UNITED STATES
 SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
 Washington, D.C. 20549
 FORM 10-K
 x ANNUAL REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 For the Fiscal year ended December 31, 2024
 OR
 TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 For the transition period from _________ to __________
 Commission File Number 333-207889
 GROWGENERATION CORP.
 (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 Colorado
 46-5008129

 (State or Other Jurisdiction of
Incorporation or Organization)
 (I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

 5619 DTC Parkway, Suite 900
 Greenwood Village, Colorado

 80111

 (Address of Principal Executive Offices)
 (Zip Code)

 ( 800) 935-8420
 (Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act:

 Title of each class
 Trading symbol
 Name of each exchange on which registered

 Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share
 GRWG
 The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act: None
 Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes No x
 Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes No x
 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No
 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No
 Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 Large accelerated filer

 Smaller reporting company
 x

 Accelerated filer
 x
 Emerging Growth Company

 Non-accelerated filer

 If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. Yes x No
 If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.
 Indicate by check mark whether any corrections of an error to previously issued financial statements are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b).
 Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes No x
 State the aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of June 30, 2024: $ 120,243,772.
 As of March 10, 2025, the Company had 59,458,017 shares of its common stock issued and outstanding, par value $0.001 per share.
 Document Incorporated by Reference
 Portions of a Definitive Proxy Statement for the registrant's 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after the close of the fiscal year covered by this Form 10-K, are incorporated into Part III of this Form 10-K.

 Page

 Item 1.

 Business

 Item 1A.

 Risk Factors

 Item 1B.

 Unresolved Staff Comments

 Item 1C.

 Cybersecurity

 Item 2.

 Properties

 Item 3.

 Legal Proceedings

 Item 4.

 Mine Safety Disclosures

 Item 5.

 Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 Item 6.

 Selected Financial Data

 Item 7.

 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 Item 7A.

 Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

 Item 8.

 Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 F- 1

 Item 9.

 Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

 Item 9A.

 Controls and Procedures

 Item 9B.

 Other Information

 Item 10.

 Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

 Item 11.

 Executive Compensation

 Item 12.

 Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

 Item 13.

 Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

 Item 14.

 Principal Accountant Fees and Services

 Item 15.

 Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

 Signatures

 i

 Forward-Looking Information

 This Annual Report of GrowGeneration Corp. on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, which are subject to risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements generally can be identified through the use of words such as "guidance," "outlook," "projected," "may," "likely," "anticipates," "believes," "expects," "estimates," "plans," "intends," "objectives," and similar expressions. These statements reflect management's best judgment based on factors known at the time of such statements. Actual events or results may differ materially from those discussed herein. The forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K have been compiled by our management on the basis of assumptions made by management and considered by management to be reasonable. Our future operating results, however, are impossible to predict and no representation, guaranty, or warranty is to be inferred from those forward-looking statements. The assumptions used for purposes of the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K represent estimates of future events and are subject to uncertainty as to possible changes in economic, legislative, industry, and other circumstances. As a result, the identification and interpretation of data and other information and their use in developing and selecting assumptions from and among reasonable alternatives require the exercise of judgment. To the extent that the assumed events do not occur, the outcome may vary substantially from anticipated or projected results, and, accordingly, no opinion is expressed on the achievability of those forward-looking statements. No assurance can be given that any of the assumptions relating to the forward-looking statements specified in the following information are accurate, and we assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements, except as required by federal securities laws. There may be additional risks, uncertainties, and other factors that we do not currently view as material or that are not necessarily known.
 Use of Certain Terms
 Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms "Company", "we", "our", "ours" "us" and "GrowGeneration" as used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K refer to GrowGeneration Corp. and its subsidiaries, including GrowGeneration USA, Inc., GrowGeneration Canada Corp., GrowGeneration Proprietary Brands, Inc., and GGen Distribution Corp., on a combined basis.
 Public Announcements
 We may announce material business and financial information to our investors using our investor relations website ( We therefore encourage investors and others interested in GrowGeneration to review the information that we make available on our website, in addition to following our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"), webcasts, press releases, and conference calls.
 We file annual, quarterly, and current reports, proxy statements, and other information with the SEC electronically through the SEC's Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval ("EDGAR") system. The SEC maintains a website, www.sec.gov, that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding companies that file electronically with the SEC through EDGAR, which are available free of charge.

 We also make available free of charge through our investor relations website our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. We are not, however, including any information contained on our website, or information that may be accessed through links on our website, as part of, or incorporating such information by reference into, this report.

 ITEM 1. BUSINESS
 BACKGROUND
 GrowGeneration Corp. (together with all of its direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries, collectively "GrowGeneration" or the "Company") was incorporated in Colorado in 2014. Since then, GrowGeneration has grown from a small chain of specialty retail hydroponic and organic garden centers to a multifaceted business with diverse assets. Today, GrowGeneration operates two major lines of business: our Cultivation and Gardening segment, composed of our hydroponic and organic gardening business; and our Storage Solutions segment, composed of our benching, racking, and storage solutions business.

 BUSINESS SEGMENTS
 We have two operating segments, each its own reportable segment, based on our major lines of business: the Cultivation and Gardening segment and the Storage Solutions segment. Refer to Note 15, Segments, of the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K ("Consolidated Financial Statements") for additional information regarding our reportable segments.
 GrowGeneration is a leading developer, marketer, retailer, and distributor of products for both indoor and outdoor hydroponic and organic gardening. We are dedicated to providing best-in-class selection, service, and solutions to all types of cultivators.
 Our main business strategy has been to consolidate assets within the fragmented hydroponics industry to leverage efficiencies of a centralized organization. As a result, we have built a business that is driven by a wide selection of products, a strong portfolio of proprietary brands, a solutions-driven staff located in strategic markets around the country, and pick, pack, ship distribution and fulfillment capabilities.
 GrowGeneration carries and sells thousands of products, including nutrients, additives, growing media, lighting, environmental control systems, and other products for indoor and outdoor cultivation. Our products are capable of growing and maximizing yield and quality of a wide range of plants, from fruits and vegetables in backyards to cannabis and hemp in state-of-the-art commercial cultivation facilities. Our products include proprietary brands such as Charcoir, Drip Hydro, Power Si, Ion lights, The Harvest Company, and more, the development and expansion of which are a key component of our growth strategy.
 We make our products available to growers through a variety of channels, including hydroponic retail locations, a commercial sales teams serving commercial cultivators, a wholesale distribution business that markets to resellers in both the hydroponic and traditional gardening markets, and an online platform at growgeneration.com, which includes a B2B customer portal for commercial and wholesale customers. Management believes that the Company has the largest chain of specialty retail hydroponic and organic garden centers in the U.S., with 31 retail locations across 12 states as of December 31, 2024. The total physical footprint of our Cultivation and Gardening business spans over 724,000 square feet of retail and warehouse space, with garden centers and distribution and fulfillment centers strategically located throughout the U.S. to deliver product and service to customers quickly and efficiently.
 Our Storage Solutions business, branded as "Mobile Media" or "MMI," provides customized storage solutions designed to enhance profitability, productivity, and efficiency for our customers by allowing them to save space and increase storage capacity. We cater to diverse markets with our products and services, including agriculture, retail, warehousing, office and administrative, food service, hospitality, golf and country clubs, and more. Our products include high-density mobile storage systems, static shelving, and other accessories such as desks, lockers, safes, and secured storage, offering a solution for every storage need. MMI also offers a wide variety of services, including site surveys, floor plan designs, capacity analysis, seismic calculations, permitting, and installation, in order to provide a comprehensive, turnkey solution for customers. Based in the Hudson Valley, New York, the MMI team has decades of experience successfully completing projects throughout the U.S., Canada, and Mexico.
 MARKETS
 Hydroponics and Gardening
 Hydroponics is a specialized method of growing plants using mineral nutrient solutions in a water solvent, as opposed to soil. This method is typically used for indoor cultivation to allow growers to better regulate and control growing conditions, including nutrient delivery, light, air, water, humidity, pests, and temperature. Hydroponic growers benefit from these techniques by producing crops faster and with higher yields and quality as compared to traditional soil-based growers.
 Controlled-environment agriculture ("CEA") is a technology-based approach to maintain optimal growing conditions throughout the development of a crop. Production takes place within an enclosed growing structure, such as a greenhouse or building, which can produce crops regardless of the season or weather conditions in a controlled environment with increased yield and quality compared to traditional outdoor growers. Plants are often grown

 using hydroponic methods in order to supply precise amounts of water and nutrients to the root zone. CEA optimizes the use of resources such as water, energy, space, capital, and labor.
 Indoor growing techniques and hydroponic products are being utilized in new and emerging industries or segments, including the growing of cannabis and hemp. The products we sell and the expert knowledge we provide are in demand due to the ever-increasing legalization of plant-based medicines, primarily cannabis and hemp, and the increasing number of licensed cultivation facilities. When commercial customers gain new cultivation licenses, they need lighting, benching, environmental control systems, irrigation, fertigation, and other products to outfit their facilities. Existing facilities also need consumable products for operations, as well as equipment updates from time to time. Commercial customers typically purchase large dollar amounts and sizes of products. Vertical farms producing organic fruits and vegetables also utilize hydroponics due to a rising shortage of farmland and environmental vulnerabilities, including drought, severe weather conditions, and pests.
 Our target customers include commercial, craft, and home growers, in the plant-based medicine market, and commercial and home gardeners that cultivate organic herbs, fruits, and vegetables. Our proprietary brand, The Harvest Company, is specifically targeted towards customers who grow organic herbs, fruits, and vegetables. Additionally, through our wholesale division, we distribute our proprietary products to wholesalers, resellers, and retailers in the specialty retail hydroponic and organic gardening industry, and we intend to expand such distribution to the traditional gardening industry in the near future.
 Target customers for our Storage Solutions segment generally include small, mid-size, and large businesses in need of vertical space-saving solutions. The majority of our customers seek a design that is custom tailored to their space and brand in an effort to maximize storage capacity or gain space in their real estate footprint. Many of our customers are involved in the construction and design industries and include retailers, general contractors, and architects involved in new constructions and remodels for retail stores as well as fulfillment centers. Our customer base also includes the golf industry, specifically country clubs needing to store more club bags and optimize their existing space, as well as commercial cultivators needing benching and racking for indoor grow operations.
 COMPETITION
 The markets in which we sell our Cultivation and Gardening products are highly competitive. Our key competitors include many local and national vendors of gardening supplies, local product resellers of hydroponic and other specialty growing equipment and supplies, and online product resellers and large online marketplaces such as Amazon and eBay. Our industry is highly fragmented, with hundreds of specialty hydroponic and organic gardening product retailers and distributors throughout the U.S. by management's estimates.
 Notwithstanding the foregoing, we believe we compete effectively in our industry by delivering a one-stop shopping experience that includes the widest selection of hydroponic products, end-to-end solutions for all types of cultivation environments, in-store sales and product support, direct manufacturer pricing, and industry-leading expertise and customer service. In addition, we continue to expand our portfolio of proprietary products and brands for our cultivation and wholesale customers. We expect that a greater proportion of sales driven from our own brands will enable us to improve gross margins for the Company while, in many cases, providing our customers with superior goods to the market at a lower cost.
 Our Storage Solutions segment faces competition from a variety of competitors. Competitors vary by size, from large, broad-line distributors to small, local and regional competitors. We believe we differentiate ourselves by supplying a range of shelving options, accessories, and services to any market in need of a vertical space-saving solution.
 PROPRIETARY BRANDS
 As part of its one-stop solution, GrowGeneration provides its customers with a wide selection of top quality products across all categories. A key part of that selection of products is GrowGeneration's own portfolio of industry-leading proprietary brands, including Ion Lighting, PowerSi monosilicic acid, Charcoir coco pots, cubes, and medium, Drip Hydro liquid and powder nutrients and additives, MMI benching, racking, and storage solutions, The Harvest Company gardening

 tools and accessories, and other products. We believe that building proprietary brand offerings will not only drive positive experiences and outcomes for customers, but also will have a positive impact on our margins and profitability. As a company of growers ourselves, we understand the ever-changing needs and technologies within our industry and seek to acquire and develop a strong portfolio of proprietary products for our customers.
 CUSTOMERS AND SUPPLIERS
 We market our products primarily to customers located in the U.S. and its territories. We also occasionally transact with customers located outside the U.S. and its territories, particularly with customers located in international markets where cannabis is legal for medicinal or non-medicinal use.
 Our key customers vary by location and segment. No single customer accounted for more than 10% of our net revenues for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022.
 We source our products from numerous different manufacturers and distributors located both within and outside the U.S. Although the Company generally expects to maintain relationships with its suppliers, the loss of any single supplier would not be expected to have a severe impact on our business because of the competitive nature of the products that we sell. Certain components, ingredients, or other inputs for products we sell, however, may be limited source inputs, and a shortage, price shock, or other circumstance that disrupts our ability to source such inputs in the quantities we require, in a timely manner, and for a reasonable price may have an adverse impact on our business.
 ACQUISITIONS AND OTHER GROWTH STRATEGIES
 GrowGeneration's main growth strategy has been to consolidate assets within the fragmented hydroponics industry to leverage efficiencies of a centralized organization. As a result, we have built a business that is driven by a wide selection of products, a strong portfolio of proprietary brands, a solutions-driven staff located in strategic markets around the country, and pick, pack, ship distribution and fulfillment capabilities.
 Since our founding in 2014, GrowGeneration has acquired or opened numerous specialty hydroponic and organic gardening center locations. Today, management believes that the Company has the largest chain of specialty retail hydroponic and organic garden centers in the U.S., with 31 retail locations across 12 states as of December 31, 2024. The Company has also acquired several other types of businesses within or complimentary to the hydroponic industry, such as online retailers, proprietary products, our wholesale distribution business, and our benching, racking, and storage solutions business, MMI.
 Currently, our main growth strategies for our Cultivation and Gardening segment include expanding our commercial sales to sell more products to commercial cultivators for large grow operations, expanding our wholesale and distribution capabilities to sell more products to independent retail garden centers and other resellers for resale, and expanding and promoting our portfolio of proprietary brands to increase its market share, product offerings, and profitability. Our main growth strategies for our Storage Solutions segment include expanding the types of customers and industries to which we sell our products, including greater penetration in agriculture and golf and country clubs. In addition, we regularly seek and evaluate accretive acquisition opportunities with similar or complimentary businesses to those businesses we already operate.
 Refer to Note 13, Acquisitions, of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the Company's acquisitions.
 SEASONALITY
 Our Cultivation and Gardening business is subject to some seasonal influences. Historically, our highest volume of Cultivation and Gardening sales occurs in our second and third fiscal quarters, primarily based on the outdoor growing seasons, and the lower volume occurs during our first or fourth fiscal quarters. While not as pronounced as the seasonality within our Cultivation and Gardening business because our Storage Solutions products are largely used indoors only, our Storage Solutions sales typically align to retail industry capital planning cycles, which generally result in higher sales volumes in our second and third fiscal quarters.
 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
 Our intellectual property includes our brands and their related trademarks, domain names and websites, customer lists and affiliations, product knowledge and technology, patents, and marketing intangibles. We also hold rights to website

 addresses related to our business, including websites that are actively used in our day-to-day business such as www. GrowGeneration.com and www. MMIstorage.com. We own several federally registered trademarks, including for "GrowGeneration ", "Where the Pros Go to Grow ", "MMI ", and our proprietary brands.
 SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT
 GrowGeneration seeks to support its customers and their communities in various ways. GrowGeneration regularly supports communities through charitable donations to various causes, both within and outside the hydroponics industry. GrowGeneration has also sponsored social impact organizations and programs, such as the Whole Cities Foundation, a non- profit organization established by Whole Foods whose mission is to support community based urban farms and healthy nutrition, Last Prisoner Project, a national, nonpartisan nonprofit dedicated to reforming the U.S. criminal justice system through progressive drug policy, and the NEXTGEN Micro Cultivation competition, an education and training support program for social equity license applicants.
 HUMAN CAPITAL RESOURCES
 We strive to foster a collaborative and team-oriented culture and view our human capital resources as an ongoing priority. As of December 31, 2024, we employ 306 employees: 289 full-time employees, 17 part-time employees, and no temporary or seasonal workers. Our workforce is diverse in all categories, from 32.0% ethnicity diversity, to 21.9% female staff with several in senior leadership positions, to 55.6% of our workforce coming from the Millennial generation. We have no employees subject to collective bargaining agreements, nor have we had any labor-related work stoppages.
 In late 2021, we engaged a compensation consultant to ensure our key employee compensation packages are competitive and continue to evaluate to ensure we remain competitive. We believe we offer competitive employment terms, benefits, and incentives to attract and retain employees, including employer contributions to health and welfare benefits, bonus programs, employee discounts and training opportunities. Starting in 2022, to boost the mental, physical, financial and overall wellness for our workforce which is our ongoing priority, we launched a wellness initiative program for our employees. In 2024, 45.8% of employee separations were due to voluntary reasons and 40.9% were due to workforce reductions.
 MARKET DEVELOPMENT AND GOVERNMENT REGULATION
 We sell products, including hydroponic gardening products, that end users may purchase for use in new and emerging industries, including the growing of cannabis and hemp, that may not grow or achieve market acceptance in a manner that we can predict. Demand for our products depends on the uncertain acceptance and growth of these industries.
 These new and emerging industries are also subject to varying, inconsistent, and rapidly changing laws, regulations, administrative practices, enforcement, judicial interpretations, and consumer perceptions. For example, a majority of U.S. states and territories have adopted frameworks that authorize, regulate, and tax the cultivation, processing, sale, and use of cannabis for medicinal and/or non-medicinal use, while the federal Controlled Substances Act and laws of other U.S. states prohibit such activities and use. Because demand for our products may be negatively impacted depending on how laws, regulations, administrative practices, enforcement, judicial interpretations, and consumer perceptions develop, we cannot reasonably predict the nature of such developments or the effect, if any, that such developments could have on our business. Notwithstanding this conflicted legal landscape, we believe that there is a continuing trend towards further legalization that will allow the Company to expand its marketplace opportunities.

 ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
 RISKS RELATING TO OUR BUSINESS
 We face competition that could prohibit us from developing or increasing our customer base.
 Both the specialty gardening and hydroponic industry and storage solutions industry are highly competitive. Companies with much greater financial resources which do not currently compete with us may be able to adapt their existing operations to sales of gardening and hydroponic products or storage products. Our competitors may also introduce new competitive products, and manufacturers may sell products direct to consumers. Due to this competition, we may encounter difficulties maintaining or increasing revenues or profits.
 If we underestimate or overestimate demand for our products and do not maintain appropriate inventory levels, our net sales, working capital, or profitability could be negatively impacted.
 In determining the required quantities of our products, we must make judgments and estimates based on production capacity, timing of shipments, inventory levels, market trends and other factors. Because of the inherent nature of estimates, there could be significant differences between our estimates and the actual amounts of products we require, which could negatively impact our net sales, profit margins, net earnings, working capital, or cash flow, hinder our ability to meet customer demand, or cause us to incur excess or obsolete inventory charges.
 We identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, and if we are unable to achieve and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting, the accuracy and timing of our financial reporting may be adversely affected, along with investor confidence in our company and, as a result, the value of our common stock.
 Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the related rules and regulations of the SEC require an annual management assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. We have hired additional accounting and financial staff, and leveraged outside resources, with appropriate public company experience and technical accounting knowledge to compile the system and process documentation necessary to perform the evaluation needed to comply with Section 404.
 As part of management's independent assessment as of December 31, 2024 as discussed in Item 9A of this report, we identified a material weakness related to our Storage Solutions business, MMI, and we are therefore unable to certify that our internal controls over financial reporting is effective. Additionally, our independent registered public accounting firm issued an adverse opinion on internal controls over financial reporting.

 A "material weakness" is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of our annual or interim consolidated financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. These material weaknesses could result in a misstatement of account balances or disclosures that would result in a material misstatement to the annual or interim financial statements that would not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. Our failure to implement and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could result in errors in our consolidated financial statements that could result in a restatement of our consolidated financial statements and cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations.
 Because we are unable to conclude that our internal control over financial reporting for our MMI business is effective, and our independent registered public accounting firm also determined that we have a material weakness, we could lose investor confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, the market price of our common stock could decline, and we could be subject to sanctions or investigations by the SEC or other regulatory authorities. Failure to remedy any material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, or to implement or maintain other effective control systems required of public companies, could also restrict our future access to capital.
 We have taken several actions and remediated previously identified material weaknesses as discussed in Item 9A of this report. Although we have remediated certain material weaknesses, we are still in the process of completing the remediation process for the MMI business and the steps we are taking may not be sufficient to remediate our material weaknesses or prevent future material weaknesses or significant deficiencies from occurring. We can give no assurance that additional material weaknesses in our internal control over financial reporting will not be identified in the future.
 We may not successfully develop new products or improve existing products, or successfully manage various risks that we may be exposed to in connection with our proprietary brand offerings.
 We expect to continue to grow our portfolio of proprietary brand offerings and have invested in development and procurement resources and marketing efforts relating to our proprietary brand offerings to meet evolving consumer needs

 and regulatory requirements. We may not be successful in developing, manufacturing, and marketing new products or product innovations that satisfy consumer needs or regulatory requirements in a timely manner. If we fail to successfully develop, manufacture, and market new products or product innovations, or if we fail to reach existing and potential consumers, our ability to maintain or grow our market share may be adversely affected, which in turn could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. In addition, the development and introduction of new products and product innovations require development and marketing expenditures, which we may not recoup if such new products or innovations do not achieve market acceptance.
 Although we believe that our proprietary brand products offer value to our customers at each price point and provide us with higher gross margins than comparable third-party branded products we sell, the expansion of our proprietary brand offerings also subjects us to certain specific risks in addition to those discussed elsewhere in this section, such as:
 • Potential mandatory or voluntary product recalls;
 • Increased regulatory compliance burdens, and potential product liability exposure;
 • Potential competition with our vendors' products, which may adversely affect our vendor relationships;
 • Our ability to successfully obtain, maintain, protect, and enforce our intellectual property and proprietary rights (including defending against counterfeit, grey-market, infringing, or otherwise unauthorized goods); and
 • Our ability to successfully navigate and avoid claims related to the proprietary rights of third parties.
 A significant interruption in the operation of our or our suppliers' facilities could impact our capacity to produce products and service our customers, which could adversely affect revenues and earnings.
 Operations at our suppliers' facilities are subject to disruption for a variety of reasons, including fire, flooding, or other natural disasters, disease outbreaks or pandemics, acts of war, terrorism, government shut-downs, and work stoppages. A significant interruption in the operation of our suppliers' facilities, especially for those products manufactured at a limited number of facilities, such as our proprietary brand products, could significantly impact our capacity to sell products and service our customers in a timely manner, which could have a material adverse effect on our customer relationships, revenues, profits, and financial position.
 The manufacture of some of our products is complex and requires precise, high-quality manufacturing that is difficult to achieve. We have in the past, and may in the future, experience difficulties in manufacturing our products on a timely, cost-effective basis and in sufficient quantities. Our failure to achieve and maintain the required high manufacturing standards could result in further delays or failures in product testing or delivery, cost overruns, product recalls or withdrawals, increased warranty costs, or other problems that could harm our business and prospects.
 Disruptions in availability or prices of materials sourced by suppliers could adversely affect our results of operations.
 We and our suppliers source products and components thereof from both inside and outside the U.S. The general availability and price of those products and components can be affected by forces beyond our control, including political instability, armed conflict, laws and regulations, duties and tariffs, price controls, currency fluctuations, and weather.
 A significant disruption in the availability of any of our key products or components thereof could negatively impact our business. In addition, increases in the prices of key commodities and other materials could adversely affect our ability to manage our cost structure. Market conditions may limit our ability to raise selling prices to offset increases in product or raw material costs. For certain products, new sources of supply may be difficult to locate or have to be qualified under regulatory standards, which can require additional investment and delay bringing a product to market.
 Economic conditions could adversely affect our business.
 Uncertain economic conditions, both in the U.S. and globally, driven by circumstances such as rising interest rates, uncertainty around cannabis reforms at the federal level, and armed conflict abroad, could adversely affect our business. Negative global economic trends, such as decreased consumer and business spending, high inflation and interest rates, and declining consumer and business confidence, pose challenges to our business and could result in declining revenues, profitability, and cash flow. Although we continue to devote significant resources to support our brands, unfavorable economic conditions may negatively affect demand for our products.
 Potential tariffs or a global trade war could increase the cost of our products, which could adversely impact the competitiveness of our products and our financial results.
 If the U.S. administration imposes tariffs, or if additional tariffs or trade restrictions are implemented by the United States or other countries, the cost of our products manufactured in the United States and imported into other countries could increase, which in turn could adversely affect the demand for these products and have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

 Our operations may be impaired if our information technology systems, or those of our third-party vendors, fail to perform adequately, or if we or our third-party vendors are the subject of a data breach or cyber-attack.
 We rely on information technology systems to operate our business, including communicating with employees, ordering and managing materials from suppliers, selling and shipping products to customers, analyzing and reporting results of operations, and storing confidential information. While we have taken steps to ensure the functionality and security of our information technology systems, our measures or those of our third-party vendors may not be effective and our or our vendors' information technology systems may nevertheless be vulnerable to computer viruses, security breaches, and other disruptions from unauthorized users, as well as failures of such information technology systems to operate as expected. In addition, as we replace or upgrade our technology systems, or integrate new systems, issues may arise, such as failure of such systems to perform as expected, that disrupt our business and cause us to lose customers or incur unanticipated expenditures. If our or our third-party vendors' information technology systems are damaged or cease to be available or function properly, whether as a result of a cyber incident or otherwise, our ability to operate our business, including to communicate, coordinate supply chain, inventory, and ordering, manage internal and external reporting, and protect confidential information could be impaired, which may adversely impact our business.
 Additionally, the techniques used to obtain unauthorized, improper, or illegal access to information technology systems are constantly evolving, may be difficult to detect quickly, and often are not recognized until after they have been launched against a target. We may be unable to anticipate these techniques, react in a timely manner, or implement adequate preventative or remedial measures. Any operational failure or breach of security from these cyber threats could lead to the loss or disclosure of our or third-party information, which could result in expensive and time-consuming regulatory or other legal proceedings and have a material adverse effect on our business and reputation. In addition, we may incur significant costs and operational consequences related to investigating, mitigating, remediating, eliminating, and putting in place additional tools and devices designed to prevent future security incidents, as well as in connection with complying with any notification or other obligations resulting from any security incidents. Because we do not control our third-party vendors or the processing of data by our third-party vendors, our ability to monitor our third-party vendors' data security is limited and we cannot ensure the integrity or security of the measures they take to protect and prevent the loss of our or our consumers' data. As a result, we are subject to the risk that cyber-attacks on, or other security incidents affecting, our third-party vendors may adversely affect our business even if an attack or breach does not directly impact our systems.
 Acquisitions, strategic alliances, and other investments could result in operating difficulties, dilution, and other consequences that may adversely impact our business and results of operations.
 Acquisitions are an important element of our overall corporate strategy. These transactions could entail material investments by us and be material to our financial condition and results of operations. We expect to evaluate and enter into discussions regarding a variety of potential strategic transactions. The process of integrating an acquired company, business, or product has created, and will continue to create, unforeseen operating difficulties and expenditures. The areas where we face risks may include, but are not limited to:
 • Diversion of management's time and focus from operating our business to acquisition integration challenges;
 • Failure to successfully further develop the acquired business or products;
 • Implementation or remediation of controls, procedures, and policies at the acquired company;
 • Integration of the acquired company's accounting and other administrative systems;
 • Transition of operations, employees, and customers onto our existing platforms;
 • Cultural challenges associated with integrating employees from the acquired company into our organization, and retention of employees from the businesses we acquire;
 • Failure to recognize expected synergies from an acquisition;
 • Reliance on strategic partners with respect to market development, sales, regulatory compliance, and other operational matters;
 • Failure to obtain required governmental approvals on a timely basis, if at all, or conditions placed upon approval, under competition and antitrust laws, could, among other things, delay or prevent us from completing a transaction or otherwise restrict our ability to realize expected financial or strategic goals of an acquisition;
 • Liability for or reputational harm from activities of the acquired company before the acquisition or from our strategic partners, including patent and trademark infringement claims, violations of laws, commercial disputes, tax liabilities, and other known and unknown liabilities; and
 • Litigation or other claims in connection with the acquired company, including claims from terminated employees, customers, former stockholders, or other third parties.
 Our due diligence may fail to identify all liabilities and risks associated with acquisitions, and we may not accurately assess the relative benefits and detriments of acquisition and may pay acquisition consideration exceeding the value of the acquired business. Our failure to address these risks or other problems related to past or future acquisitions, investments, or strategic alliances could cause us to fail to realize the anticipated benefits of such transactions, incur unanticipated liabilities, and harm our business generally.

 Our acquisitions could also result in dilutive issuances of our equity securities, the incurrence of debt, contingent liabilities, or amortization expenses, impairment of goodwill and purchased long-lived assets, and restructuring charges, any of which could harm our financial condition or results of operations and cash flows.
 Although acquisitions are an important element of our overall corporate strategy, there can be no assurance that we will be able to identify appropriate acquisition targets, successfully acquire identified targets, or successfully integrate the business of acquired companies to realize the full, anticipated benefits of such acquisitions.
 If we are unable to hire and retain employees, we may not be able to implement our business plan and our business may be materially adversely affected.
 Our future success depends to a large extent on our ability to attract, hire, train, and retain qualified managerial, operational, and other personnel. If we are unable to hire and retain qualified personnel, our business will be materially adversely affected. We face significant competition for diverse, qualified, and experienced employees and, as a result, we may be unable to attract and retain the personnel needed to successfully conduct and grow our operations. The COVID-19 pandemic and inflation have exacerbated these risks, and the impact on labor markets may continue to disrupt our ability to attract and retain personnel for an extended period of time. In addition, we do not maintain key man life insurance on any of our executive officers and directors. Key personnel, including members of management, may leave and compete against us, or may not perform well in their roles with us. If one or more of our executive officers are unable or unwilling to continue in their present positions, we may not be able to replace them readily, if at all, and may face disruption in our operations and incur additional expenses, including to recruit and retain new talent as a result.
 Our products may be purchased for use in new and emerging industries subject to varying, inconsistent, and rapidly changing laws, regulations, administrative practices, enforcement, judicial interpretations, and consumer perceptions.
 We sell products, including hydroponic gardening products, that end users may purchase for use in new and emerging industries, including the growing of cannabis and hemp, that may not grow or achieve market acceptance in a manner that we can predict. Demand for our products depends on the uncertain acceptance and growth of these industries.
 These new and emerging industries are also subject to varying, inconsistent, and rapidly changing laws, regulations, administrative practices, enforcement, judicial interpretations, and consumer perceptions. For example, a majority of U.S. states and territories have adopted frameworks that authorize, regulate, and tax the cultivation, processing, sale, and use of cannabis for medicinal and/or non-medicinal use, while the federal Controlled Substances Act and laws of other U.S. states prohibit such activities and use. Because demand for our products may be negatively impacted depending on how laws, regulations, administrative practices, enforcement, judicial interpretations, and consumer perceptions develop, we cannot reasonably predict the nature of such developments or the effect, if any, that such developments could have on our business. Notwithstanding this conflicted legal landscape, we believe that there is a continuing trend towards further legalization that will allow the Company to expand its marketplace opportunities.
 Litigation may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
 From time to time in the normal course of our business, we may become subject to litigation that may result in liability material to our consolidated financial statements as a whole or that may negatively affect our operating results if changes to our business operation are required. The cost to defend such litigation may be significant and may require a diversion of our resources and attention of management. There also may be adverse publicity associated with litigation that could negatively affect customer, vendor, and public perception of our business, regardless of whether the allegations are valid or whether we are ultimately found liable. As a result, litigation may adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
 There can be no assurance that future developments related to pending claims or claims filed in the future, whether as a result of adverse outcomes or as a result of significant defense costs, will not have a material effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. We believe that our assessment of contingencies is reasonable and that the related accruals, in the aggregate, are adequate; however, there can be no assurance that the final resolution of these matters will not have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
 Third parties may initiate legal proceedings alleging that we are infringing their intellectual property rights, the outcome of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations.
 As a result of building and continuing to build our proprietary brands and new product technologies, we may become party to, or threatened with, adversarial proceedings or litigation regarding intellectual property or proprietary rights with respect to our products and technology, including proceedings before the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office or non-U.S. opposition proceedings. A successful claim of intellectual property or proprietary right infringement, misappropriation, or other violation against us, or any other successful challenge to the use of our intellectual property and proprietary rights, could subject us to damages or prevent us from providing certain products or services or using certain of our recognized brand

 names, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. As a result of any such intellectual property claims, regardless of merit, or to avoid potential claims, we may choose or be compelled to seek intellectual property licenses from third parties. These licenses may not be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. Any such license would likely obligate us to pay license fees, royalties, or other payments, and the rights granted to us could be nonexclusive, meaning that our competitors could obtain licenses to the same intellectual property. We could be prevented from commercializing a product or technology or be forced to cease some of our business operations if, as a result of actual or threatened intellectual property claims, we are unable to enter into licenses of the relevant intellectual property on acceptable terms. Further, if we attempt to modify a product or technology or to develop alternative methods or products in response to intellectual property claims or to avoid potential claims, we could incur substantial costs or encounter delays in product introductions or interruptions in sales.
 If our owned or in-licensed trademarks and trade names are not adequately protected, then we may not be able to build name recognition in our markets of interest and our business may be adversely affected.
 The registered or unregistered trademarks, trade names, and service marks that we own or in-license from third parties may be challenged, infringed, circumvented, declared generic, or determined to be infringing on or dilutive of other marks. Additionally, competitors may adopt trademarks, trade names, or service marks similar to ours, thereby impeding our ability to build brand identity and possibly leading to market confusion. If we are unable to establish name recognition based on our owned and in-licensed trademarks and trade names, then we may not be able to compete effectively and our business may be adversely affected.
 We may also license our trademarks, trade names, or service marks out to third parties, such as our distributors. Though these license agreements may restrict how our trademarks, trade names, or service marks may be used, a breach of these agreements or misuse of our trademarks, trade names, or service marks by our licensees may jeopardize our rights or diminish the goodwill associated therewith. Any efforts to enforce or protect our intellectual property and proprietary rights related to trademarks, trade names, and service marks may be ineffective and could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and thereby adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, and prospects.
 Compliance with, or violation of, environmental, health, and safety laws and regulations, including laws pertaining to the use of pesticides, could result in significant costs that adversely impact our reputation, businesses, financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
 International, federal, state, provincial, and local laws and regulations relating to environmental, health, and safety matters affect us in several ways in light of the ingredients that are used in our products, including growing media, nutrients, and additives. In the U.S., certain products such as those containing pesticides must be registered with the Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") and similar state agencies before they can be sold or applied. These products are either granted a registration by the EPA or exempt from such a registration and may be evaluated by the EPA as part of its ongoing exposure risk assessment. The failure by us or one of our business relationships to obtain, or the cancellation or non-renewal of, any such registration, or the withdrawal from the marketplace of such products, could have an adverse effect on our businesses, the severity of which would depend on the products involved, whether other products could be substituted, and whether our competitors were similarly affected. We cannot predict the outcome or the severity of the effect on our business of future evaluations, if any, conducted by the EPA.
 In addition, certain of our products are subject to complex and overlapping laws and regulation by various international, federal, state, provincial, and local environmental and public health agencies. Even if we are able to comply with all such laws and regulations and obtain all necessary registrations and licenses, the products could nonetheless be alleged to cause injury to the environment, to people, or to animals, or such products could be banned in certain circumstances. The costs of compliance, noncompliance, investigation, remediation, combating reputational harm, or defending civil or criminal proceedings, products liability, personal injury, or other lawsuits could have a material adverse impact on our reputation, businesses, financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
 If product liability lawsuits are brought against us, we may incur substantial liabilities.
 We face a potential risk of product liability as a result of any of the products that we offer for sale. For example, we may be sued if any product we sell allegedly causes injury or is found to be otherwise unsuitable during product testing, manufacturing, marketing, or sale. Any such product liability claims may include allegations of defects in manufacturing, defects in design, a failure to warn of dangers inherent in the product, negligence, strict liability, and a breach of warranties. Claims could also be asserted under state consumer protection acts. If we cannot successfully defend ourselves

 against product liability claims, we may incur substantial liabilities. Even successful defense could require significant financial and management resources. Regardless of the merits or eventual outcome, liability claims may result in:
 • Decreased demand for products that we may offer for sale;
 • Injury to our reputation;
 • Costs to defend the related litigation;
 • Diversion of management's time and our resources;
 • Substantial monetary awards to trial participants or patients;
 • Product recalls, withdrawals or labeling, marketing or promotional restrictions; or
 • Decline in our stock price.
 Our insurance coverage may not be sufficient to avoid material impact on our financial position or results of operations resulting from liabilities against us, and we may not be able to obtain insurance coverage in the future.
 We maintain insurance coverage to manage exposure to liabilities that may adversely impact our business, but liabilities against us may exceed such coverage and have a material adverse impact on our financial position or results of operations. We maintain commercial liability and operations-focused insurance coverage including property, cyber, workers compensation, and general liability. While we expect to be able to continue our insurance coverages, there can be no assurance we will be able to continue such insurance coverage, or that policy limits will be adequate to cover any liability we may incur, or that our premiums will continue to be available at a cost similar to our cost today. Additionally, it is possible one or more of our insurers could exclude from our policy certain liabilities.
 Cost-cutting measures could be insufficient to drive profitability and could have unanticipated negative consequences, including hindering strategic initiatives and future growth of our business.
 In response to a significant and prolonged industry downturn, we have undergone various cost-cutting measures, including store consolidations and staffing reductions. While management believes such measures are prudent to improve our financial position and results of operations, they may not achieve their anticipated impact on profitability. In addition, cost-cutting measures may have unanticipated negative consequences, such as customer and employee attrition. Reducing costs also means fewer resources are available for strategic initiatives and operational improvements to support future growth, such as improvements to supply chain operations and information technology systems, which could have a negative impact on our business and results of operations.
 We are subject to collection risk that can impact the results of our operations.
 We extend credit to customers in the ordinary course of our business in the form of accounts receivable and promissory notes. We seek to ensure our customers are creditworthy before extending credit, but we cannot guarantee that we will receive repayment in full. The industries we serve are also newer and more fragmented, and some of our counter parties are smaller and/or newer businesses and therefore may be at higher credit risk. In addition, we may seek to strategically deploy capital in new markets, or with new business partners. Such new markets or partners may present higher risk.
 We may be required to record impairment charges against the carrying value of our goodwill and other intangible assets in the future.
 We are required to test for impairment of the carrying value of our goodwill and intangible assets at least annually and whenever evidence of impairment exists. We have recorded impairment charges in the current year. We may be required in the future to record additional impairment charges that could have a material adverse effect on our reported results.
 The estimates and judgments we make, or the assumptions on which we rely, in preparing our consolidated financial statements could prove inaccurate.
 The preparation of our consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of our assets, liabilities, revenues, and expenses, the amounts of charges accrued by us, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. We cannot assure, however, that our estimates, or the assumptions underlying them, will not change over time or otherwise prove inaccurate. Any potential litigation related to the estimates and judgments we make, or the assumptions on which we rely, in preparing our consolidated financial statements could have a material adverse effect on our financial results, harm our business, and cause our share price to decline.

 We occupy many of our facilities under long-term, non-cancellable leases, and we may be unable to renew our leases at the end of their terms.
 Many of our facilities are located on leased premises subject to non-cancellable leases. Typically, our leases have initial terms ranging from three to ten years, with options to renew for specified periods of time. We believe that our future leases will likely also be long-term and non-cancellable and have similar renewal options. If we close or stop fully utilizing a facility, we will most likely remain obligated to perform under the applicable lease, which would include, among other things, paying base rent, insurance, taxes, and other expenses for the remainder of the lease term. Our inability to terminate a lease when we close or stop fully utilizing a facility can have an adverse impact on our financial condition, operating results, and cash flows.
 In addition, at the end of the lease term and any renewal period for a facility, we may be unable to renew the lease without substantial additional cost, if at all. If we are unable to renew our facility leases, we may close or relocate a facility, which could subject us to construction and other costs and risks, which in turn could have a material adverse effect on our business and operating results. Further, we may not be able to secure a replacement facility in a location that is as commercially viable. Having to close a facility, even briefly to relocate, could reduce the sales that such facility would have contributed to our revenues.
 Public health emergencies and efforts to mitigate their impact may have an adverse effect on our business, liquidity, results of operations, and financial condition and the price of our securities.
 Public health emergencies, such as the one involving the novel strain of coronavirus, or COVID-19, including mutations and variants thereof, and the measures taken to combat them, may have an adverse effect on our business. Public health authorities and governments may impose various measures to respond to such emergencies that have an adverse effect on our business, liquidity, results of operations, and financial condition, such as voluntary or mandatory quarantines, restrictions on travel, and distancing, testing, and vaccine mandates.
 Although many impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic appear to have alleviated, the pandemic has not yet been eliminated, and we cannot predict future impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, if any, on markets generally or on our operations or the operations of our customers and suppliers.
 If we need additional capital to fund our operations, we may not be able to obtain sufficient capital and may be forced to limit the scope of our operations.
 In connection with our growth strategies, an economic downturn, decline in the performance of our business, or other adverse circumstances, we may experience increased capital needs and accordingly, we may not have sufficient capital to fund our future operations without additional capital investments. There can be no assurance that additional capital will be available to us, including as a result of our relationship with the cannabis industry. If we cannot obtain sufficient capital to fund our operations, we may be forced to limit the scope of our expansion.
 Ongoing and future armed conflicts could create or exacerbate certain risks we face to our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
 Present and future armed conflicts such as the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine, as well as fighting in Israel and Palestine, could create or exacerbate certain risks we face to our business, financial condition, and results of operations. For example, Russia's invasion of Ukraine and the global response, including the imposition of financial and economic sanctions by the United States and other countries, has created supply constraints and driven inflation that could impact our operations and could create or exacerbate other risks facing our business.
 Damage to our reputation could have an adverse effect on our business.
 Maintaining our strong reputation is a key component in our success. Product recalls, disputes and litigation, unauthorized employee statements on social media, our inability to ship, sell, or transport our products, and other matters may harm our reputation and acceptance of our products, which may materially and adversely affect our business operations, decrease sales and increase costs.
 In addition, perceptions that the products we distribute and market are not safe could adversely affect us and contribute to the risk of legal action against us. We distribute and market a variety of products, such as nutrients and growing media. On occasion, allegations or news reports may be made that some of these products have failed to perform up to expectations or have caused damage or injury to individuals or property. In addition, our products or their use by our customers may be alleged to be damaging to the environment. Public perception that the products we distribute or market harm human health or the environment could impair our reputation, involve us in litigation, damage our brand names, and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

 Climate change and other environmental, social, and governance issues could adversely affect our brands, business, results of operations, and financial condition.
 Climate change continues to receive increasing global attention. The possible effects of climate change could include severe weather, changes in rainfall patterns, changing temperature levels, and changes in legislation, regulation, and international accords. These changes could over time affect, for example, the availability and cost of raw materials, commodities, and energy, which in turn may impact our ability to procure goods or services required for our business. Consumers also may change their behavior as a result of the impact of climate change, governmental regulations, and public perceptions. Additionally, the impacts of climate change may present physical risks, such as damage to facilities, which could disrupt our operations or those of our customers or suppliers, and therefore our results of operations.
 There has also been increasing focus by investors, regulators and other constituencies on environmental, social and governance ("ESG") matters. As a result, we may face demands or requirements to make disclosure or commitments or take other action with respect to ESG issues. Our results of operations and financial condition may be adversely impacted if we are unable to effectively manage the risks or costs to us, our brands and our supply chain associated with ESG matters.
 Unanticipated changes in our tax provisions, the adoption of new tax legislation or exposure to additional tax liabilities could affect our profitability and cash flows.
 We are subject to income and other taxes in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various local, state and foreign jurisdictions. Our effective tax rate in the future could be adversely affected by changes to our operating structure, changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets (such as net operating losses and tax credits) and liabilities, changes in tax laws and the discovery of new information in the course of our tax return preparation process. In particular, the carrying value of deferred tax assets, which are predominantly related to our operations in the U.S., is dependent on our ability to generate future taxable income of the appropriate character in the relevant jurisdiction.
 From time to time, tax proposals are introduced or considered by the U.S. Congress or the legislative bodies in local, state and foreign jurisdictions that could also affect our tax rate, the carrying value of our deferred tax assets, or our tax liabilities. Our tax liabilities are also affected by the amounts we charge for inventory, services, licenses and funding. We are subject to ongoing tax audits in various jurisdictions. In connection with these audits (or future audits), tax authorities may disagree with our determinations and assess additional taxes. We regularly assess the likely outcomes of our audits in order to determine the appropriateness of our tax provision. As a result, the ultimate resolution of our tax audits, changes in tax laws or tax rates, and the ability to utilize our deferred tax assets could materially affect our tax provision, net income and cash flows in future periods.
 RISKS RELATING TO THE CANNABIS INDUSTRY
 We are subject to a number of risks associated with the cannabis industry because cannabis is illegal under federal law.
 Under the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 (the "CSA"), the federal government lists cannabis as a Schedule I controlled substance (i.e., deemed to have no medical value), and accordingly the manufacturing (cultivation), sale, or possession of cannabis is federally illegal. The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled in 2001 that the federal government has the right to regulate and criminalize cannabis, even for medical purposes. The illegality of cannabis under federal law preempts state laws that legalize its use. Therefore, strict enforcement of federal law regarding cannabis would likely adversely affect our revenues and results of operations.
 Federal courts have denied bankruptcies for cannabis businesses upon the bases that businesses cannot violate federal law and then claim the benefits of federal bankruptcy for the same activity and that courts cannot ask a bankruptcy trustee to take possession of and distribute cannabis assets, as such action would violate the CSA. Therefore, we may have difficulties collecting outstanding payments if any of our customers in the cannabis industry declare bankruptcy.
 In addition, insurance that is otherwise readily available, such as general liability and directors and officer's insurance, may be more difficult or impossible to find, and more expensive.

 Our growth to a certain extent is dependent on the U.S. cannabis market. In the past, California regulations caused licensing shortages and future regulations may create other limitations that decrease the demand for our products. State level regulations adopted in the future may adversely impact our business. Supply and demand and prevailing prices for cannabis may also adversely impact our business.
 The base of cannabis growers in the United States has grown over the past 20 years since the legalization of cannabis in various U.S. states such as California, Colorado, Michigan, Nevada, Oregon and Washington, with growers depending on products similar to those we distribute. If the U.S. cannabis cultivation market does not grow as expected, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely impacted.
 Cannabis remains illegal under U.S. federal law, with cannabis currently listed as a Schedule I substance under the CSA. Notwithstanding laws in various states permitting certain cannabis activities, all cannabis activities, including possession, distribution, processing and manufacturing of cannabis and investment in, and financial services or transactions involving proceeds of, or promoting such activities remain illegal under various U.S. federal criminal and civil laws and regulations, including the CSA, as well as laws and regulations of several states that have not legalized some or any cannabis activities to date. Compliance with applicable state laws regarding cannabis activities does not protect a business from federal prosecution or other enforcement action, such as seizure or forfeiture remedies, nor does it provide any defense to such prosecution or action. Cannabis activities conducted in or related to conduct in multiple states may potentially face a higher level of scrutiny from federal authorities. Regulation of the cannabis industry impact those that we believe represent many end-users for our products and, accordingly, there can be no assurance that changes in regulation of the industry and more rigorous enforcement by federal authorities will not have a material adverse effect on us.
 Participants in the cannabis industry have difficulty accessing the service of banks, which makes it difficult for us to operate.
 Despite rules issued by the U.S. Department of the Treasury mitigating the risk to banks that do business with cannabis companies permitted under state law, as well as guidance from the U.S. Department of Justice, banks remain wary to accept funds from businesses in the cannabis industry or serving the cannabis industry, such as ours. So far we have been able to find certain banking institutions willing to provide banking services to us; however, there can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain these banking relationships since the production, sale and use of cannabis remains illegal under federal law. An inability to open and maintain bank accounts may make it difficult for us and our customers to do business.
 In addition, we have a high volume of cash transactions, which exposes us to associated risks of holding large sums of cash, such as theft and embezzlement, as well as potential seizures of cash by federal authorities if they determine such cash is tied to activities that are illegal under federal law.
 If cannabis were to become legal under federal law, its sale and use could become regulated by the Food and Drug Administration ("FDA") or another federal agency, which could result in a decrease in cannabis sales and have a material adverse impact on the demand for our products.
 We sell our products through third-party retailers and resellers which do not exclusively sell to the cannabis industry. Some of our products are sold to cannabis industry participants and used in connection with cannabis businesses that are subject to federal and state controlled substance laws and regulations. If cannabis were to become legal under federal law, its sale and use could become regulated by the FDA or another federal agency and extensive regulations may be imposed on the sale or use of cannabis. Such regulations could result in a decrease in cannabis sales and have a material adverse impact on the demand for our products. If we or our customers who are participants in the cannabis industry are unable to comply with any applicable regulations and/or registration prescribed by the FDA, we may be unable to continue to transact with retailers and resellers who sell products to cannabis businesses and/or our financial condition may be adversely impacted.
 In addition, federal legalization, or legalization in foreign countries such as Mexico, may significantly increase competition and consolidation in our and our customers' markets. If we do not manage to successfully compete in such an environment, our revenues and results of operations will be adversely affected.
 RISKS RELATING TO OUR COMMON STOCK
 There are risks, including stock market volatility, inherent in owning our common stock.
 The market price and volume of our common stock have been, and may continue to be, subject to significant fluctuations. These fluctuations may arise from general stock market conditions, the impact of risk factors described herein on our results of operations and financial position, or a change in opinion in the market regarding our business prospects or other factors, many of which may be outside our immediate control.

 We may incur indebtedness that ranks senior or equally to our common stock as to liquidation preference and other rights and that may dilute our stockholders' ownership interest.
 Shares of our common stock are common equity interests in us and, as such, will rank junior to all of our existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities. In addition, any additional capital raised through the sale of equity or equity-backed securities may dilute our stockholders' ownership percentages and could also result in a decrease in the market value of our common stock.
 Our security holders may be diluted by future issuances of securities by us. The market price of our common stock could be negatively affected by future sales of our common stock.
 In the future, we may issue our authorized but previously unissued equity securities, including additional shares of capital stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable for our capital stock. Such issuance of additional securities would dilute the ownership stake in us held by our existing stockholders and could adversely affect the value of our securities.
 As of the date of this report, we have 1.4 million shares of unvested restricted stock units, outstanding options to purchase an aggregate of 16 thousand shares of our common stock (all of which are vested as of this date) at a weighted average exercise price of $4.63 per share, and no outstanding stock purchase warrants. The vesting of the restricted stock units and the exercise of such outstanding options will result in dilution of our security holders. In the future, we may also issue additional shares of our common stock, restricted stock units, options, warrants, or other securities that are convertible into or exercisable for the purchase of shares of our common stock in connection with compensation to employees or consultants, acquisitions, sales of securities for capital raising, or for other business purposes. The future issuance of any such additional shares of our common stock or other securities, for any reason including those stated above, may have a negative impact on the market price of our common stock. There can be no assurance that the issuance of any additional shares of common stock, warrants or other convertible securities in the future may not be at a price (or exercise prices) below the current price of the common stock.
 If our existing stockholders, directors, or executive officers, or any of their affiliates, sell a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market, the market price of our common stock could decrease significantly. The perception in the public market that these stockholders might sell our common stock could also depress the market price of our common stock and could impair our future ability to obtain capital, especially through an offering of equity securities.
 We do not intend to pay dividends for the foreseeable future and, as a result, investor's ability to achieve a return on their investment will depend on appreciation in the price of our common stock.
 The decision to pay cash dividends on our common stock rests with our board of directors and will depend on our earnings, unencumbered cash, capital requirements and financial condition. We have never paid any cash dividends on our common stock and we do not anticipate declaring any dividends in the foreseeable future, as we intend to retain funds and future earnings to fund our operations and growth. Investors in our common stock should not expect to receive dividend income on their investment, and investors will be dependent on the appreciation of our common stock to earn a return on their investment.
 If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, or they publish negative reports about our business, our share price and trading volume could decline.
 The trading market for our common stock will depend in part on the research and reports that securities or industry analysts publish about us or our business, our market and our competitors. We do not have any control over these analysts. If one or more of the analysts who cover us downgrade our shares or change their opinion of our shares, our share price would likely decline. If one or more of these analysts cease coverage of our company or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in the financial markets, which could cause our share price or trading volume to decline.
 If we fail to meet the continued listing standards of Nasdaq, our common stock may be delisted, which may adversely affect the market price and liquidity of our common stock.
 Our common stock is currently traded on the Nasdaq. Nasdaq requires us to meet certain financial, public float, bid price and liquidity standards on an ongoing basis in order to continue the listing of our common stock, including that we maintain a minimum closing bid price of $1.00 per share. There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain compliance with the requirements for continued listing of our common stock on Nasdaq. If our common stock is delisted and we are unable to list our common stock on another U.S. national securities exchange, we expect our securities would be quoted on an over-the-counter market. If this were to occur, our stockholders could face significant material adverse consequences, including limited availability of market quotations for our common stock and reduced liquidity for the trading of our securities. Furthermore, if our common stock were delisted it could adversely affect our ability to obtain financing for the continuation of our operations and/or result in the loss of confidence by investors, customers, suppliers and employees.

 ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
 None.

 ITEM 1C. CYBERSECURITY
 RISK MANAGEMENT AND STRATEGY
 We have established policies and processes for assessing, identifying, and managing material risk from cybersecurity threats and have integrated these processes into our overall risk management systems and processes. We routinely assess material risks from cybersecurity threats that may result in adverse effects on the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of our information systems or any information residing therein.
 We conduct periodic risk assessments to identify cybersecurity threats, as well as assessments in the event of a material change in our business practices that may affect information systems that are vulnerable to such cybersecurity threats. These risk assessments include identification of reasonably foreseeable internal and external risks, the likelihood and potential damage that could result from such risks, and the sufficiency of existing policies, procedures, systems, and safeguards in place to manage such risks.
 Following these risk assessments, we re-design, implement, and maintain reasonable safeguards to minimize identified risks, reasonably address any identified gaps in existing safeguards, and regularly monitor the effectiveness of our safeguards. We devote significant resources and designate high-level personnel to manage the risk assessment and mitigation process.
 We engage consultants and other third parties in connection with our risk assessment policies and processes. These service providers assist us to design and implement our cybersecurity policies and procedures, as well as to monitor and test our safeguards.
 We require third-party service providers to certify their ability to implement and maintain appropriate security measures, consistent with all applicable laws, to implement and maintain reasonable security measures in connection with their work with us, and to promptly report any suspected breach of their security measures that may affect the Company.
 As part of our overall risk management strategies, we also conduct cybersecurity trainings for personnel at all levels and in all departments.
 For additional information regarding whether any risks from cybersecurity threats, including as a result of any previous cybersecurity incidents, have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our company, including our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition, please refer to Item 1A, "Risk Factors," in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 GOVERNANCE
 One of the key functions of our Board of Directors is informed oversight of our risk management process, including risks from cybersecurity threats. Our Board of Directors is responsible for monitoring and assessing strategic risk exposure, and our executive officers are responsible for the day-to-day management of the material risks we face. Our Board of Directors administers its cybersecurity risk oversight function primarily through the Audit Committee. Our CFO, who oversees the information technology department as led by our Director of Information Technology, provides periodic briefings to the Audit Committee regarding our cybersecurity risks and activities, including any recent cybersecurity incidents and related responses, cybersecurity policies and procedures, activities of third parties, and the like.
 Our Director of Information Technology and the Information Technology team are primarily responsible for assessing and managing our material risks from cybersecurity threats. The collective team has extensive experience in information security and cybersecurity risk management, and they monitor the prevention, detection, mitigation, and remediation of cybersecurity incidents on an ongoing basis using a combination of security tooling, automated systems and manual processes, including information technology log reviews from across teams or reports received from network systems and applications if any unusual activity occurs, such as email system notification of items opened that could be malicious.

 ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
 REAL ESTATE
 Our real estate portfolio consists primarily of leased retail stores and related storage, warehouse and distribution centers, and offices located across the U.S. Our principal offices are located at 5619 DTC Parkway, Suite 900, Greenwood Village, CO 80111. In total, the Company utilizes 874,000 square feet of space, which primarily consists of 22,000 square feet of corporate office space, 286,000 square feet of warehouse and distribution center space, and 566,000 square feet of retail and related storage space. The table below summarizes our real estate portfolio by reporting segment and by state.

 Corporate
 Total Locations

 Alaska
 —
 —

 California
 —

 Colorado
 —

 Florida
 —
 —

 Maine
 —
 —

 Michigan (1)

 —
 —

 Missouri
 —
 —

 New Jersey
 —
 —

 New York
 —
 —

 Ohio
 —
 —

 Oklahoma (1)

 —
 —

 Oregon
 —
 —

 Rhode Island
 —
 —

 Utah
 —
 —

 Washington
 —
 —

 Total Locations

 (1) The Company owns a retail location in Michigan and in Oklahoma.

 ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 We are involved in lawsuits and claims that arise in the normal course of our business, including the initiation and defense of proceedings related to contract and employment disputes. In our opinion, these claims individually and in the aggregate are not expected to have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 In December 2021, the Company was sued in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Texas related to a Promissory Note & Asset Acquisition Rights Option ("Note & Option") with TGC Systems, LLC ("Total Grow"). The case was dismissed and the parties submitted the matter to arbitration pursuant to the arbitration clause of the Note & Option. Among other claims, Total Grow alleged that the Company was liable to Total Grow for failing to consummate the acquisition of Total Grow by the Company. The Company asserted counterclaims for repayment of $1.5 million in principal loaned by the Company to Total Grow pursuant to the Note & Option, plus interest and certain costs. In July 2023, the arbitrator rendered an arbitration award denying all of Total Grow's claims and defenses and awarding the Company more than $2.0 million in total, consisting of principal, interest, and certain costs. Total Grow voluntarily filed for bankruptcy in October 2023. In February 2024, the Company received $0.3 million from the bankruptcy proceedings, which it recorded as a recovery on the $1.5 million Note & Option. The remainder of the Note & Option, which were fully reserved, were written off during the year ended December 31, 2024.
 There can be no assurance that future developments related to pending claims or claims filed in the future, whether as a result of adverse outcomes or as a result of significant defense costs, will not have a material effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. We believe that our assessment of contingencies is reasonable and that the related accruals, in the aggregate, are adequate; however, there can be no assurance that the final resolution of these matters will not have a material effect on our financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

 ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
 Not applicable.

 ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES
 MARKET INFORMATION
 The Company commenced trading on the Nasdaq Capital Market on December 2, 2019 under the symbol "GRWG". Prior to that date, our stock traded on the OTCQX Best Market since October 10, 2017, prior to which it was traded on the OTCQB Market since November 11, 2016.
 COMPARISON OF 5-YEAR CUMULATIVE RETURN
 The following graph compares the yearly change in the cumulative total stockholder return of our common stock for the past five fiscal years with the cumulative return of the Russell 2000 Index, the S&P 500 Index, and the S&P Retail Select Industry Index.

 HOLDERS
 The approximate number of stockholders of record as of February 28, 2025 was 73. The number of stockholders of record does not include beneficial owners of our common stock whose shares are held in the names of various dealers, clearing agencies, banks, brokers, and other fiduciaries.
 DIVIDENDS
 We have never paid any cash dividends on our common stock. We anticipate that we will retain funds and future earnings to support operations and to finance the growth and development of our business. Therefore, we do not expect to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination to pay dividends will be at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, and other factors that our

 Board of Directors deems relevant. In addition, the terms of any future debt or credit financings may preclude us from paying dividends.
 RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES
 Shares of Common Stock Issued In Connection with Asset Purchases
 Refer to issuances of shares of common stock in connection with acquisitions during 2022, 2023, and 2024 disclosed in the notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. These shares were issued in reliance on the exemption under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act.

 ITEM 6. [RESERVED]

 ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION
 The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes and the other information included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties and are not guarantees of future performance. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those discussed below and elsewhere in this report, particularly those under "Risk Factors." Dollars in tabular format are presented in thousands, except per share data, or otherwise indicated.

 OVERVIEW
 GrowGeneration Corp. (together with all of its direct and indirect wholly owned subsidiaries, collectively "GrowGeneration" or the "Company") was incorporated in Colorado in 2014. Since then, GrowGeneration has grown from a small chain of specialty retail hydroponic and organic garden centers to a multifaceted business with diverse assets. Today, GrowGeneration operates two major lines of business: our Cultivation and Gardening segment, composed of our hydroponic and organic gardening business; and our Storage Solutions segment, composed of our benching, racking, and storage solutions business.
 MARKETS AND BUSINESS SEGMENTS
 We have two operating segments, each its own reportable segment, based on our major lines of business: the Cultivation and Gardening segment and the Storage Solutions segment. We recognize specifically identifiable operating costs such as cost of sales, distribution expenses, and store operations and other operational expenses within each segment. Selling, general, and administrative expenses, such as administrative and management expenses, salaries, and benefits, share-based compensation, director fees, legal expenses, accounting and consulting expenses, and technology costs, are not allocated to specific segments and are reflected in the enterprise results.
 Cultivation and Gardening Segment
 We are a leading developer, marketer, retailer, and distributor of products for both indoor and outdoor hydroponic and organic gardening. Our main business strategy within the hydroponic and organic gardening sector has been to consolidate assets within the fragmented hydroponics industry to leverage efficiencies of a centralized organization.
 We sell a variety of hydroponic and organic gardening related products, including nutrients, additives, growing media, lighting, environmental control systems, and other products for indoor and outdoor cultivation. Our products include proprietary brands such as Charcoir, Drip Hydro, Power Si, Ion lights, The Harvest Company, and more, the development and expansion of which are a key component of the Company's growth strategy. Our target customers include commercial and craft growers, as well as home growers, in the plant-based medicine market, and commercial and home gardeners who grow organic herbs, fruits, and vegetables. Additionally, through our wholesale division, we distribute many of our proprietary products to customers that are wholesalers, resellers, and retailers in the specialty retail hydroponic and organic gardening industry.
 We make our products available to growers through a variety of channels, including our hydroponic retail locations, a commercial sales division that provides white glove service to commercial cultivators, a wholesale division that markets to resellers in both the hydroponic and traditional gardening markets, and an online platform at growgeneration.com, which includes a B2B customer portal for commercial and wholesale customers. Management believes that the Company has the largest chain of specialty retail hydroponic and organic garden centers in the U.S., with 31 retail locations across 12 states as of December 31, 2024.
 Storage Solutions Segment
 Our Storage Solutions business, branded as "Mobile Media" or "MMI," provides customized storage solutions designed to enhance profitability, productivity, and efficiency for our customers by allowing them to save space and increase storage capacity. We cater to diverse markets with our products and services, including agriculture, retail, warehousing, office and administrative, food service, hospitality, golf and country clubs, and more. Our products include high-density mobile storage systems, static shelving, and other accessories such as desks, lockers, safes, and secured storage, offering a solution for every storage need. MMI also offers a wide variety of services, including site surveys, floor plan designs, capacity analysis, seismic calculations, permitting, and installation, in order to provide a comprehensive, turnkey solution for

 customers. Based in the Hudson Valley, New York, the MMI team has decades of experience successfully completing projects throughout the U.S., Canada, and Mexico.
 Our target customers generally include small, mid-size, and large businesses seeking vertical space-saving solutions that are custom tailored to their space and brand in an effort to maximize storage capacity or gain space in their real estate footprint. Many of our customers are involved in the construction and design industries and include retailers, general contractors, and architects involved in new constructions and remodels for retail stores and fulfillment centers. Our customer base also includes the golf industry, specifically country clubs needing to store more club bags and optimize their existing space, as well as controlled environment agriculture (CEA) operators that cultivate indoors with vertical or rolling benching and racking.
 Strategic Restructuring Plan

 In July 2024, we announced a strategic restructuring plan focused on long-term profitability and advancing growth initiatives in key areas of our Cultivation and Gardening segment such as our proprietary brands, commercial sales, and e-commerce business. These restructuring plans have primarily included product development costs, digital transformation initiatives, reductions in cost structure by closing and consolidating 12 redundant or underperforming retail locations, in addition to the 7 retail locations closed in the first half of 2024, workforce reductions, and other operational improvements in inventory management, sales and marketing, and administrative activities.

 Our restructuring and restructuring related charges consists of inventory disposal costs, retail location closure costs including related contract termination costs and fixed asset disposals, employee termination benefits, asset impairments including the impairment of operating lease right-of-use assets, and other associated costs.

 Since the restructuring activities were announced in July 2024, we have incurred aggregate restructuring and restructuring-related costs of $2.4 million, presented on the Consolidated Statements of Operations in the year ended December 31, 2024 as follows (in thousands):

 Restructuring

 Cultivation and Gardening segment:

 Cost of sales(1)

 $
 1,048

 (1,048)

 Store operations and other operational expenses (2)

 Segment operating loss
 (1,890)

 Corporate expenses:

 Selling, general, and administrative (3)

 Impairment loss (4)

 Other expense (5)

 Total restructuring and restructuring related charges
 $
 (2,365)

 (1) Includes inventory disposal costs

 (2) Costs consist of retail location closure costs and employee termination benefits

 (3) Includes employee termination benefits and other associated costs

 (4) Consists of asset impairments for operating lease right-of-use assets

 (5) Includes non-operating losses related to retail location closures

 In addition to the effect on cost of sales shown above related to inventory disposal costs, we estimate we incurred a $0.9 million loss in gross profit due to inventory discounts offered in conjunction with exiting the 12 retail locations. Also in conjunction with our restructuring activities to support operational and administrative improvements, we reassessed and shortened the estimated useful life of certain capitalized software assets, which resulted in an $5.3 million increase to depreciation and amortization expense related to property and equipment in the year ended December 31, 2024.
 As of December 31, 2024, the outstanding restructuring liability was $0.1 million primarily pertaining to contract terminations costs related to retail location closures, which we expect to pay before the end of the first quarter of 2025. However, certain facilities costs related to closed retail locations for which we are pursuing sublease arrangements will be paid over the remaining terms which extend through 2032 at the latest.

 Overall, we expect to incur a total of $2.7 million in restructuring and restructuring-related costs, including the $2.4 million previously incurred. The remainder of the expected charges primarily relate to corporate operational and administrative contract terminations and other associated costs. We expect that these restructuring activities will be substantially completed by the end of the first quarter of 2025 and will improve gross profit margin and profitability while generating annualized cost savings of approximately $12.0 million.

 Refer to Note 17, Restructuring, of the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K ("Consolidated Financial Statements") for additional information regarding restructuring activities.
 GROWTH STRATEGIES
 Our main growth strategy has been to consolidate assets within the fragmented hydroponics industry to leverage efficiencies of a centralized organization. As a result, we have built a business that is driven by a wide selection of products, a strong portfolio of proprietary brands, a solutions-driven staff located in strategic markets around the country, and pick, pack, ship distribution and fulfillment capabilities.
 Since our founding in 2014, we have acquired or opened numerous specialty hydroponic and organic gardening center locations. Management believes that GrowGeneration has the largest chain of specialty retail hydroponic and organic garden centers in the U.S., with 31 retail locations across 12 states as of December 31, 2024. We have also acquired several other types of businesses within or complimentary to the hydroponic industry, such as online retailers, proprietary products, our wholesale distribution business, and our benching, racking, and storage solutions business, MMI. We regularly seek and evaluates accretive acquisition opportunities with similar or complimentary businesses to those businesses it already operates.
 Our main growth strategies for the Storage Solutions segment include expanding the types of customers and industries to which we sell our Storage Solutions products, including greater penetration in controlled environment agriculture, industrial and country club verticals.
 For further detail on all acquisitions please see Note 13, Acquisitions, of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

 COMPONENTS OF RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 Net Sales
 We primarily generate net sales from the selling and distribution of proprietary and non-proprietary brand hydroponic and organic gardening products. In addition to our hydroponic and organic gardening product sales, we sell and install commercial fixtures through our benching, racking, and storage solutions business. Net sales reflect the amount of consideration that we expect to receive, which is derived from a list price reduced by variable consideration, including applicable sales discounts and estimated expected sales returns.
 These sales vary by the type of product: consumables, such as nutrients, additives, growing media, and supplies that are subject to regular replenishment, and durables, such as lighting, environmental control systems, and storage solutions. Generally, in new markets where legalization of plant-based medicines is recent and licensors are starting new grow operations, there is an initial increase of durable product purchases for facility build-outs, which decrease over time as growers establish their operations. Thereafter, we tend to observe cultivators focus their purchasing patterns to consumables as the primary source of product need. In more mature markets, the sales patterns tend to favor higher percentages of consumable purchasing in comparison to emerging markets.
 We assess the organic growth of our Cultivation and Gardening segment net sales on a same-store basis. We believe that our assessment on a same-store basis represents an important indicator of comparative financial results and provides relevant information to assess our performance. New and acquired stores become eligible for inclusion in the comparable store base if the store has been under our ownership for the entire period in the same-store base periods for which we are including the store. Closed stores become ineligible for inclusion in the comparable store base in the month in which operations cease.
 Cost of Sales
 Cost of sales includes cost of goods and shipping costs. Cost of goods consists of cost of merchandise, inbound freight, and other inventory-related costs, such as shrinkage costs and lower of cost or market adjustments. Occupancy expenses of our retail locations and distribution centers, which consist of payroll, rent, and other lease required costs, including common

 area maintenance and utilities, are included as a component of operating expenses within Store operations and other operational expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 Gross Profit
 We calculate gross profit as net sales less cost of sales. Gross profit excludes depreciation and amortization, which are presented separately as a component of operating expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Our gross profit as a percentage of net sales, or gross profit margin, varies with our product mix, in particular the percentage of sales of proprietary brand products compared to non-proprietary brand products and of consumable products compared to durable products. Proprietary products typically have higher gross margins compared to non-proprietary products, and consumable products typically have higher gross margins compared to durable products.
 Operating Expenses
 Operating expenses are comprised of the following components: store operations and other operational expenses; selling, general, and administrative; estimated credit losses; depreciation and amortization; and impairment losses. Store operations and other operational expenses consist primarily of payroll, rent and utilities, and allocated corporate overhead costs. Selling, general, and administrative expenses consist of corporate salaries, stock-based compensation, advertising and promotions, travel and entertainment, professional fees, insurance, and other corporate administrative costs. Selling, general, and administrative expenses as a percentage of net sales typically does not increase commensurate with an increase in net sales. Our largest expenses are generally related to employee compensation and leases, which are primarily fixed and not variable. Our advertising and marketing expenses are largely controllable and variable depending on the particular market.

 RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 A discussion regarding our financial condition and results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the year ended December 31, 2023 is presented below. A discussion regarding our financial condition and results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the year ended December 31, 2022 can be found under Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on March 13, 2024.
 Condensed Results of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023
 The following table presents, for the periods indicated, selected information from our consolidated financial results, including information presented as a percentage of net sales:

 For the Years Ended December 31,

 2024
 2023
 Year-to-Year Variance

 $
 100.0
 %
 $
 100.0
 %
 $
 (37,016)
 (16.4)
 %

 Cost of sales
 145,144
 76.9
 %
 164,624
 72.9
 %
 (19,480)
 (11.8)
 %

 43,722
 23.1
 %
 61,258
 27.1
 %
 (17,536)
 (28.6)
 %

 Operating expenses
 95,694
 50.7
 %
 111,102
 49.2
 %
 (15,408)
 (13.9)
 %

 Loss from operations
 (51,972)
 (27.5)
 %
 (49,844)
 (22.1)
 %
 (2,128)
 4.3
 %

 Other income
 2,620
 1.4
 %
 3,380
 1.5
 %
 (760)
 (22.5)
 %

 Net loss before taxes
 (49,352)
 (26.1)
 %
 (46,464)
 (20.6)
 %
 (2,888)
 6.2
 %

 Provision for income taxes
 (158)
 (0.1)
 %
 (32)
 —
 %
 (126)
 393.8
 %

 $
 (49,510)
 (26.2)
 %
 $
 (46,496)
 (20.6)
 %
 $
 (3,014)
 6.5
 %

 Net Sales
 Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2024 were $188.9 million, a decrease of $37.0 million, or 16.4% as compared to net sales of $225.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2023.
 The decrease in net sales was primarily related to our Cultivation and Gardening segment, which had net sales of $163.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and $194.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. This decrease in net sales was primarily due to the closure of 19 retail locations during 2024, which include the 12 redundant or underperforming retail locations consolidated in conjunction with the restructuring plan. In addition to continued industry

 pricing compression on distributed products, we estimate that inventory sales discounts related to exiting the 12 restructuring retail locations contributed to reduced net sales of $0.9 million in the year ended December 31, 2024. Same-store sales increased approximately 0.9%, primarily attributable to commercial sales growth and customer retention in markets where there were retail location closures. Proprietary brand sales as a percentage of Cultivation and Gardening net sales increased to 24.2% for the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to 18.8% for the year ended December 31, 2023, largely driven by our strategic initiatives to increase sales volume with our expanded portfolio of proprietary brands and various product launches. The percentage of Cultivation and Gardening net sales related to consumable products for the year ended December 31, 2024 was 72.2%, an increase from 71.7% for the year ended December 31, 2023, which was mainly driven by increased brand adoption of proprietary growing media and nutrient products.
 Additionally, net sales of commercial fixtures within our Storage Solutions segment decreased to $25.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to $31.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to a similar volume of projects with a decrease in average project size.
 Cost of Sales
 Cost of sales for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $145.1 million, a decrease of $19.5 million or 11.8%, compared to $164.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The corresponding reduction in cost of sales as compared to the 16.4% decrease in sales as previously discussed, was largely offset by the additional $1.0 million of inventory disposal costs incurred as part of the restructuring plan as well as costs related to the strategic rationalization of our product offerings, reduced inventory discounts from vendors, and other non-recurring costs associated with store consolidations in the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the year ended December 31, 2023.
 Gross Profit
 Gross profit was $43.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to $61.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, a decrease of $17.5 million or 28.6%. The decrease in gross profit was primarily related to the Cultivation and Gardening segment, which decreased $15.2 million or 32.1% for the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, largely as a result of the decrease in sales volume due to store consolidations and the effects of the strategic restructuring plan, including the estimated $0.9 million in inventory sales discounts, the additional $1.0 million of inventory disposal costs, and the strategic rationalization of our product offerings in the year ended December 31, 2024. Additionally, gross profit from our Storage Solutions segment decreased $2.3 million, or 16.6%, in the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the year ended December 31, 2023 primarily driven by the decrease in revenue.
 Gross profit margin was 23.1% for the year ended December 31, 2024, a decrease of 400 basis points from a gross profit margin of 27.1% for the year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease in gross profit margin was largely driven by the Cultivation and Gardening segment, which had a gross profit margin of 19.7% for the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to 24.4%, due to the effects of the strategic restructuring plan, including the inventory disposal costs, sales discounts, and product offering rationalization, reduced inventory discounts from vendors, and continued industry pricing compression on distributed products. The decrease was partially offset by an increase in the Storage Solutions segment gross profit margin to 45.6% in the year ended December 31, 2024 from 44.1% in the year ended December 31, 2023.
 Operating Expenses
 Operating expenses are comprised of store operations and other operational expenses, selling, general, and administrative, estimated credit losses, depreciation and amortization, and impairment loss. Operating expenses were $95.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 and $111.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, a decrease of $15.4 million or 13.9%.
 Store operating costs and other operational expenses, which consisted primarily of payroll, rent and utilities, and allocated corporate overhead costs, were $40.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to $48.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, a decrease of $7.9 million or 16.4%. The decrease in store operating costs was primarily due to the 19 retail locations closed during 2024, including the 12 redundant or underperforming retail locations consolidated in conjunction with the restructuring plan. This decrease was partially offset by the additional $0.8 million of restructuring costs incurred in the year ended December 31, 2024 related to exiting those retail locations and the related employee termination benefits.
 Total corporate overhead, which is comprised of selling, general, and administrative, estimated credit losses, and depreciation and amortization, was $48.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to $47.4 million for

 the year ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $1.3 million or 2.7%. The increase in corporate overhead was primarily due to the $2.8 million increase in depreciation and amortization expense, which was largely attributed to the $5.3 million increase related to the accelerated depreciation and amortization for certain capitalized software assets reassessed as part of our restructuring activities and was partially offset by a $2.1 million decrease in amortization expense related to intangible assets as a result of intangible asset impairments in the year ended December 31, 2023. This increase was further offset by a $1.0 million decrease in estimated credit losses in the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the year ended December 31, 2023, primarily due to a $0.3 million settlement received in bankruptcy proceedings related to a note receivable in the year ended December 31, 2024 which had been reserved for in the prior year. Additionally, selling, general, and administrative expenses decreased $0.6 million as a result of decreased professional fees and corporate expenses and decreased share-based compensation.
 Impairment loss was $6.9 million in the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $15.7 million in the year ended December 31, 2023. For each of the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the impairment losses predominately related to our goodwill and intangible assets. Refer to the discussion within Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates section as well as Note 6, Goodwill and Intangible Assets, of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding our impairment losses. Additionally, in conjunction with our strategic restructuring activities in 2024, we assessed the right-of-use assets of certain closed retail locations for impairment when we anticipated the total remaining lease cost for the term to be greater than the anticipated sublease income, which resulted in an impairment loss of $0.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2024
 Other Income
 Other income for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $2.6 million, a decrease of $0.8 million as compared to other income of $3.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. This decrease was primarily attributable to the $0.9 million gain recognized in the year ended December 31, 2023 related to a prior acquisition indemnity holdback.

 Use of Non-GAAP Financial Information

 The following non-GAAP financial measures of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not in accordance with, or an alternative for, generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures, when used in conjunction with their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, net income (loss), provide meaningful supplemental information to both management and investors, facilitating the evaluation of performance across reporting periods, identify trends affecting our business, and project future performance. Management uses these non-GAAP financial measures for internal planning and reporting purposes, and we believe that these non-GAAP financial measures may be useful to investors in their assessment of our operating performance, our ability to generate cash, and valuation. In addition, these non-GAAP financial measures address questions routinely received from analysts and investors and, in order to ensure that all investors have access to the same data, we have determined that it is appropriate to make this data available to all investors. These non-GAAP financial measures may be different from non-GAAP financial measures used by other companies.

 EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

 EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP financial measures commonly used in our industry and should not be construed in isolation as substitutions to net income (loss) as indicators of operating performance or as alternatives to cash flow provided by operating activities as a measure of liquidity (each as determined in accordance with GAAP). GrowGeneration defines EBITDA as net income (loss) before interest income, interest expense, income tax expense, depreciation and amortization, and Adjusted EBITDA as further adjusted to exclude certain items such as stock-based compensation, impairment losses, restructuring and corporate rationalization costs, and other non-core or non-recurring expenses and to include income from our marketable securities as these investments are part of our operational business strategy and increase the cash available to us.
 Set forth below is a reconciliation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA to net loss (in thousands):

 Year ended December 31,

 2024
 2023
 2022

 $
 (49,510)
 $
 (46,496)
 $
 (163,747)

 Provision (benefit) for income taxes
 (2,885)

 Interest income
 (2,703)
 (2,696)
 (580)

 Interest expense

 EBITDA
 $
 (32,549)
 $
 (32,456)
 $
 (150,059)

 2,422
 3,171
 4,967

 Investment income
 2,582
 2,696
 —

 Impairment loss (1)

 6,875
 15,659

 Restructuring plan (2)

 3,009
 —
 —

 Consolidation and other charges (3)

 3,160
 5,376

 Adjusted EBITDA
 $
 (14,501)
 $
 (5,554)
 $
 (16,693)

 (1) Impairment loss related to impairments of goodwill and intangible assets and the restructuring plan for operating lease right-of-use assets impairments

 (2) Includes the $2.1 million incurred in the Consolidated Statements of Operations related to the restructuring plan as well as an estimated additional $0.9 million loss in gross profit due to inventory discounts offered in conjunction with the restructuring plan

 (3) Consists primarily of expenditures related to the activity of store and distribution consolidation, one-time severances outside of the restructuring plan announced July 2024, and other non-core or non-recurring expenses

 LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
 As of December 31, 2024, we had working capital of $88.9 million, compared to working capital of $116.5 million as of December 31, 2023, a decrease of $27.6 million. The decrease in working capital from December 31, 2023 to December 31, 2024 was due primarily to reductions in inventory and cash and cash equivalents used to repurchase common stock.
 As of December 31, 2024, we had cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities of $56.5 million. Currently, we are not aware of any extraordinary demands, commitments, or uncertainties that would materially reduce our current working capital. Our material future cash requirements from contractual and other obligations relate primarily to our operating leases. Refer to Note 8, Leases, of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding leases.
 We may need additional financing through equity offerings and/or debt financings in the future to continue to expand our business consistent with our growth strategies. However, management believes that the Company is adequately funded to support current and future operations in the next twelve months. To date we have financed our operations through the issuance of common stock, convertible notes, and warrants, as well as cash generated from operations.
 Share Repurchase Program

 On March 20, 2024, the Board of Directors of GrowGeneration authorized a share repurchase program, whereby we could repurchase up to $6.0 million worth of our common stock in open market transactions pursuant to Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act and a 10b5-1 trading plan. The program began on April 1, 2024. This share repurchase program was intended to enhance long-term shareholder value. The program did not obligate us to acquire any specific number of shares or to acquire any shares over any specific period of time. The timing and amount of any repurchases was dependent upon factors such as the stock price, trading volumes, market conditions, and regulatory requirements. The stock repurchase program could be amended, suspended, or discontinued at any time by GrowGeneration. Except for the our generally applicable insider trading policies, we do not maintain any policies or procedures relating to purchases and sales of our securities by our officers and directors during a repurchase program.

 During the year ended December 31, 2024, we repurchased 2.5 million shares of common stock for $6.0 million, an average price of $2.38 per share. As of December 31, 2024, we had completed all purchases available under the stock repurchase program. We retired all 2.5 million shares of common stock repurchased under the program in the year ended December 31, 2024.
 Cash Flows
 The following discussion sets forth the major sources and uses of cash for the year ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023. A discussion regarding the major sources and uses of cash for the year ended December 31, 2022 can be found under Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on March 13, 2024.
 Operating Activities
 Net cash and cash equivalents used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $1.8 million, compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $1.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The changes in operating cash were primarily driven by the changes in gross profit and operating expenses, excluding non-cash changes such as depreciation and amortization and impairment loss, as previously discussed in the Results of Operations section as well as changes in working capital, primarily inventory.
 Investing Activities
 Net cash and cash equivalents provided by investing activities was $5.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to net cash used in investing activities of $11.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. Investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2024 were primarily related to investment of excess cash into marketable securities of $52.6 million, offset by maturity of marketable securities of $60.2 million. We also had purchases of property and equipment of $2.0 million. Investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2023 were primarily related to investment of excess cash into marketable securities of $98.7 million, acquisitions of $3.1 million, and the purchase of property and equipment primarily related to the design of a new enterprise resource planning software system of $6.7 million, partially offset by maturities of marketable securities of $96.8 million.

 Financing Activities
 Net cash and cash equivalents used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2024 was $6.2 million, primarily attributable to common stock repurchased under our share repurchase program. Net cash and cash equivalents used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2023 was $0.3 million, related primarily to common stock withheld for employee payroll taxes.
 Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
 The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and judgments regarding matters that are uncertain and susceptible to change that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expense. Critical accounting policies are defined as those policies that are reflective of significant judgments, estimates and uncertainties, which could potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. Management regularly reviews the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the financial statements for reasonableness and adequacy based on historical experience and various other market-specific and other relevant assumptions.
 Our significant accounting policies are discussed in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, of the Consolidated Financial Statements and should be read in conjunction with this discussion. However, the following discussion pertains to accounting policies we believe reflect the more significant judgments and estimates used in preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements. Other companies in similar businesses may use different estimation policies and methodologies, which may affect the comparability of our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows to those of other companies.
 Goodwill Impairment
 Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with acquisitions in accordance to ASC 805, Business Combinations. Goodwill is not amortized but instead is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level at least annually, or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist. Effective the fourth quarter of 2023 and prospectively, we perform our goodwill impairment assessment for each of our four reporting units that have goodwill on December 1 of each fiscal year, rather than on December 31 which was our previous practice.
 We assess goodwill using either a qualitative or quantitative approach to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. The qualitative assessment evaluates factors including macro-economic conditions, industry-specific and company-specific considerations, legal and regulatory environments, and historical performance. If we determine that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, a quantitative assessment is performed. Otherwise, no further assessment is required. Additionally, an election can be made to bypass the qualitative assessment for any reporting unit in any period and proceed directly to performing a quantitative goodwill impairment assessment for a reporting unit.
 The quantitative approach compares the estimated fair value of the reporting unit, including goodwill, to its carrying amount. We perform a quantitative impairment assessment for its reporting units using a fair value method based on management's judgements and assumptions or third-party valuations. The fair value of a reporting unit refers to the price that would be received to sell the unit as a whole in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. We determined fair value using the income approach, where estimated future cash flows are discounted to present value at an appropriate rate of return. Multiples of earnings based on the average of historical, published multiples of earnings of comparable entities with similar operations and economic characteristics are also used in developing estimated fair values. The inputs utilized in the analyses are classified as Level 3 inputs within the fair value hierarchy as defined in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement.
 These calculations contain uncertainties as they require management to make assumptions about market comparables, future cash flows, and appropriate discount rates to reflect the risk inherent in the future cash flows and to derive a reasonable enterprise value and related premium. The estimated future cash flows reflect management's latest assumptions of the financial projections based on current and anticipated competitive landscape, including estimates of revenue based on production volumes over the foreseeable future and long-term growth rates, and operating margins based on historical trends and future cost containment activities. A change in any of these estimates and assumptions could produce a different fair value, which could have a material impact on the results of the goodwill impairment assessment and the our results of operations.

 The estimated fair value is then compared with the carrying amount of the reporting unit, including recorded goodwill. The Company is subject to financial statement risk to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds the estimated fair value.
 For the goodwill impairment test performed on December 1, 2024, we elected different approaches based on the circumstances surrounding each reporting unit. Of our four reporting units, only three had remaining goodwill balances. We elected to qualitatively review one reporting unit for events and circumstances which would indicate whether it was more than likely than not reporting unit fair values were below carrying values. The qualitative assessment did not identify any indicators of impairment, and accordingly, no further impairment assessments were necessary. For the remaining two reporting units, we elected to bypass the qualitative assessment and proceed directly to a quantitative assessment. The estimated fair value of each reporting unit was compared to each respective carrying amount, and, as a result of changes to the business and future projections, we recorded a goodwill impairment loss of $5.9 million.
 For the year ended December 31, 2023, we completed a quantitative goodwill impairment assessment for each reporting unit. As a result of changes to the business and future projections, we recorded a goodwill impairment loss of $9.3 million. Refer to Note 6, Goodwill and Intangible Assets, of the Consolidated Financial Statements.
 Recoverability of Long-Lived Assets
 We review the recoverability of our long-lived assets, including property and equipment, operating leases right-of-use assets, and intangible assets, when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on the ability to recover the carrying value of the asset from the expected future pretax cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) of the related operations. If these cash flows are less than the carrying value of such asset, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between estimated fair value and carrying value.
 The measurement of impairment requires management to make estimates of these cash flows related to long-lived assets, as well as other fair value determinations. The estimated fair values of the assets are measured using an income approach, which utilizes forecasted discounted cash flows. The inputs utilized in the analyses are classified as Level 3 inputs within the fair value hierarchy as defined in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, and primarily consist of expected future operating margins and cash flows, weighted average cost of capital rates, estimated salable values and third-party appraisal techniques such as market comparables. To the extent that profitability declines as compared to forecasted profitability or if adverse changes occur to key assumptions or other fair value measurement inputs, further impairment of long-lived assets could occur in the future.
 For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, we quantitatively evaluated the recoverability of our long-lived assets for impairment in conjunction with our annual goodwill impairment assessment. As a result, we identified a $0.7 million and $6.2 million impairment loss related to our finite-lived intangible assets in 2024 and 2023, respectively.
 For the year ended December 31, 2024, we also identified a $0.2 million impairment loss related to operating lease right-of-use assets of certain closed retail locations in conjunction with our strategic restructuring plan. Additionally, for the year ended December 31, 2023 we identified a $0.1 million impairment loss related to our operating lease right-of-use assets.

 RECENTLY ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
 Refer to Note 3, Recent Accounting Pronouncements, of the Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding recently issued accounting standards.

 ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
 Market risk is the risk of economic losses due to adverse changes in financial market prices and rates.
 Interest Rate Risk
 We currently have no material exposure to interest rate risk from investments. We currently invest a portion of our excess cash primarily in money market funds and fixed-income securities with short-term maturities, including debt instruments of the U.S. government and its agencies, high quality corporate bonds, and commercial paper. Due to the short-term nature of these investments, we do not believe that there will be material exposure to interest rate risk arising from our investments.
 Impact of Inflation
 Our results of operations and financial condition are presented based on historical costs. Inflation affects our cost of sales and operating expenses. We maintain strategies to mitigate the impact of higher raw material, energy, and commodity costs, which include cost reduction, sourcing, passing along certain cost increases to customers, and other actions, which may offset only a portion of the adverse impact.

 ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

 Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms (PCAOB ID 248)

 F- 2

 Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2024 and 2023

 F- 5

 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022

 F- 6

 Consolidated Statements of Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022

 F- 7

 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for Years Ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022

 F- 8

 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 F- 9

 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 Board of Directors and Stockholders
 GrowGeneration Corp.

 Opinion on the financial statements
 We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of GrowGeneration Corp. (a Colorado corporation) and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the "consolidated financial statements"). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2024, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB"), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission ("COSO"), and our report dated March 13, 2025 expressed an adverse opinion.

 Basis for opinion
 These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

 We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 Critical audit matter
 The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

 During a portion of the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company's previously reported material weaknesses related to the control environment, information and communication, and control activities ("the material weaknesses") continued to exist. The prevention, detection, and correction of material misstatements of the consolidated financial statements, is dependent, in part, on management (i) designing and maintaining an effective control environment, including maintaining sufficient resources within the accounting and financial reporting department to review complex financial reporting transactions; and updating and distributing accounting policies and procedures across the organization (ii) designing and implementing effective information and communication processes to identify and assess the source of and controls necessary to ensure the reliability of information used in financial reporting and that communicates relevant information about roles and responsibilities for internal control over financial reporting and (iii) designing and implementing effective process-level control activities and general information technology controls related to financial reporting processes. We identified the impact on our audit of the material weaknesses as a critical audit matter.

 The principal consideration for our determination that the impact of the material weaknesses on our audit is a critical audit matter is that especially challenging auditor judgment was required in designing audit procedures and evaluating audit

 evidence due to the ineffective system of internal control over financial reporting that existed during portions of the year, which affects substantially all consolidated financial statement account balances and disclosures.

 Our audit procedures related to the material weaknesses included the following, among others:

 • We determined the nature and extent of audit procedures that are responsive to the risk of material misstatement as a result of the material weaknesses and evaluated the evidence obtained from the procedures performed.
 • We lowered the threshold used for investigating differences noted for recorded amounts.
 • We selected larger sample sizes for tests of details.
 • We substantively tested the accuracy and completeness of system-generated reports used in the audit and more extensively tested these reports.
 • We increased the extent of supervision over the execution of audit procedures.

 /s/ Grant Thornton LLP
 We have served as the Company's auditor since 2022.
 Denver, Colorado

 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 Board of Directors and Stockholders
 GrowGeneration Corp.

 Opinion on internal control over financial reporting
 We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of GrowGeneration Corp. (a Colorado corporation) and subsidiaries (the "Company") as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission ("COSO"). In our opinion, because of the effect of the material weakness described in the following paragraphs on the achievement of the objectives of the control criteria, the Company has not maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on criteria established in the 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by COSO.

 A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of control deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the company's annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. The following material weakness has been identified and included in management's assessment.

 The Company identified a material weakness resulting from control deficiencies in information technology general controls related to a certain enterprise resource planning system for the operations within the Storage Solutions segment.

 We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) ("PCAOB"), the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024. The material weakness identified above was considered in determining the nature, timing, and extent of audit tests applied in our audit of the 2024 consolidated financial statements, and this report does not affect our report dated March 13, 2025 which expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.

 Basis for opinion
 The Company's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

 We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 Definition and limitations of internal control over financial reporting
 A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

 Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 /s/ Grant Thornton LLP
 Denver, Colorado

 CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
 (in thousands, except shares)

2024
2023

 ASSETS

 Current assets:

 Cash and cash equivalents
 $
 27,471
 $
 29,757

 Marketable securities
 28,984
 35,212

 Accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $ 2,177 and $ 1,363 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively

 7,361
 8,895

 Notes receivable, current, net of allowance for credit losses of $ — and $ 1,732 at December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively

 1,056

 40,295
 64,905

 Prepaid income taxes

 Prepaid and other current assets
 7,896
 7,973

 Total current assets
 113,208
 147,451

 Property and equipment, net
 15,493
 27,052

 Operating leases right-of-use assets, net
 34,453
 39,933

 Notes receivable, long-term
 —

 Intangible assets, net
 8,779
 16,180

 Goodwill
 1,605
 7,525

 Other assets

 TOTAL ASSETS
 $
 174,352
 $
 239,090

 LIABILITIES & STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

 Current liabilities:

 Accounts payable
 8,146
 11,666

 Accrued liabilities
 2,358
 2,530

 Payroll and payroll tax liabilities
 2,655
 2,169

 Customer deposits
 2,404
 5,359

 Sales tax payable
 1,313
 1,185

 Current maturities of operating lease liabilities
 7,398
 8,021

 Total current liabilities
 24,274
 30,930

 Operating lease liabilities, net of current maturities
 29,633
 34,448

 Other long-term liabilities

 Total liabilities
 $
 54,259
 $
 65,695

 Commitments and contingencies (Note 16)

 Stockholders' Equity:

 Common stock; $.001 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized; 59,402,628 and 61,483,762 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively

 Additional paid-in capital
 375,677
 373,433

 Accumulated deficit
 ( 255,643)
 ( 200,099)

 Total stockholders' equity
 120,093
 173,395

 TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
 $
 174,352
 $
 239,090

 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these audited Consolidated Financial Statements.

 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
 (in thousands, except per share)

 For the Years Ended December 31,

 2024
 2023
 2022

 $
 $
 $
 278,166

 Cost of sales (exclusive of depreciation and amortization shown below)
 145,144
 164,624
 207,903

 43,722
 61,258
 70,263

 Operating expenses:

 Store operations and other operational expenses
 40,198
 48,082
 54,680

 Selling, general, and administrative
 29,243
 29,799
 36,758

 Estimated credit (recoveries) losses
 ( 58)
 1,737

 Impairment loss
 6,875
 15,659

 Total operating expenses
 95,694
 111,102
 238,138

 Loss from operations
 ( 51,972)
 ( 49,844)
 ( 167,875)

 Other income (expense):

 Other (expense) income
 ( 13)

 Interest income
 2,703
 2,696

 Interest expense
 ( 70)
 ( 97)
 ( 21)

 Total other income
 2,620
 3,380
 1,243

 Net loss before taxes
 ( 49,352)
 ( 46,464)
 ( 166,632)

 (Provision) benefit for income taxes
 ( 158)
 ( 32)
 2,885

 $
 $
 $

 Net loss per share, basic
 $
 ( 0.82)
 $
 ( 0.76)
 $
 ( 2.69)

 Net loss per share, diluted
 $
 ( 0.82)
 $
 ( 0.76)
 $
 ( 2.69)

 Weighted average shares outstanding, basic
 60,176
 61,181
 60,813

 Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted
 60,176
 61,181
 60,813

 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these audited Consolidated Financial Statements.

 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
 (in thousands)

 Common Stock
 Treasury Stock
 Additional
Paid-In
Capital
 Retained Earnings (Deficit)
 Total
Stockholders'
Equity

 Shares
 Shares

 Balance as of December 31, 2021
 59,929
 $
 —
 $
 —
 $
 361,087
 $
 10,144
 $
 371,291

 Common stock issued in connection with business combinations
 —
 —
 5,710
 —
 5,711

 Adjustment for prior period acquisition
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —

 Common stock issued for share-based compensation
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —

 —
 —
 —
 —
 4,514
 —
 4,514

 Common stock withheld for employee payroll taxes
 —
 —
 —
 —
 ( 1,618)
 —
 ( 1,618)

 Common stock issued upon exercise of options
 —
 —
 —
 —

 Common stock issued upon cashless exercise of options
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —

 Common stock issued upon cashless exercise of warrants
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —

 Common stock issued in connection with asset acquisition
 —
 —
 —
 —

 —
 —
 —
 —
 —

 Balance as of December 31, 2022
 61,010
 $
 —
 $
 —
 $
 369,938
 $
 ( 153,603)
 $
 216,396

 Common stock issued for share-based compensation
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —

 Common stock withheld for employee payroll taxes
 —
 —
 —
 —
 ( 263)
 —
 ( 263)

 —
 —
 —
 —
 2,985
 —
 2,985

 Non-cash repurchase of liability awards
 —
 —
 —
 —
 —

 Liability redemption associated with business acquisition
 —
 —
 —
 —

 —
 —
 —
 —
 —

 Balance as of December 31, 2023
 61,484
 $
 —
 $
 —
 $
 373,433
 $
 ( 200,099)
 $
 173,395

 Common stock issued for share-based compensation
 —
 —
 —
 —

 Common stock withheld for employee payroll taxes
 —
 —
 —
 —
 ( 177)
 —
 ( 177)

 —
 —
 —
 —
 2,421
 —
 2,421

 Repurchase of common stock
 —
 —
 ( 2,517)
 ( 6,037)
 —
 —
 ( 6,037)

 Cancellation of common stock
 ( 2,517)
 ( 3)
 2,517
 6,037
 —
 ( 6,034)
 —

 —
 —
 —
 —
 —

 59,403
 $
 —
 $
 —
 $
 375,677
 $
 ( 255,643)
 $
 120,093

 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these audited Consolidated Financial Statements.

 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 (in thousands)

 Years Ended December 31,

 2024
 2023
 2022

 Cash flows from operating activities:

 $
 $
 $

 Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:

 Estimated credit (recoveries) losses
 ( 58)
 1,737

 2,421
 3,171
 4,967

 Impairment loss related to goodwill and intangible assets
 6,655
 15,526

 Impairment loss on operating lease right-of-use assets
 —

 Provision for deferred income taxes
 —
 —
 ( 2,359)

 Loss on asset disposition

 Change in value of marketable securities
 ( 1,326)
 ( 1,438)
 —

 Changes in operating assets and liabilities (net of the effect of acquisitions):

 Accounts and notes receivable
 ( 300)
 ( 3,106)

 24,557
 13,773
 32,890

 Prepaid expenses and other assets
 3,898
 10,827

 Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
 ( 3,712)
 ( 3,035)
 ( 3,359)

 Operating leases
 ( 173)

 Customer deposits
 ( 2,955)
 1,021
 ( 8,590)

 Payroll and payroll tax liabilities
 ( 2,502)
 ( 2,769)

 Sales taxes payable
 ( 156)
 ( 582)

 Other
 —
 —

 Net cash and cash equivalents (used in) provided by operating activities
 ( 1,799)
 1,421
 11,948

 Cash flows from investing activities:

 Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
 —
 ( 3,050)
 ( 7,230)

 Purchase of property and equipment
 ( 1,978)
 ( 6,698)
 ( 12,896)

 Purchase of marketable securities
 ( 52,639)
 ( 98,680)
 ( 38,692)

 Maturities of marketable securities
 60,193
 96,758
 46,633

 Proceeds from disposals of assets

 Net cash and cash equivalents provided by (used in) investing activities
 5,726
 ( 11,405)
 ( 11,573)

 Cash flows from financing activities:

 Principal payments on long-term debt
 —
 ( 50)
 ( 108)

 Common stock withheld for employee payroll taxes
 ( 176)
 ( 263)
 ( 1,618)

 Common stock repurchased
 ( 6,037)
 —
 —

 Proceeds from the sales of common stock and exercise of warrants and options, net of expenses
 —
 —

 Net cash and cash equivalents used in financing activities
 ( 6,213)
 ( 313)
 ( 1,693)

 Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
 ( 2,286)
 ( 10,297)
 ( 1,318)

 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
 29,757
 40,054
 41,372

 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
 $
 27,471
 $
 29,757
 $
 40,054

 Supplemental Information:

 Cash paid for interest
 $
 $
 $

 Cash paid for income taxes
 $
 $
 $
 —

 Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new or modified operating lease liabilities
 $
 3,506
 $
 4,289
 $
 9,607

 Non-cash repurchase of liability awards
 $
 —
 $
 $
 —

 Non-cash issuance of a note receivable
 $
 —
 $
 $
 —

 Liability redemption associated with business acquisition
 $
 —
 $
 $
 —

 Indemnity holdback from business acquisition
 $
 —
 $
 —
 $

 Common stock issued for business combinations
 $
 —
 $
 —
 $
 5,710

 Common stock issued for intangible assets
 $
 —
 $
 —
 $

 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these audited Consolidated Financial Statements.

 1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS
 GrowGeneration Corp. (together with its direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries, collectively "GrowGeneration" or the "Company") was incorporated in Colorado in 2014. Since then, GrowGeneration has grown from a small chain of specialty retail hydroponic and organic garden centers to a multifaceted business with diverse assets. Today, GrowGeneration operates two major lines of business: its Cultivation and Gardening segment, composed of the Company's hydroponic and organic gardening business; and its Storage Solutions segment, composed of the Company's benching, racking, and storage solutions business.
 As of December 31, 2024, GrowGeneration has 31 retail locations across 12 states in the U.S. The Company also operates an online superstore at growgeneration.com, as well as a wholesale distribution business for resellers, and a benching, racking, and storage solutions business, Mobile Media or MMI.

 2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
 Basis of Presentation and Consolidation
 The Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared under the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 105-10, Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. ("GAAP").
 The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of GrowGeneration Corp. and its direct and indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.
 All amounts included in the accompanying notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements, except per share data, are in thousands (000).
 Use of Estimates
 The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could vary from the estimates that were used.
 Revenue Recognition
 The Company's revenue is primarily generated from sales of its hydroponic and organic gardening proprietary brand products and non-proprietary brand products through its retail locations, e-commerce platforms, wholesale distribution, and commercial sales organization. In addition to its hydroponic and organic gardening product sales, the Company sells and installs commercial fixtures through its benching, racking, and storage solutions business.
 The Company recognizes revenue when performance obligations under the terms of a contract with its customer are satisfied. Revenue is recognized at the point in time when the Company has satisfied its performance obligation and the customer has obtained control of the products or when services have been completed. In evaluating the timing of the transfer of control of products to customers, the Company considers several control indicators, including significant risks and rewards of products, the Company's right to payment, and the legal title of the products. Based on the assessment of control indicators, product sales are typically recognized when product is delivered to or picked up by the customer. Promises related to product installation are considered a separate performance obligation from the product sale because the products can be used without customization or modification and the installation is not complex and can be performed by other vendors. Installation revenue is recognized upon completion of the installation services.
 Revenues are measured as the amount of consideration that the Company expects to receive, which is derived from a list price, reduced by variable consideration including applicable sales discounts and estimated expected sales returns. The majority of the Company's returns come from retail sales. Estimating future returns requires judgment based on current and historical trends, and actual returns may vary from management's estimates. Sales and other taxes collected concurrent with revenue producing activities are also excluded from revenue.

 The Company provides standard assurance type warranties that its products and installation services will comply with all agreed-upon specifications. No services beyond an assurance type warranty are provided to customers.
 Payment for goods and services sold by the Company is typically due upon satisfaction of the performance obligations. Under certain circumstances, the Company does provide goods and services to customers on a credit basis (see Accounts Receivable, Notes Receivable and Concentration of Credit Risk below). When the Company receives payment from customers before the customer obtains control of the merchandise or the service has been performed, the amount received is recorded as a customer deposit in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets until the sale or service is complete.
 In accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, the Company has elected the practical expedient to exclude the value of remaining performance obligations for contracts with an original term of one year or less and the practical expedient for shipping and handling costs. Shipping and handling costs incurred to deliver products to customers are accounted for as fulfillment activities, rather than a promised service, and as such are included in Cost of sales in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 Cost of Sales
 Cost of sales includes cost of goods and shipping costs. Cost of goods consists of cost of merchandise, inbound freight, and other inventory-related costs, such as shrinkage costs and lower of cost or net realizable value adjustments. Occupancy expenses of the Company's retail locations and distribution centers, which consist of payroll, rent, and other lease required costs, including common area maintenance and utilities, are included as a component of Store operations and other operational expenses on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company does not consider these occupancy expenses to be part of the costs to bring its products to the finished condition and therefore records such costs as Store operations and other operational expenses rather than Cost of sales.
 Cash and Cash Equivalents
 The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company's cash equivalents consist primarily of money market funds.
 Financial instruments that potentially expose the Company to concentrations of risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents and accounts receivable, which are generally not collateralized. The Company's policy is to place its cash and cash equivalents with high-quality financial institutions in order to limit the amount of credit exposure. Accounts at each institution are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") up to $ 250,000. Additionally, certain cash equivalents maintained with investment institutions are insured by a combination of the Securities Investor Protection Corporation ("SIPC") up to $ 500,000, which includes a $ 250,000 limit for cash, and additional private insurance, which mitigates the Company's exposure. As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $ 25.9 million in excess of the FDIC, SIPC, and other insurance limits.
 Marketable Securities
 Marketable securities investments primarily consist of fixed-income securities with short-term maturities, which are not actively traded by the Company. The marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale and are carried at fair value based on quoted market prices. Changes in fair value of marketable securities, principally derived from accretion of discounts, were $ 1.3 million and $ 1.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 and were immaterial for the year ended December 31, 2022. Changes in fair value of marketable securities are included in Interest income on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 Accounts Receivable
 Accounts receivable consist primarily of trade receivables stated at the amount of consideration that the Company expects to collect from balances outstanding at period-end, net of allowances for credit losses. The Company estimates its allowance for credit losses and the related expected credit loss based upon the Company's historical credit loss experience and the age of the account adjusted for asset-specific risk characteristics, current economic conditions, relationship with the customer, and reasonable forecasts. Accounts receivable are written off or fully reserved when collection of amounts due is deemed improbable. Indicators of improbable collection include client bankruptcy, client litigation, client cash flow difficulties, and ongoing service or billing disputes. Credit is generally extended on a short-term basis, thus current receivables do not bear interest. Interest on past due balances are subject to an interest charge of 1.5 % per month.

 Notes Receivable
 From time-to-time, the Company has executed notes receivables to third parties secured by collateral. Notes receivable generally have terms of 12 months to 18 months and bear interest from 12 to 14 % per annum. Generally, the underlying collateral is product or equipment financed by the note receivable.
 Notes receivable are stated at the amount the Company expects to collect from balances outstanding at period-end, net of allowances for credit losses. The Company estimates its allowance for credit losses and the related expected credit loss based upon the Company's historical credit loss experience and the age of the account adjusted for asset-specific risk characteristics, current economic conditions, relationship with the customer, and reasonable forecasts. A reserve for uncollectible notes receivable is established when collection of amounts due is deemed improbable. Indicators of improbable collection include client bankruptcy, client litigation, client cash flow difficulties, and ongoing service or billing disputes.
 When management determines, after considering economic and business conditions and collection efforts, that an allowance for credit losses is necessary for a note receivable or collection of interest on the note is improbable, the accrual of interest on the instrument ceases. Any payment received on such non-accrual note receivable is recorded as interest income when the payment is received. Once payments of principal and interest are current, the Company resumes accruing interest on the note receivable.
 The Company periodically reviews the value of the underlying collateral for the note receivable and evaluates whether the value of the collateral continues to provide adequate security for the note. Should the value of the underlying collateral become less than the outstanding principal and interest, the Company will determine whether an allowance or impairment of the note receivable and related accrued interest is necessary. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company believes the value of the underlying collateral to be sufficient and in excess of the respective outstanding principal and accrued interest, net of recognized allowance for credit losses.
 Concentration of Credit Risk
 The Company is exposed to credit risk in the normal course of business, primarily related to accounts receivable and notes receivable. The Company is affected by general economic conditions in the U.S. To limit credit risk, management periodically reviews and evaluates the financial condition of customers and maintains an allowance for credit losses. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company does not believe that it has significant credit risk.
 Inventory consists predominantly of gardening supplies and materials, fixtures, and equipment, and is recorded at the lower of cost (weighted average cost method) or net realizable value. The inventory balance includes raw materials of $ 2.4 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, with the remainder consisting of finished goods. The Company periodically reviews the value of items in inventory and provides write-downs or write-offs of inventory based on its assessment of market conditions. Write-downs and write-offs are charged to cost of sales. During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, the Company recorded $ 6.5 million, $ 4.8 million, and $ 7.8 million, respectively, to inventory write-downs due to shrink and obsolescence.
 Property and Equipment
 Property and equipment are recorded at cost, or at the allocated fair value for assets acquired in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations, and depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the remaining term of the lease or the useful life of the improvement. Renewals and betterment that materially extend the life of the asset are capitalized. With respect to constructed assets, all materials, direct labor, and contract services, as well as certain indirect costs, are capitalized. Costs for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.
 Computer software development costs and website development costs are expensed as incurred, except for internal-use software or website development costs that qualify for capitalization in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other, and include certain employee related expenses, including salaries, bonuses, benefits, and share-based compensation expenses; costs of computer hardware and software; and costs incurred in developing features and functionality. The Company expenses costs incurred in the preliminary project and post-implementation stages of software

 development and capitalizes costs incurred in the application development stage and costs associated with significant enhancements to existing internal use software applications. Costs incurred related to less significant modifications and enhancements as well as maintenance are expensed as incurred. These capitalized software costs are amortized on a straight-line basis over an estimated useful life commencing when the software project is ready for its intended use.
 The general range of estimated useful lives for property and equipment are as follows:

 Estimated Lives

 Vehicles
 5 years

 Buildings
 20 - 30 years

 Furniture and fixtures
 3 - 7 years

 Computers and equipment
 3 - 5 years

 Capitalized software
 3 - 8 years

 Leasehold improvements
 3 - 10 years, not to exceed lease term

 The Company reviews for impairment indicators and recoverability of long-lived assets, including property and equipment, when circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. Refer to the Recoverability of long-lived assets significant accounting policy.
 Intangible Assets
 Intangible assets primarily include trade names, customer relationships, non-compete agreements, and intellectual property with finite lives identified in connection with acquisitions in accordance to ASC 805, Business Combinations. For each acquisition, the Company allocates the purchase price to the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including intangible assets, based on estimated fair values. The Company determines the appropriate useful life of intangible assets by performing an analysis of cash flows based on historical experience of the acquired businesses. Intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives on a straight-line basis, which approximates the pattern in which the economic benefits associated with the asset are expected to be consumed. The estimated useful lives for trade names, customer relationships, non-compete agreements, and intellectual property are generally five to six years.
 Goodwill
 Goodwill represents the excess purchase price over the fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with acquisitions in accordance to ASC 805, Business Combinations. Goodwill is not amortized but instead is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level at least annually, or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist. Effective the fourth quarter of 2023 and prospectively, the Company performs its required annual goodwill impairment test as of December 1 rather than on December 31, which was the Company's previous practice.
 Goodwill is assessed using either a qualitative or quantitative approach to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. The qualitative assessment evaluates factors including macro-economic conditions, industry-specific and company-specific considerations, legal and regulatory environments, and historical performance. If the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, a quantitative assessment is performed. Otherwise, no further assessment is required. Companies also have the unconditional option to bypass the qualitative assessment for any reporting unit in any period and proceed directly to performing the quantitative goodwill impairment test for a reporting unit.
 The quantitative approach compares the estimated fair value of the reporting unit, including goodwill, to its carrying amount. Impairment is indicated if the estimated fair value of the reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, and an impairment loss is recognized for the differential. The Company performs a quantitative impairment assessment for a reporting unit using a fair value method based on management's judgements and assumptions or third-party valuations. The fair value of a reporting unit refers to the price that would be received to sell the unit as a whole in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company determines fair value using the income approach, where estimated future cash flows are discounted to present value at an appropriate rate of return. Multiples of earnings based on the average of historical, published multiples of earnings of comparable entities with similar operations and economic characteristics are also used in developing estimated fair values. The inputs utilized in the analyses are classified as Level 3 inputs within the fair value hierarchy as defined in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement.

 Impairment losses related to goodwill are included in Impairment loss on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Refer to Note 6, Goodwill and Intangible Assets, for additional information regarding the Company's impairment assessments.
 Recoverability of Long-Lived Assets
 The Company reviews the recoverability of long-lived assets, including property and equipment, operating leases right-of-use assets, and intangible assets, when events or changes in circumstances occur that indicate the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The assessment of possible impairment is based on the ability to recover the carrying value of the asset from the expected future pretax cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges) of the related operations. If these cash flows are less than the carrying value of such asset, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between estimated fair value and carrying value.
 The measurement of impairment requires management to make estimates of these cash flows related to long-lived assets, as well as other fair value determinations. The estimated fair values of the assets are measured using an income approach, which utilizes forecasted discounted cash flows. The inputs utilized in the analyses are classified as Level 3 inputs within the fair value hierarchy as defined in ASC 820, Fair Value Measurement, and primarily consist of expected future operating margins and cash flows, weighted average cost of capital rates, estimated salable values and third-party appraisal techniques such as market comparables.
 Impairment losses related to long-lived assets are included in Impairment loss on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Refer to Note 6, Goodwill and Intangible Assets, and Note 8, Leases, for additional information regarding the Company's long-lived asset impairment assessments.
 Leases
 Leases are accounted for in accordance with ASC 842, Leases. Contracts are evaluated to determine whether the arrangement contains a lease at inception. Leases are classified as either finance leases or operating leases based on criteria in ASC 842, Leases. The Company's operating leases primarily consist of real estate leases for its retail stores, distribution centers, warehouses, and offices. The Company does not have finance leases. Additionally, the Company subleases certain of its operating leases related to closed retail locations.
 Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the lease commencement date based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term. The lease liabilities represent the present value of remaining lease payments over the lease term. The right-of-use assets represent the Company's right to use an underlying asset and are based upon the lease liabilities adjusted for prepayments or accrued lease payments, initial direct costs, lease incentives, and impairment of right-of-use assets.
 The majority of the Company's leases do not provide an implicit rate; therefore, the Company uses its incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date in determining the present value of future payments for those leases. The Company's incremental borrowing rate for a lease is the rate of interest it would pay to borrow on a collateralized basis over a similar term to the lease in a similar economic environment.
 The lease term includes the non-cancelable period of the lease and may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. The exercise of lease renewal options is at the Company's sole discretion.
 The Company has elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term operating leases that have a lease term of one year or less and that do not include an option to purchase the underlying asset that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise. Short-term lease costs include expenses related to leases with terms greater than one month but less than 12 months, and the expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
 The Company has elected the practical expedient to account for lease and non-lease components as a single component for all leases.
 The Company monitors for triggering events or conditions that require a reassessment of its leases. When the reassessment requires a re-measurement of the lease liability, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset. Additionally, the Company reviews for impairment indicators of its right-of-use assets and other long-lived assets as described in the Recoverability of long-lived assets significant accounting policy.

 Lease expense is recorded within the Company's Consolidated Statements of Operations based upon the nature of the operating lease right-of-use assets. Where assets are used to directly serve customers, such as retail locations and distribution centers, lease costs are recorded in Store operations and other operational expenses. Facilities and assets which serve management and support functions are expensed through Selling, general, and administrative. Variable lease payments are expensed as incurred and include certain non-lease components, such as maintenance and other services provided by the lessor, and other charges included in the lease, as applicable.

 The Company's subleases generally do not relieve it of its primary obligations under the corresponding head lease. As a result, the Company accounts for the head lease based on the original assessment at inception. Additionally, the Company determines if the sublease arrangement is either a sales-type, direct financing, or operating lease at inception. The Company recognizes sublease income within Store operations and other operational expenses.

 If the total remaining lease cost on the head lease for the term of the sublease is greater than the anticipated sublease income, the right-of-use asset is assessed for impairment. If these cash flows are less than the carrying value of such asset, an impairment loss is recognized for the difference between estimated fair value and carrying value.
 Fair Value Measurements
 Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. Valuation techniques used to measure fair value must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs. Financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value are to be classified and disclosed in one of the following three levels of the fair value hierarchy, of which the first two are considered observable and the last is considered unobservable:
 • Level 1—Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
 • Level 2—Observable inputs (other than Level 1 quoted prices), such as quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active for identical or similar assets or liabilities, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.
 • Level 3—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to determining the fair value of the assets or liabilities, including pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, and similar techniques.
 To the extent that the valuation is based on models or inputs that are less observable or unobservable in the market, the determination of fair value requires more judgment. Accordingly, the degree of judgment exercised by the Company in determining fair value is greatest for instruments categorized in Level 3. A financial instrument's level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
 The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and all other current liabilities approximate fair values due to their short-term nature. The fair value of notes receivable approximates the outstanding balance net of reserves for expected credit losses. The marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale and are carried at fair value based on quoted market prices.

 Level
 December 31, 2024
 December 31, 2023

 Cash equivalents
 $
 16,945
 $
 17,300

 Marketable securities
 $
 28,984
 $
 35,212

 Business Combinations
 The Company accounts for acquisitions in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recognized at their estimated fair values in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements, as of the acquisition date. For all acquisitions, the preliminary allocation of the purchase price was based upon a preliminary valuation, and the Company's estimates and assumptions are subject to change as valuations are finalized within the measurement period, which cannot extend beyond one year from the acquisition date. Measurement period adjustments are recognized in the reporting period in which the adjustments were determined and calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. The process for estimating fair values requires the use of significant estimates,

 assumptions and judgments, including determining the timing and estimates of future cash flows and developing appropriate discount rates. Any changes to these estimates may have a material impact on the Company's operating results or financial position. All acquisition costs are expensed as incurred and recorded in Selling, general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Refer to Note 13, Acquisitions, for additional information regarding the Company's business combinations.
 Income Taxes
 The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with FASB ASC 740, Income Taxes, which requires the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in operations in the period that includes the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that will more likely than not be realized. To the extent that a determination was made to establish or adjust a valuation allowance, the expense or benefit is recorded in the period in which the determination is made.
 From time to time, the Company engages in transactions in which the tax consequences may be subject to uncertainty. Significant judgment is required in assessing and estimating the tax consequences of these transactions. The Company prepares and files tax returns based on its interpretation of tax laws and regulations. In the normal course of business, the tax returns are subject to examination by various taxing authorities. Such examinations may result in future tax, interest and penalty assessments by these taxing authorities. In determining the Company's income tax provision for financial reporting purposes, the Company establishes a reserve for uncertain income tax positions unless such positions are determined to be more likely than not of being sustained upon examination, based on their technical merits. The Company only recognizes tax benefits taken on the tax return that the Company believes are more likely than not of being sustained upon examination. There is considerable judgment involved in determining whether a position taken on the tax return is more likely than not of being sustained.
 The Company adjusts its tax reserve estimates periodically because of ongoing examinations by, and settlements with, the various taxing authorities, as well as changes in tax laws, regulations and interpretations. The consolidated income tax provision of any given year includes adjustments to prior year income tax accruals that are considered appropriate and any related estimated interest and penalties. The Company's policy is to recognize, when applicable, interest and penalties on uncertain income tax positions as part of its income tax provision.
 Advertising
 The Company expenses advertising and promotional costs when incurred. Advertising and promotional expenses for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 amounted to $ 2.0 million, $ 1.8 million, and $ 4.0 million, respectively.
 Earnings Per Share
 The Company computes net earnings per share under ASC 260-10, Earnings Per Share. Basic earnings or loss per share ("EPS") is computed by dividing net income or loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income or loss by the weighted average of all potentially dilutive shares of common stock that were outstanding during the periods presented.
 The treasury stock method is used in calculating diluted EPS for potentially dilutive stock options, restricted stock units, and common stock warrants, which assumes that any proceeds received from the exercise of in-the-money stock options, restricted stock units, and common stock warrants, would be used to purchase common shares at the average market price for the period.
 Share-Based Compensation
 The Company uses share-based compensation, including stock options, restricted stock units, and common stock warrants, to provide long-term performance incentives for its employees, non-employee members of its Board of Directors, and consultants.

 The Company records share-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. The Company estimates the fair value of stock options and common stock warrants on the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Restricted stock units are valued using the market value on the grant date. The fair value of all share-based payment awards is recognized as an expense over the requisite service period using the straight-line single-option method and is included in Selling, general, and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Forfeitures are recognized as they occur.
 The Black-Scholes option pricing model requires subjective assumptions, including future stock price volatility and expected time to exercise, which affect the calculated values. The expected term of options granted is derived from historical data on employee exercises and post-vesting employment termination behavior. The risk-free rate used in the option pricing model is based on the U.S. Treasury rate that corresponds to the expected life of the grant effective as of the date of the grant. The expected volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company's stock price. These factors could change in the future, affecting the determination of share-based compensation expense in future periods.
 Periodically, the Company has issued certain stock awards classified as liabilities based on the guidance set forth at ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, and ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. These awards generally entitle the employees to receive a specified dollar value of common stock on future dates and vest over time subject to the employee's continued employment. The Company recognizes compensation expense for these awards over the requisite service period.
 Refer to Note 9, Share-Based Payments, for additional information regarding the Company's share-based compensation and share-based payment awards.
 Treasury Stock
 The Company recognizes common stock repurchased as treasury stock at the amount paid to repurchase its shares, including incremental direct costs to repurchase the common stock, as a reduction to stockholders' equity on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
 In accordance with ASC 505, Equity, the retirement of treasury stock is recognized as a deduction from common stock for the shares' par value and any excess cost over par value is recognized as a deduction from retained earnings. Treasury stock is retired on a first in, first out basis.
 Segment Reporting
 The Company continually monitors and reviews its segment reporting structure in accordance with authoritative guidance for changes in management's approach or changes in other facts and circumstances that might result in different segment reporting. Consistent with the prior year, the Company has two operating segments, each its own reportable segment, based on its major lines of business: the Cultivation and Gardening segment, composed of the Company's hydroponic and organic gardening business; and the Storage Solutions segment, composed of the Company's benching, racking, and storage solutions business. Refer to Note 15, Segments, for additional information regarding the Company's reportable segments.
 Restructuring Activities
 The Company's restructuring and restructuring related charges consists of inventory disposal costs, retail location closure costs including related contract termination costs and fixed asset disposals, employee termination benefits, asset impairments including the impairment of operating lease right-of-use assets, and other associated costs. Certain of the Company's restructuring activities include the recognition of exit or disposal costs, which are recognized in accordance with ASC 420, Exit or Disposal Cost Obligations. Exit or disposal costs include, but are not limited to, the costs of termination benefits, such as one-time involuntary severance or retention bonuses, one-time contract termination costs (excluding leases), and other costs associated with non-termination type costs related to restructuring initiatives. Liabilities from exit and disposal costs are recorded for estimated costs to be incurred. Refer to Note 17, Restructuring, for additional information related to restructuring activities.

 3. RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
 From time to time, the FASB or other standard setting bodies issue new accounting pronouncements. Updates to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification are communicated through the issuance of an Accounting Standards Update ("ASU").

 The Company has implemented all new accounting pronouncements that are in effect and that may impact its financial statements. In addition to the accounting pronouncements discussed below, no other new accounting pronouncement issued or effective during the fiscal year had or is expected to have a material effect on the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements or disclosures.
 Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
 In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-07, Segment Reporting—Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (Topic 280) ("ASU 2023-07"), which expanded disclosure requirements for reportable segments on an annual and interim basis primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses and the composition of other segment items for each segment's reported profit or loss. The Company adopted this standard retrospectively as of December 31, 2024. Refer to Note 15, Segments for segment disclosures.
 Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted
 In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740) - Improvements to income tax disclosures ("ASU 2023-09"), expanding the disclosures requirement for income taxes primarily by requiring more detailed disclosure for income taxes paid and the effective tax rate reconciliation. ASU 2023-09 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted, and adoption of ASU 2023-09 can be applied prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard.
 In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40) ("ASU 2024-03"), which requires disclosure on an annual and interim basis of disaggregated information about certain income statement expense line items in the notes to the financial statements. ASU 2024-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027. Early adoption is permitted, and adoption of ASU 2024-03 can be applied prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard.

 4. REVENUE RECOGNITION
 Disaggregation of Revenues
 Net sales are disaggregated by the Company's segments, which represent its principal lines of business, as well as by major product line, including proprietary brands, non-proprietary brands, and commercial fixtures, and by product type, including consumable and durable products. Refer to Note 15, Segments, for disaggregated revenue disclosures.
 Contract Assets and Liabilities
 Depending on the timing of when title of product transfers to a customer and when a customer makes payments for such product, the Company recognizes an accounts receivable (contract asset) or a customer deposit (contract liability). The opening and closing balances of the Company's accounts receivables and customer deposits are as follows:

 Accounts Receivable, Net
 Customer Deposits

 Balance as of January 1, 2024
 $
 8,895
 $
 5,359

 7,361
 2,404

 Decrease
 $
 ( 1,534)
 $
 ( 2,955)

 Balance as of January 1, 2023
 $
 8,336
 $
 4,338

 Balance as of December 31, 2023
 8,895
 5,359

 Increase
 $
 $
 1,021

 Of the total amount of customer deposits as of January 1, 2024, $ 4.8 million was reported as revenue during the year ended December 31, 2024. Of the total amount of customer deposits as of January 1, 2023, $ 3.4 million was reported as revenue during the year ended December 31, 2023.

 The Company also has notes receivable under longer term financing arrangements at interest rates typically ranging from 12 % to 14 % with repayment terms typically ranging for 12 to 18 months.
 Notes receivable at December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows:

 2024
 2023

 Notes receivable
 $
 1,056
 $
 2,031

 Allowance for credit losses
 —
 ( 1,732)

 Notes receivable, net
 $
 1,056
 $

 The following table summarizes changes in notes receivable balances that have been deemed impaired.

 2024
 2023

 Notes receivable
 $
 —
 $
 1,732

 Allowance for credit losses
 —
 ( 1,732)

 Notes receivable, net
 $
 —
 $
 —

 During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company received a $ 0.3 million settlement related to a $ 1.5 million note receivable, which had been fully reserved as of December 31, 2023. Refer to Note 16, Commitment and Contingencies, for additional information regarding the settlement.

 5. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT
 Property and equipment at December 31, 2024 and 2023 consists of the following:

 2024
 2023

 Vehicles
 $
 2,553
 $
 2,558

 Buildings and land
 2,121
 2,121

 Leasehold improvements
 12,086
 11,920

 Furniture, fixtures and equipment
 13,051
 14,364

 Capitalized software
 16,446
 16,085

 Construction-in-progress
 —

 Property and equipment, gross
 46,306
 47,048

 Accumulated depreciation and amortization
 ( 30,813)
 ( 19,996)

 Property and equipment, net
 $
 15,493
 $
 27,052

 Depreciation and amortization expense related to property and equipment was $ 12.8 million, $ 7.9 million, and $ 7.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. In conjunction with the Company's restructuring activities as discussed in Note 17, Restructuring, the Company reassessed and shortened the estimated useful life of certain capitalized software assets, which resulted in a $ 5.3 million increase to depreciation and amortization expense related to property and equipment for the year ended December 31, 2024. Refer to Note 17, Restructuring, for additional information on the restructuring activities.

 6. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
 The Company performs goodwill impairment testing annually on December 1, or more frequently if events or circumstances were to occur that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of reporting units below the carrying amount. The Company would recognize an impairment loss for the amount by which the carrying amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value, not to exceed the total amount of goodwill. The adjusted carrying amount of goodwill shall be its new accounting basis.

 For the goodwill impairment test performed on December 1, 2024, the Company elected different approaches based on the circumstances surrounding each reporting unit. Of the Company's four reporting units, only three had remaining goodwill balances. The Company elected to qualitatively review one reporting unit for events and circumstances which would indicate whether it was more than likely than not reporting unit fair values were below carrying values. The qualitative assessment did not identify any indicators of impairment, and accordingly, no further impairment assessments were necessary. For the remaining two reporting units, the Company elected to bypass the qualitative assessment and proceed directly to a quantitative assessment. The fair value of each reporting unit was primarily determined using the income approach, which discounts estimated future cash flows to present value using an appropriate rate of return. Multiples of earnings based on the average of historical, published multiples of earnings of comparable entities with similar operations and economic characteristics are also used in developing estimated fair values. The estimated fair value of each reporting unit was compared to each respective carrying amount, and, as a result of changes to the business and future projections, the Company recorded a goodwill impairment loss of $ 5.9 million.
 In conjunction with the quantitative impairment assessment on December 1, 2024, the Company performed a recoverability test on the following finite-lived intangible assets: customer relationships and trade names. The Company determined the fair value of these finite-lived intangible assets using the income approach. The estimated fair values of the finite-lived intangible assets were compared to the respective carrying values, and as a result, the Company identified a $ 0.7 million impairment loss, for the year ended December 31, 2024.
 For the goodwill impairment test performed on December 1, 2023, the Company completed a quantitative goodwill impairment assessment for each of its four reporting units. The fair value of each reporting unit was determined using the income approach, which discounts estimated future cash flows to present value using an appropriate rate of return. The estimated fair value of each reporting unit was compared to its carrying amount, and, as a result of changes to the business and future projections, the Company identified a $ 9.3 million impairment loss related to its goodwill for the year ended December 31, 2023.
 In conjunction with its annual goodwill impairment assessment on December 1, 2023, the Company quantitatively evaluated the recoverability of its long-lived assets, including its finite-lived intangible assets, for impairment. The recoverability assessment compared the carrying value of long-lived asset groups to their expected future pretax cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges). If the undiscounted cash flows were less than the carrying values, an impairment loss was recognized for the difference between the estimated fair values using an income approach and the related carrying values. As a result, the Company identified a $ 6.2 million impairment loss for the year ended December 31, 2023 related to its finite-lived intangible assets, including trade names, patents, customer relationships, non-competes, and intellectual property.
 For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded a total impairment loss of $ 127.8 million related to goodwill and intangible assets. During the second quarter of 2022, the Company's market capitalization fell below total net assets. In addition, financial performance continued to weaken during the quarter, which was contrary to prior experience. Management reassessed business performance expectations following persistent adverse developments in equity markets, deterioration in the environment in which the Company operates, inflation, lower than expected sales, and an increase in operating expenses. These indicators, in the aggregate, required impairment testing for finite-lived intangible assets at the asset group level and goodwill at the reporting unit level as of June 30, 2022.
 As a result, the Company performed a recoverability test on the following finite-lived intangible assets: customer relationships, trade names, and non-competes. For goodwill impairment testing purposes, the Company determined three of its four reporting units required quantitative assessment as it was more likely than not that the fair value of those reporting units were less than their carrying values. The Company determined the fair value of its reporting units and finite-lived intangible assets using the income approach. The Company recognized impairment losses of $ 11.2 million related to its finite-lived intangibles and $ 116.7 million related to goodwill on June 30, 2022.

 The changes in goodwill, including the impairments discussed above, by segment for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:

 Total

 Balance as of December 31, 2022
 $
 14,373
 $
 1,605
 $
 15,978

 Acquisitions and measurement period adjustments
 —

 Impairment
 ( 9,283)
 —
 ( 9,283)

 Balance as of December 31, 2023
 5,920
 1,605
 7,525

 Impairment
 ( 5,920)
 —
 ( 5,920)

 $
 —
 $
 1,605
 $
 1,605

 Accumulated impairment for goodwill was $ 131.9 million, $ 125.9 million, and $ 116.7 million as of December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.
 The changes in intangible assets, including the impairments discussed above, by segment for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:

 Total

 Balance as of December 31, 2022
 $
 27,418
 $
 3,460
 $
 30,878

 Amortization
 ( 8,114)
 ( 781)
 ( 8,895)

 Acquisitions and measurement period adjustments
 —

 Impairment
 ( 6,243)
 —
 ( 6,243)

 Balance as of December 31, 2023
 13,501
 2,679
 16,180

 Amortization
 ( 5,885)
 ( 781)
 ( 6,666)

 Impairment
 ( 735)
 —
 ( 735)

 $
 6,881
 $
 1,898
 $
 8,779

 Intangible assets on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of the following:

 December 31, 2024
 December 31, 2023

 Gross
Carrying
 Accumulated
Amortization
 Net
Carrying
 Gross
Carrying
 Accumulated
Amortization
 Net
Carrying

 Trade names
 $
 27,790
 $
 ( 21,908)
 $
 5,882
 $
 28,198
 $
 ( 16,488)
 $
 11,710

 Patents, trademarks
 ( 69)
 —
 ( 69)
 —

 Customer relationships
 12,869
 ( 9,974)
 2,895
 13,192
 ( 8,813)
 4,379

 Non-competes
 ( 858)
 ( 773)

 Intellectual property
 1,136
 ( 1,136)
 —
 1,136
 ( 1,136)
 —

 Total
 $
 42,724
 $
 ( 33,945)
 $
 8,779
 $
 43,459
 $
 ( 27,279)
 $
 16,180

 Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 was $ 6.7 million, $ 8.7 million, and $ 9.9 million respectively. Future amortization expense as of December 31, 2024 is as follows:

 2025
 $
 5,892

 2026
 2,015

 2027

 2028

 2029

 Total
 $
 8,779

 7. INCOME TAXES
 The provision (benefit) for income taxes for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 consisted of the following:

 Year Ended December 31,

 2024
 2023
 2022

 Current tax expense (benefit):

 Federal
 $
 —
 $
 ( 115)
 $
 ( 471)

 State
 ( 55)

 Deferred tax (benefit):

 Federal
 —
 —
 ( 2,179)

 State
 —
 —
 ( 180)

 Provision (benefit) for income taxes
 $
 $
 $
 ( 2,885)

 The tax effects of temporary differences that gave rise to the Company's deferred tax assets and liabilities as of December 31, 2024 and 2023 were as follows:

 2024
 2023

 Deferred tax assets:

 Net operating losses and attributes carryovers
 $
 24,897
 $
 15,097

 Deferred right-of-use lease liabilities
 9,750
 10,874

 1,249

 Accumulated depreciation and amortization
 31,804
 30,101

 Capitalized research costs
 —

 Accruals and other
 2,039
 2,421

 Total deferred tax assets
 69,473
 59,742

 Deferred tax liabilities:

 Deferred right-of-use lease assets
 ( 9,071)
 ( 10,224)

 Total deferred tax liabilities
 ( 9,071)
 ( 10,224)

 Net deferred tax asset
 60,402
 49,518

 Valuation allowance
 ( 60,402)
 ( 49,518)

 Net deferred tax asset after valuation allowance
 $
 —
 $
 —

 As of December 31, 2024, the Company had cumulative federal net operating losses of $ 98.9 million, which have an indefinite carryforward period. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had cumulative state net operating loss carryforwards of $ 81.6 million and $ 53.3 million, respectively. State net operating loss carryforwards will begin to expire in calendar year 2035.

 Net operating loss carryforwards may become subject to an annual limitation in the event of certain cumulative changes in the ownership interest of significant shareholders over a three-year period in excess of 50%, as defined under Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code, respectively, as well as similar state provisions. This could limit the amount of tax attributes that can be utilized annually to offset future taxable income or tax liabilities. The amount of the annual limitation is determined based on the value of the Company immediately prior to the ownership change. The Company has completed an analysis of any limitations on its tax attributes and has assigned a full valuation allowance against them as of December 31, 2024.
 A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to the Company's effective income tax rate is as follows for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, and 2022:

 Years Ended December 31,

 2024
 2023
 2022

 Federal statutory income tax rate
 %
 %
 %

 State and local income taxes (net of federal tax benefit)
 %
 %
 %

 —
 %
 ( 1)
 %
 ( 1)
 %

 Valuation allowance
 ( 22)
 %
 ( 24)
 %
 ( 23)
 %

 Other
 ( 2)
 %
 —
 %
 —
 %

 Effective income tax rate
 —
 %
 —
 %
 %

 Uncertain Tax Benefits
 The Company has not identified any uncertain tax positions as of December 31, 2024. The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to uncertain tax benefits in the income tax provision. There were no interest and penalties included in other long-term liabilities on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets for years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. The Company does not expect any significant changes in its unrecognized tax benefits within 12 months of the reporting date. The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state jurisdictions. No tax years for the Company are currently under examination by the IRS or state and local tax authorities for income tax purposes. Generally, the Company's 2021 through 2023 fiscal years remain open for examination and assessment. For various states, the examination and assessment remain open for 2020 through 2023. Years prior to 2020 remain open solely for purpose of examination of the Company's loss and credit carryforwards.

 8. LEASES
 The right-of-use assets and corresponding liabilities related to the Company's operating leases were as follows:

 2024
 2023

 Operating leases right-of-use assets, net
 $
 34,453
 $
 39,933

 Current maturities of operating lease liability
 7,398
 8,021

 Operating lease liability, net of current maturities
 29,633
 34,448

 Total lease liability
 $
 37,031
 $
 42,469

 The weighted-average remaining lease terms and weighted-average discount rates for operating leases were as follows:

 2024
 2023

 Weighted average remaining lease term
 5.5 years
 6.0 years

 Weighted average discount rate
 6.2
 %
 6.1
 %

 The components of lease costs were as follows:

 Year Ended December 31,

 2024
 2023
 2022

 Operating lease costs
 $
 9,880
 $
 11,248
 $
 10,936

 Variable lease costs
 2,126
 2,559
 2,428

 Short-term lease costs

 Sublease income
 ( 1,420)
 ( 1,148)
 ( 86)

 Total operating lease costs
 $
 10,959
 $
 12,927
 $
 13,729

 In conjunction with the Company's restructuring activities as discussed in Note 17, Restructuring, the Company assessed and impaired the right-of-use assets of certain closed retail locations, which resulted in an impairment loss of $ 0.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2024. Refer to Note 17, Restructuring, for additional information on the restructuring activities. The Company also identified a $ 0.1 million impairment related to its operating lease right-of-use assets for the year ended December 31, 2023, which is included in Impairment loss on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
 Future maturities of the Company's operating lease liabilities and receipts from subleases as of December 31, 2024 were as follows:

 Lease Payments
 Sublease Receipts

 2025
 $
 9,420
 $
 ( 1,187)

 2026
 8,208
 ( 1,222)

 2027
 6,455
 ( 1,257)

 2028
 6,022
 ( 1,294)

 2029
 5,425
 ( 1,332)

 Thereafter
 8,170
 ( 1,470)

 Total lease payments (receipts)
 43,700
 ( 7,762)

 Less: imputed interest
 ( 6,669)

 Operating lease liability as of December 31, 2024
 $
 37,031

 Supplemental and other information related to leases was as follows:

 Year Ended December 31,

 2024
 2023
 2022

 Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:

 Operating cash flow from operating leases
 $
 10,024
 $
 11,139
 $
 10,328

 9. SHARE-BASED PAYMENTS
 Equity Incentive Plans Overview
 The Company maintains a long-term incentive plan, the Second Amended and Restated 2018 Equity Incentive Plan, for employees, non-employee members of its Board of Directors (the "Board"), and consultants. The plan allows the Company to grant equity-based compensation awards, including stock options, stock appreciation rights, performance share units, restricted stock units, restricted stock awards, common stock warrants, or a combination of awards (collectively, "share-based awards").
 On January 7, 2018, the Board adopted the 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (the "2018 Plan"), and on April 20, 2018, the shareholders approved the 2018 Plan. On February 7, 2020, the Board approved the amendment and restatement of the 2018 Plan to increase the number of shares issuable thereunder from 2,500,000 to 5,000,000, which amendment was approved by the shareholders on May 11, 2020 (the "First Restated 2018 Plan"). On April 22, 2024, the Board approved another amendment of the First Restated 2018 Plan to increase the number of shares issuable thereunder from 5,000,000 to

 6,500,000, which amendment was approved by shareholders on June 20, 2024 (the "Second Restated 2018 Plan"). As of December 31, 2024, there were 1.4 million shares available for issuance under the 2018 Plan.
 The 2018 Plan is administered by the Board. The Board may grant options to purchase shares of common stock, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock units, restricted or unrestricted shares of common stock, performance shares, performance units, other cash-based awards and other share-based awards. The Board also has broad authority to determine the terms and conditions of each option or other kind of equity award, adopt, amend and rescind rules and regulations for the administration of the 2018 Plan and amend or modify outstanding options, grants and awards.
 No options, stock purchase rights or awards may be made under the 2018 Plan on or after the ten-year anniversary of the adoption of the 2018 Plan by the Board, but the 2018 Plan will continue thereafter while previously granted options, stock appreciation rights or awards remain subject to the 2018 Plan. Options granted under the 2018 Plan may be either "incentive stock options" that are intended to meet the requirements of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code") or "non-statutory stock options" that do not meet the requirements of Section 422 of the Code. The Board will determine the exercise price of options granted under the 2018 Plan. The exercise price of stock options may not be less than the fair market value, on the date of grant, per share of the Company's common stock issuable upon exercise of the option (or 110 % of fair market value in the case of incentive options granted to a 10% stockholder). No option may be exercisable for more than ten years ( five years in the case of an incentive stock option granted to a 10% stockholder) from the date of grant.
 Share-Based Compensation
 The Company accounts for share-based payments through the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for share-based awards made to employees, non-employee members of the Board, and consultants of the Company, including stock options, restricted stock units, and common stock warrants. The following table presents share-based compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022.

 2024
 2023
 2022

 Restricted stock units
 $
 2,421
 $
 3,171
 $
 3,889

 Stock options
 —
 —

 Common stock warrants
 —
 —
 1,019

 Total
 $
 2,421
 $
 3,171
 $
 4,967

 As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $ 2.9 million of unamortized share-based compensation for share-based awards, which are expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.7 years.
 Restricted Stock Units
 The Company issues shares of restricted stock units to eligible employees, which are subject to forfeiture until the end of an applicable vesting period. The awards generally vest on the first, second, third, or fourth anniversary of the date of grant, subject to the employee's continuing employment as of that date. Restricted stock units are valued using market value on the grant date.
 Restricted stock unit activity for the year ended December 31, 2024 is presented in the following table:

 Shares
 Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value

 Nonvested as of December 31, 2023
 $
 5.23

 Granted
 1,224
 $
 2.14

 Vested
 ( 517)
 $
 5.28

 Forfeited
 ( 209)
 $
 4.88

 Nonvested as of December 31, 2024
 1,403
 $
 2.57

 The weighted-average grant-date fair value of restricted stock units granted during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $ 2.14, $ 3.73, and $ 8.85, respectively.
 Stock Options
 The table below summarizes all option activity under all plans during the year ended December 31, 2024:

 Options
 Shares
 Weighted-
Average Exercise
Price
 Weighted- Average Remaining
Contractual Term (Years)
 Weighted-
Average Grant Date Fair Value

 Outstanding, vested and exercisable as of December 31, 2023
 $
 4.01
 0.95
 $
 2.25

 Granted
 —
 $
 —
 $
 —

 Exercised
 —
 $
 —
 $
 —

 Forfeited or expired
 ( 561)
 $
 3.99
 $
 2.24

 Outstanding, vested and exercisable as of December 31, 2024
 $
 4.63
 0.36
 $
 2.56

 The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options is calculated as the amount by which the fair value of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price of the stock options. The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options outstanding, vested, and exercisable was less than $ 0.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, and $ 0.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2022.
 Liability Awards
 In August 2022, the Company issued certain stock awards classified as liabilities based on the guidance set forth at ASC 480, Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, and ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. These awards entitled the employees to receive an equity award with a specified dollar value of common stock on future dates ranging from June 15, 2023, through June 15, 2025. The awards generally vested over three years subject to the employee's continued employment.
 On June 15, 2023, the three employees subject to these awards entered into new employment agreements which superseded the prior agreements and removed the liability awards from their compensation package. In accordance with ASC 718-20-35-2A through 718-20-35-9, these awards were evaluated and accounted for as modified awards. The liability of $ 0.7 million was relieved to additional paid-in capital, and the incremental expense of $ 0.1 million will be recognized over the remaining term of the modified awards.
 The expense related to liability-classified stock awards for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 was $ 0.2 million, and $ 0.5 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company no longer had any outstanding liability-classified stock awards.

 10. EARNINGS PER SHARE
 The following table sets forth the composition of the weighted average shares (denominator) used in the basic and dilutive loss per share computation for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022.

 Year Ended December 31,

 2024
 2023
 2022

 $
 $
 $

 Weighted average shares outstanding, basic
 60,176
 61,181
 60,813

 Effect of dilutive outstanding warrants and stock options
 —
 —
 —

 Weighted average shares outstanding, dilutive
 60,176
 61,181
 60,813

 Basic loss per share
 $
 ( 0.82)
 $
 ( 0.76)
 $
 ( 2.69)

 Diluted loss per share
 $
 ( 0.82)
 $
 ( 0.76)
 $
 ( 2.69)

 Diluted loss per share calculations for the year ended December 31, 2024 excluded 0.5 million shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options and 0.9 million non-vested restricted stock units that would have been anti-dilutive. Diluted loss per share calculations for the year ended December 31, 2023 excluded 0.6 million shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options and 1.0 million non-vested restricted stock units. For the year ended December 31, 2022, there were 0.6 million shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of stock options, 0.6 million non-vested restricted stock units, and 33 thousand shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of the stock purchase warrants that would have been anti-dilutive.

 11. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
 On March 20, 2024, the Board authorized a share repurchase program, whereby the Company could repurchase up to $ 6.0 million worth of its common stock in open market transactions pursuant to Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act and a 10b5-1 trading plan. The program began on April 1, 2024. This share repurchase program was intended to enhance long-term shareholder value. The program did not obligate the Company to acquire any specific number of shares or to acquire any shares over any specific period of time. The timing and amount of any repurchases was dependent upon factors such as the stock price, trading volumes, market conditions, and regulatory requirements. The stock repurchase program could be amended, suspended, or discontinued at any time by the Company.
 During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company repurchased 2.5 million shares of common stock at an average price of $ 2.38 per share exclusive of incremental direct costs. As of December 31, 2024, the Company completed all purchases available under the stock repurchase program. The Company retired all 2.5 million shares of treasury stock acquired under the share repurchase program during the year ended December 31, 2024. The shares were returned to the status of authorized but unissued shares.

 12. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN
 The Company has a 401(k) Savings Retirement Plan that covers substantially all full-time employees who meet the plan's eligibility requirements and provides for an employee elective contribution. The Company made immaterial matching contributions to the plan in the year ended December 31, 2024, and matching contributions of $ 0.6 million for each of the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

 13. ACQUISITIONS
 The Company's acquisition strategy has been primarily to acquire (i) well-established, profitable hydroponic garden centers in markets where the Company does not have a market presence or in markets where it is increasing its market presence; and (ii) proprietary brands.
 The Company accounts for acquisitions in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recognized at their estimated fair values in accordance with ASC 820, Fair Value Measurements, as of the acquisition date. For all acquisitions, the preliminary allocation of the purchase price was based upon a preliminary valuation, and the Company's estimates and assumptions are subject to change as valuations are finalized within the measurement period, which cannot extend beyond one year from the acquisition date. Measurement period adjustments are recognized in the reporting period in which the adjustments were determined and calculated as if the accounting had been completed at the acquisition date. The process for estimating fair values requires the use of significant estimates, assumptions and judgments, including determining the timing and estimates of future cash flows and developing appropriate discount rates. Any changes to these estimates may have a material impact on the Company's operating results or financial position.
 There were no measurement period adjustments during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company's measurement period adjustments included a $ 1.3 million reduction to estimated fair value of acquired intangible assets with the offset to goodwill. As a result of these measurement period adjustments, the Company made an insignificant reduction in amortization expense.
 All acquisition costs are expensed as incurred and recorded in Selling, general and administrative expense in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The Company incurred no acquisition costs in the year ended December 31, 2024. Acquisition costs were less than $ 0.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 and were $ 0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2022.

 2024 Acquisitions
 The Company had no acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2024.
 2023 Acquisitions
 On May 23, 2023, the Company purchased substantially all of the assets of Southside Garden Supply ("SGS"), a two-store chain of indoor/outdoor garden centers in Alaska. The total consideration for the purchase of the SGS assets was $ 2.0 million, including $ 1.9 million in cash and an indemnity holdback of $ 0.1 million. The SGS asset acquisition also included acquired goodwill of $ 0.6 million, which represents the value expected to rise from organic growth and an opportunity for the Company to expand into a new market. SGS is included in the Company's Cultivation and Gardening segment.
 Additionally, the Company made other, individually immaterial acquisitions during the year ended December 31, 2023. Total consideration for these purchases was $ 1.2 million, including $ 1.1 million paid in cash and indemnity holdbacks of less than $ 0.1 million. These individually immaterial acquisitions also included aggregate acquired goodwill of $ 0.3 million, which represents the value expected to rise from organic growth and an opportunity for the Company to expand into a new market. These acquisitions are included in the Company's Cultivation and Gardening segment.
 The table below represents the allocation of the purchase price to the acquired net assets during the year ended December 31, 2023.

 SGS
 Other
 Total

 $
 $
 $
 1,587

 Prepaids and other current assets

 Furniture and equipment
 —

 Operating lease right-of-use asset
 1,232

 Operating lease liability
 ( 612)
 ( 620)
 ( 1,232)

 Customer relationships
 —

 Goodwill

 Total
 $
 2,029
 $
 1,168
 $
 3,197

 The table below represents the consideration paid for the net assets acquired in business combinations during the year ended December 31, 2023.

 SGS
 Other
 Total

 Cash
 $
 1,922
 $
 1,128
 $
 3,050

 Indemnity holdback

 Total
 $
 2,029
 $
 1,168
 $
 3,197

 The following table discloses the date of the acquisitions noted above and the revenue and earnings included in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2023.

 SGS
 Other
 Total

 Acquisition date
 May 23, 2023

 $
 2,040
 $
 3,167
 $
 5,207

 Net income (loss)
 $
 $
 ( 40)
 $

 The following represents the pro forma Consolidated Statement of Operations as if the acquisitions had been included in the consolidated results of the Company for the entire period for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

 December 31, 2023 (Unaudited)
 December 31, 2022 (Unaudited)

 $
 228,032
 $
 285,524

 Net income (loss)
 $
 ( 46,524)
 $
 ( 163,712)

 2022 Acquisitions
 On February 1, 2022, the Company purchased all of the assets of Horticultural Rep Group, Inc. ("HRG"), a specialty marketing and sales organization of horticultural products based in Ogden, Utah. The total consideration for the purchase of the assets of HRG was $ 13.4 million, including $ 6.8 million in cash and common stock valued at $ 5.7 million. The asset purchase agreement also provided for an indemnity holdback to be settled in common stock of the Company valued at $ 0.9 million. Acquired goodwill of $ 5.8 million represents the value expected to rise from organic growth and an opportunity to expand into a well-established market for the Company. HRG is included in the Company's Cultivation and Gardening segment.
 On November 3, 2022, the Company purchased certain assets of St. Louis Hydroponic Company ("STL"), a hydroponic retail store in St. Louis, Missouri. The total consideration for the purchase of the assets of STL was $ 0.4 million in cash. Acquired goodwill of $ 0.1 million represents the value expected to rise from organic growth and an opportunity to expand into a well-established market for the Company. STL is included in the Company's Cultivation and Gardening segment.
 The table below represents the allocation of the purchase price to the acquired net assets during the year ended December 31, 2022.

 HRG
 STL
 Total

 $
 4,170
 $
 $
 4,449

 Prepaids and other current assets

 Furniture and equipment
 —

 Operating lease right of use asset
 —

 Operating lease liability
 ( 666)
 —
 ( 666)

 Customer relationships
 2,430
 —
 2,430

 Trademark
 —

 Non-compete
 —

 Goodwill
 5,816
 5,951

 Total
 $
 13,391
 $
 $
 13,815

 The table below represents the consideration paid for the net assets acquired in business combinations.

 HRG
 STL
 Total

 Cash
 $
 6,806
 $
 $
 7,230

 Indemnity stock holdback
 —

 Common stock
 5,710
 —
 5,710

 Total
 $
 13,391
 $
 $
 13,815

 The following table discloses the date of the acquisition noted above and the revenue and earnings included in the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2022. Revenue and earnings amounts include other proprietary brands now being included under HRG for operations.

 HRG
 STL
 Total

 Acquisition date
 February 1, 2022
 November 3, 2022

 Revenue
 $
 19,239
 $
 $
 19,417

 Net Income (loss)
 $
 ( 629)
 $
 $
 ( 588)

 The following represents the pro forma Consolidated Income Statement as if the acquisitions had been included in the consolidated results of the Company for the entire period for the year ended December 31, 2022.

2022 (Unaudited)

 Revenue
 $
 280,897

 $
 ( 162,156)

 14. RELATED PARTIES
 The Company has engaged with a firm that employs an immediate family member of an officer of the Company as partner. The firm provides certain legal services. Amounts paid to that firm in total were $ 0.2 million, $ 0.2 million, and $ 0.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. As of December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, there was an immaterial amount outstanding due to the firm.

 15. SEGMENTS
 The Company has two operating segments, each its own reportable segment, based on its major lines of business: the Cultivation and Gardening segment, composed of the Company's hydroponic and organic gardening business; and the Storage Solutions segment, composed of the Company's benching, racking, and storage solutions business.
 In addition to sales by operating segment, which represent the Company's principal lines of business, the chief operating decision maker ("CODM") evaluates the Company's operations by regularly reviewing sales by major product line, including proprietary brands, non-proprietary brands, and commercial fixtures, and by product type, including consumable and durable products. Profit measures are evaluated for each reportable segment based on income from operations with identifiable expenses allocated to each reporting unit from which the expense line item was derived.
 The CODM compares actual results to prior year and current year budgeted income statements to identify areas for improvement and make capital allocation decisions. The CODM uses gross profit measures to evaluate pricing decisions and product mix, also reviewing proprietary brand versus non-proprietary brand sales to assess the Company's progress with key performance initiatives. The Company's CODM is the chief executive officer.

 Disaggregated revenue by segment is presented in the following tables:

 2024
 2023
 2022

 Proprietary brand sales
 $
 39,528
 $
 36,473
 $
 36,906

 Non-proprietary brand sales
 123,982
 157,991
 208,775

 Total Cultivation and Gardening
 163,510
 194,464
 245,681

 Commercial fixture sales

 Total Storage Solutions

 Total
 $
 $
 $
 278,166

 2024
 2023
 2022

 Consumables
 $
 118,088
 $
 139,431
 $
 161,012

 Durables
 45,422
 55,033
 84,669

 Total Cultivation and Gardening
 163,510
 194,464
 245,681

 Durables

 Total Storage Solutions

 Total
 $
 $
 $
 278,166

 Selected disaggregated information by segment is presented in the following tables for the years ended:

 December 31, 2024

 Cultivation & Gardening
 Corporate
 Total

 $
 163,510
 $
 $
 —
 $

 Cost of sales
 131,346
 13,798
 —
 145,144

 32,164
 11,558
 —
 43,722

 Operating expenses

 Store operations and other operational expenses:

 Employee costs
 13,720
 3,007
 —
 16,727

 Facilities
 12,850
 1,270
 —
 14,120

 External service providers
 1,127
 —
 1,216

 Other segment items (1)

 7,246
 —
 8,135

 Total store operations and other operational expenses
 34,943
 5,255
 —
 40,198

 Other operating expenses

 Selling, general, and administrative
 —
 —
 29,243
 29,243

 Estimated credit losses
 —
 —
 ( 58)
 ( 58)

 —
 —

 Impairment loss
 —
 —
 6,875
 6,875

 Total operating expenses
 34,943
 5,255
 55,496
 95,694

 (Loss) income from operations
 ( 2,779)
 6,303
 ( 55,496)
 ( 51,972)

 Other income
 —
 —
 2,620
 2,620

 Net (loss) income before taxes
 $
 ( 2,779)
 $
 6,303
 $
 ( 52,876)
 $
 ( 49,352)

 (1) Other segment items for each reportable segment include travel expenses, transaction fees, and other miscellaneous expenses.

 December 31, 2023

 Cultivation & Gardening
 Corporate
 Total

 $
 194,464
 $
 $
 —
 $

 Cost of sales
 147,060
 17,564
 —
 164,624

 47,404
 13,854
 —
 61,258

 Operating expenses

 Store operations and other operational expenses:

 Employee costs
 18,208
 2,962
 —
 21,170

 Facilities
 14,145
 1,057
 —
 15,202

 External service providers
 1,290
 —
 1,351

 Other segment items (1)

 9,496
 —
 10,359

 Total store operations and other operational expenses
 43,139
 4,943
 —
 48,082

 Other operating expenses

 Selling, general, and administrative
 —
 —
 29,799
 29,799

 Estimated credit losses
 —
 —

 —
 —

 Impairment loss
 —
 —
 15,659
 15,659

 Total operating expenses
 43,139
 4,943
 63,020
 111,102

 Income (loss) from operations
 4,265
 8,911
 ( 63,020)
 ( 49,844)

 Other income
 —
 —
 3,380
 3,380

 Net income (loss) before taxes
 $
 4,265
 $
 8,911
 $
 ( 59,640)
 $
 ( 46,464)

 (1) Other segment items for each reportable segment include marketing costs, travel expenses, transaction fees, and other miscellaneous expenses.

 December 31, 2022

 Cultivation & Gardening
 Corporate
 Total

 $
 245,681
 $
 $
 —
 $
 278,166

 Cost of sales
 186,844
 21,059
 —
 207,903

 58,837
 11,426
 —
 70,263

 Operating expenses

 Store operations and other operational expenses:

 Employee costs
 23,578
 2,526
 —
 26,104

 Facilities
 14,750
 —
 15,505

 External service providers
 1,374
 —
 1,450

 Other segment items (1)

 10,660
 —
 11,621

 Total store operations and other operational expenses
 50,362
 4,318
 —
 54,680

 Other operating expenses

 Selling, general, and administrative
 —
 —
 36,758
 36,758

 Estimated credit losses
 —
 —
 1,737
 1,737

 —
 —

 Impairment loss
 —
 —

 Total operating expenses
 50,362
 4,318
 183,458
 238,138

 Income (loss) from operations
 8,475
 7,108
 ( 183,458)
 ( 167,875)

 Other income
 —
 —
 1,243
 1,243

 Net income (loss) before taxes
 $
 8,475
 $
 7,108
 $
 ( 182,215)
 $
 ( 166,632)

 (1) Other segment items for each reportable segment include marketing costs, travel expenses, transaction fees, and other miscellaneous expenses.

 The Company does not evaluate segments by assets or capital expenditures as it is not practical and does not inform any of its decision making processes. The CODM neither reviews nor requests this information.
 Customer and supplier concentrations
 No customer accounted for more than 10% of the Company's sales for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022. As of December 31, 2024, the loss of any supplier or vendor would not have a severe impact on the Company's business.

 16. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
 Legal Matters
 From time to time, the Company has been, and may again become involved in legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of its business, including the initiation and defense of proceedings related to contract and employment disputes. It is the Company's opinion that these claims individually and in the aggregate are not expected to have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 In December 2021, the Company was sued in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Texas related to a Promissory Note & Asset Acquisition Rights Option ("Note & Option") with TGC Systems, LLC ("Total Grow"). The case was dismissed and the parties submitted the matter to arbitration pursuant to the arbitration clause of the Note & Option. Among other claims, Total Grow alleged that the Company was liable to Total Grow for failing to consummate the acquisition of Total Grow by the Company. The Company asserted counterclaims for repayment of $ 1.5 million in principal loaned by the Company to Total Grow pursuant to the Note & Option, plus interest and certain costs. In July 2023, the arbitrator rendered an arbitration award denying all of Total Grow's claims and defenses and awarding the Company more than $ 2.0 million in total, consisting of principal, interest, and certain costs. Total Grow voluntarily filed for bankruptcy in October 2023. In February 2024, the Company received $ 0.3 million from the bankruptcy proceedings, which it recorded as a recovery on the $ 1.5 million Note & Option. The remainder of the Note & Option, which were fully reserved, were written off during the year ended December 31, 2024.
 There can be no assurance that future developments related to pending claims or claims filed in the future, whether as a result of adverse outcomes or as a result of significant defense costs, will not have a material effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. The Company believes that its assessment of contingencies is reasonable and that the related accruals, in the aggregate, are adequate; however, there can be no assurance that the final resolution of these matters will not have a material effect on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
 Indemnifications
 In the ordinary course of its business, the Company makes certain indemnities under which it may be required to make payments in relation to certain transactions. As of December 31, 2024, the Company did not have any liabilities associated with indemnities.
 In addition, the Company, as permitted under Colorado law and in accordance with its amended and restated certificate of incorporation and amended and restated bylaws, in each case, as amended to date, indemnifies its officers and directors for certain events or occurrences, subject to certain limits, while the officer or director is or was serving at the Company's request in such capacity. The duration of these indemnifications varies. The Company has a director and officer insurance policy that may enable it to recover a portion of any future amounts paid. The Company accrues for losses for any known contingent liability, including those that may arise from indemnification provisions, when future payment is probable. No such losses have been recorded to date.

 17. RESTRUCTURING
 On July 22, 2024, the Company announced a strategic restructuring plan focused on long-term profitability and advancing growth initiatives in key areas of its Cultivation and Gardening segment such as its proprietary brands, commercial sales, and e-commerce business. The restructuring plan primarily included reductions in cost structure by closing and consolidating 12 redundant or underperforming retail locations, workforce reductions, and other operational improvements in inventory management, sales and marketing, and administrative activities.

 The Company's restructuring and restructuring related charges consists of inventory disposal costs, retail location closure costs including related contract termination costs and fixed asset disposals, employee termination benefits, asset impairments including the impairment of operating lease right-of-use assets, and other associated costs.
 Since the restructuring activities were announced in July 2024, the Company incurred aggregate restructuring and restructuring-related costs of $ 2.4 million, presented on the Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2024 as follows:

 Restructuring

 Cultivation and Gardening segment:

 Cost of sales(1)

 $
 1,048

 ( 1,048)

 Store operations and other operational expenses (2)

 Segment operating loss
 ( 1,890)

 Corporate expenses:

 Selling, general, and administrative (3)

 Impairment loss (4)

 Other expense (5)

 Total restructuring and restructuring related charges
 $
 ( 2,365)

 (1) Includes inventory disposal costs

 (2) Costs consist of retail location closure costs and employee termination benefits

 (3) Includes employee termination benefits and other associated costs

 (4) Consists of asset impairments for operating lease right-of-use assets

 (5) Includes non-operating losses related to retail location closures

 In conjunction with the Company's restructuring activities related to operational and administrative improvements, the Company reassessed and shortened the estimated useful life of certain capitalized software assets, which resulted in an $ 5.3 million increase to depreciation and amortization expense related to property and equipment in the year ended December 31, 2024. Additionally, certain facilities costs related to closed retail locations for which the Company is pursuing sublease arrangements will be paid over the remaining terms which extend through 2032.
 The liabilities associated with restructuring costs are included in Accrued liabilities and Payroll and payroll tax liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Activities related to liabilities incurred under the restructuring plan are as follows:

 Retail Location Closures
 Termination Benefits
 Other Associated Costs
 Total

 Balance as of January 1, 2024
 $
 —
 $
 —
 $
 —
 $
 —

 Additions
 1,097

 Payments and other adjustments
 ( 600)
 ( 308)
 ( 65)
 ( 973)

 $
 $
 $
 —
 $

 Overall, the Company expects to incur a total of $ 2.7 million in restructuring and restructuring-related costs, including the $ 2.4 million previously incurred. The remainder of the expected charges primarily relate to corporate operational and administrative contract terminations and other associated costs. The Company expects that these restructuring activities will be substantially completed by the end of the first quarter of 2025.

 ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE
 None.

 ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

 Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 Disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act")) are controls and other procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 As of December 31, 2024, an evaluation was conducted under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) and Rule 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act). Management concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of December 31, 2024, due to the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting described below.

 Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 The Company's management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act. The Company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by or under the supervision of the Company's Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and overseen by the Board of Directors, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP and includes policies and procedures that:
 • Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately, and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the Company's assets;
 • Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that the Company's receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with the authorization of its management and directors; and
 • Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the Company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

 Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting is not intended to provide absolute assurance that a misstatement of the Company's Consolidated Financial Statements would be prevented or detected. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 A material weakness is a deficiency, or combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis.

 Management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting using the criteria in Internal Control - Integrated Framework 2013 issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the "COSO Framework"). As a result of this evaluation, management concluded that the Company did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024, based on the criteria established in COSO framework, due to the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting described below.

 This material weakness did not result in any material misstatements to the consolidated financial statements and there were no changes to previously released financial statements. Notwithstanding our material weakness, we have concluded that the financial statements and other financial information included in this Annual Report fairly present in all material respects our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.

 The Company's independent registered public accounting firm, Grant Thornton LLP, which audited the 2024 Consolidated Financial Statements and management's assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in this Form 10-K, has expressed an adverse opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2024.

 Material Weakness in Internal Control over Financial Reporting - Storage Solutions Segment

 Due to segregation of duties conflicts and the lack of precise manual monitoring controls over the system data, we did not maintain effective internal control over financial reporting within a separate enterprise resource planning ("ERP") system, Navision, used exclusively for our storage solutions segment, branded as "MMI." As such, information derived from the system could not be relied upon, resulting in management's inability to assess control activities at a precision level to reasonably prevent or detect errors.

 Plan to Remediate Material Weakness in Internal Control over Financial Reporting - MMI

 The Company, with oversight by the Audit Committee of the Board, is actively developing and implementing a comprehensive remediation plan that will include the following initiatives:
 • Transition MMI off the Navision system and onto NetSuite, our integrated ERP and general ledger system used by all our other business channels.
 • Remove administrative capabilities within the ERP system from operational roles.
 • Perform segregation of duties analysis over new integrated users and roles within NetSuite.
 • Consolidate our enterprise-wide shared service processes with the migration of the MMI business's accounts payable and accounts receivable functions onto the NetSuite system.
 • Develop and/or enhance information technology general and application controls and business process controls specific to MMI.

 Remediation of Prior Material Weaknesses in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 Management's prior evaluations of the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting using the COSO Framework were that internal control over financial reporting were not effective as of December 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 due to material weaknesses related to its control environment and various COSO Framework components. Management initiated various remediation efforts in fiscal year 2022, and these efforts continued throughout fiscal years 2023 and 2024. The following sections discuss these previously identified material weaknesses and their related remediation as of December 31, 2024.

 Remediation of Material Weakness in Internal Control over Financial Reporting- Control Environment

 Management had previously identified a material weakness due to the Company not maintaining an effective control environment based on the criteria established in the COSO framework. Contributing to the material weakness in the control environment were:
 • Insufficient resources within the accounting and financial reporting department to review the accounting of complex financial reporting transactions including areas such as business combinations, share based compensation and the related income tax reporting.
 • Ineffective controls over updating and distributing accounting policies and procedures across the organization.

 The Company remediated the above material weakness related to the control environment as follows:
 • Engaged a third-party CPA firm to consult with management in redesigning and documenting our internal control over financial reporting, including our entity-level controls, to be compliant with Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 ("SOX").
 • Hired a dedicated SOX compliance senior manager and analyst charged with monitoring and facilitating compliance with the Company's SOX responsibilities and supervising the third-party specialists.
 • Enhanced corporate oversight over entity and process level controls to ensure appropriate assignment of authority, responsibility, and accountability.
 • Implemented global risk and compliance software to assist in monitoring and documenting compliance with SOX.
 • Added personnel and leadership to the accounting and financial reporting department with technical accounting experience to act as internal resources for reviewing complex financial reporting transactions, including areas such as business combinations, share based compensation, and income tax reporting.

 • Implemented controls to evaluate, monitor, and review the work of third-party consultants with specialized expertise engaged for complex transactions, including financial advisory support, valuation specialists for impairment analyses, and tax professionals for sales/use and income taxes.
 • Completed SOX compliance training to enhance the technical ability and competence of control owners across the organization.
 • Updated and formalized policies over significant accounting, finance, information technology, and compliance areas.

 Remediation of Material Weakness in Internal Control over Financial Reporting - Risk Assessment

 Management previously identified a material weakness related to the failure to design and implement an effective risk assessment based on the criteria established in the COSO framework and related deficiencies in the principles associated with the risk assessment component of the COSO framework.

 The Company remediated the above material weakness as follows:
 • Performed a comprehensive risk analysis, incorporating quantitative and qualitative factors across the entire organization inclusive of all business segments, applicable systems, and third-party service providers.
 • Established materiality thresholds to apply consistent and reliable review precision within applicable control activities.
 • Established formal monitoring, review, and communication procedures for newly released accounting pronouncements to ensure appropriate and timely implementation.
 • Assessed all critical systems, applications, databases, and interfaces for financial statement impact to ensure the proper design and implementation of related information technology general controls.

 Remediation of Material Weakness in Internal Control over Financial Reporting- Information & Communication

 Management previously identified a material weakness related to ineffective information and communication processes that could properly identify and assess the source of and controls necessary to ensure the reliability of information used in financial reporting and that communicate relevant information about roles and responsibilities for internal control over financial reporting.

 The Company remediated the above material weakness as follows:
 • Developed new and revised existing critical system and business process narratives and flowcharts.
 • Enhanced the evaluation and review process related to third-parties providing services critical to financial reporting.
 • Continued to hold regular Board of Directors meetings throughout the year, including periodic compliance reports to the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors.
 • Developed effective communication plans to all parties responsible for remediation relating to, among other things, identification of deficiencies and recommendations for corrective actions.
 • Identified and maintained a listing of key reports used in financial reporting.
 • Continued to monitor segregation of duties for all key controls and systems related to internal control over financial reporting.
 • Formalized financial statement close procedures to document the preparation and review of key processes.
 • Enhanced contract management controls to ensure completeness of and proper approval of material contracts.

 Remediation of Material Weakness in Internal Control over Financial Reporting- Monitoring Activities

 Management previously identified a material weakness related to ineffective monitoring activities to assess the operation of internal control over financial reporting, including the continued appropriateness of control design and the level of documentation maintained to support control effectiveness.

 The Company remediated the above material weakness as follows:
 • Enhanced review precision definitions for reconciliation controls to ensure proper identification and resolution of variances.
 • Incorporated quarterly business reviews into our internal control over financial reporting.
 • Established a formal deficiency tracking process, ensuring proper remediation of recommended corrective action.

 Remediation of Material Weakness in Internal Control over Financial Reporting- Control Activities

 Management previously identified a material weakness related to the design and operation of process-level controls and information technology general controls, which were determined to be pervasive throughout the Company's financial reporting processes. Contributing to the material weakness over control activities were:
 • Inadequate information and technology general controls, including segregation of duties, change management, and user access, which were inadequate to support financial reporting applications and support automated controls and functionality.
 • Inadequate controls over physical inventory counts.
 • Inadequate controls over valuations, inclusive of appropriate valuation model inputs and appropriate forecasting for prospective financial information.
 • Inadequate segregation of duties within human resources, manual journal entry posting processes, and various bank accounts of the Company to prevent and detect unauthorized transactions in a timely manner.

 The Company remediated the above material weakness as follows:
 • Implemented new business systems, including an enterprise resource planning software system, to support information technology general controls, appropriate segregation of duties, appropriate journal entry posting processes, change management, and user access.
 • Bolstered information technology general controls across change-management, computer operations, user access, system integrations, error monitoring, and password configuration.
 • Implemented quarterly access reviews for in-scope systems.
 • Updated and/or drafted significant information technology policies to ensure responsibilities and expectations are defined, communicated, and enforced.
 • Significantly enhanced physical inventory count procedures through staggering count dates, adding resources, incorporating roll-forward procedures, and increasing corporate oversight.
 • Designed controls specific to business combinations and significant events.
 • Continued to engage third-party specialists to assist management with complex financial transactions and valuations, including valuation model techniques and inputs such as forecasted, prospective information.
 • Restructured or consolidated certain business functions to align more closely with effective business operation as well as to enable appropriate segregation of duties.
 • Performed comprehensive segregation of duties analyses for all key controls and systems related to internal control over financial reporting.
 • Enhanced segment review controls to properly identify the Company's reportable segments, operating segments, and reporting units.
 • Strengthened and enhanced our procedures around the search for unrecorded liabilities and cash application controls.

 Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

 Except for the remediation of the material weaknesses disclosed above, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2024, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 Item 9B. Other Information.
 None.

 Item 9C. Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections
 None.

 ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
 The information required by Items 401, 405, 406, and 407 (c)(3), (d)(4), and (d)(5) of Regulation S-K is incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K by reference to the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement for its 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed within 120 days following December 31, 2024.

 ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION
 The information required by Item 402 of Regulation S-K is incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K by reference to the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement for its 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed within 120 days following December 31, 2024.

 ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS
 The information required by Item 201(d) and Item 403 of Regulation S-K is incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K by reference to the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement for its 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed within 120 days following December 31, 2024.

 ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
 The information required by Items 404 and 407(a) of Regulation S-K is incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K by reference to the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement for its 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed within 120 days following December 31, 2024.

 ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES
 The information required by Item 9(e) of Schedule 14A is incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K by reference to the Company's Definitive Proxy Statement for its 2025 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed within 120 days following December 31, 2024.

 ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

 3.1
 Certificate of Incorporation of GrowGeneration Corp. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 as filed on November 9, 2015)

 3.2
 Amended and Restated Bylaws of GrowGeneration Corp. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(ii) to Form 8-K filed on March 11, 2020)

 10.1
 GrowGeneration Corp. Amended and Restated 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 as filed on March 27, 2020)

 10.2
 Form of GrowGeneration Corp. Stock Option Agreement in connection with the Amended and Restated 2018 Equity Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K for fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 as filed on March 27, 2020)

 10.3
 Employment Agreement dated September 30, 2024, between GrowGeneration Corp. and Darren Lampert (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed on September 30, 2024)

 10.4
 Employment Agreement dated September 30, 2024, between GrowGeneration Corp. and Michael Salaman (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed on September 30, 2024)

 10.5
 Employment Agreement, dated August 12, 2022, between GrowGeneration Corp. and Gregory Sanders (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K as filed on August 12, 2022)

 10.6
 Form of Long-Term Incentive Agreement dated April 22, 2024 between GrowGeneration Corp and Darren Lampert (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as filed on August 8, 2024)

 10.7
 Form of Long-Term Incentive Agreement dated April 22, 2024 between GrowGeneration Corp and Michael Salaman (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as filed on August 8, 2024)

 10.8
 Form of Long-Term Incentive Agreement dated April 22, 2024 between GrowGeneration Corp and Gregory Sanders (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q as filed on August 8, 2024)

 19.1
 Insider Trading Policy (Filed herewith.)

 21.1
 List of Subsidiaries of GrowGeneration Corp. (Filed herewith.)

 23.1
 Consent of Grant Thornton, LLP (Filed herewith)

 31.1
 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer (Filed herewith.)

 31.2
 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Principal Financial and Accounting Officer (Filed herewith.)

 32.1
 Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer (Filed herewith.)

 32.2
 Section 1350 Certification of Principal Financial and Accounting Officer (Filed herewith.)

 Incentive Compensation Recovery Policy (Filed herewith.)

 101.INS

 101.SCH

 101.CAL

 101.LAB

 101.PRE

 101.DEF

 ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY
 None.

 SIGNATURES

 Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on March 13, 2025.

 GROWGENERATION CORP.

 By:
 /s/ Darren Lampert

 Name:
 Darren Lampert

 Title:
 Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

 By:
 /s/ Gregory Sanders

 Name:
 Gregory Sanders

 Title:
 Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer and Principal Financial Officer)

 Each of the undersigned officers and directors of GrowGeneration Corp., a Colorado corporation (the "Registrant"), does hereby constitute and appoint Darren Lampert and Gregory Sanders, and each of them, as his/her true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and re-substitution, for him/her and in his/her name, place, and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as he/she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming that all said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them or their or his/her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Annual Report on Form 10-K has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 Person
 Capacity
 Date

 /s/ Darren Lampert
 Chief Executive Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer)

 Darren Lampert

 /s/ Gregory Sanders
 Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

 Gregory Sanders

 /s/ Michael Salaman
 President and Director

 Michael Salaman

 /s/ Stephen Aiello
 Director

 Stephen Aiello

 /s/ Starlett Carter
 Director

 Starlett Carter

 /s/ Eula Adams
 Director

 Eula Adams