts, our ability to provide reliable services that continue to meet the needs of our clients at competitive prices, our ability to maintain our clients' trust, our ability to continue to develop new functionality and use cases, and our ability to successfully differentiate our services and platform capabilities from competitive products and services, which we may not be able to do effectively. While we may choose to engage in a broader marketing campaign to further promote our brand, this effort may not be successful or cost effective. Our brand promotion activities may not generate customer awareness or yield increased revenues, and even if they do, any increased revenues may not offset the expenses we incur in building our brand. If we are unable to maintain or enhance client awareness in a cost-effective manner, our brand and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

 Our corporate reputation is susceptible to damage by actions or statements made by adversaries in legal proceedings, current or former employees or clients, competitors and vendors, as well as members of the investment community and the media. There is a risk that negative information about our company, even if based on false rumor or misunderstanding, could adversely affect our business. In particular, damage to our reputation could be difficult and time-consuming to repair, could make potential or existing clients reluctant to select us for new engagements, resulting in a loss of business, and could adversely affect our employee recruitment and retention efforts. Damage to our reputation could also reduce the value and effectiveness of our brand name and could reduce investor confidence in us and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 We may not accurately predict the long-term rate of client subscription renewals or adoption of our solutions, or any resulting impact on our revenues or results of operations.

 We have limited historical data with respect to rates of client subscription renewals and cannot be certain of anticipated renewal rates. Our renewal rates may decline or fluctuate as a result of a number of factors, including our clients' satisfaction with our pricing or our solutions or their

 ability to continue their operations or spending levels. As we sign more contracts, we will generally have an increasing amount of contracts coming up for renewal. If our clients do not renew their subscriptions for our solutions on similar pricing terms, our revenues may decline and it could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Additionally, as the markets for our solutions continue to develop, we may be unable to attract new clients based on the same subscription model that we have used historically. Moreover, large or influential FI clients may demand more favorable pricing or other contract terms from us. As a result, in the past we have had, and expect to be required in the future, to change our pricing model, reduce our prices or accept other unfavorable contract terms, any of which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Our sales cycle can be unpredictable, time-consuming and costly, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Our sales process involves educating prospective clients and existing clients about the use, technical capabilities and benefits of our solutions and typically lasts from three to 12 months or longer. Prospective clients often undertake a prolonged evaluation process, which typically involves not only our solutions, but also those of our competitors. We spend substantial time, effort and money on our sales and marketing efforts without any assurance that our efforts will produce any sales. Events affecting our clients' businesses may occur during the sales cycle that could affect the size or timing of a purchase, contributing to more unpredictability in our business and results of operations. As a result of these factors, we may face greater costs, longer sales cycles and less predictability in the future.

 We leverage third-party software, content and services for use with our solutions. Performance issues, errors and defects, or failure to successfully integrate or license necessary third-party software, content or services on favorable terms, could cause delays, errors or failures of our solutions, increases in our expenses and reductions in our sales, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 We use software and content licensed from, and services provided by, a variety of third parties in connection with the operation of our solutions. This includes making our applications available through the Google Play Store and Apple's App Store (collectively, the "App Stores"). Any performance issues, errors, bugs or defects in third-party software, content or services could result in errors or a failure of our solutions, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In the future, we will need to renew existing licenses and license other software, content or services to enhance our solutions and meet evolving client demands and requirements, all on favorable terms. Any limitations in our ability to use third-party software, content or services, including the App Stores, could significantly increase our expenses and otherwise result in delays, a reduction in functionality or errors or failures of our solutions until equivalent technology or content is either developed by us or, if available, identified, purchased or licensed and integrated into our solutions. In addition, third-party licenses may expose us to increased risks, including risks associated with the integration of new technology, the diversion of resources from the development of our own proprietary technology and our inability to generate revenues from new technology sufficient to offset associated acquisition and maintenance costs, all of which may increase our expenses and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 If we are unable to effectively integrate our solutions with other systems used by our clients, or if there are performance issues with such third-party systems, our solutions will not operate effectively, and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

 The Alkami Digital Banking Platform integrates with other third-party systems used by our clients, including core processing and payment systems. We do not have formal arrangements with many of these third-party providers regarding our access to their application program interfaces to enable these client integrations. If we are unable to effectively integrate with third-party systems, our clients' operations may be disrupted, which could result in disputes with clients, negatively impact client satisfaction and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, if we are unable to address our clients' needs or preferences in a timely fashion or further develop and enhance our solutions, or if a client is not satisfied with the quality of work performed by us or with the technical support services rendered, we could incur additional costs to address the situation, and clients' dissatisfaction with our solutions could damage our ability to maintain or expand our client base. If the software of such third-party providers has performance or other problems, such issues may reflect poorly on us and the adoption and renewal of our solutions, which could significantly harm our reputation. Moreover, any negative publicity related to our solutions, regardless of its accuracy or whether the ultimate cause of any poor performance actually results from our products or from the systems of our clients, may further damage our business by affecting our reputation and may materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected if our clients are not satisfied with our digital banking solutions or our systems and infrastructure fail to meet their needs.

 Our business depends on our ability to satisfy our clients and meet their digital banking needs. Our clients use a variety of network infrastructure, hardware and software, and our digital banking solutions must support the specific configuration of our clients' existing systems, including in many cases the solutions of third-party providers. Our implementation expenses increase when clients have unexpected data, network infrastructure, hardware or software technology challenges, or complex or unanticipated business or regulatory requirements. In addition, our clients typically require complex acceptance testing related to the implementation of our solutions. Implementation delays may also require us to delay revenue recognition under the related sales agreement longer than expected. Further, because we do not fully control our clients' implementation schedules, if our clients do not allocate the internal resources necessary to meet implementation timelines or if there are unanticipated implementation delays or difficulties as a result of expansions of project scope or otherwise, our revenue recognition may be delayed.

 Further, any failure of or delays in our systems could cause service interruptions or impaired system performance. Some of our client agreements require us to issue credits for downtime in excess of certain thresholds and in some instances give our clients the ability to terminate their agreements with us in the event of significant amounts of downtime. If sustained or repeated, these performance issues could reduce the attractiveness of our solutions to new and existing clients, cause us to lose clients, decrease our revenues and lower our renewal rates by existing clients, each of which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, negative publicity resulting from issues related to our client relationships, regardless of accuracy, may adversely affect our ability to attract new clients and maintain and expand our relationships with existing clients.

 If the use of our digital banking solutions increases, or if our clients demand more advanced features from our solutions, we will need to devote additional resources to improving our solutions, and we also may need to expand our technical infrastructure at a more rapid pace than we have in the past. This would involve spending substantial amounts to increase our cloud services infrastructure, purchase or lease data center capacity and equipment, upgrade our technology and infrastructure and introduce new or enhanced solutions. It takes a significant amount of time to plan, develop and test changes to our infrastructure, and we may not be able to accurately forecast demand or predict the results we will realize from such improvements. There are inherent risks associated with changing, upgrading, improving and expanding our technical infrastructure. Any failure of our solutions to integrate effectively with future infrastructure and technologies could reduce the demand for our solutions, resulting in client dissatisfaction, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Also, any expansion of our infrastructure would likely require that we appropriately scale our internal business systems and services organization, including implementation and client support services, to serve our growing client base. If we are unable to respond to these changes or fully and effectively implement them in a cost-effective and timely manner, our service may become ineffective, we may lose clients and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

 We depend on data centers operated by third parties and third-party internet hosting providers, principally Amazon Web Services, and any disruption in the operation of these facilities or access to the internet could adversely affect our business.

 We primarily serve our clients from third-party data center hosting facilities provided by Amazon Web Services ("AWS"). We rely upon AWS to operate certain aspects of our solutions, and any disruption of or interference with our use of AWS has in the past and could in the future impair our ability to deliver our solutions to our clients, resulting in client dissatisfaction, damage to our reputation, loss of clients and harm to our business. We have architected our solutions and computer systems to use data processing, storage capabilities and other services provided by AWS. Given this, we cannot easily switch our AWS operations to another cloud provider, so any disruption of or interference with our use of AWS could increase our operating costs and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations, and we might not be able to secure service from an alternative provider on similar terms.

 Our business requires the ongoing availability and uninterrupted operation of internal and external transaction processing systems and services. Our third-party providers of transaction processing and information technology-related functions are ultimately responsible for maintaining their own network security, disaster recovery and system management procedures, and our review processes for such providers may be insufficient to identify, prevent, or mitigate adverse events. The owners and operators of our current and future hosting facilities do not guarantee that our clients' access to our solutions will be uninterrupted, error-free or secure. We or our third-party providers have in the past and may in the future experience website disruptions, outages and other performance problems. These problems may be caused by a variety of factors, including infrastructure changes, human or software errors, viruses, security attacks, fraud, spikes in client usage and denial of service issues. In some instances, we may not be able to identify the cause or causes of these performance problems within an acceptable period of time. We do not control the operation of these data center facilities, and such facilities, as well as our own information technology systems, are vulnerable to damage or interruption from human error, intentional bad acts, power loss, hardware failures, telecommunications failures, improper operation, unauthorized entry, data loss, power loss, cybersecurity and ransomware attacks, fires, wars, terrorist attacks, floods, earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes, natural disasters or similar catastrophic events. They also could be subject to break-ins, computer viruses, sabotage, intentional acts of vandalism and other misconduct. The occurrence of a natural disaster or an act of terrorism, a decision to close the facilities without adequate notice or terminate our hosting arrangement or other unanticipated problems could result in lengthy interruptions in the delivery of our solutions, cause system interruptions, prevent our clients' account holders from accessing their accounts online, result in reputational harm and loss of critical data, prevent us from supporting our solutions or cause us to incur additional expense in arranging for new facilities and support.

 We also depend on third-party internet-hosting providers and continuous and uninterrupted access to the Internet through third-party bandwidth providers to operate our business. If we lose the services of one or more of our Internet-hosting or bandwidth providers for any reason or if their services are disrupted, for example due to viruses or denial of service or other attacks on their systems, or due to human error, intentional bad acts, power loss, hardware failures, telecommunications failures, fires, wars, terrorist attacks, floods, earthquakes, hurricanes, tornadoes or similar catastrophic events, we could experience disruption in our ability to offer our solutions and adverse perception of our solutions' reliability, or we could be required to retain the services of replacement providers, which could increase our operating costs and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Furthermore, prolonged interruption in the availability, or reduction in the speed or other functionality, of our products or services could materially harm our reputation and business. Frequent or persistent interruptions in our products and services could cause clients to believe that our products and services are unreliable, leading them to switch to our competitors or to avoid our products and services, and could permanently harm our reputation and business.

 Additionally, as our clients may use our products for critical transactions, any errors, defects or other infrastructure problems could result in damage to such clients' businesses. These clients could seek significant compensation from us for their losses and our insurance policies may be insufficient to cover a claim. Even if unsuccessful, this type of claim may be time consuming and costly for us. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Defects, errors or other performance problems in the Alkami Digital Banking Platform could harm our reputation, result in significant costs to us, impair our ability to sell our solutions and subject us to substantial liability.

 The Alkami Digital Banking Platform is complex and may contain defects or errors when implemented or when new functionality is released, or when we modify, enhance, upgrade and implement new systems, procedures and controls to reflect changes in our business, technological advancements and changing industry trends. From time to time, we have discovered, and may in the future discover, defects or errors in our solutions. Any performance problems or defects in our solutions could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Defects, errors or other similar performance problems or disruptions, whether in connection with day-to-day operations or otherwise, could be costly for us, damage our clients' businesses, harm our reputation and result in reduced sales or a loss of, or delay in, the market acceptance of our solutions. In addition, if we have any such errors, defects or other performance problems, our clients could seek to terminate their contracts, elect not to renew their subscriptions, delay or withhold payment or make claims against us. Any of these actions could result in liability,

 lost business, increased insurance costs, difficulty in collecting accounts receivable, costly litigation or adverse publicity, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Additionally, our software utilizes open-source software and any defects or security vulnerabilities in such open-source software could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 We rely on our management team and other key employees, and the loss of one or more key employees could harm our business.

 Our success and future growth depend upon the continued services of our management team, in particular Alex Shootman, our Chief Executive Officer, Stephen Bohanon, our co-founder and Chief Strategy Officer, W. Bryan Hill, our Chief Financial Officer, and other key employees, including in the areas of research and development, marketing, sales, services and general and administrative functions. From time to time, there may be changes in our management team resulting from the hiring or departure of executives, which could disrupt our business. We also are dependent on the continued service of our existing development professionals because of the complexity of our solutions, including complexity arising as a result of the regulatory requirements that are applicable to our clients and, to a lesser extent, us, and the pace of technology changes impacting our clients. We may terminate any employee's employment at any time, with or without cause, and any employee may resign at any time, with or without cause; however, our employment agreements with our named executive officers provide for the payment of severance under certain circumstances. We have also entered into employment agreements with our other executive officers which provide for the payment of severance under similar circumstances as in our named executive officers' employment agreements. The loss of one or more of our key employees could harm our business.

 Because competition for key employees is intense, we may not be able to attract and retain the highly skilled employees we need to support our operations and future growth.

 Competition for executive officers, software developers and other key employees in our industry is intense. In particular, we compete with many other companies for executive officers, for software developers with high levels of experience in designing, developing and managing software, as well as for skilled sales and operations professionals and knowledgeable customer support professionals, and we may not be successful in attracting the professionals we need. We may have difficulty hiring and retaining suitably skilled personnel or expanding our research and development organization. In addition, job candidates and existing employees often consider the actual and potential value of the equity awards they receive as part of their overall compensation. Thus, if the perceived value or future value of our stock declines, our ability to attract and retain highly skilled employees may be adversely affected. If we fail to attract and retain new employees, our business and future growth prospects could be harmed.

 From time to time, we encounter implementation challenges as a result of our clients' integration and functionality requirements, and when this occurs, we must delay revenue recognition, and in certain circumstances we may never recognize the revenue, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 From time to time we face unexpected challenges related to the complexity of our clients' integration and functionality requirements. Our expenses increase when clients have unexpected data, hardware or software technology challenges, or complex or unanticipated functionality requirements. In addition, our clients typically require complex acceptance testing related to the implementation of our solutions. Implementation delays may also require us to delay revenue recognition under the related client agreement longer than expected. Further, because we do not fully control our clients' implementation schedules, if our clients do not allocate the internal resources necessary to meet implementation timelines or if there are unanticipated implementation delays or difficulties as a result of expansions of project scope or otherwise, our revenue recognition may be delayed and in certain circumstances, we may never recognize the revenue. Losses of registered users or any difficulties or delays in implementation processes could cause clients to delay or forego the implementation or future purchases of our solutions, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Shifts over time in the number of account holders and registered users of our solutions, their use of our solutions and our clients' implementation and client support needs could negatively affect our profit margins.

 Our profit margins can vary depending on numerous factors, including the scope and complexity of our implementation efforts, the number of account holders and registered users on our solutions, the type, frequency and volume of their use of our solutions and the level of client support services required by our clients. For example, the third-party service offerings that we resell typically have a much higher cost of revenues than the service offerings that we have internally developed, so any increase in sales of third-party services as a proportion of our subscriptions would have an adverse effect on our overall gross margin and results of operations. If we are unable to increase the number of registered users and the number of transactions they perform on our solutions, the types of FIs that purchase our solutions change or the mix of solutions purchased by our clients changes, our profit margins could decrease and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

 If we fail to provide high-quality client support, our business and reputation could suffer.

 High-quality client support is important to the successful marketing and sale of our solutions and for the renewal of existing client agreements. Providing this level of support requires that our client support personnel have financial services knowledge and expertise, making it difficult for us to hire qualified personnel and scale our support operations. The demand on our client support organization will increase as we expand our business and pursue new clients, and such increased support requirements could require us to devote significant development services and support personnel, which could strain our team and infrastructure and reduce our profit margins. If we do not help our clients quickly resolve any post-implementation issues and provide effective ongoing client support, our ability to sell additional solutions to existing and future clients could suffer and our reputation and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

 We may acquire or invest in companies, or pursue business partnerships, which may divert our management's attention or result in dilution to our stockholders, and we may be unable to integrate acquired businesses and technologies successfully or achieve the expected benefits of such acquisitions, investments or partnerships.

 We have in the past executed and we may in the future consider executing, strategic transactions, including acquisitions of, or investments in, businesses, technologies, services, solutions and other assets. We also may enter into relationships with other businesses to expand our solutions, which could involve preferred or exclusive licenses, additional channels of distribution, discount pricing or investments in other companies. Negotiating these transactions can be time-consuming, difficult and expensive, and our ability to close these transactions may be subject to approvals that are beyond our control. In addition, we have limited experience in acquiring other businesses and the market reaction to our acquisitions may be unfavorable, which may impact our stock price. If an acquired business fails to meet our expectations, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. We may not be able to find and identify desirable acquisition targets, we may incorrectly estimate the value of an acquisition target and we may not be successful in entering into an agreement with any particular target. If we are successful in acquiring an additional business, we may not achieve the anticipated benefits from the acquired business due to a number of factors, including:

 • our inability to integrate or benefit from acquired technologies or services;
 • unanticipated costs or liabilities associated with the acquisition;
 • incurrence of acquisition-related costs;
 • difficulty integrating the technology, accounting systems, operations, control environments and personnel of the acquired business and integrating the acquired business or its employees into our culture;
 • difficulties and additional expenses associated with supporting legacy solutions and infrastructure of the acquired business;
 • difficulty converting the clients of the acquired business to our solutions and contract terms, including disparities in licensing terms;
 • additional costs for the support of the professional services model of the acquired company;
 • diversion of management's attention and other resources;
 • adverse effects to our existing business relationships with business and clients;
 • the issuance of additional equity securities that could dilute the ownership interests of our stockholders;
 • incurrence of debt on terms unfavorable to us or that we are unable to repay;
 • incurrence of substantial liabilities;
 • difficulties retaining key employees of the acquired business; and
 • adverse tax consequences, substantial depreciation or deferred compensation charges.

 In addition, a significant portion of the purchase price of companies we acquire may be allocated to acquired goodwill and other intangible assets, which must be assessed for impairment at least annually. In the future, if our acquisitions do not yield expected returns, we may be required to take charges to our results of operations based on this impairment assessment process, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Natural or man-made disasters and other similar events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, could significantly disrupt our business, and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Any of our operating facilities or infrastructure may be harmed or rendered inoperable by natural or man-made disasters, including hurricanes, tornadoes, wildfires, floods, earthquakes, nuclear disasters, acts of terrorism or other criminal activities, infectious disease outbreaks or pandemic events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, power outages and other infrastructure failures, which may render it difficult or impossible for us to operate our business for some period of time. Our facilities would likely be costly to repair or replace, and any such efforts would likely require substantial time. Any disruptions in our operations could harm our reputation and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Moreover, although we have disaster recovery plans, they may prove inadequate. We may not carry sufficient business insurance to compensate for losses that may occur, and if such events become more frequent it may adversely impact the cost or availability of insurance going forward. Any such losses or damages could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. In addition, the facilities of our third-party providers, including AWS, may be harmed or rendered inoperable by such natural or man-made disasters, which could cause disruptions, difficulties or otherwise materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Risks Relating to Cybersecurity or Data Privacy

 A breach or other compromise of our security measures or those of third parties we rely on could result in unauthorized access to personal information about our clients' customers and other individuals and other data, or disruptions to our systems or operations, which could materially and adversely impact our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations.

 We rely heavily on hardware, software, technology infrastructure, digital networks and a range of other information technology systems for both internal and external operations that are critical to our business (collectively, "IT Systems"). We own and manage some of these IT Systems but also rely for on IT Systems and related services that are operated, managed, integrated or otherwise provided by a host of third partners service providers, vendors, and business partners. In addition certain elements of our solutions process and store PI, including banking and payment data and other PI regarding our clients' customers, such as social security numbers, and we may also have access to PI during various stages of the implementation process or during the course of providing client support. We, like other organizations, particularly in the financial technology sector, routinely are subject to and vulnerable to cybersecurity threats, privacy breaches, insider threats, data breaches or other incidents that threaten the confidentiality, integrity and availability of critical IT Systems and may either result in threatened or actual exposure resulting in unauthorized access, disclosure and misuse of PI or other information regarding clients, client customers, vendors, employees, third-party providers, or our company and business, and our technologies, IT Systems and networks have been subject to attempted cybersecurity attacks. Information security risks for banking and technology companies such as ours have significantly increased in recent years in part because of the proliferation of new technologies, the use of the internet and telecommunications technologies to conduct financial transactions, and the increased sophistication and activities of organized crime, hackers, terrorists and other external parties. Because of our position in the financial services industry, we expect to continue to be a target of such threats and attacks. Additionally, geopolitical events and resulting government activity could also lead to information security threats and attacks by affected jurisdictions and their sympathizers.

 Although we maintain policies, procedures and technological safeguards and administrative controls designed to protect our information technology system and applications, violations of such policies, procedures and safeguards have occurred in the past and, despite the security measures we have in place, there can be no assurance that our cybersecurity risk management program and processes (or those of our third-party providers or partners) will prevent damage to, or interruption or breach of, our IT Systems and operations. Given the unpredictability of the timing, nature and scope of cybersecurity attacks and other security-related incidents, our technology may fail to adequately secure IT Systems or the data and PI we maintain in our databases, and we cannot entirely eliminate the risk of improper or unauthorized access to or disclosure of data or PI, other security events that impact the confidentiality, integrity or availability of data, PI or our IT Systems, or the related costs we may incur to mitigate the consequences from such events. Additionally, we cannot guarantee that our insurance coverage would be sufficient to cover all losses or that relevant insurance will be available in the future on economic terms or at all.

 Further, the Alkami Digital Banking Platform involves flexible and complex software solutions, which by their very nature are subject to misconfigurations, implementation errors, "bugs," defects or other security vulnerabilities that can lead to security breaches or incidents. We have experienced unlawful attempts to disrupt or gain access to our IT Systems, and we are vulnerable to future attacks that may result in unauthorized access to or disclosure of client customer PI or other data and disruption of our or our clients' operations. We may be unable to anticipate or prevent techniques used to obtain unauthorized access or to sabotage systems, react in a timely manner or implement adequate preventative measures. Additionally, we and client customers integrate our solutions with certain third-party systems used by our clients which may have access to PI and other data about our clients. Our ability to monitor such third parties' security measures is limited, and a vulnerability in a third-party system with which we integrate could result in a disruption to our IT Systems or unauthorized access to or disclosure, modification, misuse, loss or destruction of our clients' and client customers' PI and other data, including our business information. Any of the foregoing could result in a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, financial condition and results of operations.

 In addition, because we leverage third-party providers, including cloud, software, data center and other critical technology vendors to deliver our solutions to our clients and their customers, we rely heavily on the data security technology practices and policies adopted by these third-party providers. Such third-party providers have access to PI and other data about our clients and employees, and some of these providers in turn subcontract with other third-party providers. Our ability to monitor our third-party providers' data security is limited. A vulnerability in our third-party providers' software or systems, a failure of our third-party providers' safeguards, policies or procedures, or a breach of a third-party provider's software or systems could result in the compromise of the confidentiality, integrity or availability of our IT Systems or the data housed in our third-party solutions. Due to the size and complexity of our technology platform and services, the amount of PI and other data that we store and the number of clients, employees and third-party providers with access to PI and other data, we are potentially vulnerable to a variety of cybersecurity attacks and other security-related incidents and threats, which could result in a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Cybersecurity attacks and other malicious internet-based activity continue to increase, evolve in nature and become more sophisticated, and providers of digital products and services have been and are expected to continue to be targeted. Furthermore, the use of generative artificial intelligence has made it easier for threat actors to develop and evolve attacks. Threats to our IT Systems and those of our third-party providers or clients may result from human error, fraud or malice on the part of employees or third parties, including state-sponsored organizations with significant financial and technological resources, or from accidental technological failure. In addition to traditional computer "hackers," malicious code (such as viruses and worms), phishing, ransomware, social engineering attacks, employee theft, unauthorized access or misuse and denial-of-service attacks, sophisticated criminal networks as well as nation-state and nation-state supported actors now engage in attacks, including advanced persistent threat intrusions. Current or future criminal capabilities, including by the use of generative artificial intelligence, discovery of existing or new vulnerabilities and attempts to exploit those vulnerabilities or other developments, may compromise or breach our IT Systems or solutions. In the event our or our third-party providers' protection efforts are unsuccessful and our IT Systems or solutions are compromised, we could suffer substantial harm.

 Any cybersecurity attacks, security breaches, phishing attacks, ransomware attacks, computer malware, computer viruses, computer hacking attacks, unauthorized access, coding or configuration errors or similar incidents experienced by us or our third-party providers could result in operational disruptions and the loss, compromise or corruption of client or client customer data (including PI) or data we rely on to provide our solutions, including our analytics initiatives and offerings, and impair our ability to provide our solutions and meet our clients' requirements, resulting in decreased revenues and otherwise adversely affecting our business, financial condition and results of operations. Any such incidents may also result in regulatory investigations and orders, litigation (including class actions), disputes, investigations, indemnity obligations, damages for contract breach or penalties for violation of applicable laws or regulations. Also, our reputation could suffer irreparable harm, causing our current and prospective clients to decline to use our solutions in the future. Further, we could be forced to expend significant financial and operational resources in response to a security breach, including repairing system damage, increasing security protection costs by deploying additional personnel and modifying or enhancing our protection technologies, investigating and remediating any information security vulnerabilities and defending against and resolving legal and regulatory claims, all of which could divert resources and the attention of our management and key personnel away from our business operations and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Federal, state and international regulations, including new regulations promulgated by the SEC, may require us or our clients to notify governmental entities, individuals and/or investors of data security incidents involving certain types of PI or IT Systems or that materially impact our business. Security compromises experienced by others in our industry, our clients, our third-party providers or us may lead to public disclosures and widespread negative publicity. Any security compromise in our industry, whether actual or perceived, could erode client confidence in the effectiveness of our security measures, negatively impact our ability to attract new clients, cause existing clients to elect not to renew or expand their use of our solutions or subject us to third-party lawsuits, regulatory fines or other actions or liabilities, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 If we are not able to detect and identify activity on our platform that might be nefarious in nature or design processes or systems to reduce the impact of similar activity at a third-party provider, our clients and/or client customers could suffer harm, including because many of our products and services are integrated with or connected to our clients' systems and processes. In such cases, we could face exposure to legal claims, particularly if the client and/or client customer suffered actual harm. We cannot ensure that any limitations of liability provisions in our client and user agreements, contracts with third-party providers and other contracts for a security lapse or breach or other security-related matter would be

 enforceable or adequate or would otherwise protect us from any liabilities or damages with respect to any particular claim. We also cannot ensure that our existing insurance coverage will continue to be available on acceptable terms or will be available in sufficient amounts to cover one or more large claims related to a security incident or breach, or that the insurer will not deny coverage as to any future claim. The successful assertion of one or more large claims against us that exceed available insurance coverage, or the occurrence of changes in our insurance policies, including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible or co-insurance requirements, could adversely affect our reputation and our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 In addition, our clients contractually require notification of certain data security compromises and include representations and warranties in their contracts with us that our solutions comply with certain legal and technical standards related to data security and privacy and meet certain service levels. In our contracts, a data security compromise or operational disruption impacting us or one of our critical vendors, or system unavailability or damage due to other circumstances, may constitute a material breach and give rise to a client's right to terminate its contract with us. In these circumstances, it may be difficult or impossible to cure such a breach in order to prevent clients from potentially terminating their contracts with us. Furthermore, although our client contracts typically include limitations on our potential liability, we cannot ensure that such limitations of liability would be adequate. We also cannot be sure that our existing general liability insurance coverage and coverage for errors or omissions will be available on acceptable terms or will be available in sufficient amounts to cover one or more claims, or that our insurers will not deny or attempt to deny coverage as to any future claim. The successful assertion of one or more claims against us, the inadequacy or denial of coverage under our insurance policies, litigation to pursue claims under our policies or the occurrence of changes in our insurance policies, including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible or coinsurance requirements, could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Privacy and data security concerns, data collection and transfer restrictions, contractual obligations and U.S. and foreign laws, regulations and industry standards related to data privacy, security and protection could limit the use and adoption of the Alkami Digital Banking Platform and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 In operating our business and providing services and solutions to our clients, we collect, use, store, transmit and otherwise process sensitive employee and client data, including PI regarding client customers and other individuals, in and across multiple jurisdictions, including at times, across national borders. As a result, we are subject to a variety of laws and regulations in the United States, Europe and around the world, as well as contractual obligations and industry standards, regarding data privacy, security and protection. In many cases, these laws, regulations and industry standards apply not only to third-party transactions, but also to transfers of information between or among us, our subsidiary and other parties with which we have commercial relationships.

 Data privacy, information security, and data protection are significant issues in the United States and globally. The regulatory framework governing the collection, processing, storage, use and sharing of certain information, particularly financial and other PI, is rapidly evolving and is likely to continue to be subject to uncertainty and varying interpretations. The occurrence of unanticipated events and development of evolving technologies often rapidly drives the adoption of legislation or regulation affecting the use, collection or other processing of data and manner in which we conduct our business. We publicly post documentation regarding our practices concerning the collection, processing, use and disclosure of information. Although we endeavor to comply with our published policies and documentation, we may at times fail to do so or be alleged to have failed to do so. Any failure or perceived failure by us to comply with our privacy policies or any applicable privacy, security or data protection, information security or consumer protection-related laws, regulations, orders or industry standards in one or more jurisdictions could expose us to costly litigation, significant awards, fines or judgments, civil and/or criminal penalties or negative publicity, and could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. The publication of our privacy policy and other documentation that provide promises and assurances about data privacy and security can subject us to potential global or U.S. state and federal action if they are found to be deceptive, unfair, or misrepresentative of our actual practices, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 We expect that there will continue to be new proposed and adopted laws, regulations and industry standards concerning privacy, data protection and information security in the United States and other jurisdictions in which we operate. For example, in the United States, we are subject to the rules and regulations promulgated under the authority of the Federal Trade Commission. Additionally, the GLBA (along with its implementing regulations) restricts certain collection, processing, storage, use and disclosure of personal information, requires notice to individuals of privacy practices and provides individuals with certain rights to prevent the use and disclosure of certain nonpublic or otherwise legally protected information. These rules also impose requirements for the safeguarding and proper destruction of personal information through the issuance of data security standards or guidelines.

 In addition, every state in which we operate (and the District of Columbia) has laws that protect the privacy and security of sensitive and personal information. Certain U.S. state laws may be more stringent or broader in scope, or offer greater individual rights, with respect to sensitive and personal information than international, federal, or other state laws, and such laws may differ from each other, which may complicate compliance efforts. For example, California enacted the California Consumer Privacy Act of 2018 ("CCPA") which, among other things, requires companies covered by the legislation to provide new disclosures to California consumers and afford such consumers new rights, including the right to access and delete certain personal information, as well as the right to opt-out of certain sales of personal information. The CCPA provides for civil penalties for violations, as well as a private right of action for certain data breaches that result in the loss of personal information. This private right of action may increase the likelihood of, and risks associated with, data breach litigation. Additionally, the California Privacy Rights Act ("CPRA"), passed in November 2020, imposes additional obligations on companies covered by the legislation and significantly modifies the CCPA, including by expanding consumers' rights with respect to certain sensitive personal information. The CPRA also created a new state agency vested with authority to implement and enforce the CCPA and the CPRA. The effects of existing state legislation, including the CCPA and the CPRA, are significant and has required and may require us in the future to modify our data collection or processing practices and policies and to incur substantial costs and expenses in an effort to comply and increase our potential exposure to regulatory enforcement and/or litigation. In addition, new privacy and security legislation may add additional complexity, variation in requirements, restrictions and potential legal risk, require additional investment of resources in compliance programs, impact strategies and the availability of previously useful data and could result in increased compliance costs and/or changes in business practices and policies

 Internationally, many jurisdictions have established their own data privacy and security legal framework with which we or our clients may need to comply as client customers travel outside of the United States, including, but not limited to, the European Union ("EU"). The EU's data protection landscape is currently evolving, resulting in possible significant operational costs for internal compliance and risk to our business. The EU has adopted the General Data Protection Regulation ("GDPR"), which contains numerous requirements and changes from previously existing EU law, including more robust obligations on data processors and heavier documentation requirements for data protection compliance programs by companies. In particular, under the GDPR, fines of up to 20 million euros or up to 4% of the annual global revenues of the noncompliant company, whichever is greater, could be imposed for violations of certain of the GDPR's requirements. Such penalties are in addition to any civil litigation claims by clients and data subjects.

 Because the interpretation and application of many data privacy and protection laws along with contractually imposed industry standards are uncertain, it is possible that these laws may be interpreted and applied in a manner that is inconsistent with our existing data management practices, solutions or platform capabilities. Any failure or perceived failure by us, or any third parties with which we do business, to comply with our posted privacy policies, changing consumer expectations, evolving laws, rules and regulations, industry standards, or contractual obligations to which we or such third parties are or may become subject, may result in actions or other claims against us by governmental entities or private actors, the expenditure of substantial costs, time and other resources or the incurrence of significant fines, penalties or other liabilities. In addition, any such action, particularly to the extent we were found to be guilty of violations or otherwise liable for damages, would damage our reputation and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 We cannot yet fully determine the impact these or future laws, rules, regulations and industry standards may have on our business or operations. Any such laws, rules and regulations may be inconsistent among different jurisdictions, subject to differing interpretations or may conflict with our current or future practices. Additionally, our clients may be subject to differing privacy laws, rules and legislation, which may mean that they require us to be bound by varying contractual requirements applicable to certain other jurisdictions. Adherence to such contractual requirements may impact our collection, use, processing, storage, sharing and disclosure of various types of information including financial information and other PI, and may mean we become bound by, or voluntarily comply with, self-regulatory or other industry standards relating to these matters that may further change as laws, rules and regulations evolve. Complying with these requirements and changing our policies and practices may be onerous and costly, and we may not be able to respond quickly or effectively to regulatory, legislative and other developments. These changes may in turn impair our ability to offer our existing or planned features, products and services and/or increase our cost of doing business. As we expand our client base, these requirements may vary from client to client, further increasing the cost of compliance and doing business.

 Risks Relating to Our Industry

 We face intense competition and could lose market share to our competitors, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 The market for digital solutions for financial service providers is intensely competitive and characterized by rapid changes in technology and frequent new product introductions and improvements. We anticipate continued challenges from current competitors, including point solution vendors and core processing vendors, many of whom are well-established and enjoy greater resources, as well as from new entrants into the industry, which could include well-established companies with distinct advantages, such as cloud providers, search providers, social media providers and large providers of software to businesses and consumers. If we are unable to anticipate or react to these competitive challenges, our competitive position could weaken, and we could experience a decline in revenues that could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Many of our existing competitors have, and some of our potential competitors could have, substantial competitive advantages such as:

 • greater name recognition and larger client bases;
 • larger sales and marketing budgets and resources;
 • greater client support resources;
 • larger research and development budgets; and
 • substantially greater financial, technical and other resources.

 Potential clients may also prefer to continue their relationship with their existing partner rather than change to a new partner regardless of product performance or features. As a result, even if the features of the Alkami Digital Banking Platform are superior, clients may not purchase our solution. In addition, innovative start-up companies, and larger companies that are making significant investments in research and development, may develop similar or superior products and technologies that compete with our solutions. Our current and potential competitors may also establish cooperative relationships among themselves or with third parties that may further enhance their market position. As a result, our current or potential competitors might be able to adapt more quickly to new technologies and client customer needs, devote greater resources to the promotion or sale of their products and services, initiate or withstand substantial price competition, take advantage of acquisitions or other opportunities more readily, or develop and expand their product and service offerings more quickly than we can. Further, conditions in our industry could change rapidly and significantly as a result of technological advancements. These competitive pressures in our market or our failure to compete effectively may result in price reductions, reduced revenues and gross margins and loss of market share. If our clients do not renew their subscriptions for our solutions on similar or more favorable terms to us, our revenues may decline and it could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 We derive all of our revenues from clients in the financial services industry, and any downturn, consolidation or decrease in technology spend in the financial services industry could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 We derive all of our revenues from FIs, whose industry has experienced significant pressure in recent years due to economic and political uncertainty, liquidity concerns, the rapid and sustained increase in interest rates, exposure to loan assets and lending policies and the value, if any, of underlying collateral and increased regulation. In the recent past, FIs have experienced consolidation, distress and failure, and very few new FIs are being created. It is possible these conditions may continue into the future, and even if conditions improve for FIs, there can be no guarantee that these conditions will not reoccur. If any of our clients fail or merge with, or are acquired by, other entities, such as FIs that have internally developed banking technology solutions or that are not our clients or use our solutions less, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be

 materially and adversely affected. Additionally, changes in management of our clients could result in delays or cancellations of the implementation of our solutions. It is also possible that consolidation among FIs could decrease the number of registered users by causing registered users to opt for fewer and deeper FI relationships, and larger FIs that result from business combinations could have greater leverage in negotiating price or other terms with us or could decide to replace some or all of the elements of our solutions.

 Our business, financial condition and results of operations could also be materially and adversely affected by weak economic conditions in the financial services industry. Any downturn in the financial services industry may cause potential new clients and existing clients to forego or delay purchasing our solutions or reduce the amount of spend with us, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 If we fail to respond to evolving technological requirements or introduce adequate enhancements and new features, our digital banking solutions could become obsolete or less competitive.

 The market for our solutions is characterized by rapid technological advancements, changes in client requirements and technologies, frequent new product introductions and enhancements and changing regulatory requirements. The life cycles of our solutions are difficult to estimate. Rapid technological changes and the introduction of new products and enhancements by new or existing competitors or large FIs could undermine our current market position. Other means of digital banking may be developed or adopted in the future, and our solutions may not be compatible with these new technologies. In addition, the technological needs of and services provided by, FIs may change if they or their competitors offer new services to account holders. Maintaining adequate research and development resources to meet the demands of the market is essential. The process of developing new technologies and solutions is complex and expensive. The introduction of new solutions by our competitors, the market acceptance of competitive solutions based on new or alternative technologies or the emergence of new technologies or solutions in the broader financial services industry could render our solutions obsolete or less effective.

 The success of any enhanced or new solution depends on several factors, including timely completion, adequate testing and market release and acceptance of the solution. Any new solutions that we develop or acquire may not be introduced in a timely or cost-effective manner, may contain defects or may not achieve the broad market acceptance necessary to generate significant revenues. If we are unable to anticipate client requirements or work with our clients successfully on implementing new solutions or features in a timely manner or enhance our existing solutions to meet our clients' requirements, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

 If the market for digital banking solutions develops more slowly than we expect or changes in a way that we fail to anticipate, our sales would suffer and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

 Use of, and reliance on, digital banking solutions is still at a relatively early stage, and we do not know whether FIs will continue to adopt digital banking solutions such as ours in the future or whether the market will change in ways we do not anticipate. Many FIs have invested substantial personnel and financial resources in legacy software, and these institutions may be reluctant, unwilling or unable to convert from their existing systems to our solutions. Furthermore, these FIs may be reluctant, unwilling or unable to use digital banking solutions due to various concerns such as the security of their data and reliability of the delivery model. These concerns or other considerations may cause FIs to choose not to adopt our digital banking solutions or to adopt them more slowly than we anticipate, either of which would adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Our future success also depends on our ability to sell additional applications and functionality to our current and prospective clients. As we create new applications and enhance our existing solutions, these applications and enhancements may not be attractive to clients. In addition, promoting and selling new and enhanced functionality may require increasingly costly sales and marketing efforts, and if clients choose not to adopt this functionality, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

 Our products are marketed to and used by FIs, who are subject to extensive laws and regulations regarding the business functions and activities performed on our software solutions. Changes to any applicable statutes, regulations, rules or policies, including the interpretation or implementation of statutes, regulations, rules or policies could affect us in substantial and unpredictable ways, including limiting the types of software products we may offer and increasing the ability of third parties to offer competing services and products to FIs. Assuring that our products adapt to changes in the compliance obligations or expectations of our customers requires significant expense and devotion of resources on our part which may adversely affect our ability to operate profitably.

 Our clients and prospective clients, as FIs, are highly regulated and are generally required to comply with stringent regulations in connection with managing their vendors, in particular those that are performing business functions that our solutions address. As a provider of technology services to such FIs, we may in the future be subject to examination by various federal and state regulatory agencies, including those agencies that comprise the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council ("FFIEC"), and we are also required to review and perform due diligence on certain of our third-party providers. Matters subject to review and examination by the FFIEC, federal and state regulatory agencies and external auditors include, but are not limited to, our internal information technology controls in connection with our performance of data processing services, the agreements giving rise to those processing activities and the design of our solutions, as well as our systems and technical infrastructure, our cybersecurity posture, our business recovery planning, our management and our financial condition. In addition, while we are not regulated by the National Credit Union Administration ("NCUA"), as a result of our registration as a CUSO, we are subject to disclosure, annual reporting and other requirements imposed by the NCUA. In addition, the Dodd-Frank Act granted the CFPB authority to promulgate rules and interpret certain federal consumer financial protection laws, some of which apply to the solutions we offer to our clients. In certain circumstances, the CFPB also has examination and supervision powers with respect to service providers who provide a material service to an FI offering consumer financial products and services. While many of our operations are not directly subject to the same regulations applicable to FIs, we are legally and contractually obligated to our clients to provide software solutions and maintain internal systems and processes that comply with certain federal and state regulations applicable to them. Compliance with current or future digital accessibility, privacy, data protection and information security laws to which we or our FI clients are subject could result in higher compliance and technology costs and could restrict our ability to fully exploit our capabilities or provide certain products and services, which could materially and adversely affect our ability to operate profitably. Our failure to offer products and solutions that directly or indirectly comply with such laws, including as interpreted and applied by courts and regulators, could result in potentially significant regulatory and/or governmental investigations and/or actions, litigation, fines, sanctions and damage to our reputation and our brand. In recent years, there has been increasing enforcement activity in the areas of digital accessibility, privacy, data protection and information security in various markets in which our customers operate.

 For example, as a result of obligations under our client contracts, we are required to comply with certain provisions of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act ("GLBA") related to the privacy of consumer information and may be subject to other privacy, security and digital accessibility requirements because of the solutions we provide to FIs. We may also be subject to other laws because of the solutions we provide to FIs. Any inability to satisfy regulatory or contractual expectations in connection with applicable regulations and guidance could adversely affect our ability to conduct our business, including attracting and maintaining clients, require significant costs to correct, harm our reputation, or lead to liability to third parties, including our customers or their consumers. Further, if we have to make changes to our internal processes and solutions as result of applicable regulations or guidance or findings from examinations, we could be required to invest substantial additional time and funds and divert time and resources from other corporate purposes to remedy any identified deficiency or gap.

 In addition, individual claimants and other third parties, including advocates for the blind or other persons with disabilities, have filed lawsuits or issued cease and desist requests to FIs, including our clients, on grounds that websites or mobile applications offered to consumers do not meet the needs of individuals with a disability within the meaning of Section 3(2) of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, 42 U.S.C. §§ 12101, 12102(2) ("ADA") and the Title III regulations implementing the ADA contained in 28 C.F.R. §§ 36.101, et seq. Third-party advocates and individuals with disabilities seek changes to existing law and regulation, or advocate for novel legal rulings in court, against FIs when desktop websites or mobile applications do not meet or exceed the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines 2.1 digital accessibility standard, which was developed in part to help ensure that the content developed for banks, credit unions and other financial institutions can be accessed and used by people with or without disabilities. The evolving, complex and often unpredictable regulatory and litigation environment in which our clients operate could result in our failure to provide compliant solutions, which could result in clients not purchasing our solutions or terminating their contracts with us or the imposition of fines or other liabilities for which we may be responsible or for which our clients may seek indemnity from us. In addition, federal, state and/or foreign agencies may attempt to further regulate our activities in the future which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. For example, existing laws, regulations and guidance could be amended or interpreted differently by regulators in a manner that imposes additional costs and has a negative impact on our existing operations or that limits our future growth. In addition, new regulations could require costly changes in our processes, infrastructure or personnel. Finally, actions by regulatory authorities could influence both the decisions our clients make concerning the purchase of our solutions and the timing and implementation of these decisions. Substantial research and development and other corporate resources have been and will continue to be applied to adapt our solutions to this evolving, complex and often unpredictable regulatory environment.

 Risks Relating to Our Intellectual Property, Software and Third-Party Licenses

 Our intellectual property rights are valuable, and any inability to protect them could reduce the value of our products, services and brand.

 Our trade secrets, trademarks, copyrights, patents and other intellectual property rights are important assets for us. As of December 31, 2023, we had four U.S. registered patents related to automated clearing house transaction notifications and the facilitation of transaction disputes and 24 issued patents, inclusive of U.S. registered patents and international patents, as well as five patent applications pending in the United States, related to our Segmint marketing technology business. We currently own the U.S. registered trademark for the word "Alkami" and certain variants thereof, as well as certain other U.S. registered trademarks relating to our products and services. We also rely on copyright laws to protect computer programs related to our platform and our proprietary technologies, although to date we have not registered for statutory copyright protection. We have registered numerous internet domain names in the United States related to our business. We rely on, and expect to continue to rely on, various agreements with our employees, independent contractors, consultants and third parties with whom we have relationships, as well as trademark, trade dress, domain name, copyright, patent and trade secret laws in the United States and internationally to protect our brand and other intellectual property rights. Such agreements and laws may be insufficient, breached, or otherwise fail to prevent unauthorized use or disclosure of our confidential information, intellectual property or technology, and may not provide an adequate remedy in the event of unauthorized use or disclosure of our confidential information, intellectual property or technology.

 Additionally, various factors outside our control pose a threat to our intellectual property rights, as well as to our products, services and technologies. For example, we may fail to obtain effective intellectual property protection, or the efforts we have taken to protect our intellectual property rights may not be sufficient or effective, and any of our intellectual property rights may be challenged, which could result in them being narrowed in scope or declared invalid or unenforceable. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, there can be no assurance our intellectual property rights will be sufficient to protect against others offering products or services that are substantially similar to ours and compete with our business or that unauthorized parties may attempt to copy aspects of our technology and use information that we consider proprietary. For example, it is possible that third parties, including our competitors, may obtain patents relating to technologies that overlap or compete with our technology. If third parties obtain patent protection with respect to such technologies, they may assert, and have in the past asserted, that our technology infringes their patents and seek to charge us a licensing fee or otherwise preclude the use of our technology or file suit against us. Additionally, unauthorized third parties may try to copy or reverse engineer portions of our products or otherwise obtain and use our intellectual property and other information that we regard as proprietary to create products and services that compete with ours.

 Any additional investment in protecting our intellectual property through additional trademark, patent or other intellectual property filings could be expensive or time-consuming. We may not be able to obtain protection for our technology and even if we are successful in obtaining effective patent, trademark, trade secret and copyright protection, it is expensive to maintain these rights, both in terms of application and maintenance costs, and the time and cost required to defend our rights could be substantial. Moreover, our failure to develop and properly manage and protect new intellectual property could hurt our market position and business opportunities. Furthermore, recent changes to U.S. intellectual property laws and possible future changes to U.S. or foreign intellectual property laws and regulations may jeopardize the enforceability and validity of our intellectual property portfolio and harm our ability to obtain patent protection, including for some of our unique business methods. We may be unable to obtain trademark protection for our products and brands, and our existing trademark registrations, and any trademarks that may be used in the future, may not provide us with competitive advantages or distinguish our products and services from those of our competitors. In addition, our trademarks may be contested or found to be unenforceable, weak or invalid, and we may not be able to prevent third parties from infringing or otherwise violating them.

 We will not be able to protect our intellectual property rights if we are unable to enforce our rights or if we do not detect unauthorized use of our intellectual property rights. Additionally, effective intellectual property protection may not be available in every country in which we offer our products and services, and the laws of certain non-U.S. countries where we do business or may do business in the future may not recognize intellectual property rights or protect them to the same extent as do the laws of the United States. In addition, any changes in, or unexpected interpretations of, intellectual property laws may compromise our ability to enforce our trade secret and intellectual property rights. Failure to obtain or maintain protection of our trade secrets or other proprietary information could harm our competitive position and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 In addition to registered intellectual property rights such as trademark registrations, we rely on non-registered proprietary information and technology, such as copyrights, trade secrets, confidential information, know-how and technical information. In order to protect our proprietary information and technology, we rely in part on non-disclosure and confidentiality agreements with parties who have access to them, including our employees, investors, independent contractors, corporate collaborators, advisors and other third parties, which place restrictions on the use and disclosure of this intellectual property. We also enter into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with our employees and consultants. We cannot guarantee that we have entered into such agreements with each party that may have or have had access to our trade secrets or proprietary information or otherwise developed intellectual property for us, including our technology and processes. Individuals not subject to invention assignment agreements may make adverse ownership claims to our current and future intellectual property. Additionally, these agreements may be insufficient or breached, or this intellectual property, including trade secrets, may otherwise be disclosed or become known to our competitors, which could cause us to lose any competitive advantage resulting from this intellectual property. We may not be able to obtain adequate remedies for such breaches. Additionally, to the extent that our employees, independent contractors or other third parties with whom we do business use intellectual property owned by others in their work for us, disputes may arise as to the rights in related or resulting know-how and inventions. The loss of trade secret protection could make it easier for third parties to compete with our products and services by copying functionality.

 To counter infringement or unauthorized use of our intellectual property, we may deem it necessary to file infringement claims, which can be expensive, time consuming and distracting to management. Our efforts to enforce our intellectual property rights in this manner may be met with defenses, counterclaims, and countersuits attacking the validity and enforceability of our intellectual property rights. An adverse result of such litigation could require us to pay monetary damages or enter into royalty and licensing agreements that we would not normally find acceptable, cause a delay to the development of our products and services, require us to stop selling all or a portion of our products and services, require us to redesign certain components of our platform using alternative non-infringing technology or practices, which could require significant effort and expense. Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in connection with intellectual property litigation, there is a risk that some of our confidential information could be compromised by disclosure during this type of litigation. An adverse outcome in such litigation or proceedings may expose us to a loss of our competitive position, expose us to significant liabilities or require us to seek licenses that may not be available on commercially acceptable terms, if at all.

 Some of our products and services contain open-source software, which may pose particular risks to our proprietary software, products and services in a manner that could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 We use open-source software in our products and services and anticipate using open-source software in the future. Some open-source software licenses require those who distribute open-source software as part of their own software product to publicly disclose all or part of the source code to such software product or to make available any derivative works of the open-source code on unfavorable terms or at no cost, and we may be subject to such terms. The terms of certain open-source licenses to which we are subject have not been interpreted by U.S. or foreign courts, and there is a risk that open-source software licenses could be construed in a manner that imposes unanticipated conditions or restrictions on our ability to provide, or distribute the products or services related to, the open-source software subject to those licenses. While we use reasonable efforts to monitor our use of open-source software and try to ensure that none is used in a manner that would require us to disclose our proprietary source code or that would otherwise breach the terms of an open-source agreement, such use could inadvertently occur, or could be claimed to have occurred, in part because open-source license terms are often ambiguous. Additionally, we could face claims from third parties claiming ownership of, or demanding release of, any open-source software or derivative works that we have developed using such software, which could include proprietary source code, or otherwise seeking to enforce the terms of the applicable open-source license. These claims could result in litigation and could require us to make our software source code freely available, purchase a costly license or cease offering the implicated products or services unless and until we can re-engineer such source code in a manner that avoids infringement. This re-engineering process could require us to expend significant additional research and development resources, and we may not be able to complete the re-engineering process successfully. In addition to risks related to license requirements, use of certain open-source software can lead to greater risks than use of third-party commercial software, as open-source licensors generally do not provide warranties or controls on the origin of software. There is little legal precedent in this area and any actual or claimed requirement to disclose our proprietary source code or pay damages for breach of contract could harm our business and could help third parties, including our competitors, develop products and services that are similar to or better than ours. Any of these risks could be difficult to eliminate or manage, and, if not addressed, could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 We may be obligated to disclose our proprietary source code to our clients, which may limit our ability to protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights, reduce the renewals of our solutions and increase the risk of successful hacking attempts.

 Some of our client agreements contain provisions permitting the client to become a party to, or a beneficiary of, a source code escrow agreement under which we place the proprietary source code for certain of our products in escrow with a third party. Under these source code escrow agreements, our source code may be released to the client upon the occurrence of specified events, such as in situations of our bankruptcy or insolvency or our failure to support or maintain our products. Disclosing the content of our source code may limit the intellectual property protection we can obtain or maintain for our source code or our products containing that source code and may facilitate intellectual property infringement, misappropriation or other violation claims against us.

 Following any such release, we cannot be certain that clients will comply with the restrictions on their use of the source code and we may be unable to monitor and prevent unauthorized disclosure of such source code by clients. Additionally, following any such release, clients may be able to create derivative works based on our source code and may own such derivative works. Any increase in the number of people familiar with our source code as a result of any such release may also increase the risk of a successful hacking attempt. Each of these could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Claims by others that we infringe upon, misappropriate or otherwise violate their intellectual property or other proprietary technology rights could have a material and adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Technology companies frequently enter into litigation based on allegations of patent or trademark infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights. We may become involved in lawsuits to protect or enforce our intellectual property rights, and we may be subject to claims by third parties that we have infringed, misappropriated or otherwise violated their intellectual property rights. As we face increasing competition and gain an increasingly high profile, the possibility of intellectual property rights claims against us may increase. This risk has been amplified by the increase in patent holding companies that seek to monetize patents they have purchased or otherwise obtained and whose sole or primary business is to assert such claims.

 From time to time, third parties may assert, and in the past have asserted, claims of infringement, misappropriation or other violation of intellectual property rights against us and FIs with whom we do business. Recently, for instance, a large financial services company has been successfully enforcing certain patents related to the use of remote deposit capture technology--a process that virtually every FI offers to its end users. Any claim of infringement, misappropriation or other violation of intellectual property rights by a third party, even those without merit and regardless of the outcome, could cause us to incur substantial costs defending against the claim, distract our management from our business, require us to redesign or cease use of such intellectual property, pay substantial amounts to satisfy judgments or settle claims or lawsuits, pay substantial royalty or licensing fees, or satisfy indemnification obligations that we have with certain parties with whom we have commercial relationships. The outcome of any allegation is often uncertain. Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in connection with intellectual property litigation, there is a risk that some of our confidential information could be compromised by disclosure during this type of litigation.

 If any of our technologies, products or services are found to infringe upon, misappropriate or violate a third party's intellectual property rights, we could be required to obtain a license from such third party to continue commercializing or using such technologies, products and services. However, we may not be able to obtain any required license on commercially reasonable terms or at all. Even if we were able to obtain a license, we could be required to make substantial licensing and royalty payments. We also could be forced, including by court order, to cease the commercialization or use of the violating technology, products or services. Accordingly, we may be forced to design around such violated intellectual property, which may be expensive, time-consuming or infeasible. In addition, we could be found liable for significant monetary damages, including treble damages and attorneys' fees, if we are found to have willfully infringed upon a patent or other intellectual property right. Claims that we have misappropriated the confidential information or trade secrets of third parties could similarly harm our business. If we are required to make substantial payments or undertake any of the other actions noted above as a result of any intellectual property infringement, misappropriation or violation claims against us, such payments, costs or actions could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position, business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Additionally, in certain of our agreements with clients and licensors of software we use internally or license to our clients, we agree to indemnify them for losses related to, among other things, claims by third parties that our intellectual property infringes upon, misappropriates or violates the intellectual property of such third party. From time to time, clients or licensors have required, and may in the future require, us to indemnify them for such infringement, misappropriation or violation, breach of confidentiality or violation of applicable law, among other things. Although we normally seek to contractually limit our liability with respect to such obligations, some of these indemnity agreements may provide for uncapped liability and some indemnity provisions survive termination or expiration of the applicable agreement. Any legal claims from clients or other third parties could result in substantial liabilities, reputational harm, the delay or loss of market acceptance of our products, and could have adverse effects on our relationships with such clients and other third parties.

 If we fail to comply with our obligations under license or technology agreements with third parties, we may be required to pay damages and we could lose license rights that are critical to our business.

 We license certain intellectual property, including technologies, data, content and software from third parties, that is important to our business, and in the future we may enter into additional agreements that provide us with licenses to valuable intellectual property or technology. If we fail to comply with any of the obligations under our license agreements, we may be required to pay damages and the licensor may have the right to terminate the license. Termination by the licensor would cause us to lose valuable rights, and could prevent us from selling our products and services, or inhibit our ability to commercialize future products and services. Our business would suffer if any current or future licenses terminate, if the licensors fail to abide by the terms of the license, if the licensors fail to enforce licensed patents against infringing third parties, if the licensed intellectual property rights are found to be invalid or unenforceable, or if we are unable to enter into necessary licenses on acceptable terms. In addition, our rights to certain technologies are licensed to us on a non-exclusive basis. The owners of these non-exclusively licensed technologies are therefore free to license them to third parties, including our competitors, on terms that may be superior to those offered to us, which could place us at a competitive disadvantage. Moreover, our licensors may own or control intellectual property that has not been licensed to us and, as a result, we may be subject to claims, regardless of their merit, that we are infringing or otherwise violating the licensor's rights. In addition, the agreements under which we license intellectual property or technology from third parties are generally complex, and certain provisions in such agreements may be susceptible to multiple interpretations. The resolution of any contract interpretation disagreement that may arise could narrow what we believe to be the scope of our rights to the relevant intellectual property or technology, or increase what we believe to be our financial or other obligations under the relevant agreement. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position, business, financial condition and results of operations.

 If we cannot license rights to use technologies on reasonable terms, we may not be able to commercialize new products in the future.

 In the future, we may identify additional third-party intellectual property we may need to license in order to engage in our business, including to develop or commercialize new products or services. However, such licenses may not be available on acceptable terms or at all. The licensing or acquisition of third-party intellectual property rights is a competitive area, and several more established companies may pursue strategies to license or acquire third-party intellectual property rights that we may consider attractive or necessary. These established companies may have a competitive advantage over us due to their size, capital resources and greater development or commercialization capabilities. In addition, companies that perceive us to be a competitor may be unwilling to assign or license rights to us. Even if such licenses are available, we may be required to pay the licensor substantial royalties based on sales of our products and services. Such royalties are a component of the cost of our products or services

 and may affect the margins on our products and services. In addition, such licenses may be non-exclusive, which could give our competitors access to the same intellectual property licensed to us. If we are unable to enter into the necessary licenses on acceptable terms or at all, if any necessary licenses are subsequently terminated, if our licensors fail to abide by the terms of the licenses, if our licensors fail to prevent infringement by third parties, or if the licensed intellectual property rights are found to be invalid or unenforceable, our business, financial condition, and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. Further, third parties from whom we currently license intellectual property rights could refuse to renew our agreements upon their expiration or could impose additional terms and fees that we otherwise would not deem acceptable requiring us to obtain the intellectual property from another third party, if any is available, or to pay increased licensing fees or be subject to additional restrictions on our use of such third-party intellectual property. Defense of any lawsuit or failure to obtain any of these licenses on favorable terms could prevent us from commercializing products, which could have a material adverse effect on our competitive position, business, financial condition and results of operations.

 Risks Relating to our Financial Results, Operating History and Capital Structure

 Our quarterly and annual results of operations are likely to fluctuate in future periods.

 We expect to experience quarterly or annual fluctuations in our results of operations due to a number of factors, many of which are outside of our control. This makes our future results difficult to predict and could cause our results of operations to fall below expectations or our predictions. Factors that might cause quarterly or annual fluctuations in our results of operations include:

 • the timing of large subscriptions and client terminations, renewals or failures to renew;
 • our ability to attract new clients and retain and grow revenues from existing clients;
 • our ability to maintain, expand, train and achieve an acceptable level of production from our sales and marketing teams;
 • the timing of our introduction of new solutions or updates to existing solutions;
 • our ability to grow and maintain our relationships with our ecosystem of third-party partners, including integration partners and referral partners;
 • the success of our clients' businesses;
 • new government regulations;
 • changes in our pricing policies or those of our competitors;
 • the amount and timing of our expenses related to the expansion of our business, operations and infrastructure;
 • any impairment of our intangible assets, capitalized software, long-lived assets or goodwill;
 • future costs related to acquisitions of content, technologies or businesses and their integration;
 • natural disasters, outbreaks of disease or public health crises; and
 • general economic conditions.

 Any one of the factors above, or the cumulative effect of some or all of the factors referred to above, may result in significant fluctuations in our quarterly and annual results of operations. This variability and unpredictability could result in our failure to meet or exceed our internal operating plan. In addition, a percentage of our operating expenses is fixed in nature and is based on forecasted financial performance. In the event of revenue shortfalls, we may not be able to mitigate the negative impact on our results of operations quickly enough to avoid short-term impacts.

 Because we recognize revenues from our solutions over the terms of our client agreements, beginning from live use of the service, the impact of changes in the subscriptions for our solutions will not be immediately reflected in our operating results.

 We generally recognize revenues from subscription fees paid by clients over their contractual term beginning from live use of the service. As a result, the substantial majority of the revenues we report in each quarter is related to agreements entered into during previous quarters. Consequently, a change in the level of new client agreements or implementations in any quarter may have a small impact on our revenues in that quarter but will affect our revenues in future quarters. Accordingly, the effect of significant downturns in sales and market acceptance of our solutions, or changes in our rate of renewals, may not be fully reflected in our results of operations until future periods. Our subscription model also makes it difficult for us to rapidly increase our revenues through additional sales in any period, as we generally recognize subscription revenues from new clients over the applicable subscription terms once they have begun live use of our services.

 Our limited operating history makes it difficult to evaluate our current business and future prospects, and our recent success may not be indicative of our future results of operations.

 We began business in 2009 and, as a result, have only a limited operating history upon which to evaluate our business and future prospects. We have encountered and will continue to encounter risks and difficulties frequently experienced by rapidly growing companies in constantly evolving industries, including the risks described in this document. If we do not address these risks successfully, our business, financial condition and results of operations will be adversely affected and the market value of our common stock could decline. Further, because we have limited historical financial data and we operate in a rapidly evolving market, any predictions about our future revenues and expenses may not be as accurate as they would be if we had a longer operating history or operated in a more predictable market.

 You should not consider our revenue growth rate in recent periods as indicative of our future performance. You should not rely on our revenues for any prior quarterly or annual periods as an indication of our future revenues or revenue growth. If we are unable to maintain revenue growth, it may be difficult for us to achieve and maintain profitability.

 We have a history of operating losses and may not achieve or maintain profitability in the future.

 Since inception, we have incurred net losses as we have spent significant funds on organizational and start-up activities, to recruit key managers and employees, to develop our solutions and client support resources and for research and development. We will need to generate and sustain increased revenue levels in future periods in order to become profitable, and, even if we do increase our revenues, we may not be able to achieve, maintain or increase our profitability. We intend to continue to expend significant resources to support further growth and extend the functionality of our solutions, expand our sales and product development headcount and increase our marketing activities. We will also face

 increased costs associated with growth, the expansion of our client base, regulatory compliance and information security and the costs of being a public company. Our efforts to grow our business may be more costly than we expect, and we may not be able to increase our revenues enough to offset our increased operating expenses. We expect to incur losses for the foreseeable future as we continue to invest in product development and marketing, and we cannot predict whether or when we will achieve or maintain profitability. If we are unable to achieve and maintain profitability, the value of our business and common stock may significantly decrease and our business, financial condition and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.

 Our ability to raise capital in a timely manner if needed in the future may be limited, or such capital may be unavailable on acceptable terms, if at all. Our failure to raise capital if needed could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations, and any debt or equity issued to raise additional capital may reduce the value of our common stock.

 We have funded our operations since inception primarily through equity financings and receipts generated from clients. We cannot be certain when or if our operations will generate sufficient cash to fund our ongoing operations or the growth of our business. We intend to continue to make investments to support our business and may require additional funds. Moreover, we do not expect to be profitable for the foreseeable future. Additional financing may not be available on favorable terms, if at all. If adequate funds are not available on acceptable terms, we may be unable to invest in future growth opportunities, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 We also have incurred debt pursuant to our Amended Credit Agreement (as defined below), and the lenders have rights senior to holders of common stock to make claims on our assets. The terms of our Amended Credit Agreement could restrict our operations, and we may be unable to service or repay the debt.

 Furthermore, if we issue additional equity securities, stockholders may experience dilution, and the new equity securities could have rights senior to those of our common stock. Because our decision to incur debt or issue securities in a future offering will depend on numerous considerations, including factors beyond our control, we cannot predict or estimate the impact any future incurrence of debt or issuance of equity securities will have on us. Any future incurrence of debt or issuance of equity securities could adversely affect the value of our common stock.

 Our ability to use our net operating loss carryforwards and certain other tax attributes may be limited.

 We have incurred substantial NOLs during our history. Under the rules of Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), if a corporation undergoes an "ownership change," generally defined as a greater than 50 percentage point change (by value) in its equity ownership over a rolling three-year period, the corporation's ability to use its pre-change NOLs and other pre-change tax attributes to offset its post-change taxable income or taxes may be limited. The applicable rules generally operate by focusing on changes in ownership among stockholders considered by the rules as owning, directly or indirectly, 5% or more of the stock of a corporation, as well as changes in ownership arising from new issuances of stock by the corporation. Section 382 of the Code may further limit our ability to utilize our pre-change NOLs or other pre-change tax attributes if we undergo a future ownership change. We have experienced ownership changes in the past and could experience one or more ownership changes in the future, some of which changes may be outside our control. As a result, if we earn net taxable income, our ability to use our pre-change NOL carryforwards to offset post-change taxable income may be subject to limitations. In addition, a portion of our NOLs generated in prior periods, if not utilized, will begin to expire in 2034 and 2024 for federal and state purposes, respectively. The remainder of our federal NOL carryforwards, which do not expire and will carry forward indefinitely until utilized, are limited to offset 80% of our taxable income in such taxable year. The remainder of our indefinite state NOLs are subject to varying limitations determined by the respective states. For these reasons, we may not be able to utilize a material portion of our NOLs and other tax attributes, which could adversely affect our future cash flows.

 Unanticipated changes in tax laws or regulations could have an adverse effect on our business and result of operations.

 We are subject to federal, state, and local income taxes. Our future effective tax rate could be affected by changes in the valuation of our deferred tax assets and liabilities, certain non-deductible expenses related to acquisitions, and changes in federal, state, or local tax laws or their interpretation. If such changes take place, there is a risk that our effective tax rate may be favorably or unfavorably affected, impacting our result of operations. Additionally, an increasing number of states have adopted laws or administrative practices that impose new taxes on all or a portion of gross revenue or impose additional tax collection obligations on out-of-state companies. Each jurisdiction has different rules and regulations governing sales and use, consumption, and similar taxes. These rules are subject to varying interpretation and could be changed, modified, or applied adversely to us as a result of factors outside of our control. One or more states where we do not collect taxes may successfully assert that such taxes are applicable, which could result in material tax assessments, including for past sales, as well as penalties and interest.

 The terms of our Amended Credit Agreement require us to meet certain operating and financial covenants and place restrictions on our operating and financial flexibility. If we raise additional capital through debt financing, the terms of any new debt could further restrict our ability to operate our business.

 On June 27, 2023, the Company entered into a First Amendment (the "First Amendment") to the Company's Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of April 29, 2022 (as amended by the First Amendment, the "Amended Credit Agreement"), with Silicon Valley Bank ("SVB"), Comerica Bank, and Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce. The First Amendment, among other things, extended the maturity date of the Amended Credit Agreement to April 29, 2026. Our payment obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement reduce cash available to fund working capital, capital expenditures, research and development and other corporate purposes, and limit our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, expansion plans and other investments, which may in turn limit our ability to implement our business strategy, heighten our vulnerability to downturns in our business, the industry, or in the general economy, limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry and prevent us from taking advantage of business opportunities as they arise. In addition, indebtedness under the Amended Credit Agreement bears interest at a variable rate, making us vulnerable to increases in market interest rates. If market rates continue to increase, we will have to pay additional interest on this indebtedness, which would further reduce cash available for our other business needs.

 We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future financing will be available to us in amounts sufficient to enable us to make required and timely payments on our indebtedness, or to fund our operations.

 In addition, our obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement are guaranteed by our subsidiaries and secured by all or substantially all of our assets and our subsidiaries' assets. The security interest granted over our assets could limit our ability to obtain additional debt financing. Our Amended Credit Agreement also contains, and any future indebtedness of ours would likely contain, a number of restrictive covenants that impose significant operating and financial restrictions on us, subject to customary exceptions, including restricting our ability to:

 • incur, assume or prepay debt or incur or assume liens;
 • pay dividends or distributions or redeem or repurchase capital stock;
 • dispose of certain property;
 • enter into sale leaseback transactions;
 • enter into a new line of business;
 • make certain investments, capital expenditures above a certain amount in any fiscal year or acquisitions;
 • complete a significant corporate transaction, such as a merger or sale of our company or its assets; and
 • enter into agreements that prohibit the incurrence of liens or the payment by our subsidiary of dividends and distributions.

 In addition, the Amended Credit Agreement includes a number of financial covenants relating to minimum recurring revenues and liquidity levels. Our failure to comply with these restrictions and the other terms and conditions under our Amended Credit Agreement could result in an event of default, which would allow lenders to elect to accelerate our outstanding indebtedness under our Amended Credit Agreement and exercise other remedies as set forth therein. If that were to happen, we may not be able to repay all of the amounts that would become due under our indebtedness or refinance our debt, which could materially harm our business and force us to seek bankruptcy protection.

 Any future indebtedness, combined with our other financial obligations, could increase our vulnerability to adverse changes in general economic, industry and market conditions, limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry and impose a competitive disadvantage compared to our competitors that have less debt or better debt servicing options.

 Risks Related to Being a Newly Public Company

 We are an "emerging growth company," and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our common stock less attractive to investors.

 We are an "emerging growth company" as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (the "JOBS Act"). Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have elected to use this extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until the earlier of the date we (i) are no longer an emerging growth company or (ii) affirmatively and irrevocably opt out of the extended transition period provided in the JOBS Act. As a result, our consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates.

 For as long as we continue to be an emerging growth company, we also intend to take advantage of certain other exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies, including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, as amended (the "Sarbanes-Oxley Act"), reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and stockholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. We cannot predict if investors will find our common stock less attractive because we will rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our common stock less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our common stock, and our stock price may be more volatile.

 We will remain an emerging growth company until the earliest of (i) the last day of the year in which we have total annual gross revenues of $1.235 billion or more; (ii) December 31, 2026; (iii) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the previous three years; or (iv) the date on which we are deemed to be a large accelerated filer under the rules of the SEC.

 Risks Related to Ownership of Our Common Stock

 Substantial future sales of shares of our common stock could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.

 Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock, particularly sales by our directors, executive officers and significant stockholders, or the perception that these sales might occur, could depress the market price of our common stock and impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. We are unable to predict the effect that such sales may have on the prevailing market price of our common stock.

 We are currently restricted in our ability, and for the foreseeable future do not intend, to pay dividends on our common stock and, consequently, your ability to achieve a return on your investment will depend on appreciation in the price of our common stock.

 We currently intend to retain all available funds and any future earnings for use in the operation of our business and do not anticipate paying any dividends on our capital stock in the foreseeable future. Any determination to pay dividends in the future will be at the discretion of our board of directors, is currently restricted by our Amended Credit Agreement and may be restricted by the terms of any future indebtedness we may incur. Consequently, your only opportunity to achieve a return on your investment in our company will be if the market price of our common stock appreciates and you sell your shares at a profit.

 The principal stockholders of Alkami will continue to have significant influence over the election of the board of directors and approval of any significant corporate actions.

 Our directors, officers and other principal stockholders, in the aggregate, beneficially owned approximately 56% of the outstanding shares of Alkami as of December 31, 2023. These stockholders currently have, and likely will continue to have, significant influence with respect to the election of our board of directors and approval or disapproval of all significant corporate actions. The concentrated voting power of these stockholders could have the effect of delaying or preventing a significant corporate transaction, including an acquisition, divestiture, or merger. This influence over our affairs could, under some circumstances, be adverse to the interests of the other stockholders.

 Anti-takeover provisions contained in our charter documents and Delaware law could prevent a takeover that stockholders consider favorable and could also reduce the market price of our stock.

 Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws contain provisions that could delay or prevent a change in control of our company. These provisions could also make it more difficult for stockholders to elect directors and take other corporate actions. These provisions include:

 • a classified board of directors with three-year staggered terms, which may delay the ability of stockholders to change the membership of a majority of our board of directors;
 • no cumulative voting in the election of directors, which limits the ability of minority stockholders to elect director candidates;
 • the exclusive right of our board of directors to elect a director to fill a vacancy created by the expansion of the board of directors or the resignation, death or removal of a director, which prevents stockholders from being able to fill vacancies on our board of directors;
 • the ability of our board of directors to authorize the issuance of shares of preferred stock and to determine the price and other terms of those shares, including preferences and voting rights, without stockholder approval, which could be used to significantly dilute the ownership of a hostile acquiror;
 • the ability of our board of directors to alter our amended and restated bylaws without obtaining stockholder approval;
 • the required approval of at least 66 2/3% of the shares entitled to vote at an election of directors to adopt, amend or repeal our amended and restated bylaws or to repeal certain provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, including anti-takeover provisions related to our classified board of directors, voting in the election of directors, rights to fill board vacancies, the ability of our board of directors to alter our amended and restated bylaws without stockholder approval, the inability of stockholders to force consideration of a proposal or to take action, including the removal of directors;
 • a prohibition on stockholder action by written consent, which forces stockholder action to be taken at an annual or special meeting of our stockholders;
 • the requirement that a special meeting of stockholders may be called only by our board of directors, which may delay the ability of our stockholders to force consideration of a proposal or to take action, including the removal of directors; and
 • advance notice procedures that stockholders must comply with in order to nominate candidates to our board of directors or to propose matters to be acted upon at a stockholders' meeting, which may discourage or deter a potential acquiror from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect the acquiror's own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of us.

 These and other provisions in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws and under Delaware law could discourage potential takeover attempts, reduce the price investors might be willing to pay in the future for shares of our common stock and result in the market price of our common stock being lower than it would be without these provisions.

 Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws provide for an exclusive forum in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware for certain disputes between us and our stockholders, and that the federal district courts of the United States of America will be the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action under the Securities Act.

 Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws provide that: (i) unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (or, if such court does not have subject matter jurisdiction thereof, the federal district court of the State of Delaware) will, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for: (A) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Company, (B) any action asserting a claim for or based on a breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any of our current or former director, officer, other employee, agent or stockholder to the Company or our stockholders, including, without limitation, a claim alleging the aiding and abetting of such a breach of fiduciary duty, (C) any action asserting a claim against the Company or any of our current or former directors, officers, other employees, agents or stockholders arising pursuant to any provision of the Delaware General Corporation Law or our certificate of incorporation or bylaws or as to which the Delaware General Corporation Law confers jurisdiction on the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware, or (D) any action asserting a claim related to or involving the Company that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine; (ii) unless we consent in writing to the selection of an alternative forum, the federal district courts of the United States of America will, to the fullest extent permitted by law, be the sole and exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; (iii) the exclusive forum provisions are intended to benefit and may be enforced by the Company, our officers and directors, the underwriters to any offering giving rise to such complaint, and any other professional or entity whose profession gives authority to a statement made by that person or entity and who has prepared or certified any part of the documents underlying the offering; (iv) any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring or holding any interest in shares of capital stock of the Company will be deemed to have notice of and consented to these provisions; and (v) failure to enforce the foregoing provisions would cause us irreparable harm, and we will be entitled to equitable relief, including injunctive relief and specific performance, to enforce the foregoing provisions. Nothing in our current certificate of incorporation or bylaws or our restated certificate of incorporation or amended and restated bylaws precludes stockholders that assert claims under the Exchange Act from bringing such claims in federal court, to the extent that the Exchange Act confers exclusive federal jurisdiction over such claims, subject to applicable law.

 Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.

 Not applicable.

 Item 1C. Cybersecurity.

 Cybersecurity Risk Management and Strategy

 We have developed and implemented a cybersecurity risk management program intended to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our critical systems and information. Our cybersecurity risk management program is based on principles set forth in the Secure Controls Framework (SCF). This does not imply that we meet any particular technical standards, specifications, or requirements, only that we use the SCF as a guide to help us identify, assess, and manage cybersecurity risks relevant to our business.

 Key elements of our cybersecurity risk management program include:

 • a security team principally responsible for managing our security controls and our response to cybersecurity incidents;

 • a compliance team principally responsible for managing our risk assessments, which are designed to help identify material cybersecurity risks to our critical systems and information;

 • the use of external service providers, where appropriate, to assess, test or otherwise assist with aspects of our security controls;

 • cybersecurity awareness training for our employees, incident response personnel, and senior management;

 • a cybersecurity incident response plan that includes procedures for responding to cybersecurity incidents; and

 • a third-party risk management process for partners and vendors.

 Our cybersecurity risk management program is a key component of our overall process concerning assessment and management of enterprise risk. Risks relating to cybersecurity, data privacy and other information technology risks are overseen by the Information Systems Audit Committee of the Board (the "IS Audit Committee"), and the assessment and management of other enterprise-level risks are overseen by the Audit Committee of the Board.

 We face certain continuing and ongoing material risks from cybersecurity threats, which the SEC defines as any potential unauthorized occurrence on or conducted through our information systems that may result in adverse effects on the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of our information systems or any information residing therein. See "Risk Factors—Risks Relating to Cybersecurity or Data Privacy—A breach or other compromise of our security measures or those of third parties we rely on could result in unauthorized access to personal information about our clients' customers and other individuals and other data, or disruptions to our systems or operations, which could materially and adversely impact our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations." Otherwise, however, we have not identified risks from known cybersecurity threats, including as a result of any prior cybersecurity incidents, that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect us, including our operations, business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition.

 Cybersecurity Governance

 Our board of directors considers cybersecurity risk as part of its risk oversight function and has delegated to the IS Audit Committee oversight of cybersecurity, data privacy and other information technology risks. The IS Audit Committee oversees management's implementation of our cybersecurity risk management program.

 The IS Audit Committee receives quarterly reports from management on our cybersecurity risks. In addition, management updates the IS Audit Committee, as necessary, regarding significant cybersecurity incidents.

 The IS Audit Committee reports to the full board of directors regarding its activities, including those related to cybersecurity. Our board of directors also receives briefings from our Chief Information Security Officer ("CISO") and Chief Compliance Officer ("CCO") on our cybersecurity risk management program. Directors receive presentations on cybersecurity topics from our CISO as part of the board of directors' continuing education.

 Our management team, including our CISO and CCO, is responsible for assessing and managing our material risks from cybersecurity threats. The team has primary responsibility for our overall cybersecurity risk management program and supervises both our internal cybersecurity personnel and our retained external cybersecurity consultants. Our CISO's experience includes over 25 years of helping to build global cybersecurity programs in companies ranging from Fortune 50 to early stage entities. Our CCO, who is responsible for our technology risk management program, has over 25 years of experience building and leading risk management and compliance programs in large institutions across multiple geographies.

 Our management team, led by our CISO and CCO, stays informed about and monitors efforts to prevent, detect, mitigate, and remediate cybersecurity risks and incidents through various means, which may include briefings from internal security personnel, threat intelligence and external consultants engaged by us, and alerts and reports produced by security tools deployed in the information technology environment.

 Item 2. Properties.

 Our principal executive offices are located in Plano, Texas. On September 5, 2023, the Company entered into a Sixth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Office Lease, which, among other things, reduces the leased space in Plano, Texas from approximately 125,468 square feet to 83,939 square feet, effective December 31, 2023, and also extends the term for the remaining reduced leased space to August 31, 2033. We believe our current facilities will be adequate for our needs for the current term.

 Item 3. Legal Proceedings.

 From time to time, we may become involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business. Our management believes that there are no claims or actions pending against us, the ultimate disposition of which would have a material impact on our business, financial

 condition, results of operations or cash flows.

 Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

 Not applicable.

 Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.

 Market Information and Holders

 Our common stock has been listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol "ALKT" since April 15, 2021. Prior to that date, there was no public trading market for our common stock. Our initial public offering ("IPO") was priced at $30.00 per share on April 15, 2021.

 As of December 31, 2023, we had 19 holders of record of our common stock. The actual number of stockholders is greater than this number of record holders, and includes stockholders who are beneficial owners, but whose shares are held in street name by brokers and other nominees. This number of holders of record also does not include stockholders whose shares may be held in trust by other entities.

 Dividend Policy

 We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock. Any future determination to declare cash dividends on our common stock will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, general business conditions and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant. We do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our common stock for the foreseeable future.

 Use of Proceeds from Registered Securities

 On April 15, 2021, we completed our IPO, in which we issued and sold 6,900,000 shares of our common stock, including 900,000 shares of common stock that were sold pursuant to the exercise in full of the underwriters' option to purchase additional shares of common stock at $30.00 per share. Our IPO resulted in net proceeds of $192.8 million after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and other offering costs. With the proceeds from our IPO, the Company paid in full accumulated dividends on our previously outstanding shares of Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock, which totaled approximately $5.0 million. There have been no material changes in the planned use of proceeds from our April 2021 common stock offering from that described in the final prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) on April 15, 2021.

 Performance Graph

 This performance graph shall not be deemed "filed" for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or incorporated by reference into any Company filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.

 The graph set forth below compares the cumulative total stockholder return on our common stock between April 14, 2021 (the date of our IPO) and December 31, 2023, with the cumulative total return of the S&P 1500 Application Software Index and the Russell 2000 Index. This graph assumes the investment of $100 at the closing stock price on April 14, 2021 in our common stock and the S&P 1500 Application Software Index and Russell 2000 Index, and assumes the reinvestment of dividends, if any. Note that historic stock price performance is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.

 Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 We did not repurchase any of our equity securities during the three months ended December 31, 2023.

 Item 6. [Reserved]

 Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

 The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates, and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Refer to "Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 Unless the context otherwise requires, all references in this report to the "Company," "Alkami," "we," "us" and "our" refer to Alkami Technology, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its consolidated subsidiaries taken as a whole.

 A discussion regarding our financial condition and results of operation for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, is presented below. A discussion regarding our financial condition and results of operations for fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021, can be found under Item 7 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022, filed with the SEC on February 24, 2023.

 Overview

 Alkami is a cloud-based digital banking solutions provider. We inspire and empower community, regional and super-regional financial institutions ("FIs") to compete with large, technologically advanced, and well-resourced banks in the United States. Our solution, the Alkami Digital Banking Platform, allows FIs to onboard and engage new users, accelerate revenues, and meaningfully improve operational efficiency, all with the support of a proprietary, true cloud-based, multi-tenant architecture. We cultivate deep relationships with our clients through long-term, subscription-based contractual arrangements, aligning our growth with our clients' success and generating an attractive unit economic model.

 Alkami was founded to help level the playing field for FIs. Since then, our vision has been to create a platform that combines premium technology and fintech solutions in one integrated ecosystem, delivered as a software-as-a-service ("SaaS") solution and providing our clients' customers with a single point of access to all things digital. We have invested significant resources to build a technology stack that prioritized innovation velocity and speed-to-market given the importance of product depth and functionality in winning and retaining clients. In fiscal 2020, we acquired ACH Alert, LLC ("ACH Alert") to pursue adjacent product opportunities, such as fraud prevention and to expand our addressable market. In addition, in September 2021, we acquired MK Decisioning Systems, LLC ("MK"), a technology platform for digital account opening, credit card and loan origination solutions. In April 2022, we acquired Segmint, a leading cloud-based financial data analytics and transaction data cleansing provider.

 Our domain expertise in retail and business banking has enabled us to develop a suite of products tailored to address key challenges faced by FIs. Due to our architecture, adding products through our single code base is fast, simple, and cost-effective. The key differentiators of the Alkami Digital Banking Platform include:

 • User experience: Personalized and seamless digital experience across user interaction points, including desktop, mobile, chat and SMS, establishing durable connections between FIs and their customers.

 • Integrations: Scalability and extensibility driven by more than 300 real-time integrations to back-office systems and third-party fintech solutions as of December 31, 2023, including core systems, payment cards, mortgages, bill pay, electronic documents, money movement, personal financial management and account opening.

 • Deep data capabilities: Data synchronized and stored from back-office systems and third-party fintech solutions and synthesized into meaningful insights, targeted content, and other areas of monetization.

 The Alkami Digital Banking Platform offers an end-to-end set of software products. Our typical relationship with an FI begins with a set of core functional components, which can extend over time to include a rounded suite of products across account opening and loan origination, card experience, client service, extensibility, financial wellness, security and fraud protection, marketing and analytics and money movement.

 We primarily go to market through an internal sales force. Given the long-term nature of our Alkami Digital Banking Platform contracts, a typical sales cycle can range from approximately three to 12 months, with the subsequent implementation timeframe generally ranging from six to 12 months depending on the depth of integration.

 We derive our Alkami Digital Banking Platform revenues almost entirely from multi-year contracts that are based on an average contract life of approximately 70 months as of December 31, 2023. We predominantly employ a per-registered-user pricing model, with incremental fees above certain contractual client minimum commitments for each licensed solution. Our pricing is tiered, with per-registered-user discounts applied as clients achieve higher levels of customer penetration, incentivizing our clients to internally market and promote digital engagement.

 To support our growth and capitalize on our market opportunity, we have increased our operating expenses across all aspects of our business. In research and development, we continue to focus on innovation and bringing novel capabilities to our platform, extending our product depth. Similarly, we continue to expand our sales and marketing organization focusing on new client wins, cross-selling opportunities, and client renewals.

 For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, our total revenues were $264.8 million, $204.3 million, and $152.2 million, respectively, representing a growth rate of 29.6% from 2022 to 2023 and 34.2% from 2021 to 2022. SaaS subscription revenues, as further described below, represented 95.3%, 95.2%, and 94.4% of total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. We incurred

 net losses of $62.9 million, $58.6 million, and $46.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, largely due to significant continued investment in sales, marketing, product development and post-sales client activities.

 Recent Developments

 Banking and Regulatory Environment Developments. On March 10, 2023, SVB was closed by the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation, and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") was appointed as receiver. On March 26, 2023, the FDIC announced that First-Citizens Bank & Trust Company would assume all SVB's deposits and loans as of March 27, 2023. Additionally, our overall liquidity and financing has not been impacted. During the periods presented, we did not experience any losses on our deposits of cash, cash equivalents or marketable securities.

 Amendment to Office Lease. On September 5, 2023, the Company entered into a Sixth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Office Lease, which, among other things, reduces the leased space in Plano, Texas from approximately 125,468 square feet to 83,939 square feet, effective December 31, 2023, and also extends the term for the remaining reduced leased space to August 31, 2033.

 Factors Affecting our Operating Results

 Growing our FI Client Base. A key part of our strategy is to grow our FI client base. As of December 31, 2023, we served 236 FIs through the Alkami Digital Banking Platform and over 650 clients when including unique clients only subscribing to one or a combination of ACH Alert, MK or Segmint products. Each of our digital banking client wins is a competitive takeaway, and as such, our historical ability to grow our client base has been a function of product depth, technological excellence and a sales and marketing function able to match our solutions with the strategic objectives of our clients. Our future success will significantly depend on our ability to continue to grow our FI client base through competitive wins.

 Deepening Client Customer Penetration. We primarily generate revenues through a per-registered-user pricing model. Once we onboard a client, our ability to help drive incremental client customer digital adoption translates to additional revenues with very limited additional spend. Our FI clients are incentivized to market and encourage digital account sign-up based on identifiable improvement in customer engagement as well as discounts received based on certain levels of customer penetration. We expect to continue to support digital adoption by client customers through continued investments in new products and platform enhancements. Our future success will depend on our ability to continue to deepen client customer penetration.

 Expanding our Product Suite. Product depth is a key determinant in winning new clients. In a replacement market, we win based on our ability to bring a product suite to market that is superior to the incumbent, as well as to our broader competition. Of equal importance is the ability to cohesively deliver a deep product suite with as little friction as possible to the client customer. The depth of our product suite is a function of technology and platform partnerships. Our platform model with 300 integrations as of December 31, 2023 enables us to deliver thousands of configurations aligned with the digital platform strategies adopted by our clients. We expect our future success in winning new clients to be partially driven by our ability to continue to develop and deliver new, innovative products to FI clients in a timely manner. Furthermore, expanding our product suite expands our Revenue per Registered User ("RPU") potential. For additional information regarding RPU, see "Key Business Metrics."

 Client Renewals. Our model and the stability of our revenue base is, in part, driven by our ability to renew our clients. In addition to extending existing relationships, renewals provide an opportunity to grow minimum contract value, as over the course of a contract term our clients often grow, or their needs evolve. Client renewals are also an important lever in driving our long-term gross margin targets, as we generally achieve approximately 70% gross margin upon renewal. We had 31 client renewals in the year ended December 31, 2023. We expect client renewals to continue to play a key role in our future success.

 Continued Leadership in Innovation. Our ability to maintain a differentiated platform and offering is dependent upon our pace of innovation. Our single code base, built on a multi-tenant infrastructure and combined with continuous software delivery enables us to bring new, innovative products to market quickly and positions us with what we believe is market-leading breadth in terms of product offerings and feature sets. We remain committed to investing in our platform, notably through our research and development spend, which was 32.0% of our revenues for the year ended December 31, 2023. Our future success will depend on our continued leadership in innovation.

 Components of Results of Operations

 Our client relationships are predominantly based on multi-year contracts for the Alkami Digital Banking Platform that have had an average contract life of approximately 70 months as of December 31, 2023. We derive the majority of our revenues from SaaS subscription services charged for the use of our digital banking solution. For each client, we invoice monthly a contractual minimum fee for each licensed solution. In addition, we invoice monthly an additional subscription fee for the number of registered users using each solution and the number of bill-pay and certain other transactions those registered users conduct through our digital banking platform in excess of their contractual client minimum commitments. Our pricing is tiered, with per-registered-user discounts applied as clients achieve higher levels of customer penetration, incentivizing our clients to internally market our products and promote digital engagement. Variable consideration earned for subscription fees in excess of contractual minimums is recognized as revenues in the month of actual usage. SaaS subscription services also include annual and monthly charges for maintenance and support services which are recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract term.

 We receive implementation and other upfront fees for the implementation, configuration and integration of our digital banking platform. We typically invoice these services as a fixed price per contract. These fees are not distinct from the underlying licensed SaaS subscription services.

 As a result, we recognize the resulting revenues on a straight-line basis over the client's initial agreement term for our licensed SaaS solutions, commencing upon launch.

 Occasionally, our clients request custom development and other professional services, which we provide. These are generally one-time requests and involve unique, non-standard features, functions or integrations that are intended to enhance or modify their licensed SaaS solutions. We recognize revenues at the point in time the services are transferred to the client.

 The following disaggregates our revenues for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 by major source:

 2023
 2022
 2021

 SaaS subscription services
 $
 252,348
 $
 194,387
 $
 143,575

 Implementation services
 8,488
 6,941
 6,291

 Other services
 3,995
 2,942
 2,293

 Total revenues
 $
 $
 $
 152,159

 See Note 5 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional detail.

 Cost of Revenues and Gross Margin

 Cost of revenues is comprised primarily of salaries and other personnel-related costs, including employee benefits, bonuses, stock-based compensation, travel, and related costs for employees supporting our SaaS subscription, implementation and other services. This includes the costs of our implementation, client support, and development personnel responsible for maintaining and releasing updates to our platform, as well as third-party cloud-based hosting services. Cost of revenues also includes the direct costs of bill-pay services and other third-party intellectual property included in our solutions, the amortization of acquired technology and depreciation.

 We capitalize certain personnel costs directly related to the implementation of our solutions to the extent those costs are recoverable from future revenues. We amortize the costs for an implementation once revenue recognition commences. The amortization period is typically five to seven years, which represents the expected period of client benefit. Other costs not directly recoverable from future revenues are expensed in the period incurred.

 We intend to continue to increase our investments in our implementation, client support teams and technology infrastructure to serve our clients and support our growth. We expect cost of revenues to continue to grow in absolute dollars as we grow our business, but to vary as a percentage of revenues from period to period as a function of the utilization of implementation and support personnel and the extent to which we recognize fees from bill-pay services and other third-party functionality integrated into our solutions. Our gross margin for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 was 54.4%, 53.0%, and 55.1%, respectively.

 The major components of cost of revenues represented the following percentages of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2023: third-party hosting services (7.5%), the direct costs of bill-pay and other third-party intellectual property included in our solutions (17.4%), our implementation and client support teams (12.7%), our development team responsible for maintaining and releasing updates to our platform (3.3%), stock-based compensation (2.1%), amortization (2.5%), and depreciation (0.1%). The major components of cost of revenues represented the following percentages of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2022: third-party hosting services (7.8%), the direct costs of bill-pay and other third-party intellectual property included in our solutions (16.3%), our implementation and client support teams (14.8%), our development team responsible for maintaining and releasing updates to our platform (3.6%), stock-based compensation (2.1%), amortization (2.2%), and depreciation (0.1%).

 Operating Expenses

 Research and Development. Research and development costs consist primarily of personnel-related costs for our engineering, information technology and product employees, including salaries, bonuses, other incentive-related compensation, employee benefits and stock-based compensation. In addition, we also include third-party contractor expenses, software development and testing tools, allocated corporate expenses, and other expenses related to developing new solutions and upgrading and enhancing existing solutions. We expect research and development costs to increase as we expand our platform with new features and functionality as well as enhance the existing Alkami Digital Banking Platform.

 Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of personnel-related costs of our sales, marketing, and our client success employees, including salaries, bonuses, commissions, other incentive-related compensation, employee benefits and stock-based compensation. Sales and marketing expenses also include travel and related costs, outside consulting fees and marketing programs, including lead generation, costs of our annual client conference, advertising, trade shows and other event expenses. We expect sales and marketing expenses will continue to increase as we expand our direct sales teams to pursue our market opportunity.

 General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel-related costs for our executive, finance, legal, human resources, information technology, security and compliance and other administrative employees, including salaries, bonuses, commissions, other incentive-related compensation, employee benefits and stock-based compensation. General and administrative expenses also include accounting, auditing and legal professional services fees, travel and other unallocated corporate-related expenses such as the cost of our facilities, employee relations, corporate telecommunication and software. We expect that general and administrative expenses will continue to increase as we scale our business and as we incur costs associated with being a publicly traded company, including legal, audit, business insurance and consulting fees.

 Acquisition-Related Expenses, net. Acquisition-related expenses, net, include the accrual of deferred compensation due to the former owner of ACH Alert, in addition to acquisition-related expenses associated with the acquisitions of MK and Segmint, primarily related to legal, consulting, and professional fees. In addition, these expenses are inclusive of any gain or loss on revaluation of contingent consideration.

 Amortization of Acquired Intangibles. Amortization of acquired intangibles represents the amortization of intangible assets recorded in connection with our business acquisitions, which are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the related assets.

 Non-operating Income (Expense)

 Non-operating income (expense) consists primarily of interest income from our cash balances, interest expense from borrowings under our revolving line of credit, amortization of deferred debt costs, unrealized gains or losses on marketable securities, realized gains on sales of marketable securities, and changes in fair value of warrants and tranche rights.

 Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes

 Our effective tax rate differs from the statutory tax rate primarily due to the impact of the valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets. As a result of our valuation allowance, provision (benefit) for income taxes consists primarily of state income taxes and deferred taxes related to the tax amortization of acquired goodwill.

 Results of Operations

 The results of operations presented below should be reviewed in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes included elsewhere in this filing. The following table presents our selected consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021.

 ($ in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
 2023
 2022
 2021

 $
 $
 $
 152,159

 Cost of revenues(1)

 120,720
 95,946
 68,352

 Gross profit
 144,111
 108,324
 83,807

 Operating expenses(1):

 84,661
 69,329
 48,800

 48,557
 36,811
 24,174

 72,900
 71,247
 50,398

 Acquisition-related expenses, net
 (12,529)
 2,983

 Amortization of acquired intangibles
 1,435
 1,155

 Total operating expenses
 207,816
 166,013
 126,723

 Loss from operations

 (63,705)
 (57,689)
 (42,916)

 Non-operating income (expense):

 Interest income
 8,095
 2,696

 Interest expense
 (7,384)
 (3,850)
 (1,186)

 Gain (loss) on financial instruments
 (200)
 (3,035)

 Loss on extinguishment of debt
 (409)
 (18)
 —

 Loss before income taxes

 (62,869)
 (59,061)
 (46,650)

 Provision (benefit) for income taxes
 (461)

 $
 (62,913)
 $
 (58,600)
 $
 (46,822)

 (1) Includes stock-based compensation expenses as follows:

 2023
 2022
 2021

 Cost of revenues
 $
 5,584
 $
 4,389
 $
 1,973

 15,995
 11,398
 2,915

 7,220
 4,042
 1,028

 22,432
 24,763
 8,619

 Total stock-based compensation expenses
 $
 51,231
 $
 44,592
 $

 The following table presents our reconciliation of GAAP net loss to adjusted EBITDA for the periods indicated.

 2023
 2022
 2021

 $
 (62,913)
 $
 (58,600)
 $
 (46,822)

 Provision (benefit) for income taxes
 (461)

 (Gain) loss on financial instruments
 (534)
 3,035

 Interest (income) expense, net
 (711)
 1,154

 Depreciation and amortization
 10,631
 8,075
 3,443

 Stock-based compensation expense
 51,231
 44,592

 Acquisition-related expenses, net(1)

 (12,529)
 2,983

 Loss on extinguishment of debt
 —

 Adjusted EBITDA (2)

 $
 (1,580)
 $
 (17,551)
 $
 (21,955)

 (1) Acquisition-related expenses, net, for the year ended December 31, 2023 includes expenses associated with the acquisition of Segmint, primarily related to legal, consulting, and professional fees. Acquisition-related expenses, net, for the year ended December 31, 2022 include the accrual of deferred compensation due to the former owner of the acquired business, ACH Alert, in addition to acquisition related-expenses associated with the acquisition of MK and Segmint, primarily related to legal, consulting, and professional fees. These expenses are offset by the $15.5 million gain from contingent consideration related to the purchase of MK.

 (2) Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure and should not be considered an alternative to GAAP net loss as a measure of operating performance or as a measure of liquidity. For additional information regarding adjusted EBITDA, see "Key Business Metrics."

 Key Business Metrics

 Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure and should not be considered an alternative to GAAP net loss as a measure of operating performance or as a measure of liquidity. We define adjusted EBITDA as net loss before provision (benefit) for income taxes; (gain) loss on financial instruments; interest (income) expense, net; depreciation and amortization; stock-based compensation expense; acquisition-related expenses, net; and loss on extinguishment of debt. We believe adjusted EBITDA provides investors and other users of our financial information consistency and comparability with our past financial performance and facilitates period-to-period comparisons of operations. Adjusted EBITDA was $(1.6) million, $(17.6) million, and $(22.0) million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.

 Annual Recurring Revenue (ARR). We calculate ARR by aggregating annualized recurring revenue related to SaaS subscription services recognized in the last month of the reporting period as well as the next 12 months of expected implementation services revenues in the last month of the reporting period. We believe ARR provides important information about our future revenue potential, our ability to acquire new clients, and our ability to maintain and expand our relationship with existing clients. ARR was $291.0 million, $226.1 million, and $169.0 million as of December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, representing an increase of $64.9 million, or 28.7%, from 2022 to 2023 and an increase of $57.1 million, or 33.8%, from 2021 to 2022.

 Registered Users. We define a registered user as an individual or business related to an account holder of an FI client on our digital banking platform who has registered to use one or more of our solutions and has current access to use those solutions as of the last day of the reporting period presented. We price our digital banking platform based on the number of registered users, so as the number of registered users of our digital banking platform increases, our ARR grows. We believe growth in the number of registered users provides important information about our ability to expand market adoption of our digital banking platform and its associated software products, and therefore to grow revenues over time. We had 17.5 million, 14.5 million, and 12.4 million registered users as of December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, representing an increase of 3.0 million registered users, or 20.4%, from 2022 to 2023 and an increase of 2.2 million registered users, or 17.7%, from 2021 to 2022.

 Revenue per Registered User (RPU). We calculate RPU by dividing ARR as of the last day of the reporting period by the number of registered users as of the last day of the reporting period. We believe RPU provides important information about our ability to grow the number of software products adopted by new clients over time, as well as our ability to expand the number of software products that our existing clients add to their contracts with us over time. RPU was $16.63, $15.55, and $13.68 as of December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, representing an increase of $1.08, or 6.9%, from 2022 to 2023 and an increase of $1.87, or 13.7%, from 2021 to 2022.

 Comparison of the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022

 Change

 2023
 2022
 $
 %

 $
 $
 $
 60,561
 29.6
 %

 2023
 2022

 Annual Recurring Revenue (ARR)
 $
 291,049
 $
 226,096

 Registered Users
 17,502
 14,536

 Revenue per Registered User (RPU)
 $
 16.63
 $
 15.55

 Revenues increased $60.6 million, or 29.6%, for 2023 compared to 2022. The increase in revenues was primarily due to registered user growth of 3.0 million, comprised of 1.5 million in registered user growth from existing clients and 1.5 million in registered users from new clients implemented through our digital banking platform (contractual minimums). In addition, increased revenues were due to RPU growth of 6.9%. RPU growth was primarily driven by cross-sell activity to existing clients, higher average RPU of new clients implemented in 2023 on our digital banking platform compared to aggregate RPU and the subscription revenue contribution from the Segmint acquisition of $6.2 million. The average RPU of users from new clients implemented on our digital platform in the last year of $17.94 as of December 31, 2023, is 8.0% higher than the aggregate RPU as of December 31, 2023.

 Cost of Revenues and Gross Margin

 Change

 2023
 2022
 $
 %

 Cost of revenues
 $
 120,720
 $
 95,946
 $
 24,774
 25.8
 %

 Percentage of revenues
 45.6
 %
 47.0
 %
 (1.4)
 %
 (3.0)
 %

 Cost of Revenues

 Cost of revenues increased $24.8 million, or 25.8%, for 2023 compared to 2022, generating a gross margin of 54.4% for 2023 compared to a gross margin of 53.0% for 2022. The increase in cost of revenues was primarily driven by a $5.7 million increase in personnel-related costs (which includes stock-based compensation of $1.1 million) resulting from headcount increases supporting our growth in the following teams: client implementation, site reliability engineering and client support, as well as $13.0 million in higher costs of our third-party partners where we resell their solutions as part of the digital platform, $3.9 million in incremental hosting costs incurred from an increase in revenues derived from existing and new client growth, $1.4 million of higher amortization of intangibles, primarily related to the acquisition of Segmint in April 2022, $0.1 million in higher computer hardware and software costs, and higher miscellaneous other costs of $0.7 million.

 Operating Expenses

 Change

 2023
 2022
 $
 %

 $
 84,661
 $
 69,329
 $
 15,332
 22.1
 %

 48,557
 36,811
 11,746
 31.9
 %

 72,900
 71,247
 1,653
 2.3
 %

 Acquisition-related expenses, net
 (12,529)
 12,792
 (102.1)
 %

 Amortization of acquired intangibles
 1,435
 1,155
 24.2
 %

 Total operating expenses
 $
 207,816
 $
 166,013
 $
 41,803
 25.2
 %

 Percentage of revenues
 78.5
 %
 81.3
 %

 Research and Development

 Research and development expenses increased $15.3 million, or 22.1%, for 2023 compared to 2022, primarily due to a $15.7 million increase in personnel-related costs (which includes stock-based compensation of $4.6 million) resulting from headcount growth, $1.7 million in higher hosting costs, and higher miscellaneous other costs of $0.2 million. These expenses were partially offset by an increase of $1.8 million in capitalized development costs and a decrease of $0.5 million in consulting costs.

 Sales and Marketing

 Sales and marketing expenses increased $11.7 million, or 31.9%, for 2023 compared to 2022. The increase was primarily due to a $9.7 million increase in personnel-related costs (which includes stock-based compensation of $3.2 million) resulting from headcount growth in our sales and marketing teams. In addition, we incurred $0.9 million in higher costs related to industry conferences and trade shows, including enhanced client experiences at our in-person client conference, Co:lab, $0.6 million higher travel costs for the sales team, and higher miscellaneous other costs of $0.5 million.

 General and Administrative

 General and administrative expenses increased $1.7 million, or 2.3%, for 2023 compared to 2022, the increase was primarily due to a $1.9 million increase in personnel-costs (which includes lower stock-based compensation of $2.3 million) resulting from headcount growth, and higher software costs of $1.1 million. These expenses are partially offset by $0.6 million lower insurance costs, a gain on lease modification of $0.4 million, and $0.3 million lower miscellaneous other costs.

 Acquisition-Related Expenses, Net

 Acquisition-related expenses, net increased $12.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to 2022, primarily due to the $15.5 million gain from revaluation of contingent consideration related to the purchase of MK included for the year ended December 31, 2022, partially offset by $3.0 million accrual of deferred compensation due to the former owner of the acquired business, ACH Alert, in addition to acquisition related-expenses associated with the acquisition of MK and Segmint, primarily related to legal, consulting, and professional fees for the year ended December 31, 2022.

 Amortization of Acquired Intangibles

 Amortization of acquired intangibles increased $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to 2022, primarily due to additional amortization of intangible assets related to the acquisitions of Segmint in April 2022.

 Non-Operating Income (Expense)

 Non-operating income increased $2.2 million for 2023 compared to 2022, primarily due to higher net interest income of $1.9 million and an increase in gain on financial instruments of $0.7 million, partially offset by a $0.4 million increase in loss on extinguishment of debt.

 Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes

 The Company recorded a provision for income taxes of less than $0.1 million and a benefit for income taxes of $0.5 million, resulting in an effective tax rate of (0.1)% and 0.8% for 2023 and 2022, respectively.

 As a result of our valuation allowance, provision (benefit) for income taxes consists primarily of current state income taxes and deferred taxes related to the tax amortization of acquired goodwill. This was offset by a $1.8 million of deferred tax expense related to the net operating loss carryforwards subject to Section 382 limitation., recorded in the year ended December 31, 2023.

 The difference in the effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2023 as compared to 2022 is primarily the result of deferred tax expense related to the net operating loss carryforwards subject to Section 382 limitation and the impact of tax expense (benefits) related to stock-based compensation recorded in each of the respective periods.

 Our effective tax rate differs from the statutory tax rate primarily due to the impact of the valuation allowance against the Company's deferred tax assets.

 Liquidity and Capital Resources

 As of December 31, 2023, we had $92.1 million in cash and cash equivalents and marketable securities, and an accumulated deficit of $435.4 million. Our net losses have been driven by our investments in developing our digital banking platform, expanding our sales, marketing and implementation organizations, and scaling our administrative functions to support our rapid growth.

 We have financed our operations primarily through the net proceeds we have received from the sales of our redeemable convertible preferred stock and common stock, cash generated from the sale of SaaS subscription services and borrowings under our Amended Credit Agreement (as defined below).

 On April 15, 2021, we completed our IPO, in which we issued and sold 6,900,000 shares of our common stock, including 900,000 shares of common stock that were sold pursuant to the exercise in full of the underwriters' option to purchase additional shares of common stock at $30.00 per share. Our IPO resulted in net proceeds of $192.8 million after deducting underwriting discounts, commissions and other offering costs. With the proceeds from our IPO, the Company paid in full accumulated dividends on our previously outstanding shares of Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock, which totaled approximately $5.0 million.

 Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including revenue growth and costs incurred to support client usage and growth in our client base, increased research and development expenses to support the growth of our business and related infrastructure, increased general and administrative expenses associated with being a publicly traded company, investments in office facilities and other capital expenditure requirements and any potential future acquisitions or other strategic transactions.

 We believe that our existing cash resources, including our Amended Credit Agreement, will be sufficient to finance our continued operations, growth strategy, planned capital expenditures and the additional expenses we expect to incur as a public company for the short term (at least the next 12 months) and longer term (beyond the next 12 months). We may, from time to time, seek to raise additional capital to support our growth. Any equity financing we may undertake could be dilutive to our existing stockholders, and any additional debt financing we may undertake could require debt service and financial and operational requirements that could adversely affect our business.

 On March 26, 2023, it was announced that First-Citizens Bank & Trust Company would assume all SVB's deposits and loans as of March 27, 2023. This resulted in no impact to the consolidated financial statements or changes to the terms of the Amended Credit Agreement.

 Cash Flows

 The following table summarizes our cash flows for the periods indicated:

 2023
 2022

 Net cash used in operating activities
 $
 (17,502)
 $
 (38,045)

 Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
 $
 33,911
 $
 (223,751)

 Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities
 $
 (87,819)
 $
 61,179

 Net Cash Used in Operating Activities

 During the year ended December 31, 2023, net cash used in operating activities was $17.5 million, which consisted of a net loss of $62.9 million, adjusted by non-cash charges of $58.2 million and net cash outflows from the change in net operating assets and liabilities of $12.8 million. The non-cash charges were primarily comprised of depreciation and amortization expense of $10.6 million, stock-based compensation expense of $51.2 million, partially offset by accrued interest on marketable securities of $3.2 million, and other net activity of $0.4 million. The net cash outflows from the change in our net operating assets and liabilities were primarily due to an $7.7 million increase in deferred implementation costs and a $9.3 million increase in accounts receivable, partially offset by a $3.6 million increase in deferred revenues, $0.4 million decrease in prepaid expenses and other assets, and a $0.1 million increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities.

 During the year ended December 31, 2022, net cash used in operating activities was $38.0 million, which consisted of a net loss of $58.6 million, adjusted by non-cash charges of $36.5 million and net cash outflows from the change in net operating assets and liabilities of $15.9 million. The non-cash charges were primarily comprised of depreciation and amortization expense of $8.1 million and stock-based compensation expense of $44.6 million, partially offset by a $15.5 million gain from revaluation of contingent consideration and a $0.7 million benefit from deferred taxes. The net cash outflows from the change in our net operating assets and liabilities were primarily due to an $7.8 million increase in deferred implementation costs, $3.2 million increase in prepaid expenses and other assets, a $4.0 million increase in accounts receivable, and a $1.4 million decrease in accounts payable and accrued liabilities, partially offset by a $0.5 million increase in deferred revenues.

 Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities

 During the year ended December 31, 2023, net cash provided by investing activities was $33.9 million, primarily consisting of $181.0 million in proceeds from sales, maturities and redemptions of marketable securities, partially offset by $140.8 million for the purchase of marketable securities, $5.2 million related to capitalized software development costs, and capital expenditures related to updates for computer and other equipment of $1.1 million.

 During the year ended December 31, 2022, net cash used in investing activities was $223.7 million, primarily consisting of $187.2 million for the purchase of marketable securities, $131.8 million related to our acquisition of Segmint, $3.4 million related to capitalized software development costs, and capital expenditures related to updates for computer and other equipment of $1.1 million, partially offset by $99.8 million in proceeds from maturities and redemptions of marketable securities.

 Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Financing Activities

 For the year ended December 31, 2023, net cash used in financing activities was $87.8 million, which was primarily due to $85.0 million of principal payments on term debt, payments for taxes related to net settlement of equity awards of $16.0 million, payment of acquisition related holdback of $3.6 million and debt issuance costs paid of $0.3 million, partially offset by proceeds of $13.0 million from the exercise of stock options to purchase 2.2 million shares of our common stock and proceeds from issuances under the Employee Stock Purchase Plan ("ESPP") of $4.1 million.

 For the year ended December 31, 2022, net cash provided by financing activities was $61.2 million, which was primarily due to proceeds of $85.0 million from issuance of long-term debt, proceeds of $2.4 million from the exercise of stock options to purchase 1.1 million shares of our common stock, and proceeds from issuances under the ESPP of $2.9 million, partially offset by $24.7 million of principal payments on debt, payments for taxes related to net settlement of equity awards of $2.7 million, payment of acquisition related holdback of $1.0 million and debt issuance costs paid of $0.8 million.

 Amended Credit Agreement

 On June 27, 2023, the Company entered into a First Amendment to the Amended Credit Agreement with SVB, Comerica Bank, and Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce. The First Amendment provided for Citibank, N.A. to join as a new lender, increased the amount of the Revolving Facility (as defined below) commitment by $20.0 million and extended the maturity date of the Amended Credit Agreement to April 29, 2026, as well as other changes discussed below. The Amended Credit Agreement, inclusive of changes established by the First Amendment, includes the following, among other features:
 • Revolving Facility: The Amended Credit Agreement provides $60.0 million in aggregate commitments for secured revolving loans ("Revolving Facility"), of which there were no outstanding borrowings as of December 31, 2023.
 • Term Loan: A term loan of $85.0 million (the "Term Loan") was borrowed on April 29, 2022, the proceeds of which were used to replenish cash used to fund the acquisition of Segmint, which closed on April 25, 2022. On December 29, 2023, the Company paid the remaining outstanding principal balance of its term loan of $82.9 million. The Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $0.4 million related to the payoff of the term loan which was included in non-operating income (expense) within the consolidated statements of operations.
 • Accordion Feature: The Amended Credit Agreement also permits the Company, subject to certain conditions, to request additional revolving loan commitments in an aggregate principal amount of up to $50.0 million, of which there were no outstanding borrowings as of December 31, 2023.

 Revolving Facility loans under the Amended Credit Agreement may be voluntarily prepaid and re-borrowed. Principal payments on the Term Loan are due in quarterly installments equal to an initial amount of approximately $1.1 million, beginning on June 30, 2023 and continuing through March 31, 2024, and increasing to approximately $2.1 million beginning on June 30, 2024 through the Amended Credit Agreement maturity date. Once repaid or prepaid, the Term Loan may not be re-borrowed. Debt issuance costs paid for the execution of the Amended Credit Facility were $0.9 million, of which $0.1 million was included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and $0.2 million was included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Debt issuance costs paid for the execution of the First Amendment were $0.3 million, of which $0.1 million was included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and $0.1 million was included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Upon the payoff of the Term Loan on December 29, 2023, debt issuance costs of $0.4 million were written off and recorded as a loss on extinguishment of debt which was included in non-operating income (expense) within the consolidated statements of operations.

 The First Amendment added additional covenants that begin each fiscal quarter ending on or after April 29, 2025 (the "Financial Covenant Trigger Date"). Before the Financial Covenant Trigger Date, borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement bear interest at a variable rate based upon the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (the "SOFR") plus a margin of 3.00% to 3.50% per annum depending on the applicable recurring revenue leverage ratio. After the Financial Covenant Trigger Date, borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement bear interest at a variable rate based upon the SOFR plus a margin of 1.50%, 2.00%, 2.50% or 3.00% per annum, depending on the applicable consolidated total leverage ratio. If the SOFR is ever less than 0%, then the SOFR shall be deemed to be 0%. The Amended Credit Agreement is subject to certain liquidity and operating covenants and includes customary representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. The Company is required to pay a commitment fee of 0.25% per annum on the undrawn portion available under the Revolving Facility and variable fees on outstanding letters of credit. The Company has a standby letter of credit in the amount of $0.3 million, which serves as security under the lease relating to the Company's office space that expires in 2033.

 Obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement are guaranteed by the Company's subsidiaries and secured by all or substantially all of the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries pursuant to an Amended and Restated Guarantee and Collateral Agreement.

 The Amended Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants. Before the Financial Covenant Trigger Date, the following covenants are applicable: (i) an annual recurring revenue growth covenant requiring the loan parties to have recurring revenues in any four consecutive fiscal quarter period in an amount that is 10% greater than the recurring revenues for the corresponding four consecutive quarter period in the previous year; and (ii) a liquidity (defined as the aggregate amount of cash in bank accounts subject to a control agreement plus availability under the Revolving Facility) covenant, requiring the loan parties to have liquidity, tested on the last day of each calendar month, of $20.0 million or more. After the Financial Covenant Trigger Date, the existing annual recurring revenue growth and liquidity financial covenants are no longer applicable, and the following covenants take effect: (i) a consolidated total leverage ratio requiring the ratio, as calculated at the last day of such fiscal quarter for the period of 12 consecutive months then ending, to be less than 3.50:1.00; and (ii) a consolidated fixed charge ratio requiring the ratio, for any fiscal quarter ending as calculated at the last day of such fiscal quarter for the period of 12 consecutive months then ending, to be more than 1.25:1.00.

 The First Amendment also added, applicable beginning June 30, 2023, a free cash flow covenant requiring, as calculated at the last day of such fiscal quarter for the period of 12 consecutive months then ending, free cash flow to be not less than $(75.0) million for the fiscal quarters ended June 30, 2023 and September 30, 2023, respectively, and $(50.0) million for the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2023 and each fiscal quarter ending thereafter.

 Total interest expense, including commitment fees and unused line fees, for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, was $7.4 million, $3.9 million, and $1.2 million, respectively. In conjunction with closing the Amended Credit Agreement in 2022 and the First Amendment in 2023, we incurred issuance costs of $0.8 million and $0.3 million, respectively, which were deferred and were scheduled to be amortized over the remaining term of the agreement. Unamortized debt issuance costs totaled $0.3 million, $0.7 million, and $0.1 million as of December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. Amortization expense totaled $0.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 and $0.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2022.

 Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 During the periods presented, we did not have, and we do not currently have, any off-balance sheet financing arrangements or any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, including entities sometimes referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities, that were established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or other contractually narrow or limited purposes.

 Contractual Obligations and Commitments

 The Company believes it has sufficient liquidity to fund its operations and meet its short-term and long-term obligations. The Company's material future obligations include the contractual and purchase commitments described below.
 On December 29, 2023, the Company paid the remaining outstanding principal balance of its term loan of $82.9 million. Refer to Note 8 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.

 Additionally, we have material future purchase commitments for services which are legally binding and that specify all significant terms including price and/or quantity. Total future commitments for these obligations over the next five years is $37.4 million. Of this amount, $23.8 million is due within the next 12 months. Refer to Note 13 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.

 Finally, we have operating leases for real estate and equipment that include future minimum payments with initial terms of one year or more. Total future operating lease payments at December 31, 2023 are $28.3 million. Within the next 12 months, operating lease payments are expected to be $2.7 million. Refer to Note 14 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.

 Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates

 In preparing our consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP, we must make decisions that impact the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and the related disclosures. Such decisions include the selection of the appropriate accounting principles to be applied and the assumptions on which to base accounting estimates. In reaching such decisions, we apply judgments based on our understanding and analysis of relevant circumstances, historical experience, and actuarial valuations. Actual amounts could differ from those estimated at the time the consolidated financial statements are prepared.

 Our most significant accounting policies, including Revenue Recognition, Deferred Costs to Obtain Client Contracts, Deferred Implementation Costs and Business Combinations, are described in Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Some of those significant accounting policies require us to make difficult, subjective, or complex judgments, or estimates. An accounting estimate is considered to be critical if it meets both of the following criteria: (i) the estimate requires assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the accounting estimate is made, and (ii) different estimates reasonably could have been used, or changes in the estimate that are reasonably likely to occur from period to period may have a material impact on the presentation of our financial condition, changes in financial condition, or results of operations. Our most critical accounting estimates include the following:

 Revenue Recognition

 We derive the majority of our revenues from SaaS subscription services charged for the use of our digital banking solutions. SaaS subscription services are generally recognized as revenues over the term of the contract as a series of distinct SaaS services bundled into a single performance obligation. Clients are typically charged a one-time, upfront implementation fee and recurring annual and monthly access fees for the use of our digital banking solution. Implementation and integration of the digital banking platform is complex, and we have determined that the one-time, upfront services are not distinct. In determining whether implementation services are distinct from subscription services, we considered various factors including the significant level of integration, interdependency, and interrelation between the implementation and subscription service, as well as the inability of the clients' personnel or other service providers to perform significant portions of the services. As a result, we defer any arrangement fees for implementation services and recognize such amounts over time on a ratable basis as one performance obligation with the underlying subscription revenue commencing when the client goes live on the platform, which corresponds with the date the client obtains access to our digital banking solution and begins to benefit from the service.

 Our performance obligation for the SaaS series of services includes standing ready over the term of the contract to provide access to all the clients' customers and process any transactions initiated by those customers. We invoice clients each month for the contracted minimum number of registered users with an additional amount for registered users in excess of those minimums. We recognize variable consideration related to registered user counts in excess of the contractual minimum amounts each month. SaaS subscription revenues also includes annual and monthly charges for maintenance and support services which are recognized on a straight-line basis over the subscription term.

 During the term of the contract, clients may purchase additional professional services to modify or enhance their licensed SaaS solutions. These services are distinct performance obligations recognized when control of the enhancement is transferred to the client.

 Business Combinations

 Our acquisitions are accounted for using the acquisition method of business combinations accounting. We recognize the consideration transferred (i.e. purchase price) in a business combination as well as the acquired business' identifiable assets, liabilities, and any non-controlling interests at their acquisition date fair value. The excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities, and non-controlling interest, is recorded as goodwill in our consolidated financial statements. Several valuation methods may be used to determine the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. We use our best estimates and assumptions to assign fair value to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date. Our estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. Determining the useful life of an intangible asset also requires judgment as different types of intangible assets will have different useful lives and certain assets may even be considered to have indefinite useful lives. During the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, we may record adjustments to the fair value of these tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the corresponding offset to goodwill. In addition, uncertain tax positions and tax-related valuation allowances are initially recorded in connection with a business combination as of the acquisition date. We continue to collect information and reevaluate these estimates and assumptions quarterly and record any adjustments to our preliminary estimates to goodwill provided that we are within the measurement period. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the fair value of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to our consolidated statements of operations. We use all available information to estimate fair values. We typically engage outside appraisal firms to assist in the fair value determination of identifiable intangible assets and any other significant assets or liabilities. We adjust the preliminary purchase price allocation, as necessary, up to one year after the acquisition closing date as we obtain more information regarding asset valuations and liabilities assumed.

 For acquisitions involving additional consideration to be transferred to the selling parties in the event certain future events occur or conditions are met ("contingent consideration"), we recognize the acquisition date fair value of contingent consideration as part of the consideration transferred in exchange for the business combination. Contingent consideration meeting the criteria to be classified as equity in the consolidated balance sheets is not remeasured, and its subsequent settlement is recorded within stockholders' equity (deficit). Contingent consideration classified as a liability is remeasured to fair value at each reporting date until the contingency is resolved, with any changes in fair value recognized in our consolidated statements of operations.

 Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

 See Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements for a discussion of recent accounting pronouncements and future application of accounting standards.

 Emerging Growth Company Status

 We are an "emerging growth company" as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act (the "JOBS Act"). Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We have elected to use this extended transition period to enable us to comply with new or revised accounting standards that have different effective dates for public and private companies until the earlier of the date we (i) are no longer an emerging growth company or (ii) affirmatively and irrevocably opt out of the extended transition period provided in the JOBS Act. As a result, our consolidated financial statements may not be comparable to companies that comply with new or revised accounting pronouncements as of public company effective dates.

 Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 We are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. Market risk represents the risk of loss that may impact our financial position due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates. Our market risk exposure is primarily the result of fluctuations in interest rates.

 Interest Rate Risk

 We are subject to interest rate risk in connection with our Amended Credit Agreement. Interest rate changes generally impact the amount of our interest payments and, therefore, our future net income and cash flows, assuming other factors held constant. Assuming the amounts outstanding under our Amended Credit Agreement are fully drawn, a hypothetical 10% change in interest rates would not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements. Our cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash consist primarily of interest-bearing accounts. Such interest-earning instruments carry a degree of interest rate risk. To minimize interest rate risk in the future, we intend to maintain our portfolio of cash equivalents in a variety of investment-grade securities, which may include commercial paper, money market funds, and government and non-government debt securities. Because of the short-term maturities of our cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and marketable securities, we do not believe that an increase in market rates would have any significant negative impact on the realized value of our investments.

 Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
 Alkami Technology, Inc.
 Index to Consolidated Financial Statements
 Page

 Financial Statements

 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID: 42)

 Consolidated Balance Sheets

 Consolidated Statements of Operations

 Consolidated Statements of Changes in Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)

 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 To the Stockholders and the Board of Directors of Alkami Technology, Inc.

 Opinion on the Financial Statements

 We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Alkami Technology, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in redeemable convertible preferred stock and stockholders' equity (deficit) and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "consolidated financial statements"). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

 Basis for Opinion

 These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

 We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. As part of our audits we are required to obtain an understanding of internal control over financial reporting but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion.

 Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 /s/ Ernst & Young LLP

 We have served as the Company's auditor since 2017.

 Dallas, Texas

 CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
 (in thousands, except share and per share data)

 2023
 2022

 Assets

 Current assets

 Cash and cash equivalents
 $
 40,927
 $
 108,720

 Marketable securities
 51,196
 87,635

 Accounts receivable, net
 35,499
 26,246

 Deferred implementation costs, current
 10,329
 7,855

 Prepaid expenses and other current assets
 10,634
 11,709

 Total current assets
 148,585
 242,165

 Property and equipment, net
 16,946
 13,561

 Right-of-use assets
 15,754
 14,670

 Deferred implementation costs, net of current portion
 30,734
 24,783

 Intangibles, net
 35,807
 42,593

 Goodwill
 148,050
 148,017

 Other assets
 3,949
 3,096

 Total assets
 $
 399,825
 $
 488,885

 Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity

 Current liabilities

 Current portion of long-term debt
 $
 —
 $
 3,188

 Accounts payable(1)

 7,478
 4,291

 Accrued liabilities
 19,763
 21,643

 Deferred revenues, current portion
 10,984
 8,835

 Lease liabilities, current portion
 1,205
 3,657

 Total current liabilities
 39,430
 41,614

 Long-term debt, net
 —
 81,392

 Deferred revenues, net of current portion
 15,384
 13,904

 Deferred income taxes
 1,713
 1,712

 Lease liabilities, net of current portion
 18,052
 15,817

 Other non-current liabilities

 Total liabilities
 74,884
 154,839

 Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)

 Stockholders' Equity

 Preferred stock, $ 0.001 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized and 0 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2023 and 2022

 —
 —

 Common stock, $ 0.001 par value, 500,000,000 shares authorized and 96,722,098 and 92,112,749 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively

 Additional paid-in capital
 760,210
 706,407

 Accumulated deficit
 ( 435,366)
 ( 372,453)

 Total stockholders' equity
 324,941
 334,046

 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
 $
 399,825
 $
 488,885

 The above financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 (1) Includes related party accounts payable of $ 0.3 million and $ 0.3 million as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. See Note 17.

 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
 (in thousands, except share and per share data)

 2023
 2022
 2021

 $
 $
 $
 152,159

 Cost of revenues(1)(2)

 120,720
 95,946
 68,352

 Gross profit
 144,111
 108,324
 83,807

 Operating expenses:

 84,661
 69,329
 48,800

 48,557
 36,811
 24,174

 72,900
 71,247
 50,398

 Acquisition-related expenses, net
 ( 12,529)
 2,983

 Amortization of acquired intangibles
 1,435
 1,155

 Total operating expenses
 207,816
 166,013
 126,723

 Loss from operations

 ( 63,705)
 ( 57,689)
 ( 42,916)

 Non-operating income (expense):

 Interest income
 8,095
 2,696

 Interest expense
 ( 7,384)
 ( 3,850)
 ( 1,186)

 Gain (loss) on financial instruments
 ( 200)
 ( 3,035)

 Loss on extinguishment of debt
 ( 409)
 ( 18)
 —

 Loss before income taxes

 ( 62,869)
 ( 59,061)
 ( 46,650)

 Provision (benefit) for income taxes
 ( 461)

 $
 $
 $

 Less: cumulative dividends and adjustments to redeemable convertible preferred stock
 —
 —
 ( 277)

 Net loss attributable to common stockholders
 $
 $
 $
 ( 47,099)

 Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders:

 Basic and diluted
 $
 ( 0.67)
 $
 ( 0.64)
 $
 ( 0.73)

 Weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding:

 Basic and diluted
 94,080,797
 90,956,521
 64,510,456

 The above financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 (1) Includes amortization of acquired technology of $ 5.4 million, $ 3.9 million, and $ 0.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.

 (2) Includes fees paid to a related party of $ 6.2 million, $ 4.4 million, and $ 4.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. See Note 17.

 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK AND
 STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIT)
 (in thousands, except share data)

 Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock
 Common Stock
 Additional Paid-in Capital
 Accumulated Deficit
 Total Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)

 Shares
 Amount
 Shares
 Amount

 Balance January 1, 2021
 72,225,916
 $
 443,263
 4,909,529
 $
 $
 —
 $
 ( 263,528)
 $
 ( 263,523)

 —
 —
 —
 —
 —

 Exercised stock options
 —
 —
 5,801,124
 9,106
 —
 9,112

 Issuance of common stock upon restricted stock unit vesting
 —
 —
 3,368
 —
 —
 —
 —

 Common stock issued under Employee Stock Purchase Plan (ESPP)
 122,314
 —
 3,005
 —
 3,005

 Exercised warrants
 —
 —
 211,323
 —
 —

 Payment of Series B Dividend upon initial public offering
 —
 ( 4,969)
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —

 Cumulative dividends and adjustments to redeemable convertible preferred stock
 —
 —
 —
 ( 277)
 —
 ( 277)

 Issuance of common stock upon initial public offering, net of underwriting discounts and commissions and other offerings costs
 —
 —
 6,900,000
 192,803
 —
 192,810

 Conversion of redeemable convertible preferred stock to common stock upon initial public offering
 ( 72,225,916)
 ( 438,571)
 72,225,916
 438,498
 —
 438,570

 Conversion of redeemable convertible preferred stock warrants to common stock warrants upon initial public offering
 —
 —
 —
 —
 5,727
 —
 5,727

 Cost in connection with initial public offering
 —
 —
 —
 —
 ( 5,674)
 —
 ( 5,674)

 Repurchase of common stock
 —
 —
 ( 218,917)
 —
 ( 3,503)
 ( 3,497)

 —
 —
 —
 —
 —

 Balance December 31, 2021
 —
 —
 89,954,657
 658,374
 ( 313,853)
 344,611

 —
 —
 —
 —
 45,395
 —
 45,395

 Issuance of common stock upon restricted stock unit vesting
 —
 —
 698,841
 ( 1)
 —
 —

 Common stock issued under ESPP
 —
 —
 323,905
 —
 2,906
 —
 2,906

 Exercised stock options
 —
 —
 1,135,346
 2,398
 —
 2,399

 Payments for taxes related to net settlement of equity awards
 —
 —
 —
 —
 ( 2,665)
 —
 ( 2,665)

 —
 —
 —
 —
 —

 Balance December 31, 2022
 —
 —
 92,112,749
 706,407
 ( 372,453)
 334,046

 —
 —
 —
 —
 52,686
 —
 52,686

 Issuance of common stock upon restricted stock unit vesting
 —
 —
 1,943,846
 ( 2)
 —
 —

 Common stock issued under ESPP
 —
 —
 421,690
 —
 4,124
 —
 4,124

 Exercised stock options
 —
 —
 2,243,813
 12,980
 —
 12,983

 Payments for taxes related to net settlement of equity awards

 —
 —
 —
 —
 ( 15,985)
 —
 ( 15,985)

 —
 —
 —
 —
 —

 Balance December 31, 2023

 —
 —
 96,722,098
 $
 $
 760,210
 $
 ( 435,366)
 $
 324,941

 The above financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 2023
 2022
 2021

 Cash flows from operating activities:

 $
 $
 $

 Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

 Depreciation and amortization expense
 10,631
 8,075
 3,443

 Accrued interest on marketable securities, net
 ( 3,231)
 ( 369)
 —

 Stock-based compensation expense
 51,231
 44,592

 Amortization of debt issuance costs

 Gain from revaluation of contingent consideration
 —
 ( 15,500)
 —

 (Gain) loss on financial instruments

 ( 532)
 3,035

 Loss on extinguishment of debt
 —

 Gain on lease modification
 ( 375)
 —
 —

 Deferred taxes
 ( 32)
 ( 690)

 Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

 Accounts receivable
 ( 9,253)
 ( 4,013)
 ( 6,281)

 Prepaid expenses and other assets
 ( 3,194)

 Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
 ( 1,374)
 6,825

 Deferred implementation costs
 ( 7,720)
 ( 7,846)
 ( 4,659)

 Deferred rent and tenant allowances
 —
 —
 ( 568)

 Deferred revenues
 3,629
 1,046

 Net cash used in operating activities

 ( 17,502)
 ( 38,045)
 ( 28,959)

 Cash flows from investing activities:

 Purchase of marketable securities
 ( 140,816)
 ( 187,217)
 —

 Proceeds from sales, maturities, and redemptions of marketable securities
 181,019
 99,750
 —

 Purchases of property and equipment
 ( 1,058)
 ( 1,057)
 ( 1,120)

 Capitalized software development costs(1)

 ( 5,234)
 ( 3,388)
 ( 2,577)

 Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired(2)

 —
 ( 131,839)
 ( 18,326)

 Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

 33,911
 ( 223,751)
 ( 22,023)

 Cash flows from financing activities:

 Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt
 —
 85,000
 —

 Principal payments on debt
 ( 85,000)
 ( 24,688)
 ( 313)

 Payment of holdback funds from acquisition
 ( 3,600)
 ( 1,000)
 —

 Payments for taxes related to net settlement of equity awards
 ( 15,985)
 ( 2,665)
 —

 Proceeds from stock option exercises
 12,983
 2,399
 9,112

 Proceeds from exercise of warrants
 —
 —

 Proceeds from ESPP issuance
 4,124
 2,906
 3,005

 Deferred IPO issuance costs paid
 —
 —
 ( 4,520)

 Debt issuance costs paid
 ( 341)
 ( 773)
 —

 Repurchase of common stock
 —
 —
 ( 3,497)

 Proceeds from issuance of common stock upon initial public offering, net of underwriting discounts and commissions
 —
 —
 192,810

 Payment of Series B dividend
 —
 —
 ( 4,969)

 Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

 ( 87,819)
 61,179
 192,273

 Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash

 ( 71,410)
 ( 200,617)
 141,291

 Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period
 112,337
 312,954
 171,663

 Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period
 $
 40,927
 $
 112,337
 $
 312,954

 Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

 Cash paid for interest
 $
 7,056
 $
 3,612
 $
 1,100

 Cash paid for taxes
 $
 $
 $

 The above financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 (1) See Note 4 for additional information regarding noncash investing activities for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 related to capitalized software development costs.
 (2) See Note 3 for additional information regarding noncash investing activities for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, related to the acquisition of Segmint and MK.

 Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
 (in thousands, except per share data)

 Note 1. Organization

 Description of Business

 Alkami Technology, Inc. (the "Company") is a cloud-based digital banking solutions provider. The Company inspires and empowers community, regional and super-regional financial institutions ("FIs") to compete with large, technologically advanced and well-resourced banks in the United States. The Company's solution, the Alkami Digital Banking Platform, allows FIs to onboard and engage new users, accelerate revenues and meaningfully improve operational efficiency, all with the support of a proprietary, true cloud-based, multi-tenant architecture. The Company cultivates deep relationships with its clients through long-term, subscription-based contractual arrangements, aligning its growth with its clients' success and generating an attractive unit economic model. The Company was incorporated in Delaware in August 2011, and its principal offices are located in Plano, Texas.

 Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 The accompanying financial statements reflect the application of significant accounting policies as described below.

 Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

 The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") set by the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB"). References to U.S. GAAP issued by the FASB in these notes are to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"). The consolidated financial statements include accounts of the Company's wholly owned subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated.

 The Company has no sources of other comprehensive income, and accordingly, net loss presented each period is the same as comprehensive loss.

 Reclassification. The Company has reclassified certain amounts on its consolidated statements of operations in the prior periods to conform to current periods presentation.

 Use of Estimates

 The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 Significant estimates and assumptions include determining the timing and amount of revenue recognition, recoverability and amortization period related to costs to obtain and fulfill contracts, deferred implementation costs, revaluation of contingent consideration, and business combinations.

 Operating Segments

 The Company operates as one operating segment. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available and evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker, which is the Company's chief executive officer, in deciding how to make operating decisions, allocate resources and assess performance. The Company's chief operating decision maker allocates resources and assesses performance at the consolidated level.

 Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 The fair value hierarchy is based on inputs to valuation techniques that are used to measure fair value that are either observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect assumptions market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability based on market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect a reporting entity's pricing based upon their own market assumptions. The fair value hierarchy consists of the following three levels:

 The Company uses a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value:

 Level 1. Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 Level 2. Significant other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.

 Level 3. Significant unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.

 The Company's financial instruments consist primarily of cash, restricted cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, accounts receivable, accounts payable, long-term debt, stock warrants and contingent consideration. The carrying values of cash, restricted cash and cash

 equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate their respective fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The carrying value of long-term debt approximates its fair value due to the variable interest rate. Cash equivalents include amounts held in money market accounts that are measured at fair value using observable market prices. Marketable securities include debt securities that are measured at fair value using observable inputs. The Company values contingent consideration related to business combinations using a weighted probability calculation of potential payment scenarios discounted at rates reflective of the risks associated with the expected future cash flows.

 See Note 11 for additional information regarding fair value measurements.

 Cash and Cash Equivalents

 The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Certain cash equivalents held in marketable securities accounts may have related unrealized gains or losses that are recognized on the consolidated statements of operations.

 See Note 11 for additional information regarding cash equivalent money market and marketable securities accounts.

 Restricted Cash

 The Company defines restricted cash as cash that is legally restricted as to withdrawal or usage. The amounts included in restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2022 represents the additional cash proceeds in deposit with an escrow agent for satisfaction of holdback provisions related to the acquisitions of MK Decisioning Systems, LLC ("MK") and Segmint Inc. ("Segmint"). See Note 3 for further information.

 2023
 2022

 Cash and cash equivalents
 $
 40,927
 $
 108,720

 Restricted cash included in Prepaid Expenses and other current assets
 —
 3,617

 Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash
 $
 40,927
 $
 112,337

 Marketable Securities

 The Company classifies its fixed income marketable securities as trading securities based on its intentions regarding these instruments. Accordingly, marketable securities are reported at fair value, with all realized gains and losses from sales of marketable securities and unrealized holding gains and losses reflected in the consolidated statements of operations.

 Accounts Receivable

 Accounts receivable represents the trade receivables billed to clients and includes unbilled amounts earned and recognized as revenues prior to period end. The accounts receivable allowance reflects a reserve that reduces the Company's client accounts receivable to the net amount estimated to be collectible. The valuation of accounts receivable is based upon the credit-worthiness of clients, historical collection experience, an estimate of future collectability, and current events. Management also analyzes historical trends of credits issued to clients and specific invoices to estimate an allowance for disputed invoices and billing errors.

 The Company assesses the collectability of outstanding accounts receivable on an ongoing basis and maintains an allowance for credit losses for accounts receivable deemed uncollectible. The Company analyzes the accounts receivable portfolio for significant risks and considers prior periods and forecasts future collectability to determine the amount of revenues that will ultimately be collected from its customers. This estimate is analyzed quarterly and adjusted as necessary. Identified risks pertaining to the Company's accounts receivable include the delinquency level and customer type. Future collectability is contingent upon current and anticipated macroeconomic conditions that could impact the Company's customers such as unemployment, inflation and regulation matters. Due to the short-term nature of such receivables, the estimate of the amount of accounts receivable that may not be collected is based on aging of the accounts receivable balances and the financial condition of customers. Historically, the Company's collection experience has not varied significantly, and bad debt expenses have been insignificant.

 The Company maintains reserves for estimated sales credits issued to customers for billing disputes or other service-related reasons. These allowances are recorded as a reduction against current period revenues and accounts receivable. In estimating this allowance, the Company analyzes prior periods to determine the amounts of sales credits issued to customers compared to the revenues in the period that related to the original customer invoice. This estimate is analyzed quarterly and adjusted as necessary. The Company also maintains specific reserves for anticipated contract concessions. Refer to Note 6. Accounts Receivable for additional information.

 Property and Equipment

 Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization, using the straight-line method based on estimated useful lives of the related assets. Leasehold improvements are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization, using the straight-line method over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred. Expenditures that increase the value or productive capacity of assets are capitalized. When property and equipment are retired, sold, or otherwise disposed of, the asset's carrying amount and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is reflected in the consolidated statements of operations.

 Capitalized Software Development Costs

 Software development costs relate primarily to software coding, systems interfaces, and testing of the Company's proprietary systems and are accounted for in accordance with ASC 350-40, Internal Use Software. Internal software development costs are capitalized from the time the internal use software is in the application development stage until the software is ready for use. Business analysis, system evaluation, and software maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. The capitalized software development costs are reported in property and equipment, net, in the consolidated balance sheets. Capitalized software development costs are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of the software, generally, five years from when the asset is placed in service.

 Development Costs in a Cloud Computing Arrangement

 The Company capitalizes qualified development costs incurred when modifying certain internal use systems held through hosting arrangements. This is done in accordance with the requirements for capitalizing costs incurred to develop internal-use software. In accordance with current accounting guidance, these capitalized development costs are recorded within prepaid expenses and other current assets and other assets and are amortized to software license expense over the remaining fixed, non-cancellable term of the associated hosting arrangement on a straight-line basis beginning on the in-service date.

 Leases

 The Company determines if a contract contains a lease for accounting purposes at the inception of the arrangement. The Company is primarily a lessee with a lease portfolio comprised mainly of real estate and equipment leases. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had no finance leases.

 The Company has elected to apply the practical expedient which allows the Company to account for lease and non-lease components of a contract as a single leasing arrangement for the real estate asset class. Additionally, the Company elected the short-term lease exemption, whereby leases with initial terms of one year or less are not capitalized and instead expensed generally on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

 Operating lease assets are included on the Company's consolidated balance sheets in non-current assets as a right-of-use ("ROU") asset, and represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset for the lease term. Operating lease liabilities are included on the Company's consolidated balance sheets in lease liabilities, current portion, for the portion that is due within 12 months and in lease liabilities, net of current portion, for the portion that is due beyond 12 months of the financial statement date and represent the Company's obligation to make lease payments.

 ROU assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the commencement date of the lease based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term using an appropriate discount rate. If an implicit rate is not readily determined by the Company's leases, the Company utilizes the incremental borrowing rate based on the available information at the commencement date to determine the lease payments. The depreciable lives of the underlying leased assets are generally limited to the expected lease term inclusive of any optional lease renewals where the Company concludes at the inception of the lease that the Company is reasonably certain of exercising those options. The ROU asset calculation may also include any initial direct costs paid and is reduced by any lease incentives provided by the lessor. Lease expense for operating lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

 After the lease commencement date, the Company evaluates lease modifications, if any, that could result in a change in the accounting for leases. For a lease modification, an evaluation is performed to determine if it should be treated as either a separate lease or a change in the accounting of an existing lease. If determined to be a change in the accounting for an existing lease, the Company will remeasure the ROU asset and lease liability as of the modification date. If a lease modification includes a partial termination, the difference between any reduction in the ROU asset and lease liability is recorded to the consolidated statements of operations within general and administrative expenses.

 Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

 The Company reviews long-lived assets, including property and equipment, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Impairment would be recognized if the estimated undiscounted future cash flows were less than the carrying value of the related assets. Therefore, the carrying amount of such assets would be reduced to fair value. There were no impairment charges for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021.

 Contract Balances

 Client contracts under which revenues have been recognized while the Company is not yet able to invoice results in contract assets. Generally, contract assets arise as a result of reallocating revenues when discounts are more heavily weighted in the early years of a multi-year contract, or the client contract has substantive minimum fees that escalate over the term of the contract.

 Contract liabilities are comprised of billings or payments received from the Company's clients in advance of performance under the contract and are represented in deferred revenues in the consolidated balance sheets.

 Deferred costs to obtain client contracts

 The Company capitalizes certain incremental costs of obtaining a client contract if the costs are deemed recoverable. Costs include commissions and bonuses earned by sales teams and leaders due to the execution of client contracts along with associated employer taxes. Capitalized amounts do not include commissions that are contingent on continued employment over a substantive service period. Contingent

 commissions are accrued as liabilities and expensed over the requisite employment service period. Deferred commissions are amortized over the benefit period of the client contract. Determining the expected benefit period over which to amortize deferred commissions requires judgment. The Company determines the expected benefit period based upon initial contract lengths, expected renewals and the expected benefit of the underlying technology.

 Deferred implementation costs

 The Company capitalizes certain costs to fulfill client contracts such as employee salaries, benefits, stock-based compensation and associated payroll taxes that are directly related to the implementation of its solutions and some third-party costs. The Company only capitalizes implementation costs that it anticipates will be recoverable under the contract. The Company begins amortizing deferred implementation costs ratably over the expected period of client benefit once access to the software-as-a-service ("SaaS") solution is transferred to the client. Deferred implementation costs are amortized over the benefit period of the client contract.

 Revenue Recognition

 The Company derives primarily all of its revenues from SaaS subscription services charged for the use of its digital banking solutions. Revenues are recognized net of the most likely amount of sales credits and allowances and presented net of sales and usage-based taxes collected from clients on behalf of governmental authorities. SaaS subscription services are generally recognized as revenue over the term of the contract as a series of distinct SaaS services bundled into a single performance obligation. Clients are typically charged a one-time, upfront implementation fee and recurring annual and monthly access fees for the use of the Company's digital banking solution. Implementation and integration of the digital banking platform is complex, and the Company has determined that the one-time, upfront services are not distinct. In determining whether implementation services are distinct from subscription services, the Company considered various factors including the significant level of integration, interdependency, and interrelation between the implementation and subscription service, as well as the inability of the clients' personnel or other service providers to perform significant portions of the services. As a result, the Company defers any arrangement fees for implementation services and recognizes such amounts over time on a ratable basis as one performance obligation with the underlying subscription revenue commencing when the client goes live on the platform, which corresponds with the date the client obtains access to the Company's digital banking solution and begins to benefit from the service.

 The Company's performance obligation for the SaaS series of services includes standing ready over the term of the contract to provide access to all of the clients' users and process any transactions initiated by those users. The Company invoices clients each month for the contracted minimum number of registered users with an additional amount for users in excess of those minimums. The Company recognizes variable consideration related to registered user counts in excess of the contractual minimum amounts each month. SaaS subscription revenues also includes annual and monthly charges for maintenance and support services which are recognized over the subscription term. As mentioned above, SaaS contracts include a single performance obligation that consists of a series of distinct SaaS services transferred over time that are substantially the same each month. Standalone selling prices ("SSP") is not required to allocate revenue amongst the distinct services within the series.

 As a part of its SaaS subscription services, the Company provides certain services within the SaaS platform using third-party applications. Contracts include monthly fees based on a minimum number of transactions and additional fees for transactions in excess of those minimums. Generally, minimum transaction fees are recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract term. Variable consideration earned for transactions in excess of contractual minimums is recognized as revenue in the month the actual transactions are processed. For those services that are processed by third-party applications, management evaluates whether the Company is acting as a principal or an agent based upon the transfer of control of the services to the customer. The Company first obtains control of the inputs to the specific application and directs their use to create the combined output. The Company's control is evidenced by its involvement in the integration of the application on its platform before it is transferred to the client and is further supported by the Company being primarily responsible to the clients and having discretion in establishing pricing. After evaluating each of the applications used to provide SaaS services, the Company has determined that, generally, it is acting as the principal in these transactions. Accordingly, the Company records the revenue on a gross basis and the related expenses are recorded as a component of cost of revenues.

 During the term of the contract, clients may purchase additional professional services to modify or enhance their licensed SaaS solutions. These services are distinct performance obligations recognized when control of the enhancement is transferred to the client.

 Cost of Revenues

 Cost of revenues is comprised primarily of salaries and other personnel-related costs, including employee benefits, bonuses, stock-based compensation, travel, and related costs for employees supporting SaaS subscription, implementation and other services. This includes the costs of the implementation, client support, development personnel responsible for maintaining and releasing updates to the platform, as well as third-party cloud-based hosting services. Cost of revenues also includes the direct costs of bill-pay services and other third-party intellectual property included in the Company's solutions, the amortization of acquired technology, the amortization of capitalized internal use software, and depreciation.

 Stock-Based Compensation

 Stock Options

 Stock options are accounted for using the grant date fair value method. Under this method, stock-based compensation expense is measured by the estimated fair value of the granted stock options at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and recognized over the vesting period with a corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital.

 The determination of the grant date fair value of stock-based awards using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model is affected, for periods prior to the Company's initial public offering ("IPO"), by the Company's estimated common stock fair value as well as other subjective assumptions

 including the volatility, risk-free interest rate, dividends, and weighted average expected life. The assumptions used in the Company's option-pricing model represent management's best estimates. These assumptions and estimates are as follows:

 Fair Value of Common Stock. Given the absence of an active market for the Company's shares of common stock prior to its IPO, the fair value of the shares of common stock underlying the Company's stock options was determined by the Company's board of directors (the "Board").

 • Preliminary Offering Price and Options Granted Subsequent to December 31, 2020. During February 2021, the Company granted stock options to purchase shares of its common stock. The Company established the fair value of these grants based on a straight-line interpolation from its December 31, 2020 valuation and the mid-point of its initial price range in order to determine the appropriate stock-based compensation expense for financial reporting purposes.
 • Initial Public Offering Price and Options Granted Subsequent to April 13, 2021. The Company's stock became actively traded upon the completion of its IPO in April 2021. For grants issued upon or subsequent to its IPO, the Company establishes fair value based on the Company's stock price.

 Volatility: Prior to the IPO, the Company did not have the necessary trading history for its common stock, the selected volatility used was representative of expected future volatility. The Company based expected future volatility on the historical and implied volatility of comparable publicly traded companies over a similar expected term.

 Risk-Free Interest Rate: The Company bases the risk-free interest rate on the rate for a U.S. Treasury zero-coupon issue with a term that closely approximates the expected life of the option grant at the date nearest the option grant date.

 Dividends. The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends and does not presently intend to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future, other than the aggregate accumulated dividends paid to holders of the Company's Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock upon the effectiveness of the Company's IPO. As a result, the Company used a dividends assumption of zero.

 Weighted Average Expected Life in Years: The expected term of employee stock options reflects the period for which the Company believes the option will remain outstanding. To determine the expected term, the Company applies the simplified approach in which the expected term of an award is presumed to be the mid-point between the vesting date and the expiration date of the award.

 In addition to assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, the Company estimates a forfeiture rate to calculate the stock-based compensation expense for its option awards. The Company's forfeiture rate is based on an analysis of its actual forfeitures. The Company will continue to evaluate the appropriateness of the forfeiture rate based on actual forfeiture experience, analysis of employee turnover and other factors.

 Restricted Stock Units ("RSUs")
 RSUs issued upon and subsequent to the Company's IPO vest upon the satisfaction of a time-based condition only. These RSUs are generally earned over a service period of three to four years and the compensation expense related to these awards is based on the grant date fair value of the RSUs and is recognized on a ratable basis over the applicable service period.

 The Company estimates a forfeiture rate to calculate the stock-based compensation expense for its RSU awards. The Company's forfeiture rate is based on an analysis of its actual forfeitures. The Company will continue to evaluate the appropriateness of the forfeiture rate based on actual forfeiture experience, analysis of employee turnover and other factors.

 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

 The Company's 2021 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the "ESPP") permits employees to purchase the Company's common stock through payroll deductions during six month offerings. The offering periods begin each May 16 and November 16, or such other period determined by the compensation committee. In accordance with the guidance in ASC 718-50 - Compensation - Stock Compensation, the ability to purchase shares of the Company's common stock for 85 % of the lower of the price on the first day of the offering period or the last day of the offering period (i.e., the purchase date) represents an option and, therefore, the ESPP is a compensatory plan. Accordingly, stock-based compensation expense is determined based on the grant-date fair value as estimated by applying the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and is recognized over the withholding period.

 Basic and Diluted Loss per Common Share

 Basic loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period.

 Diluted loss per share is calculated by giving effect to all potentially dilutive common stock, which is comprised of stock options, RSUs, and ESPP obligations, when determining the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding.

 Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock Warrants

 The Company's warrants issued in connection with financing and other arrangements were classified as liabilities. The warrants issued by the Company do not require net cash settlement, however, as the warrants were for the purchase of conditionally redeemable convertible preferred stock, which could have required the Company to transfer assets to the holder upon redemption, the Company recorded the warrants as liabilities on the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of these warrants was recorded on the consolidated balance sheets at issuance and marked to market at each reporting period. The change in the fair value of the warrants was recorded in the consolidated statements of operations as a non-cash gain (loss) and was estimated based on the fair value of the redeemable convertible preferred stock to which the warrants related. In

 connection with the Company's IPO in 2021, warrants converted from a liability instrument to an equity instrument resulting in a reduction of the warrant liability to $ 0. All warrants were subsequently exercised into the Company's common stock as of December 31, 2021.

 Research and Development

 Research and development costs consist primarily of personnel-related costs for engineering, information technology and product employees, including salaries, bonuses, other incentive-related compensation, employee benefits and stock-based compensation. In addition, the Company also includes third-party contractor expenses, software development and testing tools, allocated corporate expenses, and other expenses related to developing new solutions and upgrading and enhancing existing solutions.

 Sales and Marketing

 Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of personnel-related costs of sales, marketing and client success employees, including salaries, bonuses, commissions, other incentive-related compensation, employee benefits and stock-based compensation. Sales and marketing expenses also include travel and related costs, outside consulting fees and marketing programs, including lead generation, costs of the Company's annual client conference, advertising, trade shows, and other event expenses. Advertising costs are expensed when incurred and were not significant for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021.

 General and Administrative

 General and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel-related costs for executive, finance, legal, human resources, information technology, security and compliance and other administrative employees, including salaries, bonuses, commissions, other incentive-related compensation, employee benefits and stock-based compensation. General and administrative expenses also include accounting, auditing and legal professional services fees, travel and other unallocated corporate-related expenses such as the cost of facilities, employee relations, corporate telecommunication and software.

 Acquisition-Related Expenses, Net

 Acquisition-related expenses, net, include acquisition-related expenses primarily related to accrual of deferred compensation, legal, consulting, and professional fees. In addition, these expenses are inclusive of any gain or loss on revaluation of contingent consideration.

 Amortization of Acquired Intangibles

 Amortization of acquired intangibles represents the amortization of intangible assets recorded in connection with business acquisitions, which are amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the related assets.

 Concentrations of Credit Risk

 Significant concentrations of credit risk arise from the Company's revenues and accounts receivable. Management believes that its contract acceptance, billing, and collection policies are adequate to minimize potential credit risk. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, no client represented more than 10% of accounts receivable. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, no client represented more than 10% of revenues.

 At times, cash held in financial institutions may exceed Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") limits. Management periodically assesses the financial condition of the institutions to assess credit risk. To date, the Company has not experienced such losses and believes it is not exposed to significant credit risk. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, cash exceeded FDIC limits by $ 39.0 million and $ 107.4 million, respectively.

 Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentration of credit risk consist of cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities. The Company invests its cash equivalents in highly rated money market funds. The Company's marketable securities consist of debt securities issued by highly rated corporate entities, foreign governments, and the U.S. federal government. Deposits may exceed federally insured limits, and the Company is exposed to credit risk on deposits in the event of default by the financial institutions to the extent account balances exceed the amount insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC"). The Company continues to monitor ongoing events involving limited liquidity, defaults, non-performance or other adverse developments that affect financial institutions or other companies in the financial services industry or the financial services industry generally, including developments related to Silicon Valley Bank ("SVB"). On March 10, 2023, SVB was closed by the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation, and the FDIC was appointed as receiver. On March 26, 2023, the FDIC announced that First-Citizens Bank & Trust Company would assume all SVB's deposits and loans as of March 27, 2023. In light of the foregoing, the Company does not believe that it has exposure to loss as a result of SVB's receivership. Additionally, the Company's overall liquidity and financing has not been impacted. During the periods presented, the Company did not experience any losses on its deposits of cash, cash equivalents or marketable securities.

 Income Taxes

 The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the estimated future tax effects of temporary differences between the financial statement basis and tax basis of assets and liabilities given the provisions of enacted tax law. Management reviews deferred tax assets to assess their future realization by considering all available evidence, both positive and negative, to determine whether a valuation allowance is needed for all or some portion of the deferred tax assets, using a "more likely than not" standard. The assessment considers, among other matters: historical losses, a forecast of future taxable income, the duration of statutory carryback and carryforward periods, and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. The Company reassesses the realizability of deferred tax assets regularly, and it will adjust the valuation allowance as sufficient objective positive evidence becomes available.

 The Company evaluates uncertain tax positions with the presumption of audit detection and applies a "more likely than not" standard to determine the recognition of any tax benefits derived from positions taken in various federal and state filings. The Company recognizes liabilities when it believes that an uncertain tax position may not be sustained upon examination by the tax authorities. The Company's policy is to accrue interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense. Because of the complexity of some of these uncertainties, the ultimate resolution may differ from the amounts recognized.

 Business Combinations

 The Company's acquisitions are accounted for using the acquisition method of business combinations accounting. The Company recognizes the consideration transferred (i.e., purchase price) in a business combination as well as the acquired business' identifiable assets, liabilities, and any non-controlling interests at their acquisition date fair value. The excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities, and non-controlling interest, is recorded as goodwill in the consolidated financial statements. Several valuation methods may be used to determine the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company uses its best estimates and assumptions to assign fair value to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date. The Company's estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. Determining the useful life of an intangible asset also requires judgment as different types of intangible assets will have different useful lives and certain assets may even be considered to have indefinite useful lives. During the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, the Company may record adjustments to the fair value of these tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the corresponding offset to goodwill. In addition, uncertain tax positions and tax-related valuation allowances are initially recorded in connection with a business combination as of the acquisition date. The Company continues to collect information and reevaluate these estimates and assumptions quarterly and record any adjustments to its preliminary estimates to goodwill, provided that the Company is within the measurement period. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the fair value of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to the Company's consolidated statements of operations.

 For acquisitions involving additional consideration to be transferred to the selling parties in the event certain future events occur or conditions are met ("contingent consideration"), the Company recognizes the acquisition date fair value of contingent consideration as part of the consideration transferred in exchange for the business combination. Contingent consideration meeting the criteria to be classified as equity in the consolidated balance sheets is not remeasured, and its subsequent settlement is recorded within stockholders' equity (deficit). Contingent consideration classified as a liability is remeasured to fair value at each reporting date until the contingency is resolved, with any changes in fair value recognized in the consolidated statements of operations.

 Intangible Assets

 Intangible assets with determinable economic lives are carried at cost, less accumulated amortization. The Company's intangible assets are largely acquired in business combinations and include customer relationships, developed technology, and trade names. Intangible assets are amortized over the shorter of the contractual life or the estimated useful life. Intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis.

 Estimated useful lives for intangible assets primarily consist of the following:

 Customer relationships - 15 years
 Developed technology - 5 or 7 years
 Trade name - 2 or 10 years

 Amortization of acquired developed technologies is included in cost of revenues, and amortization of acquired customer relationships and trade names is included in amortization of acquired intangibles in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.

 Management tests for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances occur that could impact the recoverability of these assets. This includes, but is not limited to, significant adverse changes in business climate, market conditions, or other events that indicate an asset's carrying amount may not be recoverable. Recoverability of these assets is measured by comparing the carrying amount of each asset to the future undiscounted cash flows the asset is expected to generate. If the undiscounted cash flows used in the test for recoverability are less than the carrying amount of these assets, the carrying amount of such assets is reduced to fair value. There were no impairments of intangible assets during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021.

 Goodwill

 Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price in a business combination over the fair value of net assets acquired. Goodwill is not amortized, but rather the carrying amounts of these assets are assessed for impairment at least annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of these assets may not be recoverable. The Company performs a quantitative goodwill assessment and determines the fair value of the reporting unit using a combination of an income approach, employing a discounted cash flow model, and a market approach. As the Company operates in a single reporting unit, the impairment test is performed at the consolidated entity level by comparing the estimated fair value of the Company to the carrying value of the Company. Goodwill impairment, if any, is evaluated by comparing the reporting unit's fair value to its carrying value. There was no goodwill impairment for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021.

 Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 In November 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures. ASU No. 2023-07 amended the existing segment reporting requirements by requiring disclosure of the significant segment expenses based on how management internally views segment information and by allowing the disclosure of more than one measure of segment profit or loss, as well as by expanding the interim period segment requirements. The ASU also requires single-reportable segment entities to report the disclosures required under ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting. ASU No. 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the updated standard will have on its financial statement disclosures.

 In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No 2023-09, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures" ("ASU 2023-09"). ASU 2023-09 expands disclosures in the rate reconciliation and requires disclosure of income taxes paid by jurisdiction. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. ASU 2023-09 should be applied prospectively; however, retrospective application is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact the updated standard will have on its financial statement disclosures.

 Note 3. Business Combination

 MK Decisioning Systems, LLC

 On September 10, 2021, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of MK for approximately $ 20 million in cash consideration due at closing subject to a $ 2 million holdback provision held in escrow with $ 1 million released at the 12 -month anniversary of close and the remainder to be released at the 18 -month anniversary of close. The Company also agreed to assume certain liabilities associated with MK's business. The integrated set of assets and activities acquired from MK through the acquisition meets the definition of a business under ASC 805, as updated by ASU 2017-01.

 In addition to the base purchase price, the MK acquisition also included a potential earn-out that is tied to revenue of MK from sales of its products and services within two 12 -month periods (the "First Earn-Out Period" and "Second Earn-Out Period"), with the First Earn-Out Period beginning on January 1, 2022 and ending on December 31, 2022 and the Second Earn-Out Period beginning on January 1, 2023 and ending on December 31, 2023. Pursuant to the terms and conditions set forth in the purchase agreement, the earn-out amount payable, if any, to the former owners, will be a maximum of $ 7.5 million and $ 17.5 million for the First Earn-Out Period and Second Earn-Out Period, respectively, contingent on achievement of certain revenue milestones. In certain circumstances within both Earn-Out Periods, the earn-out amounts are payable in a mix of cash and shares (based on a reference price of $ 35 and limited to $ 20 million in earn-out shares) of the Company's common stock, subject to the election of the former owners. Earn-out amounts, if any, would be payable no later than 170 days after the end of each Earn-Out Period.

 The Company classified the amounts held in escrow as restricted cash on the consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the contingent earn-out both upon acquisition and as of December 31, 2021 was $ 15.5 million, for which the balance was included in Other non-current liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. This initial estimated fair value was included as contingent consideration in the total purchase price. The Company remeasures the fair value of the contingent consideration on an ongoing basis and records the adjustment to the consolidated statements of operations. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the fair value of the contingent earn-out was zero.

 Assumptions used to estimate the fair value of contingent consideration include various financial metrics (revenue performance targets and stock price forecasts) and the probability of achieving the specific targets using a geometric binomial model. Based on the final purchase accounting, the Company estimated that approximately 62 % of the maximum $ 25 million contingent consideration would be paid to the seller in accordance with the terms of the purchase agreement. As of December 31, 2022, the Company determined that 0 % of the maximum $ 25 million contingent consideration would be paid to the seller in accordance with the terms of the purchase agreement, as a result of changes in the expected timing of new customer sales and implementations. The Company's determination has not changed as of December 31, 2023.

 Transaction costs included in the consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2021 were $ 0.5 million. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company had noncash investing activities of $ 17.5 million related to unpaid consideration and holdback for the acquisition of MK.

 Segmint Inc.

 On April 25, 2022, the Company consummated its previously announced merger with Segmint pursuant to the Agreement and Plan of Merger (the "Merger Agreement"), dated March 25, 2022 with Segmint surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company. Segmint operates a marketing analytics and messaging delivery platform with patented software that enables FIs and merchants to understand and leverage data, interact with customers and measure results.

 The aggregate consideration paid in exchange for all of the outstanding equity interests of Segmint was approximately $ 135.0 million (the "Merger Consideration"). A portion of the Merger Consideration of approximately $ 2.6 million was placed into escrow to secure certain post-closing indemnification obligations in the Merger Agreement.

 As of March 31, 2023, the allocation of the purchase price for Segmint had been finalized. The preliminary purchase price allocations were based upon the preliminary valuation of assets and liabilities. These estimates and assumptions were subject to change as the Company obtained additional information during the measurement period. The following table summarizes the fair value amounts recognized as of the acquisition date for each major class of asset acquired or liability assumed, as well as adjustments made during the measurement period:

 Preliminary Fair Value as of April 25, 2022
 Measurement Period Adjustments
 Adjusted Fair Value as of March 31, 2023

 Cash
 $
 —
 $
 $

 Trade accounts receivables
 1,788
 1,795

 Other current assets
 ( 8)

 Property and equipment
 —

 Goodwill
 99,310
 99,959

 Intangible assets
 35,400
 1,100
 36,500

 Total assets acquired
 $
 136,856
 $
 2,349
 $
 139,205

 Accounts payable
 $
 $
 ( 282)
 $

 Accrued liabilities

 Deferred revenues, current
 —

 Deferred tax liability
 —
 2,350
 2,350

 Other non-current liabilities
 —

 Total liabilities assumed
 1,726
 2,439
 4,165

 Net assets acquired
 $
 135,130
 $
 ( 90)
 $
 135,040

 Less cash acquired
 —
 ( 601)
 ( 601)

 Total cash consideration for acquisition, less cash acquired
 $
 135,130
 $
 ( 691)
 $
 134,439

 The measurement period adjustments were related to post-closing working capital adjustments, cash account amounts received as part of assets, revised estimates for intangible assets, and assumption of deferred tax liabilities.

 The table below outlines the purchased identifiable intangible assets:

 Weighted Average Amortization Period
 Total

 (in years)

 Customer relationships
 $
 15,200

 Developed technology
 20,600

 Trade names

 Total identifiable intangible assets
 $
 36,500

 Goodwill resulted from the acquisition as it is intended to augment and diversify the Company's single reportable segment and provide a complimentary solution to its existing platform offering. The Company accounted for the acquisition as a business combination. As a result of the acquisition of the stock of Segmint, the goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

 For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recognized $ 1.2 million related to the acquisition of Segmint. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company had noncash investing activities of $ 2.6 million related to funds held in escrow for the acquisition of Segmint.

 Note 4. Property and Equipment, Net

 Depreciation and amortization expense was $ 3.8 million, $ 3.0 million, and $ 2.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.

 Property and equipment, net, includes the following amounts at December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022:

 Useful Life
 December 31, 2023
 December 31, 2022

 Software
 2 to 5 years

 $
 $
 1,031

 Capitalized software development costs
 5 years

 12,263
 6,222

 Computers and equipment
 3 years
 6,359
 5,606

 Furniture and fixtures
 5 years
 3,988
 3,986

 Leasehold improvements
 3 to 10 years

 12,312
 11,715

 $
 35,842
 $
 28,560

 Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization
 ( 18,896)
 ( 14,999)

 Property and Equipment, net
 $
 16,946
 $
 13,561

 For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had non-cash investing activities of $ 0.8 million and $ 0.3 million, respectively, and none for the year ended December 31, 2021 for capitalized stock-based compensation related to capitalized software development costs. Additionally, the Company recognized stock-based compensation expense on the amortization of capitalized stock-based compensation associated with capitalized software development costs of $ 0.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 and none for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

 Note 5. Revenues and Deferred Costs

 The Company derives the majority of its revenues from recurring monthly subscription fees charged for the use of its software-as-a-service ("SaaS") subscription services. Subscription revenues are generally recognized as revenue over the term of the contract as a series of distinct SaaS services bundled into a single performance obligation. Clients are usually charged a one-time, upfront implementation fee and recurring annual and monthly access fees for the use of the online digital relationship banking solution. Implementation and integration of the digital banking platform is complex, and the Company has determined that the one-time, upfront services do not transfer a promised service to the client. As these services are not distinct, they are bundled into the SaaS series of services, and the associated fees are recognized on a straight-line basis over the subscription term. Other services includes professional services and custom development.

 The following table disaggregates the Company's revenue by major source for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021:

 2023
 2022
 2021

 SaaS subscription services
 $
 252,348
 $
 194,387
 $
 143,575

 Implementation services
 8,488
 6,941
 6,291

 Other services
 3,995
 2,942
 2,293

 Total revenues
 $
 $
 $
 152,159

 The Company recognized approximately $ 8.3 million of revenue during the year ended December 31, 2023 that was included in deferred revenue in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as of the beginning of the reporting period. For those contracts that were wholly or partially unsatisfied as of December 31, 2023, minimum contracted subscription revenues to be recognized in future periods total approximately $ 1.1 billion. The Company expects to recognize approximately 46.2 % of this amount as subscription services are transferred to customers over the next 24 months, an additional 34.6 % in the next 25 to 48 months, and the balance thereafter. This estimate does not include estimated consideration for excess user and transaction processing fees that the Company expects to earn under its subscription contracts.

 Contract assets totaled $ 1.5 million and $ 0.5 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, which are included in other assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

 Deferred Cost Recognition

 The Company capitalized $ 8.7 million, $ 8.3 million, and $ 4.0 million in deferred commissions costs during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, and recognized amortization of $ 3.8 million, $ 2.9 million, and $ 2.1 million during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. A portion of the increase in deferred commissions from 2021 to 2022 was driven by a change in the Company's commission plan in 2022, which eliminated a requisite service period condition and resulted in an increase in the portion of commissions that were capitalized. Amortization expense is included in sales and marketing expenses in the accompanying statements of operations. Deferred commissions are considered costs to obtain a contract and are included in deferred implementation costs in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets in the amount of $ 21.2 million and $ 16.2 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

 The Company capitalized implementation costs of $ 8.4 million, $ 6.9 million, and $ 6.1 million during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, and recognized amortization of $ 4.9 million, $ 3.9 million, and $ 3.0 million during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively. Amortization expense is included in cost of revenues in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. These deferred costs are considered costs to fulfill client contracts and are included in deferred implementation costs in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets in the amount of $ 19.8 million and $ 16.4 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

 The Company periodically reviews the carrying amount of deferred costs to determine whether events or changes in circumstances have occurred that could impact the period of benefit. No impairment loss was recognized in relation to these capitalized costs for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021.

 Note 6. Accounts Receivable

 Accounts receivable includes the following amount at December 31, 2023 and 2022:

 2023
 2022

 Trade accounts receivable
 $
 30,111
 $
 21,665

 Unbilled receivables
 5,975
 4,621

 Other receivables
 —

 Total receivables
 36,086
 27,033

 Allowance for credit losses
 ( 59)
 ( 467)

 Reserve for estimated credits
 ( 528)
 ( 320)

 $
 35,499
 $
 26,246

 The Company charged less than $ 0.1 million to credit loss expense for the year ended December 31, 2023 and relieved the allowance for

 credit losses balance in the amount of $ 0.4 million. The Company charged $ 0.1 million to credit loss expense for the year ended December 31, 2022.

 Note 7. Accrued Liabilities

 Accrued liabilities consisted of the following at December 31, 2023 and 2022:

 2023
 2022

 Bonus accrual
 $
 7,798
 $
 6,199

 Accrued vendor purchases
 1,496

 Commissions accrual
 2,026
 2,280

 Accrued hosting services

 Client refund liability

 Accrued consulting and professional fees

 Accrued tax liabilities
 1,166
 1,147

 MK and Segmint acquisition holdback provision
 —
 3,618

 ESPP liability

 Other accrued liabilities
 6,116
 4,790

 Total accrued liabilities
 $
 19,763
 $
 21,643

 Note 8. Debt

 On June 27, 2023, the Company entered into a First Amendment (the "First Amendment") to the Company's Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of April 29, 2022 (as amended by the First Amendment, the "Amended Credit Agreement"), with SVB, Comerica Bank, and Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce. The First Amendment provided for Citibank, N.A. to join as a new lender, increased the amount of the Revolving Facility (as defined below) commitment by $ 20.0 million and extended the maturity date of the Amended Credit Agreement to April 29, 2026, as well as other changes discussed below. The Amended Credit Agreement, inclusive of changes established by the First Amendment, includes the following, among other features:
 • Revolving Facility: The Amended Credit Agreement provides $ 60.0 million in aggregate commitments for secured revolving loans ("Revolving Facility"), of which there were no outstanding borrowings as of December 31, 2023.
 • Term Loan: A term loan of $ 85.0 million (the "Term Loan") was borrowed on April 29, 2022, the proceeds of which were used to replenish cash used to fund the acquisition of Segmint, which closed on April 25, 2022. On December 29, 2023, the Company paid the remaining outstanding principal balance of its term loan of $ 82.9 million. The Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of $ 0.4 million related to the payoff of the term loan, which was included in non-operating income (expense) within the consolidated statements of operations.
 • Accordion Feature: The Amended Credit Agreement also permits the Company, subject to certain conditions, to request additional revolving loan commitments in an aggregate principal amount of up to $ 50.0 million, of which there were no outstanding borrowings as of December 31, 2023.

 Revolving Facility loans under the Amended Credit Agreement may be voluntarily prepaid and re-borrowed. Principal payments on the Term Loan are due in quarterly installments equal to an initial amount of approximately $ 1.1 million, beginning on June 30, 2023 and continuing through March 31, 2024, and increasing to approximately $ 2.1 million beginning on June 30, 2024 through the Amended Credit Agreement maturity date. Once repaid or prepaid, the Term Loan may not be re-borrowed. Debt issuance costs paid for the execution of the Amended Credit Facility were $ 0.9 million, of which $ 0.1 million was included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and $ 0.2 million was included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Debt issuance costs paid for the execution of the First Amendment were $ 0.3 million, of which $ 0.1 million was included in prepaid expenses and other current assets and $ 0.1 million was included in other assets on the consolidated balance sheets. Upon the payoff of the Term Loan on December 29, 2023, debt issuance costs of $ 0.4 million were written off and recorded as a loss on extinguishment of debt which was included in non-operating income (expense) within the consolidated statements of operations.

 The First Amendment added additional covenants that begin each fiscal quarter ending on or after April 29, 2025 (the "Financial Covenant Trigger Date"). Before the Financial Covenant Trigger Date, borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement bear interest at a variable rate based upon the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (the "SOFR") plus a margin of 3.00 % to 3.50 % per annum depending on the applicable recurring revenue leverage ratio. After the Financial Covenant Trigger Date, borrowings under the Amended Credit Agreement bear interest at a variable rate based upon the SOFR plus a margin of 1.50 %, 2.00 %, 2.50 % or 3.00 % per annum depending on the applicable consolidated total leverage ratio. If the SOFR is ever less than 0 %, then the SOFR shall be deemed to be 0 %. The Amended Credit Agreement is subject to certain liquidity and operating covenants and includes customary representations and warranties, affirmative and negative covenants and events of default. The Company is required to pay a commitment fee of 0.25 % per annum on the undrawn portion available under the Revolving Facility and variable fees on outstanding letters of credit. The Company has a standby letter of credit in the amount of $ 0.3 million, which serves as security under the lease relating to the Company's office space that expires in 2033.

 Obligations under the Amended Credit Agreement are guaranteed by the Company's subsidiaries and secured by all or substantially all of the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries pursuant to an Amended and Restated Guarantee and Collateral Agreement.

 The Amended Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative and negative covenants. Before the Financial Covenant Trigger Date, the following covenants are applicable: (i) an annual recurring revenue growth covenant requiring the loan parties to have recurring revenues in any four consecutive fiscal quarter period in an amount that is 10 % greater than the recurring revenues for the corresponding four consecutive quarter period in the previous year; and (ii) a liquidity (defined as the aggregate amount of cash in bank accounts subject to a control agreement plus availability

 under the Revolving Facility) covenant, requiring the loan parties to have liquidity, tested on the last day of each calendar month, of $ 20.0 million or more. After the Financial Covenant Trigger Date, the existing annual recurring revenue growth and liquidity financial covenants are no longer applicable, and the following covenants take effect: (i) a consolidated total leverage ratio requiring the ratio, as calculated at the last day of such fiscal quarter for the period of 12 consecutive months then ending, to be less than 3.50:1.00; and (ii) a consolidated fixed charge ratio requiring the ratio, for any fiscal quarter ending as calculated at the last day of such fiscal quarter for the period of 12 consecutive months then ending, to be more than 1.25:1.00.

 The First Amendment also added, applicable beginning June 30, 2023, a free cash flow covenant requiring, as calculated at the last day of such fiscal quarter for the period of 12 consecutive months then ending, free cash flow to be not less than $( 75.0) million for the fiscal quarters ended June 30, 2023 and September 30, 2023, respectively, and $( 50.0) million for the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2023 and each fiscal quarter ending thereafter.

 The Amended Credit Agreement also contains customary events of default, which if they occur, could result in the termination of commitments under the Amended Credit Agreement, the declaration that all outstanding loans are immediately due and payable in whole or in part, and the requirement to maintain cash collateral deposits in respect of outstanding letters of credit. The Company was in compliance with all covenants as of December 31, 2023.

 On March 26, 2023, the FDIC announced that First-Citizens Bank & Trust Company would assume all of SVB's deposits and loans as of March 27, 2023. This resulted in no impact to the Company's consolidated financial statements or changes to the terms of the Amended Credit Agreement. See Note 2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Concentration of Credit Risk for additional information.

 Long-term Debt

 The following table summarizes long-term debt obligations as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (in thousands):

 December 31, 2023
 December 31, 2022

 Term Debt
 $
 —
 $
 85,000

 Less unamortized debt issuance costs
 —
 ( 420)

 Net amount
 —
 84,580

 Less current maturities of long-term debt
 —
 ( 3,188)

 Long-term portion
 $
 —
 $
 81,392

 Note 9. Stockholders' Equity

 In connection with its IPO, the Company's certificate of incorporation was amended and restated such that the total number of shares of common stock authorized to be issued was increased to 500,000,000 shares and the total number of shares of preferred stock authorized to be issued was reduced to 10,000,000 shares.

 Repurchase of Common Stock

 For the year ended December 31, 2021, former employees obtained a third-party offer for the purchase of shares of common stock held in the Company of 0.2 million. As the Company had the right of first refusal for the sale of these shares, the Company repurchased the shares for $ 3.5 million from the former employees at the price offered.

 Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock

 As of December 31, 2020, the Company was authorized to issue seven classes of stock: common stock, Series A redeemable convertible preferred stock, Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock, Series C redeemable convertible preferred stock, Series D redeemable convertible preferred stock, Series E redeemable convertible preferred stock and Series F redeemable convertible preferred stock. These preferred shares were classified as temporary equity within the Company's consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2020. Immediately prior to the effectiveness of the Company's registration statement relating to its IPO, the Company's outstanding shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock converted into an aggregate of 72,225,916 shares of common stock. With the proceeds from its IPO, the Company paid in full accumulated dividends on its previously outstanding shares of Series B redeemable convertible preferred stock, which totaled approximately $ 5.0 million. As of December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, there was no preferred stock issued or outstanding.

 Warrants

 In conjunction with financing arrangements with prior lenders, the Company issued warrants for the purchase of shares of the Company's redeemable convertible preferred stock. All of the Company's outstanding warrants exercisable for shares of redeemable convertible preferred stock converted into warrants exercisable for 212,408 shares of common stock and were classified as equity immediately prior to the effectiveness of the Company's registration statement relating to its IPO. All warrants were exercised for aggregate proceeds of $ 0.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2021.

 Equity Compensation Plans

 On February 25, 2021, the Board approved, subject to stockholder approval, which was obtained on March 23, 2021, the ESPP, pursuant to which employees would be able to purchase shares of the Company's common stock at a 15 % discount. The Board provided that the share reserve will be refreshed by an evergreen provision of 1 % of the Company's outstanding common stock on the last day of the prior year, or such lesser amount as the Board or its Compensation Committee may determine, which is effective the first day of the following fiscal year. As of December 31, 2023, the Company has reserved 3,205,790 shares of common stock for issuance under the ESPP and 2,337,881 shares remain available for future issuance.

 On February 25, 2021, the Board approved, subject to stockholder approval, which was obtained on March 23, 2021, the Company's 2021 Incentive Award Plan (the "2021 Plan"), pursuant to which incentive awards may be awarded to employees, directors and consultants. The 2021 Plan includes any shares underlying awards outstanding under the 2011 Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended (the "2011 Plan"). The Board provided that the share reserve will be refreshed by an evergreen provision of 5.0 % of the shares outstanding on the last day of the prior fiscal year or such lesser amount as determined by the Board, which is effective the first day of the following fiscal year. As of December 31, 2023, the Company has reserved 21,235,215 shares of common stock for issuance pursuant to awards under the 2021 Plan, and 12,783,931 shares remain available for future issuance.

 Stock Options

 A summary of option activity is as follows:

 Options Outstanding

 (in thousands except share and per share amounts)
 Number of shares
 Weighted average exercise price
 Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life
 Aggregate Intrinsic Value

 Balance, January 1, 2022
 8,148,853
 $
 7.14
 7.4
 $
 105,260

 —

 Exercised
 ( 1,135,346)
 2.11
 14,169

 ( 745,022)
 10.91
 3,176

 Balance, December 31, 2022
 6,268,485
 $
 7.61
 5.9
 $
 48,141

 —

 Exercised
 ( 2,244,170)
 5.79
 26,752

 ( 109,904)
 13.80

 Balance, December 31, 2023

 3,914,411
 $
 8.48
 6.0
 $
 62,295

 Exercisable at, December 31, 2023

 3,359,257
 $
 7.26
 5.9
 $
 57,449

 No options were granted for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. The fair value of options granted was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions for the year ended December 31, 2021: (i) expected term of 5.5 years, (ii) expected volatility of 36.3 %, (iii) risk-free interest rate 0.67 %, (iv) expected dividend yield of 0 % for all periods.

 The total fair value of stock options vested during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 was $ 4.5 million, $ 15.8 million, and $ 6.4 million, respectively.

 As of December 31, 2023, the total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to stock options was $ 3.8 million, net of forfeitures, which the Company expects to recognize over the next 1.1 years.

 Certain stock option grants provide the option holder the right to exercise their stock options before they vest. As of December 31, 2023 2022 and 2021, 0.2 million, 0.3 million, and 0.7 million options, respectively, were exercisable that were not yet vested by the option holder at a weighted average exercise price of $ 2.35, $ 2.46, and $ 3.37 per share, respectively.

 A summary of the status of non-vested options is as follows:

 Number of shares
 Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share

 Balance, January 1, 2021

 4,972,755
 $
 1.22

 2,811,098
 8.53

 ( 452,738)
 3.76

 ( 2,543,328)
 2.50

 Balance, December 31, 2021

 4,787,787
 6.10

 —

 ( 675,375)
 5.36

 ( 2,281,344)
 6.89

 Balance, December 31, 2022

 1,831,068
 5.36

 —

 ( 80,864)
 7.16

 ( 956,667)
 4.67

 Balance, December 31, 2023

 793,537
 $
 6.04

 All non-vested stock options issued as of the date of the option holder's termination will be forfeited, except for certain non-vested stock options granted to executive management that have special vesting provisions upon involuntary termination or resignation. The special provisions call for the accelerated vesting of a portion of the options granted to the employee under certain circumstances.

 On November 5, 2021, the Company entered into a separation agreement with the former Chief Executive Officer of the Company. The agreement resulted in a modification of the former employee's 438,783 outstanding stock options and 50,000 RSUs, which accelerated certain vesting, resulting in the recognition of $ 1.9 million of incremental stock-based compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2021. An additional $ 8.2 million of expense was recognized ratably over the remaining requisite service period, through December 31, 2022.

 Restricted Stock Units

 The Company's restricted stock units vest and settle upon the satisfaction of a service condition. The service condition for the awards is satisfied over generally three to four years.

 The total fair value of restricted stock units vested during the year ended December 31, 2023 was $ 49.9 million.

 Restricted stock unit activity was as follows:

 Number of Units
 Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share

 Nonvested as of January 1, 2022
 2,867,799
 $ 28.48

 5,771,008
 14.06

 ( 896,575)
 25.88

 ( 641,136)
 24.27

 Nonvested as of December 31, 2022
 7,101,096
 $ 17.45

 3,676,190
 16.12

 ( 2,832,027)
 17.29

 ( 639,816)
 17.33

 Nonvested as of December 31, 2023
 7,305,443
 $ 16.85

 As of December 31, 2023, the total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to RSUs was $ 95.3 million, net of forfeitures, which the Company expects to recognize over the next 2.5 years.

 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

 The first offering period commenced on May 15, 2021, and as of December 31, 2023, 867,909 shares have been issued under the ESPP with 421,690 shares issued during the year ended December 31, 2023.

 Stock-based compensation expense was included in the consolidated statements of operations as follows:

 2023
 2022
 2021

 Cost of revenues
 $
 5,584
 $
 4,389
 $
 1,973

 15,995
 11,398
 2,915

 7,220
 4,042
 1,028

 22,432
 24,763
 8,619

 Total stock-based compensation expenses
 $
 51,231
 $
 44,592
 $

 The amount of stock-based compensation capitalized as part of deferred implementation costs was $ 0.7 million and $ 0.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, and insignificant for the year ended December 31, 2021.

 Note 10. Income Taxes

 The components of the provision (benefit) for income taxes are as follows:

 2023
 2022
 2021

 Current:

 Federal
 $
 —
 $
 —
 $
 —

 State

 Total current

 Deferred:

 Federal
 ( 213)

 State
 ( 177)
 ( 477)

 Total deferred
 ( 32)
 ( 690)

 Total provision (benefit) for income taxes

 $
 $
 ( 461)
 $

 The provision (benefit) for income taxes results in effective rates that differ from the statutory rates. The following is a reconciliation of income tax expense (benefit) computed at the statutory federal income tax rate to the total tax expense (benefit) computed at the effective tax rate:

 2023
 2022
 2021

 Computed tax at federal statutory rate applied to pre-tax loss
 $
 ( 13,203)
 21.0
 %
 $
 ( 12,403)
 21.0
 %
 $
 ( 9,797)
 21.0
 %

 State income tax, net of federal tax benefit
 ( 2,567)
 4.1
 %
 ( 2,437)
 4.1
 %
 ( 3,927)
 8.4
 %

 ( 1,539)
 2.4
 %
 1,815
 ( 3.1)
 %
 ( 14,905)
 31.9
 %

 Other permanent differences, net
 ( 0.7)
 %
 ( 0.5)
 %
 ( 0.8)
 %

 Executive compensation
 2,970
 ( 4.7)
 %
 1,008
 ( 1.7)
 %
 ( 1.2)
 %

 Exercise of warrants
 —
 —
 %
 —
 —
 %
 1,162
 ( 2.5)
 %

 Return to provision adjustments
 ( 187)
 0.3
 %
 ( 54)
 0.1
 %
 ( 645)
 1.4
 %

 Other
 ( 41)
 —
 %
 ( 0.1)
 %
 ( 111)
 0.2
 %

 Change in valuation allowance
 14,142
 ( 22.5)
 %
 11,289
 ( 19.1)
 %
 27,429
 ( 58.8)
 %

 Total
 $
 ( 0.1)
 %
 $
 ( 461)
 0.7
 %
 $
 ( 0.4)
 %

 Significant components of the Company's net deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

 2023
 2022

 Deferred tax assets:

 Deferred revenue
 $
 6,412
 $
 5,631

 Accrued expenses
 2,122
 1,816

 3,404
 6,233

 Net operating loss carryforward (federal and state)
 76,267
 78,073

 Reserve for customer credits

 Capitalized research and development costs
 30,109
 14,312

 Lease liabilities
 4,828
 4,872

 Other

 Total deferred tax assets
 123,702
 111,511

 Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets
 ( 109,173)
 ( 96,256)

 Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance
 14,529
 15,255

 Deferred tax liabilities:

 Fixed assets
 ( 213)
 ( 459)

 Right-of-use assets
 ( 3,949)
 ( 3,670)

 Goodwill
 ( 4,347)
 ( 3,702)

 Intangible assets
 ( 6,183)
 ( 7,850)

 Deferred implementation costs
 ( 1,550)
 ( 1,286)

 Total deferred tax liabilities
 ( 16,242)
 ( 16,967)

 Deferred income tax liabilities, net of deferred tax assets
 $
 ( 1,713)
 $
 ( 1,712)

 At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had federal net operating loss carryforwards of $ 303.6 million and $ 316.9 million, respectively, of which $ 75.6 million and $ 92.3 million, respectively, is subject to limited carryforward periods and begin to expire in 2034. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company had various apportioned state net operating loss carryforwards of $ 211.3 million and $ 220.3 million, respectively, which are subject to varying carryforward periods that begin to expire in 2024. Additionally, the Company had $ 0.3 million of federal general business credit carryforwards as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, which begin to expire in 2035.

 The Company's ability to utilize net operating loss carryforwards and other tax attributes to reduce future federal taxable income is subject to potential limitations under Internal Revenue Code Section 382 ("Section 382") and Section 383 and its related tax regulations. The utilization of these attributes may be limited if certain ownership changes by 5% shareholders (as defined in Treasury regulations pursuant to Section 382) and the effects of stock issuances by the Company during any three-year period result in a cumulative change of more than 50% in the beneficial ownership of the Company. Upon completion of the 382 analysis related to the Segmint acquisition, the Company waived $ 8.9 million of time-constrained net operating loss carryforwards unutilizable due to Section 382 limitation in order to preserve stock basis in Segmint, pursuant to Treasury Regulation 1.1502-32(b)(4). At December 31, 2022, these net operating loss carryforwards were fully reserved with a valuation allowance. At December 31, 2023, $ 25.2 million of the Company's combined federal net operating loss carryforwards remain subject to the annual Section 382 utilization limitation, of which $ 10.5 million begin to expire in 2034. At December 31, 2023, $ 0.3 million of the Company's federal general business credit carryforwards are subject to Section 382 limitation, of which $ 0.2 million are expected to expire unutilized. Subsequent ownership changes may further impact the limitation in future years.

 The Company assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate whether sufficient future taxable income will be generated to permit the use of existing deferred tax assets. As part of the evaluation, the Company considered historical losses, future reversals of taxable temporary differences, the duration of statutory carryback and carryforward periods, and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. As a result, at December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company established a valuation allowance of $ 109.2 million and $ 96.3 million, respectively, for its net deferred tax assets as realization of the net deferred tax assets is not reasonably assured based upon a "more likely than not" threshold. The Company excluded the deferred tax liabilities related to certain indefinite-lived intangibles when calculating the valuation allowance, as these liabilities cannot be considered as a source of income when determining the realizability of the net definite-lived deferred tax assets. In addition to these indefinite-lived deferred tax liabilities, the Company also has indefinite-lived deferred tax assets which were considered as part of the Company's net deferred tax position. The valuation allowance increased by $ 12.9 million and $ 14.6 million during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The change in valuation allowance during the year ended December 31, 2023 includes a decrease of $ 1.9 million resulting from the waived time-constrained net operating loss carryforwards

 During the year ended December 31, 2022, the acquisition of Segmint resulted in the recognition of a net deferred tax liability of $ 2.3 million. See Note 3 for further information. Prior to the business combination, the Company had a full valuation allowance on its net deferred tax assets. The net deferred tax liability generated from the business combination is considered an additional source of income to support the realizability of the Company's pre-existing deferred tax assets. As a result, the Company released a portion of the pre-existing valuation allowance against the deferred tax assets and recorded a provisional deferred tax benefit of $ 2.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2022. A deferred tax expense of less than $ 0.1 million was recognized during the year ended December 31, 2023 to reflect the final allocation of the purchase price.

 The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and several state jurisdictions. With few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state or local income tax examinations by tax authorities for tax years before 2019. Operating losses generated in years prior to 2019 remain open to adjustment until the statute of limitations closes for the tax year in which the net operating losses are utilized. The tax years 2019 and forward remain open to examination by all the major taxing jurisdictions to which the Company is subject, though the Company is not currently under examination by any major taxing jurisdiction. The Company did not have any uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2023 and 2022. The Company's policy is to accrue interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as a component of income tax expense. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company did not recognize any interest or penalties.

 On August 17, 2022, President Biden signed into law the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022. The Inflation Reduction Act, among other things, includes provisions relating to the corporate alternative minimum tax and an excise tax on corporate stock buybacks. The Company does not expect there to be a material impact on its financial statements and will continue to assess in future periods.

 Note 11. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 The Company's financial instruments consist primarily of cash, restricted cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, accounts receivable, accounts payable, long-term debt, and contingent consideration. The carrying values of cash, restricted cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate their respective fair values due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The carrying value of long-term debt approximates its fair value due to the variable interest rate. Cash equivalents include amounts held in money market accounts that are measured at fair value using observable market prices. Marketable securities include debt securities that are measured at fair value using observable inputs. The Company values contingent consideration related to business combinations using a weighted probability calculation of potential payment scenarios discounted at rates reflective of the risks associated with the expected future cash flows. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of contingent consideration related to business acquisitions are forecasts of expected future annual revenues as developed by the Company's management and the probability of achievement of those revenue forecast. Significant increases (decreases) in these unobservable inputs in isolation would likely result in a significantly (lower) higher fair value measurement.

 The Company uses a three-tier fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value:

 Level 1. Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 Level 2. Significant other inputs that are directly or indirectly observable in the marketplace.

 Level 3. Significant unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.

 The Company evaluates its financial assets and liabilities subject to fair value measurements on a recurring basis to determine the appropriate level in which to classify them for each reporting period. The following table summarizes the Company's financial assets measured at fair value as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation:

 Fair Value at Reporting Date Using

 December 31, 2023
 Level 1
 Level 2
 Level 3

 Assets:

 Cash equivalents(1)

 $
 34,463
 $
 34,463
 $
 —
 $
 —

 Marketable securities:

 Corporate bonds
 16,206
 —
 16,206
 —

 Commercial paper
 7,279
 —
 7,279
 —

 U.S. government-sponsored enterprise securities
 3,500
 —
 3,500

 U.S. Treasury debt securities
 22,067
 22,067
 —
 —

 International debt securities
 2,144
 —
 2,144
 —

 Total marketable securities
 51,196
 22,067
 29,129
 —

 Total Assets
 $
 85,659
 $
 56,530
 $
 29,129
 $
 —

 (1) Includes insured cash sweep account, cash sweep account, money market account, and money market funds that have investments primarily in U.S. Government Agency debt, U.S. Treasury debt, U.S. Treasury Repurchase Agreements, U.S. Government Agency Repurchase Agreements, and corporate bonds that have a maturity of three months or less from the original acquisition date.

 Fair Value at Reporting Date Using

 December 31, 2022
 Level 1
 Level 2
 Level 3

 Assets:

 Cash equivalents(1)

 $
 28,173
 $
 28,173
 $
 —
 $
 —

 Marketable securities:

 Corporate bonds
 26,037
 —
 26,037
 —

 Commercial paper
 36,407
 —
 36,407
 —

 U.S. Treasury debt securities
 22,731
 22,731
 —
 —

 International debt securities
 2,460
 2,460
 —
 —

 Total marketable securities
 87,635
 25,191
 62,444
 —

 Total Assets
 $
 115,808
 $
 53,364
 $
 62,444
 $
 —

 (1) Includes cash sweep account, money market account, and money market funds that have investments primarily in U.S. Government Agency debt, U.S. Treasury debt, U.S. Treasury Repurchase Agreements, U.S. Government Agency Repurchase Agreements, and corporate bonds that have a maturity of three months or less from the original acquisition date.

 Note 12. Earnings Per Share

 Net loss attributable to common stockholders used in computing basic and diluted earnings per share ("EPS") has been calculated as the net loss less Series B cumulative dividends and other adjustments to redeemable convertible preferred stock of $ 0, $ 0, and $ 0.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, 2021, respectively. All of the Company's outstanding series of redeemable convertible preferred stock are considered to be participating securities. The holders of the Company's redeemable convertible preferred stock do not have a contractual obligation to share in the Company's losses; therefore, no amount of total undistributed loss is allocated to redeemable convertible preferred stock.

 Basic net loss per share attributable to common stockholders is computed by dividing net loss attributable to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Because the Company has reported a net loss for 2023, 2022, and 2021, the number of shares used to calculate diluted net loss per share of common stock attributable to common stockholders is the same as the number of shares used to calculate basic net loss per share of common stock attributable to common stockholders for the period presented because the potentially dilutive shares would have been antidilutive if included in the calculation.

 The computation of basic and diluted EPS is as follows for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021:

 (in thousands, except shares and per share amounts)
 2023
 2022
 2021

 $
 $
 $

 Less: cumulative dividends and adjustments to redeemable convertible preferred stock

 —
 —
 ( 277)

 Net loss attributable to common stockholders
 $
 $
 $
 ( 47,099)

 Weighted average shares of common stock outstanding - basic and diluted
 94,080,797
 90,956,521
 64,510,456

 Loss per common share - basic and diluted
 $
 ( 0.67)
 $
 ( 0.64)
 $
 ( 0.73)

 For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, the following potential shares were excluded from diluted EPS as the Company had a net loss in each period presented:

 2023
 2022
 2021

 Stock options
 3,914,768
 6,268,485
 8,148,853

 RSUs
 7,305,443
 7,101,096
 2,867,799

 ESPP
 31,240
 48,923
 44,169

 Total anti-dilutive common share equivalents
 11,251,451
 13,418,504
 11,060,821

 Note 13. Commitments and Contingencies

 Contractual Commitments

 The Company has non-cancelable contractual commitments related to third-party products, hosting services and other service costs. The Company is party to several purchase commitments for third-party services that contain both a contractual minimum obligation and a variable obligation based upon usage or other factors which can change on a monthly basis. At December 31, 2023, the Company had approximately $ 23.8 million of purchase obligations in the next 12 months.

 Legal Proceedings

 The Company may become party to various legal actions during the ordinary course of business. Defending such proceedings is costly and can impose a significant burden on management and employees, it may receive unfavorable preliminary or interim rulings during litigation, and there can be no assurances that favorable final outcomes will be obtained. In addition, the Company's industry is characterized by the existence of a large number of patents, copyrights, trademarks, trade secrets and other intellectual property and proprietary rights. Companies in our industry are often required to defend against litigation claims based on allegations of infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights. Furthermore, client agreements typically require the Company to indemnify clients against liabilities incurred in connection with claims alleging its solutions infringe the intellectual property rights of a third party. From time to time, the Company has been involved in disputes related to patent and other intellectual property rights of third parties, none of which has resulted in material liabilities. The Company expects these types of disputes may continue to arise in the future. Based upon present information, the Company believes that its liability, if any, arising from such pending legal proceedings, asserted legal claims and known potential legal claims which are likely to be asserted, is not reasonably likely to be material to the Company's financial position, results of operations, or cash flows, taking into account established accruals for estimated liabilities.

 Note 14. Leases

 The Company leases office space under non-cancellable operating leases for its corporate headquarters in Plano, Texas pursuant to a 10 -year lease agreement under which the Company leases approximately 125,468 square feet of office space with an initial term that expired on August 31, 2028, with the option to extend the lease for either two additional terms of five years each or one additional term of 10 years. Renewal options were not included in the ROU asset and lease liability calculation. The Company elected the practical expedient to not provide comparable presentation for periods prior to adoption.

 On September 5, 2023, the Company entered into an amendment to its office lease, which, among other things, reduces the leased space in Plano, Texas from approximately 125,468 square feet to 83,939 square feet, effective December 31, 2023, and also extends the term for the remaining reduced leased space to August 31, 2033. The Company determined that the amendment would be treated as a lease modification. The modification resulted in a remeasurement of the operating lease ROU asset and lease liability, and the effect was an increase to the ROU asset and lease liability of $ 3.1 million and $ 2.7 million, respectively. In addition, the Company recorded a gain on lease modification of $ 0.4 million, which was included in general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operation.

 Operating lease expense consisted of:

 2023
 2022

 Operating lease expense

 $
 2,984
 $
 3,137

 Short term lease expense and other(1)

 1,165

 Total lease expense

 $
 3,944
 $
 4,302

 (1) Other lease expense includes variable lease expense, sublease income, and gain on lease modification.

 Operating rent expense was $ 4.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2021. The Company elected the practical expedient to not provide comparable presentation for periods prior to adoption.

 Supplemental lease information

 Cash flow information (in thousands)

 2023
 2022

 Cash paid for operating lease liabilities

 $
 3,907
 $
 3,710

 Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations(1)

 $
 —
 $
 16,918

 Non-cash adjustment to operating lease right-of-use assets from lease modification(2)

 $
 3,108
 $
 —

 (1)For the year ended December 31, 2022, right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations is related to the Company's adoption of ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842).

 (2)For the year ended December 31, 2023, includes increase of $ 8.0 million related to the extension of lease to 2033 for the remaining leased space, net of a $ 4.9 million decrease related to the reduction of the leased space effective December 31, 2023.

 Operating lease information

 Year ended December 31, 2023

 Weighted-average remaining lease term

 9.5 years

 Weighted-average discount rate

 7.6
 %

 The future maturities of operating lease liabilities are as follows:

 December 31, 2023

 2024
 $
 2,659

 2025
 2,701

 2026
 2,614

 2027
 2,613

 2028
 2,776

 Thereafter
 14,981

 Total minimum lease payments
 28,344

 Less: present value discount
 ( 9,087)

 Total lease liability balance
 $
 19,257

 Note 15. Employee Benefit Plan

 The Company sponsors a 401(k) savings plan that covers substantially all employees who have attained 21 years of age. Employees can defer a portion of their annual gross compensation up to limits established by the Internal Revenue Code. The Company currently matches employee contributions at 25 % of employee contributions up to 8 % of salary. Matching contributions vest based on the employees tenure with the Company. Contributions for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021 were $ 1.9 million, $ 1.5 million, and $ 1.2 million, respectively.

 Note 16. Goodwill and Other Intangibles

 Goodwill and intangible assets deemed to have an indefinite life are not amortized, but are reviewed annually for impairment of value or when indicators of a potential impairment are present. As part of the Company's business planning cycle, the Company performs an annual goodwill impairment test in the fourth quarter of the fiscal year. There were no indications of impairment of goodwill or intangibles noted for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022. Goodwill has a carrying value of $ 148.1 million and $ 148.0 million as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

 Total intangibles, net, consisted of the following as of December 31, 2023 and 2022:

 As of December 31, 2023

 Carrying Value
 Accumulated Amortization
 Net Carrying Value

 Finite-lived:

 Customer Relationships
 $
 20,470
 $
 ( 2,820)
 $
 17,650

 Developed Technology
 27,700
 ( 10,151)
 17,549

 Tradenames
 ( 167)

 Subtotal amortizable intangible assets
 48,920
 ( 13,138)
 35,782

 Website domain name
 —

 Total intangible assets
 $
 48,945
 $
 ( 13,138)
 $
 35,807

 As of December 31, 2022

 Carrying Value
 Accumulated Amortization
 Net Carrying Value

 Finite-lived:

 Customer Relationships
 $
 20,470
 $
 ( 1,455)
 $
 19,015

 Developed Technology
 27,700
 ( 4,800)
 22,900

 Tradenames
 ( 97)

 Subtotal amortizable intangible assets
 48,920
 ( 6,352)
 42,568

 Website domain name
 —

 Total intangible assets
 $
 48,945
 $
 ( 6,352)
 $
 42,593

 Amortization expense recognized on intangible assets was $ 6.8 million, $ 5.1 million, and $ 1.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively.

 The following table shows the estimated annual amortization expense of the definite-lived intangible assets for the next five years and thereafter (in thousands):

 2024
 6,786

 2025
 6,786

 2026
 6,554

 2027
 3,162

 2028
 1,435

 Thereafter
 11,059

 $
 35,782

 Note 17. Related Party Transactions

 For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022, and 2021, CU Cooperative Systems, Inc. ("CU Cooperative"), a vendor, was paid fees of $ 6.2 million, $ 4.4 million, and $ 4.4 million, respectively, which relates to services resold to the Company's clients. As of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 the Company had $ 0.3 million due to CU Cooperative included in accounts payable. Mr. Todd Clark, who served as President and Chief Executive Officer of CU Cooperative from 2016 to 2023, is a member of the Board and was designated to serve as a member of the Board by CU Cooperative.

 Note 18. Subsequent Events

 Pursuant to the terms of the annual evergreen provision in the 2021 Plan, effective January 1, 2024, the number of shares issuable thereunder automatically increased by 4,836,105 shares for a new total of 17,620,036 shares available for issuance. The Board limited the effect of the evergreen provision in the ESPP, and, effective January 1, 2024, the number of shares issuable thereunder increased by 500,000 shares for a new total of 2,837,881 shares available for issuance.

 Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.

 None.

 Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.

 Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 Disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to the company's management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Our management, with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures at December 31, 2023, the last day of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Based on this evaluation, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that, at December 31, 2023, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

 Management's Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in the Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our evaluation under the framework in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013), our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2023.

 Our independent registered accounting firm will not be required to opine on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 until we no longer qualify as an "emerging growth company."

 Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 There was no change in our internal control over financial reporting, identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) under the Exchange Act, that occurred during the three months ended December 31, 2023 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 Item 9B. Other Information.

 Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans

 On December 13, 2023, Stephen Bohanon, our Chief Strategy Officer, adopted a trading plan intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Subject to certain conditions, the trading plan provides for the sale of up to 146,685 shares of our common stock (less shares withheld by the Company for the payment of taxes) through February 28, 2025, for a duration of 443 days.

 Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections.

 Not Applicable.

 Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.

 The information required by this Item 10 will be contained in our definitive proxy statement to be filed with the SEC in connection with our 2024 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the "Proxy Statement"), which is expected to be filed not later than 120 days after the end of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, and is incorporated herein by reference.

 Item 11. Executive Compensation.

 The information required by this Item 11 will be set forth in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

 Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.

 The information required by this Item 12 will be set forth in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

 Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

 The information required by this Item 13 will be set forth in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

 Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.

 The information required by this Item 14 will be set forth in the Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference.

 Item 15. Exhibit and Financial Statement Schedules.

 (a)

 1. Financial Statements.

 See the Index to the Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, which is incorporated into this item by reference.

 2. Financial Statement Schedules.

 No financial statement schedules have been submitted because they are not required or are not applicable or because the information required is included in the financial statements or the notes thereto.

 3. List of Exhibits.

 See the Exhibit Index in Item 15(b) below, which is incorporated into this item by reference.

 (b)

 The exhibits listed in the following "Exhibit Index" are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 EXHIBIT INDEX

 Incorporated by Reference

 Exhibit
 Description
 File No.
 Form
 Exhibit
 Filing Date
 Filed Herewith

 2.1*
 Asset Purchase Agreement, dated September 10, 2021, among Alkami Technology, Inc., MK Decisioning Systems, LLC., and individuals named therein

 2.1
 9/13/2021

 2.2*
 Merger Agreement, dated March 25, 2022, among Alkami Technology, Inc., Segmint Inc. and the other parties thereto.

 2.1
 3/28/2022

 3.1
 Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Alkami Technology, Inc.

 3.1
 4/16/2021

 3.2
 Amended and Restated Bylaws of Alkami Technology, Inc.

 3.2
 4/16/2021

 4.1
 Form of Specimen Stock Certificate evidencing the shares of common stock.

 S-1
 4.1

 4.2
 Fourth Amended and Restated Investors' Rights Agreement, by and among Alkami Technology, Inc. and the investors listed therein, dated as of September 24, 2020.

 S-1
 4.2

 4.3
 Description of the Registrant's Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

 4.10
 2/25/2022

 10.1
 Amended and Restated Office Lease by and between Granite Park III, Ltd and Alkami Technology, Inc., dated as of September 6, 2017.

 S-1
 10.1

 10.2
 First Amendment to Amended and Restated Office Lease by and between Granite Park III, Ltd and Alkami Technology, Inc., dated as of June 29, 2018.

 S-1
 10.2

 10.3
 Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Office Lease by and between Granite Park III, Ltd and Alkami Technology, Inc., dated as of November 8, 2018.

 S-1
 10.3

 10.4
 Third Amendment to Amended and Restated Office Lease by and between Granite Park NM/GP III LP, as successor in interest to Granite Park III, Ltd and Alkami Technology, Inc., dated as of January 7, 2019.

 S-1
 10.4

 10.5
 Fourth Amendment to Amended and Restated Office Lease by and between Granite Park NM/GP III LP, as successor in interest to Granite Park III, Ltd and Alkami Technology, Inc., dated as of December 27, 2019.

 S-1
 10.5

 10.6
 Fifth Amendment to Amended and Restated Office Lease by and between Granite Park NM/GP III LP, as successor in interest to Granite Park III, Ltd and Alkami Technology, Inc., dated as of November 3, 2020.

 S-1
 10.6

 10.7
 Bill Pay Service Reseller Agreement by and between CO-OP eCom, LLC and Alkami Technology, Inc., dated as of June 28, 2013.

 S-1
 10.9

 10.8
 First Amendment to Bill Pay Service Reseller Agreement by and between CO-OP eCom, LLC and Alkami Technology, Inc., dated as of May 19, 2015.

 S-1
 10.10

 10.9
 Second Amendment to Bill Pay Service Reseller Agreement by and between CO-OP eCom, LLC and Alkami Technology, Inc., dated as of February 11, 2016.

 S-1
 10.11

 10.10
 Third Amendment to Bill Pay Service Reseller Agreement by and between CO-OP eCom, LLC and Alkami Technology, Inc., dated as of March 7, 2017.

 S-1
 10.12

 10.11
 Fourth Amendment to Bill Pay Service Reseller Referral Agreement by and between Alkami Technology, Inc. and CU Cooperative Systems, Inc., dated as of September 14, 2019.

 S-1
 10.13

 10.12
 Fifth Amendment to Bill Pay Service Reseller Agreement by and between Alkami Technology, Inc. and CU Cooperative Systems, Inc., dated as of June 1, 2020.

 S-1
 10.14

 10.13
 Sixth Amendment to Bill Pay Service Reseller Agreement by and between Alkami Technology, Inc. and CU Cooperative Systems, Inc., dated as of December 30, 2022.

 10.1
 1/3/2023

 10.14#
 Alkami Technology, Inc. 2011 Long-Term Incentive Plan.

 S-1
 10.15

 10.15#
 Alkami Technology, Inc. 2021 Incentive Award Plan.

 S-1
 10.16

 10.16#
 Form of Stock Option Grant Notice and Stock Option Agreement under the 2021 Incentive Award Plan.

 S-1
 10.17

 10.17#
 Form of Restricted Stock Award Grant Notice and Restricted Stock Award Agreement under the 2021 Incentive Award Plan.

 S-1
 10.18

 10.18#
 Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Grant Notice and Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2021 Incentive Award Plan.

 S-1
 10.19

 10.19#
 Alkami Technology, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan.

 S-1
 10.20

 10.20#
 Amended & Restated Executive Employment Agreement, by and between Alkami Technology, Inc. and Stephen Bohanon.

 S-1/A
 10.21
 4/5/2021

 10.21#
 Amended & Restated Executive Employment Agreement, by and between Alkami Technology, Inc. and Bryan Hill.

 S-1/A
 10.23
 4/5/2021

 10.22#
 Amended & Restated Executive Employment Agreement, by and between Alkami Technology, Inc. and Douglas A. Linebarger.

 S-1/A
 10.24
 4/5/2021

 10.23#
 Form of Indemnification Agreement for directors and officers.

 S-1/A
 10.25
 4/5/2021

 10.24#
 Non-Employee Director Compensation Program.

 S-1/A
 10.26

 10.25#
 Senior Executive Bonus Plan

 10.1
 8/5/2021

 10.26#
 Employment Agreement, effective November 5, 2021, by and between Alkami Technology, Inc. and Alex Shootman

 10.1
 11/4/2021

 10.27
 Amended and Restated Guarantee and Collateral Agreement, among Alkami Technology, Inc. as the Borrower, the other Grantors referred to therein, and Silicon Valley Bank, as Administrative Agent, dated as of April 29, 2022.

 10.1
 5/2/2022

 10.28*
 First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, among Alkami Technology, Inc., as the Borrower, the Several Lenders from time to time party thereto and Silicon Valley Bank, as Administrative Agent, Issuing Lender and Swingline Lender, dated as of June 27, 2023.

 10.1
 6/28/2023

 10.29
 Sixth Amendment to Amended and Restated Office Lease, dated as of September 5, 2023.

 10.1
 9/06/2023

 21.1
 List of Subsidiaries of the Registrant

 X

 23.1
 Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 X

 24.1
 Power of Attorney, pursuant to which amendments to this Form 10-K may be filed (included on the signature page contained in Part IV of the Form 10-K).

 X

 31.1
 Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

 X

 31.2
 Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

 X

 32.1**
 Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

 X

 32.2**
 Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

 X

 97.1
 Alkami Technology, Inc. Policy for Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation

 X

 101.INS

 101.SCH

 101.CAL

 101.DEF

 101.LAB

 101.PRE

 *Certain schedules and exhibits have been omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K. The Company will supplementally furnish copies of omitted schedules and exhibits to the SEC or its staff upon its request. Certain confidential portions of this Exhibit, marked by brackets and asterisks ([***]), have been omitted because the confidential omitted information is both (i) not material and (ii) information that the registrant customarily and actually treats as private or confidential.

 # Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan.

 Certain portions of this document that constitute confidential information have been redacted in accordance with Regulation S-K, Item 601(b)(10)(iv).

 ** The certifications attached as Exhibit 32.1 and Exhibit 32.2 that accompany this Annual Report on Form 10-K are deemed furnished and not filed with the SEC and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Company under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act whether made before or after the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, irrespective of any general incorporation language contained in such filing.

 Item 16. Form 10-K Summary.

 None.

 SIGNATURES

 Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 (Registrant)

 Date:
 By:
 /s/ Alex Shootman

 Alex Shootman

 Chief Executive Officer

 POWER OF ATTORNEY
 KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints W. Bryan Hill and Doug Linebarger, and each of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this report, and to file the same with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and any other regulatory authority, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents or any of them, or their substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 Signature
 Title
 Date

 /s/ Alex Shootman
 Chief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)

 Alex Shootman

 /s/ W. Bryan Hill
 Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

 W. Bryan Hill

 /s/ Kristy Ramundi
 Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)

 Kristy Ramundi

 /s/ Brian R. Smith
 Director and Chairperson

 Brian R. Smith

 /s/ Maria I. Alvarez

 Maria I. Alvarez

 /s/ Todd Clark

 Todd Clark

 /s/ Charles Kane

 Charles Kane

 /s/ Steve Mitchell

 Steve Mitchell

 /s/ Gary Nelson

 Gary Nelson

 /s/ Raph Osnoss

 Raph Osnoss

 /s/ Barbara Yastine

 Barbara Yastine