text: We are a special purpose acquisition company with no business operations. Since our Initial Public Offering, our sole business activity has been identifying and evaluating suitable acquisition transaction candidates. Therefore, we do not consider that we face significant cybersecurity risk and have not adopted any cybersecurity risk management program or formal processes for assessing cybersecurity risk. Our board of directors is generally responsible for the oversight of risks from cybersecurity threats, if there are any. In fiscal year 2024, we did not identify any cybersecurity threats that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition.

companyName: Ribbon Acquisition Corp.

ticker: RIBB


text: Capital Corporation (the "Company") has processes in place to assess, identify, and manage material risks from cybersecurity threats. The Company's business is dependent on the communications and information systems of House Hanover, LLC (the "Investment Adviser") and other third-party service providers. The Investment Adviser manages the Company's day-to-day operations and has implemented a cybersecurity program that applies to the Company and its operations. Investment Adviser has instituted a cybersecurity program designed to identify, assess, and manage cyber risks applicable to the Company.

companyName: PRINCETON CAPITAL CORP

ticker: PIAC

secItem: Item 1C


text: The cyber risk management program involves risk assessments, implementation of security measures, and ongoing monitoring of systems and networks, including networks on which the Company relies. The Investment Adviser actively monitors the current threat landscape in an effort to identify material risks arising from new and evolving cybersecurity threats, including material risks faced by the Company.


text: Company relies on the Investment Adviser to engage external experts, including cybersecurity assessors, consultants, and auditors, to evaluate cybersecurity measures and risk management processes, including those applicable to the Company. The Company relies on the Investment Adviser's risk management program and processes, which include cyber risk assessments.


text: Company depends on and engages various third parties, including suppliers, vendors, and service providers, to operate its business. The Company relies on the expertise of risk management, legal, information technology, and compliance personnel of the Investment Adviser when identifying and overseeing risks from cybersecurity threats associated with the Company's use of such entities.


text: The board of directors of the Company ("Board") provides strategic oversight on cybersecurity matters, including risks associated with cybersecurity threats. The Board receives periodic updates from the Chief Compliance Officer ("CCO") of the Company, who also serves as Chief Compliance Officer of the Investment Adviser, regarding the overall state of the Investment Adviser's cybersecurity program, information on the current threat landscape, and briefing on material risks from cybersecurity threats and material cybersecurity incidents impacting the Company.


text: Company's Management, including the Company's CCO, manages the Company's cybersecurity program, under the supervision of the Company's Audit Committee. The CCO of the Company oversees the Company's risk management function generally and relies on the Investment Adviser to assist with assessing and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats. The Company's CCO has been responsible for this oversight function as CCO to the Company for over 7 years and has worked in the financial services industry for over 25 years, during which time the CCO has gained expertise in assessing and managing risks applicable to the Company.


text: Management of the Company is informed about and monitors the prevention, detection, mitigation, and remediation of cybersecurity incidents impacting the Company, including through the receipt of notifications from service providers and reliance on communications with risk management, legal, information technology, and/or compliance personnel of the Investment Adviser.


text: The potential impact of risks from cybersecurity threats on the Company are assessed on an ongoing basis, and how such risks could materially affect the Company's business strategy, operational results, and financial condition are regularly evaluated. During the reporting period, the Company has not identified any risks from cybersecurity threats, including as a result of previous cybersecurity incidents, that the Company believes have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company, including its business strategy, operational results, and financial condition.


text: We are a special purpose acquisition company with no business operations. Since our IPO, our sole business activity has been identifying and evaluating suitable acquisition transaction candidates. Therefore, we do not consider that we face significant cybersecurity risk and have not adopted any cybersecurity risk management program or formal processes for assessing cybersecurity risk. Our board of directors is generally responsible for the oversight of risks from cybersecurity threats, if there is any. We have not encountered any cybersecurity incidents since our IPO.

companyName: Semnur Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

ticker: SMNR


text: We acknowledge the critical importance of developing, implementing, and maintaining robust cybersecurity measures to safeguard our information systems and protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our data. While we are in the process of enhancing our cybersecurity practices, we are committed to continually improving and adapting to evolving threats to maintain a high standard of protection.

companyName: reAlpha Tech Corp.

ticker: AIRE


text: We have developed and implemented a cybersecurity program that seeks to ensure the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our information assets, including its critical systems. We use information security management standards like ISO 27001 as a guide to help us identify, assess, and manage cybersecurity risks relevant to our business.


text: We are actively integrating cybersecurity risk management into our broader enterprise risk management framework. This integration is designed to promote a company-wide culture of cybersecurity awareness and risk management. Our risk management team, in collaboration with external consultants, is assessing and addressing cybersecurity risks in alignment with our operational and business needs. This ongoing integration ensures that cybersecurity considerations are increasingly embedded in our decision-making processes at every level.


text: Our cybersecurity framework draws upon the National Institute of Standards and Technology ("NIST") cybersecurity framework, which provides guidance for identifying, assessing, and managing cybersecurity risks. While we are in the early stages of fully implementing this framework, we are committed to following its principles as we strengthen our cybersecurity measures to protect both our digital and physical assets.


text: Recognizing the evolving nature of cybersecurity threats, we have been engaging with external experts, including cybersecurity assessors, consultants, and auditors, to assess and enhance our risk management systems. These third parties are assisting us with evaluating our cybersecurity posture, recommending improvements, and advising on the implementation of best practices. As we progress, we will continue leveraging these external insights to enhance our cybersecurity strategies and ensure alignment with industry standards.


text: We understand the potential risks associated with third-party service providers, and we are working on implementing stronger oversight processes. While we have initiated security assessments for our third-party providers, we are in the process of enhancing these efforts to include more frequent evaluations and ongoing monitoring. This will help mitigate the risk of security incidents originating from third parties.


text: To date, we have not encountered cybersecurity incidents that have materially impaired our operations or financial position. However, we are proactively preparing for the possibility of cybersecurity risks, ensuring that our systems are protected against potential threats in the future.


text: Our board of directors understands the critical nature of cybersecurity and is closely involved in overseeing our efforts to mitigate cybersecurity risks. We are in the process of formalizing governance structures and oversight mechanisms to ensure that these risks are managed effectively, with the aim of strengthening our operational integrity and enhancing stockholder confidence.


text: The Chief Executive Officer ("CEO"), Chief Operating Officer ("COO"), and Chief Financial Officer ("CFO") are actively involved in managing cybersecurity risks. They receive regular updates, which include an overview of the current cybersecurity landscape, the status of ongoing initiatives, and compliance with regulatory requirements. We are establishing structured processes for ongoing communication among the executive team to ensure they remain informed and involved in key cybersecurity decisions.


text: We are committed to monitoring cybersecurity risks and are in the process of implementing enhanced monitoring systems. With the assistance of cybersecurity consultants, we are refining our cybersecurity policies and controls, including regular audits and the deployment of advanced security measures such as Multi-Factor Authentication ("MFA") and stronger email filtering protocols. In addition, we are continuing to develop incident response plans, communication protocols, and disaster recovery plans to be prepared for any potential cybersecurity incidents.


text: We are providing cybersecurity training to our employees and plan to continue enhancing this program on an ongoing basis. Regular updates and internal campaigns will ensure that our employees are well-prepared to identify and respond to cybersecurity threats in an effective manner.


text: The COO regularly informs the CEO and CFO on cybersecurity risks and initiatives. Significant cybersecurity matters will be escalated to the audit committee for review, where management will provide detailed updates on risk assessments, incident response, and the effectiveness of our cybersecurity strategies. The audit committee will continue to evaluate the progress of our cybersecurity initiatives and offer guidance to help strengthen our efforts.


text: We are not presently engaged in, and we will not engage in, any operations until after the consummation of the Initial Business Combination that could face material cybersecurity threats. However, we do depend on the digital technologies of third parties, including information systems, infrastructure and cloud applications and services. Any sophisticated and deliberate attacks on, or security breaches in, systems or infrastructure or the cloud that we utilize, including those of third parties, could lead to corruption or misappropriation of our assets, proprietary information and sensitive or confidential data. Because of our reliance on the technologies of third parties, we also depend upon the personnel and the processes of third parties to protect against cybersecurity threats, and we have no personnel or processes of our own for this purpose.

companyName: ESH Acquisition Corp.

ticker: ESHA


text: In the event of a cybersecurity incident impacting us, the Board of Directors will address and mitigate any risks associated with such an incident. As an early-stage company without significant investments in data security protection, we may not be sufficiently protected against such occurrences. We also lack sufficient resources to adequately protect against, or to investigate and remediate any vulnerability to, cyber incidents. It is possible that any of these occurrences, or a combination of them, could have material adverse consequences on our business and lead to financial loss.


text: We operate in the technology and general wellness, continuous glucose and blood pressure monitoring sectors, which are subject to various cybersecurity risks that could adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations, including intellectual property theft fraud extortion harm to employees or customers violation of privacy laws and other litigation and legal risk and reputational risk. We have implemented a risk-based approach to identify and assess the cybersecurity threats that could affect our business and information systems.

companyName: Corvex, Inc.

ticker: MOVE


text: Our processes also include assessing cybersecurity threat risks associated with our use of third-party services providers in normal course of business use. Third-party risks are included within our cybersecurity risk management processes discussed above. In addition, we assess cybersecurity considerations in the selection and oversight of our third-party services providers, including due diligence on the third parties that have access to our systems and facilities that house systems and data.


text: Our business depends on the availability, reliability, and security of our information systems, networks, data, and intellectual property. Any disruption, compromise, or breach of our systems or data due to a cybersecurity threat or incident could adversely affect our operations, customer service, product development, and competitive position. They may also result in a breach of our contractual obligations or legal duties to protect the privacy and confidentiality of our stakeholders. Such a breach could expose us to business interruption, lost revenue, ransom payments, remediation costs, liabilities to affected parties, cybersecurity protection costs, lost assets, litigation, regulatory scrutiny and actions, reputational harm, customer dissatisfaction, or harm to our vendor relationships.


text: Our board of directors oversees our cybersecurity risk management as part of its general oversight function. We maintain security controls that are continuously reviewed to protect against emerging cyber threats. At the Company level, we employ third party consultants to lead our efforts developing, implementing and maintaining these security controls and monitoring and minimizing the risks related to cybersecurity threats. These consultants regularly report to senior management, who is responsible for keeping our board of directors apprised of all material developments. Our Vice President of Engineering is primarily responsible for the cybersecurity controls and risk mitigation with respect to the products and services we offer our customers and those in development, including satisfying the rigorous requirements needed to achieve FDA clearance when applicable. Our Vice President of Engineering reports directly to our CEO and provides senior management with periodic updates regarding cybersecurity matters concerning our products and services.


text: To manage our material risks from cybersecurity threats and to protect against, detect, and prepare to respond to cybersecurity incidents, we undertake the below listed activities: Implement third party cybersecurity testing (including penetration testing) of any new product feature developed prior to release; Maintain firewall and virus protection software; and Maintain a cybersecurity insurance policy.


text: Our cybersecurity incident response processes are designed to escalate certain cybersecurity incidents to designated employees depending on the circumstances, including in some cases to our executive team. The board of directors receives periodic reports from management concerning our cybersecurity risk management program.


text: we are not aware of any cybersecurity threats that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our business strategy, results of operations or financial position.


text: We do not consider that we face significant cybersecurity risk and have not adopted any cybersecurity risk management program or formal processes for assessing cybersecurity risk. We depend on the digital technologies of third parties, and any sophisticated and deliberate attacks on, or security breaches in, systems or infrastructure or the cloud that we utilize, including those of third parties, could lead to corruption or misappropriation of our assets, proprietary information and sensitive or confidential data and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or reputation. Because of our reliance on the technologies of third parties, we also depend upon the personnel and the processes of third parties to protect against cybersecurity threats, and we have no personnel or processes of our own for this purpose. As a company without significant investments in data security protection, we may not be sufficiently protected against such occurrences. We also lack sufficient resources to adequately protect against, or to investigate and remediate any vulnerability to, cyber incidents. It is possible that any of these occurrences, or a combination of them, could have material adverse consequences on our business and lead to financial loss.

companyName: Planet Green Holdings Corp.

ticker: PLAG


text: Our board of directors is generally responsible for the oversight of risks from cybersecurity threats, if there is any. Our management will promptly report to the board of directors on incidents of material cybersecurity risks facing us and any third parties and the measures that may be taken to mitigate such risks. As of the date of this annual report, we have not encountered any cybersecurity incidents that have materially affected, or that we believe are reasonably likely to materially affect, us, including our business strategy, results of operations or financial condition. We do, however, face risks from cybersecurity threats.


text: We face risks associated with cybersecurity. For additional details on risks from cybersecurity threats, please refer to "Item 1A. Risk Factors - The occurrence of security breaches and cyber-attacks could negatively impact our business." and "- Our business may be subject to a variety of PRC laws and other obligations regarding cybersecurity and data protection."

companyName: IT TECH PACKAGING, INC.

ticker: ITP


text: The purpose of our cybersecurity program is to assess, identify, manage and mitigate cybersecurity risk while supporting the achievement of our business objectives. Under our comprehensive risk management program, the Board of Directors of the Company maintains oversight of the most significant risks facing the Company, including cybersecurity risks, while senior management is responsible for the identification and prioritization of risks that are material to our business, corresponding risk-mitigation efforts and day-to-day management of our risk management program. The full Board of Directors retains oversight over management's cybersecurity efforts. At least annually, and often more frequently, our Board of Directors receives cybersecurity briefings from senior executives, including, when appropriate, executives focused on cybersecurity matters.


text: Our companywide cybersecurity policy sets the framework for our approach to cybersecurity. Each business unit and our corporate headquarters designates individuals with appropriate qualifications and experience to be responsible for addressing cybersecurity matters, including assessing, identifying and managing risks from cybersecurity threats, with a direct reporting line to senior management. Under our approach to cybersecurity, each business unit designs and operates its own information and cybersecurity program tailored to its market, customer requirements, regulatory requirements and threats. Our cybersecurity policy and procedures are designed to ensure senior management receives timely and adequate information regarding cybersecurity matters, including threats and incident response, as appropriate to the matter. Our policies and procedures are also designed to oversee and identify material cybersecurity risks related to third-party vendors and service providers.


text: As part of our approach to cyber risk management, we regularly perform internal audits of internal processes and controls relating to cybersecurity. From time to time, as appropriate under our overall cybersecurity program, we engage third-party experts to support the assessment of cyber related risks, including to conduct cyber penetration testing.


text: To its knowledge, the Company has not experienced a material cybersecurity breach within the last three years, nor identified any risks from cybersecurity threats that have materially affected us, including our business strategy, results of operations or financial condition.


text: The Company recognizes the critical importance of developing, implementing, and maintaining robust cybersecurity measures to safeguard our information systems and protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our data. We have developed the following processes as part of our strategy for assessing, identifying, and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats.

companyName: Signing Day Sports, Inc.

ticker: SGN


text: We have integrated cybersecurity risk management into our risk management processes. This integration is intended to ensure that cybersecurity considerations are part of our decision-making processes. We continuously evaluate and address cybersecurity risks in alignment with our business objectives and operational needs.


text: Engaging Third Parties on Risk Management Recognizing the complexity and evolving nature of cybersecurity threats, we plan to engage external experts, including consultants and auditors, in evaluating and testing our risk management systems. These services will enable us to leverage specialized knowledge and insights, ensuring our cybersecurity strategies and processes remain at the forefront of industry best practices. Our collaboration with these third parties is expected to include annual audits, ongoing threat assessments, and regular consultations on security enhancements.


text: Overseeing Third-Party Risk Because we are aware of the risks associated with third-party service providers, we implement processes to oversee and manage these risks. We conduct thorough security assessments of all third-party providers before engagement and maintain ongoing monitoring to ensure compliance with our cybersecurity standards. This approach is designed to mitigate risks related to data breaches or other security incidents originating from third parties.


text: Risks from Cybersecurity Threats We have not encountered cybersecurity challenges that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect us, including our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. Board of Directors Oversight Our board of directors oversees the management of risks associated with cybersecurity threats.


text: Management's Role Managing Risk The Company's management is primarily responsible for assessing, monitoring and managing our cybersecurity risks. Management must ensure that all industry standard cybersecurity measures are functioning as required to prevent or detect cybersecurity threats and related risks. Management oversees and tests our compliance with standards, remediates known risks, and leads our employee training program.


text: The Company's management is continually informed about the latest developments in cybersecurity, including potential threats and innovative risk management techniques. Management implements and oversees processes for the regular monitoring of our information systems. This includes the deployment of industry-standard security measures and regular system audits to identify potential vulnerabilities. In the event of a cybersecurity incident, management will implement an incident response plan. This plan includes immediate actions to mitigate the impact and long-term strategies for remediation and prevention of future incidents.


text: Reporting to Board of Directors Significant cybersecurity matters, and strategic risk management decisions, will be escalated to the board of directors.


text: We are committed to continuously assessing cybersecurity risks, including the prevention, detection, and response to unauthorized actions within our information systems that may compromise the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of our data or systems. We are using Layer 7 firewall solutions which monitor web traffic and data leaks which may occur as well as a centralized automatic antivirus/antimalware/patch system in order to make sure that all servers and clients hold the latest patches in order to avoid security breaches. We have developed our own internal cloud system to avoid dependence on external parties and its email server is hosted on this cloud system; consequently, we do not rely on third party solutions that may have a negative impact on security and reliability of data. Our data is stored daily on high quality magnetic tapes to ensure recovery in case of a serious malfunction. On a monthly basis, all the tapes are being transferred to a fireproof safe location and are replaced with new tapes.

companyName: Elvictor Group, Inc.

ticker: ELVG


text: As we grow, we plan to refine our cybersecurity strategy in line with global best practices and standards. Importantly, our Board receives regular updates from our Chief Operating & Technology Officer, Christodoulos Tzoutzakis, of potential cybersecurity risks and monitors these risks closely. All potential incidents, regardless of their materiality, are required to be reported immediately to the Board. To date, our proactive risk management has allowed us to navigate cybersecurity challenges without material impairment to our operations or financial condition.


text: Acknowledging the critical importance of cybersecurity, our management and Board are dedicated to maintaining the trust and confidence of our business partners and employees. This includes managing cybersecurity risks as an integral component of our overall risk management framework. While cybersecurity responsibility is shared across all employees, our Board plays a pivotal role in the oversight of our risk management processes, including cybersecurity threats. Our executive officers manage the day-to-day material risks we face, adopting a cross-functional approach to address cybersecurity risks by identifying, preventing, and mitigating cybersecurity threats and effectively responding to incidents when they occur.


companyName: Stran & Company, Inc.

ticker: SWAG


text: Overall Risk Management Information technology is important to our business operations and we are committed to protecting the privacy, security and integrity of our data, as well as our employee and customer data. This program is integrated into the Company's overall enterprise risk management process.


text: We monitor and update our information technology networks and infrastructure to prevent, detect, address and mitigate risks associated with unauthorized access, misuse, computer viruses and other events that could have a security impact. Additionally, to protect and secure sensitive data such as customer information, we employ multi-factor authentication, a suite of security tools, systems monitoring and alerting, audit logs, and controls across our major systems, corporate devices, and business processes. Our cybersecurity process is designed to assess, identify, prevent, and manage cybersecurity risks and threats, as well as identify, contain and respond to cybersecurity incidents. This process includes a variety of activities, such as company-wide security awareness training, including regular phishing simulations, acceptable use training, self-assessments, and other targeted training throughout the year as appropriate. These cybersecurity trainings provide employees the opportunity to gain an understanding of the various forms of cybersecurity incidents and enable our employees to handle and report any suspicious activity or threat.


text: To date, our approach to cybersecurity has been effective in protecting the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our information; however, we cannot guarantee that its efforts will be successful in preventing all cybersecurity incidents. Further, we currently maintain a cyber insurance policy that provides coverage for security breaches; however, such insurance may not be sufficient in type or amount to cover us against claims related to security breaches, cyber-attacks and other related breaches.


text: Engaging Third Parties on Risk Management Recognizing the complexity and evolving nature of cybersecurity threats, we leverage the expertise of a managed service provider, and when warranted will engage with independent third parties in evaluating and testing our risk management systems. These service providers enable us to leverage specialized knowledge and insights, ensuring our cybersecurity strategies meet generally accepted industry best practices. Our Chief Information Officer also performs ongoing review of current practices to further ensure cybersecurity.


text: Overseeing Third-Party Risk Because we are aware of the risks associated with third-party service providers, we implement processes to oversee and manage these risks. We conduct thorough security assessments of all third-party providers before engagement and maintain ongoing monitoring to ensure compliance with our cybersecurity standards. The monitoring includes regular assessments by our Chief Information Officer. This approach is designed to mitigate risks related to data breaches or other security incidents originating from third parties.


text: The Company's Chief Information Officer is primarily responsible for assessing, monitoring and managing our cybersecurity risks. The Chief Information Officer must ensure that all industry standard cybersecurity measures are functioning as required to prevent or detect cybersecurity threats and related risks.


text: The Chief Information Officer provides briefings on cybersecurity threats and related risks to the Chief Executive Officer on a regular basis. Our Chief Information Officer has had responsibility over cybersecurity, data privacy and classification, incident response, disaster recovery, and business continuity in a number of positions in the field of information technology. The Chief Information Officer oversees and tests our compliance with standards, remediates known risks, and leads our employee training program.


text: Monitoring Cybersecurity Incidents The Chief Information Officer is continually informed about the latest developments in cybersecurity, including potential threats and innovative risk management techniques. The Chief Information Officer implements and oversees processes for the regular monitoring of our information systems. This includes the deployment of industry-standard security measures and regular system audits to identify potential vulnerabilities. In the event of a cybersecurity incident, the Chief Information Officer will implement an incident response plan. This plan includes immediate actions to mitigate the impact and long-term strategies for remediation and prevention of future incidents.


text: Management and Strategy We have developed and maintain a cybersecurity risk management methodology intended to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our critical systems and information.

companyName: RemSleep Holdings Inc.

ticker: RMSL


text: Our cybersecurity risk management methodology is integrated into our overall enterprise risk management, and shares common methodologies, reporting channels and governance processes that apply across the Company to other legal, compliance, strategic, operational, and financial risk areas. As part of our overall risk management processes and procedures, we have instituted a cybersecurity awareness designed to identify, assess and manage material risks from cybersecurity threats. The cyber risk management methodology involves risk assessments, implementation of security measures and ongoing monitoring of systems and networks, including networks on which we rely. Through our cybersecurity awareness, the current threat landscape is actively monitored in an effort to identify material risks arising from new and evolving cybersecurity threats. We may engage external experts, including cybersecurity assessors, consultants and auditors to evaluate cybersecurity measures and risk management processes as needed. We also depend on and engage various third parties, including suppliers, vendors and service providers in connection with our operations. Our risk management, legal, and compliance personnel oversee and identify, including through a third-party cybersecurity service provider, material risks from cybersecurity threats associated with our use of such entities.


text: We have not identified risks from known cybersecurity threats, including as a result of any prior cybersecurity incidents, that have materially affected us, including our operations, business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. We face risks from cybersecurity threats that, if realized, are reasonably likely to materially affect us, including our operations, business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition.


text: Our Board of Directors oversees our risk management, including our information technology and cybersecurity policies, procedures, and risk assessments. Management reports to our Board of Directors on information security matters as necessary, regarding any significant cybersecurity incidents, as well as any incidents with lesser impact potential.


text: One of the key functions of our Board of Directors is informed oversight of our various processes for managing risk. An overall review of risk is inherent in our Board of Directors ongoing consideration of our long-term strategies, transactions and other matters presented to and discussed by the Board of Directors. This includes a discussion of the likelihood and potential magnitude of various risk.


text: At this time, the Company does not have formal processes in place for assessing, identifying, and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats. Our approach to cybersecurity is currently informal and primarily reactive, involving basic security measures such as: Basic Security Software: We use standard antivirus and anti-malware software for protection against common threats. Password Policies: Simple password policies are in place to protect access to our systems.

companyName: T3 Defense Inc.

ticker: DFNS


text: However, we recognize the importance of cybersecurity and are in the process of developing more robust strategies. We plan to: Develop a Cybersecurity Framework: Establish a formal risk assessment process to identify vulnerabilities. Engage Cybersecurity Expertise: Consider hiring or consulting with cybersecurity professionals to guide our strategy. Implement Training: Begin employee training on cybersecurity awareness to prevent common threats like phishing.


text: We acknowledge that the absence of comprehensive cybersecurity processes could potentially expose the company to risks, which might materially affect our operations, financial condition, or strategic decisions in the future. We are committed to improving our cybersecurity posture as our resources allow.


text: Currently, our sole director does not have a formal structure for overseeing cybersecurity risks. We plan to review this oversight in the near future to ensure appropriate governance is established.


text: Management's Role: Day-to-day management of cybersecurity is handled by our IT staff, who do not have specialized training in cybersecurity. We are considering enhancing this role or outsourcing to professionals with specific cybersecurity expertise.


text: Our current management and Board do not have in-depth cybersecurity expertise. We are considering educational opportunities or consulting to address this gap.


text: Material Effect from Cybersecurity Threats To date, no known cybersecurity incidents have materially affected our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. However, due to our limited cybersecurity measures, we acknowledge that our company could be at higher risk of material impact from cybersecurity threats. We are actively working to mitigate these risks.


text: In the normal course of business, we may collect and store personal information and other sensitive information, including proprietary and confidential business information, trade secrets, intellectual property, patient information, sensitive third-party information and employee information. To protect this information, our existing cybersecurity policies require continuous monitoring and detection programs, network security precautions, encryption of critical data and in-depth security assessments of vendors. We maintain various protections designed to safeguard against cyberattacks, including firewalls and virus detection software. We have established and regularly test our disaster recovery plan, and we protect against business interruption by backing up our major systems. In addition, we periodically scan our environment for any vulnerabilities, perform penetration testing and engage third parties to assess the effectiveness of our data security practices. Our information technology (" IT ") team is responsible for these ongoing monitoring and detection activities.

companyName: SS Innovations International, Inc.

ticker: SSII


text: Our cybersecurity program is primarily overseen by our Head-Server and Network Administrator, who works closely with our information technology team and our senior management to develop and advance our cybersecurity strategy, as well as to respond to cybersecurity incidents. Our Head-Server and Network Administrator reports to our Chief Operating Officer on cybersecurity matters and collaborates with stakeholders to assess risks and implement strategies.


text: The governance of our cybersecurity risks involves active and informed participation from our management team, our IT team and our board of directors. This oversight includes briefings by our IT team on the nature of the risks we face and the steps we are taking to mitigate these risks, as well as immediately reporting any significant cybersecurity incident that occurs to management and the board of directors.


text: We have engaged a specialized consulting firm from India to enhance and develop the cybersecurity framework for our products with the aim of protecting sensitive patient data and proprietary device information from cyber threats and ensuring compliance with the latest cybersecurity standards including, HIPPA, FDA regulations, IEC 62443, and NIST guidelines for medical devices.


text: We have not experienced a cybersecurity incident that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect us, including our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. We continue to monitor potential cybersecurity threats and incorporate findings into our risk management strategies.


text: The Company has a cybersecurity strategy designed to protect our information systems and data from an evolving cyber-threat landscape. Our cybersecurity program, administered by our Chief Financial Officer and overseen by the Audit Committee, has the support of executive leadership and the Board of Directors, and the Company continues to invest in cybersecurity to protect the Company's systems.

companyName: ADAPTIN BIO, INC.


text: Our cybersecurity program focuses on all areas of our business, including cloud-based environments, devices used by employees and contractors, facilities, networks, applications, vendors, disaster recovery, business continuity and controls and safeguards enabled through business processes and tools. We continuously monitor for threats and unauthorized access. We learn of security threats through automated detection solutions as well as reports from users and business partners. We draw on the knowledge and insight of external cybersecurity experts and vendors and employ an array of third-party tools to secure our information infrastructure and protect systems and information from unauthorized access.


text: As of the date of this Report, we have not encountered any risks from cybersecurity threats that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company, including its business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition.


text: We maintain a comprehensive process for identifying, assessing, and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats (as such term is defined in Item 106(a) of Regulation S-K) as part of our broader risk management system and processes. The cybersecurity risk management system involves risk assessments, implementation of security measures, and ongoing monitoring of systems and networks, including networks on which we rely. We actively monitor the current threat landscape in an effort to identify material risks arising from new and evolving cybersecurity threats. We obtain input, as appropriate, for our cybersecurity risk management program on the security industry and threat trends from consultants, cybersecurity assessors, auditors and other third parties to gather certain insights designed to identify and assess material cybersecurity threat risks, their severity and potential mitigations. We depend on and engage various third parties, including suppliers, vendors, and service providers. Our risk management, legal, information technology, and compliance personnel identify and oversee risks from cybersecurity threats associated with our use of such entities. Any incident assessed as potentially being or potentially becoming material is immediately escalated for further assessment, and then reported to Mr. Blattner, our designated member of our Board of Directors.

companyName: Dominari Holdings Inc.

ticker: DOMH


text: Mr. Blattner has oversight responsibility for risks and incidents relating to cybersecurity threats, including compliance with disclosure requirements, cooperation with law enforcement, and related effects on financial and other risks, and report any findings and recommendations, as appropriate, to the full Board of Directors for consideration. Senior management regularly discusses cyber risks and trends and, should they arise, any material incidents with the designated member of the Board of Directors.


text: Our business strategy, results of operations and financial condition have not been materially affected by risks from cybersecurity threats, but we cannot provide assurance that they will not be materially affected in the future by such risks or any future material incidents. Further, a cyber incident impacting our systems or a third-party's systems could subject us to business, regulatory, litigation and reputational risk, which could have a negative effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. For more information on our cybersecurity related risks, see Item 1A Risk Factors of this Annual Report.


text: We regularly review our cybersecurity defenses to assess our vulnerability to cybersecurity attacks from viruses, malware and more sophisticated and targeted cyber-related attacks such as hackers looking to demand ransomware or access our systems to obtain information and data, as well as our vulnerability to cybersecurity failures resulting from human error and technological errors. We rely upon internal information technology ("IT") personnel working in conjunction with specialized outside security consultants on a day-to-day basis to conduct reviews and upgrade our systems when determined to be necessary.

companyName: AIR INDUSTRIES GROUP

ticker: AIRI


text: Our overall strategy in combatting cybersecurity risks includes a variety of measures, including: use of antivirus software, virtual private networks, email security, as well as other software and system-wide measures such as multi-factor of updates and patches as they become available from our software suppliers and consultants and maintaining the current versions of major software to reduce the exposure to vulnerabilities;


text: use of third-party services to conduct mandatory online training for all employees regarding identifying and avoiding cyber-security the review of the security procedures used by third parties that may host or otherwise have access to our systems;


text: deployment of third-party cybersecurity experts to perform penetration testing on our internal and external networks and systems in an of the cybersecurity risks posed by interacting with current and potential third-party service providers, suppliers and customers.


text: We are not aware of any vulnerability inherent in our systems or malware embedded in our systems that are likely to would materially affect, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our operations. The Company is in the process of implementing additional training and is in the process of engaging third parties to perform various testing as indicated above.


text: Day-to day management of cybersecurity threats is conducted by our IT department in conjunction with outside service providers, which is charged with identifying and reporting threats to senior management. On a quarterly basis, cybersecurity is reviewed by our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, who are expected to report to the Audit Committee.


text: The Audit Committee of our Board of Directors, which is composed of all non-employee directors, is responsible for oversight of our efforts to eliminate cybersecurity risks. The Audit Committee meets regularly with our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer and, in turn, reports its finding to the Board of Directors.


text: We have processes for assessing, identifying, and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats. These processes are integrated into our overall risk management systems, as overseen by our Board, primarily through its Audit Committee. These processes also include overseeing and identifying risks from cybersecurity threats associated with the use of third-party service providers. We conduct risk assessments of certain third-party providers before engagement and have established monitoring procedures in an effort to assess and mitigate potential data security exposures originating from third parties. We from time to time engages third-party consultants, legal advisors, and audit firms in evaluating and testing our risk management systems and assessing and remediating certain potential cybersecurity incidents as appropriate.

companyName: OLB GROUP, INC.

ticker: OLB


text: Board of Directors The Audit Committee of our Board oversees, among other things, the adequacy and effectiveness of our internal controls, including internal controls designed to assess, identify, and manage material risks from cybersecurity threats. The Audit Committee is informed of material risks from cybersecurity threats pursuant to the escalation criteria as set forth in our disclosure controls and procedures. Further, our management team reports on cybersecurity matters, including material risks and threats, to the Audit Committee. Our management team also provides updates annually or more frequently as appropriate to the full Board.


text: Under the oversight of the Audit Committee, and as directed by our Chief Executive Officer, the Company's Systems Application Manager, is primarily responsible for the assessment and management of material cybersecurity risks and the Company's annual security audits to meet the payment industry expectations.


text: Our management team holds a regular cybersecurity and business continuity reviews to evaluate data security exposures, control effectiveness and necessary remediation actions. The Systems Application Manager is also supported by a third-party information technology consulting services provider who helps oversee our information technology systems and provides cross-functional support for cybersecurity risk management and facilitates the response to any cybersecurity incidents.


text: Our Systems Application Manager oversees our cybersecurity incident response plan and related processes that are designed to assess and manage material risks from cybersecurity threats. Our Systems Application Manager also coordinates with our legal counsel and third parties, such as consultants and legal advisors, to assess and manage material risks from cybersecurity threats. Our management team is informed about the effectiveness of the prevention, detection, mitigation, and remediation of cybersecurity incidents pursuant to criteria set forth in our incident response plan and related processes.


text: Our Audit Committee is responsible for overseeing the establishment and effectiveness of controls and other procedures, including controls and procedures related to the public disclosure of material cybersecurity matters. Our Systems Application Manager, or a delegate, informs the Chief Executive Officer of certain cybersecurity incidents that may potentially be determined to be material pursuant to escalation criteria set forth in our incident response plan and related processes. The CEO also notifies the audit committee chair of any material cybersecurity incidents.


text: As of the date of this Report, we are not aware of any cybersecurity incidents that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company, including its business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition and that are required to be reported in this Report. For further discussion of the risks associated with cybersecurity incidents, see the cybersecurity risk factor included in the section entitled "Item 1A. Risk Factors" in this Report.


text: We are in the process of developing a cybersecurity risk management program, consisting of cybersecurity policies, procedures, compliance and awareness programs to mitigate risk and to ensure compliance with security, availability and confidentiality trust principles. Following the completion of the development of our cybersecurity risk management program, the cybersecurity process will be integrated into our overall risk management system and process, and, initially, will be solely internally managed. Management is responsible for identifying risks that threaten achievement of the control activities stated in the management's description of the services organizations systems.

companyName: Charging Robotics Inc.

ticker: CHEV


text: Management has started to implement a process for identifying relevant risks that could affect the organization's ability to provide secure and reliable service to its users. The risk assessment will occur annually, or as business needs change, and covers identification of risks that could act against the company's objectives as well as specific risks related to a compromise to the security of data.


text: Most of the information generated and collected by us is stored and maintained by third-party vendors and service providers. We believe that each of these providers has its own cybersecurity protocols to which our management believes to be adequate for protecting our files in their possession. For more information about these risks, please see "Item 1.A – Risk Factors – Risks Related to Our Business and Industry – Significant disruptions of our information technology systems or breaches of our data security could adversely affect our business." in this annual report.


text: Our Board of Directors considers cybersecurity risk as part of its risk oversight function and oversees cybersecurity risk strategy and governance and other information technology risks. Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer are responsible for assessing and managing cybersecurity risk, and providing briefings regarding the assessment and management of such risk to the Board of Directors. Although our senior management do not have direct cybersecurity expertise obtained through certifications, their experience managing the Company, which includes consulting and coordinating as necessary with a third party information technology expert referred to below, enables them to effectively assess and manage material risks from cybersecurity threats.


text: The Company retained an information technology expert third party company to assist in managing relevant risks. In particular, the Company outsources its information technology function and monitoring to a third party provider whereby it benefits from a professionally managed network monitoring, management, maintenance, detection and response system and a 24/7 security operations center with both onsite and remote support services. Any cybersecurity incident would be reported to the Company promptly by our third party consultant and material and potentially material incidents would be assessed by management and the Board of Directors for remediation and future prevention and detection.


text: The Company, at least annually, updates its policies or procedures that could help mitigate cybersecurity risks. Notwithstanding the extensive approach we take to cybersecurity, we may not be successful in preventing or mitigating a cybersecurity incident that could have a material adverse effect on us. The Company has incorporated cybersecurity coverage in its insurance policies; however, there is no assurance that the insurance the Company maintains will cover all cybersecurity breaches or that policy limits will be sufficient to cover all related losses.


text: As of the date of this report, we are not aware of any material risks from cybersecurity threats that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect us, including our business strategy, results of operations or financial condition.


text: We face various cyber risks, including, but not limited to, risks related to unauthorized access, misuse, data theft, computer viruses, system disruptions, ransomware, malicious software and other intrusions. We utilize a multilayered, proactive approach, as part of our overall risk mitigation strategy, to identify, evaluate, mitigate and prevent potential cyber and information security threats through our cybersecurity risk management efforts. We have an IT manager who is responsible for the identification, evaluation, and management of cybersecurity risks and controls. Our IT manager has related experience including: (i) network architecture design and planning: working on overall design and planning of network architecture, selection of related equipment and software, and its implementation; (ii) information security architecture design and planning: assisting the development of information security strategy, technical architecture and management system plan, design, and implementation; (iii)

companyName: Future FinTech Group Inc.

ticker: FTFT


text: daily maintenance, emergency response support, maintenance report preparation, major IT project support, etc. and (iv) provide support for the operation and maintenance of various IT infrastructure, and ensure the stability of the company's IT infrastructure. To oversee and identify risks from cybersecurity threats associated with our use of third-party service providers, we maintain third-party risk management efforts designed to help protect against the misuse of information technology and security breaches, including requirements in the agreements with such third parties.


text: We have not, to date, identified any cybersecurity threats that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our business strategy, results of our operations, or financial condition.


text: Management is responsible for the cybersecurity risk management program as well as actions to identify, assess, mitigate, and remediate material issues. The Company's cybersecurity risk management program is supervised by our IT manager, who reports directly to the Company's Chief Executive Officer. The IT manager and his team are responsible for leading cybersecurity strategy, policy, standards, architecture and processes.


text: The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors is charged with oversight of cybersecurity matters and receives reports from the IT manager and Chief Executive Officer on, among other things, the Company's cyber risks and threats, the status of projects to strengthen the Company's information security systems, and the emerging threat landscape. In accordance with our Cyber Incident Response Plan, the Audit Committee will be promptly informed by management of cybersecurity incidents with the potential to materially adversely affect the Company or its information systems and is regularly updated about incidents with lesser impact potential. At least annually, the Board reviews and discusses the Company's technology strategy in combination with the Company's strategic objectives with executive management.


text: In an effort to detect and defend against cyber threats, the Company plans to provide its employees with various cybersecurity and data protection training programs which will cover timely and relevant topics, including social engineering, phishing, password protection, confidential data protection, asset use and mobile security, and educate employees on the importance of reporting all incidents promptly.


text: We plan to establish an appropriate confidentiality framework and adhere to relevant document management regulations. The Company and its employees are also required to sign confidentiality agreements for purposes including ensuring cybersecurity. As of the date of this report, we are not aware of any material risks from cybersecurity threats, that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company, including our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition.

companyName: ABVC BIOPHARMA, INC.

ticker: ABVC


text: We have implemented risk management procedures, which include cybersecurity risk management, that are designed to define our corporate risk tolerance and align assumed risks to that tolerance through risk identification, prioritization, assessment, mitigation and planned responses if risk is realized. These elements are applied to cybersecurity as well as other origins of risk.

companyName: CERO THERAPEUTICS HOLDINGS, INC.

ticker: CERO


text: of assets at risk from cybersecurity threats of potential sources of cybersecurity threats of the status of protections in place to prevent or mitigate cybersecurity threats that landscape, how to manage cybersecurity risks


text: Our risk assessment and mitigation procedures are centered on three key components: identification of risks, which involved input from different groups across our company;


text: of the likelihood of the risks manifesting, the severity of the potential consequences and prioritization of different risk items based on, among other things, importance to the business and cost/benefit analysis to fully address; and execution - establishment of a program to address.


text: Our information technology (the "Information Technology Team") is responsible for monitoring our information systems for vulnerabilities and mitigating any issues. It works with others within our company to understand the severity of the potential consequences of a cybersecurity incident and to make decisions about how to prioritize mitigation and other initiatives based on, among other things, materiality to the business.


text: The Information Technology Team has processes designed to keep us apprised of the different threats in the cybersecurity landscape - this includes working with consultants, discussions with peers at other companies, and reviewing government alerts and other news items. The team also regularly monitors our network(s) to identify security risks.


text: We have an employee education program that is designed to raise awareness of cybersecurity threats to reduce our vulnerability as well as to encourage consideration of cybersecurity risks across functions.


text: We monitor risks through active (e.g., vulnerability scans) and passive (e.g., end-point protection) methods and addresses system alerts on a constant basis.


text: As part of the assessment of the protections we have in place to mitigate risks from cybersecurity threats, we engage third parties to conduct risk assessments on our systems.


text: Before purchasing third-party technology or other solutions that involve exposure to our assets and electronic information, our Information Technology Team performs a review on vendors (evaluating suitability, risk, and impact) before they are approved to work with us.


text: We have not identified any cybersecurity incidents or threats that have materially affected us or are reasonably likely to materially affect us, including our business strategy, results of operations or financial condition; however, like other companies in our industry, we and our third-party vendors have, from time to time, experienced threats and security incidents relating to our and our third-party vendors' information systems.


text: Our board of directors has delegated oversight of our enterprise risk management processes, including those relating to cybersecurity risks, to the Audit Committee.


text: Our Chief Financial Officer meets on a periodic basis with the Audit Committee to discuss management's ongoing cybersecurity risk management procedures. Such discussions address, among other things, the sources and nature of cyber-security risks we face, how management assesses likelihood and severity of the impact of such risks, and progress on any active projects as well any current developments in the cybersecurity landscape. At the Audit Committee's discretion, material findings may be escalated to the entire board of directors.


text: The chair of the Audit Committee is a Chief Financial Officer with existing cyber-security and risk management responsibilities at a similar public company.


text: The Company recognizes the critical importance of developing, implementing, and maintaining robust cybersecurity measures to safeguard our information systems and protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our data. Therefore, we have established a cybersecurity and risk management framework, which includes regular cybersecurity risk assessments to identify and evaluate potential cyber-attack threats and information security weakness that may affect our business. The data we collect during our operations primarily includes publicly available operational information from port websites. Additionally, we utilize a third-party software vendor to handle any personally identifiable information directly uploaded by truck drivers via a secure portal. We implement two-factor authentication for accessing emails and software, and enforce user role-based security with periodic password updates and login activity tracking. We plan to implement additional preventive measures, including firewalls, cyber-attack detection systems, and data encryption, to safeguard confidential information and data. We will regularly conduct cybersecurity awareness training for employees to enhance their awareness of potential cybersecurity threats and ensure they take appropriate preventive measures.

companyName: Toppoint Holdings Inc.

ticker: TOPP


text: We have not identified risks from known cybersecurity threats, or experienced any prior cybersecurity incidents, that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect us, including our operations, business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. In the event of any significant cybersecurity incidents, we will publicly disclose the nature, scope, and impact of the incident, as well as the remediation measures we implement. of directors oversees the management of risks associated with cybersecurity threats.


text: The Company's Chief Financial Officer is primarily responsible for assessing, monitoring and managing our cybersecurity risks. Management must ensure that all industry standard cybersecurity measures are functioning as required to prevent or detect cybersecurity threats and related risks. Management oversees and tests our compliance with standards, remediates known risks, and leads our employee training program.


text: The Company's management is continually informed about the latest developments in cybersecurity, including potential threats and innovative risk management techniques. Management implements and oversees processes for the regular monitoring of our information systems. This includes the deployment of industry-standard security measures and regular system audits to identify potential vulnerabilities. In the event of a cybersecurity incident, management will implement the cybersecurity crisis management plan.


text: to Board of Directors Significant cybersecurity matters, and strategic risk management decisions, will be escalated to the board of directors.


text: We are a special purpose acquisition company with no business operations. Since our initial public offering, our sole business activity has been identifying and evaluation suitable targets for an initial business combination. Therefore, we do not consider that we face significant cybersecurity risk and have not adopted any cybersecurity risk management program or formal processes for assessing, identifying, and managing material risks from cybersecurity threats.

companyName: Slam Corp.

ticker: SLAMF


text: Our board of directors is ultimately responsible for overseeing the our risk management activities in general and, as deemed necessary by our management team, will be informed of any cybersecurity threats or risks that may arise. In fiscal year 2024, we did not identify any risks from cybersecurity threats that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect us, including our business strategy and results of operations.


text: We are a special purpose acquisition company with no business operations. Since our IPO, our sole business activity has been identifying and evaluating suitable acquisition transaction candidates. Therefore, we do not consider that we face significant cybersecurity risk.

companyName: Aimfinity Investment Corp. I

ticker: AIMTF


text: We have not adopted any cybersecurity risk management program or formal processes for assessing cybersecurity risk. Our management is generally responsible for assessing and managing any cybersecurity threats. If and when any reportable cybersecurity incident arises, our management shall promptly report such matters to our board of directors for further actions, including regarding the appropriate disclosure, mitigation, or other response or actions that the board deems appropriate to take. As of the date of this report, we have not encountered any cybersecurity incidents since our IPO.


text: Cyber Risk Management and Strategy As a part of the overall risk management system for the Company, we employ processes to assess, identify and manage material risks from cybersecurity threats. These items are designed to help protect our information assets from internal and external threats and protect the integrity and confidentiality of our data.

companyName: Lomond Therapeutics Holdings, Inc.


text: Our system includes procedural and technical safeguards, response plans, and reviews of our policies. We engage various external entities, including consultants, to improve and enhance our cybersecurity oversight. We provide all employees and consultants with cybersecurity and prevention training including timely and relevant topics covering social engineering, phishing, mobile security, and data protection and the need for reporting incidents and suspicious events immediately.


text: Our senior management team conducts the regular assessment and management of material risks from cybersecurity threats, including review with our IT team and third-party service providers, while our board of directors has responsibility for the strategic oversight of risk management, including oversight of material risks associated with cybersecurity threats.


text: Assessment of Cybersecurity Risk The potential impact of risks from cybersecurity threats are assessed on an ongoing basis, and how such risks could materially affect the Company's business strategy, operational results, and financial condition are evaluated. Despite these efforts, the development and maintenance of these systems, controls and processes is costly and requires ongoing monitoring and updating as technologies change, and efforts to overcome security measures become increasingly sophisticated. We cannot eliminate all cybersecurity risks or provide assurance that we have not had occurrences of undetected cybersecurity incidents. During the reporting period covered by this Annual Report, the Company did not identify any risks from cybersecurity threats that the Company believes materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company, including its business strategy, operational results, and financial condition.


text: We acknowledge the increasing importance of cybersecurity in today's digital and interconnected world. Cybersecurity threats pose significant risks to the integrity of our systems and data, potentially impacting our business operations, financial condition and reputation.

companyName: Western Uranium & Vanadium Corp.

ticker: WSTRF


text: As a smaller reporting company, we currently do not have formalized cybersecurity measures, a dedicated cybersecurity team or specific protocols in place to manage cybersecurity risks. Our approach to cybersecurity is in the developmental stage, and we have not yet conducted comprehensive risk assessments, established an incident response plan or engaged with external cybersecurity consultants for assessments or services.


text: We have not experienced any significant cybersecurity incidents to date. However, we recognize that the absence of a formalized cybersecurity framework may leave us vulnerable to cyberattacks, data breaches and other cybersecurity incidents. Such events could potentially lead to unauthorized access to, or disclosure of, sensitive information, disrupt our business operations, result in regulatory fines or litigation costs and negatively impact our reputation among investors, shareholders, customers and partners.


text: We are in the process of evaluating our cybersecurity needs and developing appropriate measures to enhance our cybersecurity posture. This includes considering the engagement of external cybersecurity experts to advise on best practices, conducting vulnerability assessments and developing an incident response strategy. Our goal is to establish a cybersecurity framework that is commensurate with our size, complexity and the nature of our operations, thereby reducing our exposure to cybersecurity risks.


text: In addition, our Board of Directors (the "Board") will oversee any cybersecurity risk management framework and a dedicated committee of the Board or an officer appointed by the Board will review and approve any cybersecurity policies, strategies and risk management practices.


text: Despite our efforts to improve our cybersecurity measures, there can be no assurance that our initiatives will fully mitigate the risks posed by cyber threats.


text: The landscape of cybersecurity risks is constantly evolving, and we will continue to assess and update our cybersecurity measures in response to emerging threats.


text: For a discussion of potential cybersecurity risks affecting us, please refer to the "Risk Factors" section of this Annual Report.


text: We are a blank check company with no business operations. Since our IPO, our sole business activity has been identifying and evaluating suitable target businesses for an initial business combination. Therefore, we do not believe that we face significant cybersecurity risks and have not adopted any cybersecurity risk management programs or formal processes for assessing cybersecurity risk. Our board of directors is generally responsible for the oversight of risks from cybersecurity threats, if any. In fiscal year 2023, we did not identify any cybersecurity threats that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition.

companyName: Relativity Acquisition Corp

ticker: ACQC


text: Once we are operational and have available funding, we will be committed to maintaining the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of our information systems and data. As part of this commitment, we plan to implement a comprehensive cybersecurity program to protect against unauthorized access, use, disclosure, modification, or destruction of our information assets.


text: The Company acknowledges the increasing importance of cybersecurity in today's digital and interconnected world. Cybersecurity threats pose significant risks to the integrity of our systems and data, potentially impacting our business operations, financial condition, and reputation.

companyName: La Rosa Holdings Corp.

ticker: LRHC


text: We routinely assess material cybersecurity risks, including potential unauthorized occurrences on, or conducted through, our information systems that may compromise the confidentiality, integrity or availability of those systems or information maintained in them. Our Chief Technology Officer, reporting to the Chief Executive Officer, is primarily responsible for addressing these risks. We devote appropriate resources and designate members of our management to address the risk assessment and mitigation process.


text: As a smaller reporting company, we are proactively leveraging AI and other resources to enhance our cybersecurity measures. While we do not yet have a dedicated cybersecurity team or fully formalized protocols, we are actively developing new practices, incorporating advanced technologies to identify and mitigate risks. Our efforts include ongoing assessments and the exploration of strategic partnerships to strengthen our security posture.


text: Given our current stage of cybersecurity development, we have not experienced any cybersecurity incidents to date. However, we recognize that the absence of a formalized cybersecurity framework may leave us vulnerable to cyberattacks, data breaches, and other cybersecurity incidents. Such events could potentially lead to unauthorized access to, or disclosure of, sensitive information, disrupt our business operations, result in regulatory fines or litigation costs, and negatively impact our reputation among customers and partners.


text: The Company is in the process of evaluating our cybersecurity needs and developing appropriate measures to enhance our cybersecurity posture. This includes considering the engagement of external cybersecurity experts to advise on best practices, conducting vulnerability assessments, and developing an incident response strategy. Our goal is to establish a cybersecurity framework that is commensurate with our size, complexity, and the nature of our operations, thereby reducing our exposure to cybersecurity risks.


text: We also have a cybersecurity insurance policy in place and fully utilize its tools, guidance, and policies to ensure compliance and enhance our overall security posture.


text: This coverage supports our risk management efforts by providing additional resources and expertise to help us identify, mitigate, and respond to potential threats effectively.


text: Despite our efforts to improve our cybersecurity measures, there can be no assurance that our initiatives will fully mitigate the risks posed by cyber threats. The landscape of cybersecurity risks is constantly evolving, and the Company will continue to assess and update our cybersecurity measures in response to emerging threats.


text: For a discussion of potential cybersecurity risks affecting the Company, please refer to Part I, Item 1A - "Risk Factors".


text: We manage cybersecurity and data protection through a continuously evolving framework, as described in further detail below. The framework allows us to identify, assess and mitigate the risks we face, and assists us in establishing policies and safeguards to protect our systems and the information of those we serve.

companyName: VEEA INC.

ticker: VEEA


text: Our Audit Committee of our Board of Directors has oversight of our cybersecurity program and is in the process of implementing procedures to obtain regular updates on our cybersecurity program, including recent developments, key initiatives to strengthen our systems, applicable industry standards, vulnerability assessments, third-party and independent reviews, and other information security considerations. Our cybersecurity program is led by Mohan Gundu, our Senior Vice President of Engineering and Cloud Platform. Mr. Gundu holds an MBA in Business Administration from Babson College, a Master of Science in Computer Science from Worcester Polytechnic Institute and a Bachelor of Technology in Electronics and Communication from Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University. Mr. Gundu has over 20 years of development experience focused on architecture and security. Mr. Gundu has led transformative projects, cultivated cybersecurity awareness and promoted holistic cybersecurity practices that were aligned with policies defined and approved by management. Mr. Gundu and his team are dedicated to integrating security into development, ensuring robust cloud security, enforcing security policies, and driving shift-left practices with operational excellence at the Company.


text: We use a cross-functional approach to identifying, preventing, assessing, and mitigating cybersecurity threats and incidents, while also implementing controls and procedures that are designed to provide for the prompt escalation of cybersecurity incidents and support appropriate public disclosure and reporting of incidents as required in a timely manner.


text: Our cybersecurity efforts include the use of risk-based administrative, technical, and physical controls. Veea has implemented policies, procedures, systems and tools designed to help safeguard our systems and data, including firewalls, intrusion detection systems, access controls including multi-factor authentication, vulnerability scanning, penetration testing, independent third-party control audits, and other systems and processes.


text: Response Planning: We maintain a breach reporting and resolution plan that includes defined processes, roles, communications, responsibilities and procedures for responding to cybersecurity incidents and other events that impact our operations. Our incident response plans are tested and evaluated on a regular basis.


text: Our business relies on various services from third party service providers that could adversely impact the security of our systems and business. We have implemented processes designed to identify and assess cybersecurity risks associated with our use of third-party service providers.


text: We provide various training programs and tools to employees so they can avoid risky practices and help us promptly identify potential or actual issues. We also have global incident response procedures, global service tools to log incidents and issues for investigation, and an ethics line to report concerns and follow up on matters already reported. The Compliance team, led by our Chief Technology Officer, develops and implements our strategy, as well regularly review and update our policies, procedures, processes and practices to address changes in the threat landscape and as a result of lessons learned from suspected, actual or simulated incidents. We also conduct tabletop exercises and engage third party services to conduct evaluations of our security controls through penetration testing and independent audits. We also review industry best practices to assist in evaluating responses to new challenges and risks. These evaluations include testing both the design and operational effectiveness of security controls.


text: While we dedicate resources and efforts to our cybersecurity program, we may be unable to successfully identify threats, prevent attacks, satisfactorily resolve cybersecurity incidents, or implement adequate mitigating controls. Any breach of our network security and information systems or other cybersecurity-related incidents that results in, or may result in, the loss, theft or unauthorized disclosure of data, or any delay in determining the full extent of a potential breach, could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, and financial condition, including harm to our reputation and brand, reduced demand for our solutions, time-consuming and expensive litigation, fines, penalties, and other damages. To date and except as otherwise may be noted in this Annual Report, we do not believe that any cybersecurity threats, including as a result of any previous cybersecurity incidents have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company, including its business strategy, results of operations or financial condition. For more information relating to cybersecurity risks and uncertainties, please see the risk factor entitled "Cybersecurity incidents may have a material adverse effect on Veea's business, operations, financial performance, customer and vendor relationships, reputation and brand." in Part I, Item 1A, and other risk factors in this 10-K.


text: Cybersecurity risk management is part of the Company's overall risk management. Our cybersecurity risk management is designed to provide a framework for handling cybersecurity threats and incidents, including threats and incidents associated with the use of services provided by third-party service providers. We rely on the cybersecurity protections of many of our third party service providers. Our primary third party service providers, utilize two (2) factor authorization as well as login and password protections with email verifications.

companyName: ECD Automotive Design, Inc.

ticker: ECDA


text: Our Board has overall oversight responsibility for our risk management, including our cybersecurity risk management. Management is responsible for identifying, considering and assessing material cybersecurity risks on an ongoing basis, establishing processes to ensure that such potential cybersecurity risk exposures are monitored. Any significant cybersecurity incidents are reported to the audit committee of the Board, which consists of only independent directors. We have not experienced any cybersecurity incidents in fiscal years 2023 or 2022.


text: Despite our efforts, we cannot eliminate all risks from cybersecurity threats, or provide assurances that we have not experienced an undetected cybersecurity incident.


text: We acknowledge the increasing importance of cybersecurity in today's digital and interconnected world. Cybersecurity threats pose significant risks to the integrity of our systems and data, potentially impacting our business operations, financial condition and reputation.

companyName: Nature's Miracle Holding Inc.

ticker: NMHI


text: As a smaller reporting company, we currently do not have formalized cybersecurity measures, a dedicated cybersecurity team or specific protocols in place to manage cybersecurity risks.


text: Our approach to cybersecurity is in the developmental stage, and we have not yet conducted comprehensive risk assessments, established an incident response plan or engaged with external cybersecurity consultants for assessments or services.


text: Given our current stage of cybersecurity development, we have not experienced any significant cybersecurity incidents to date. However, we recognize that the absence of a formalized cybersecurity framework may leave us vulnerable to cyberattacks, data breaches and other cybersecurity incidents. Such events could potentially lead to unauthorized access to, or disclosure of, sensitive information, disrupt our business operations, result in regulatory fines or litigation costs and negatively impact our reputation among customers and partners.


text: We are in the process of evaluating our cybersecurity needs and developing appropriate measures to enhance our cybersecurity posture. This includes considering the engagement of external cybersecurity experts to advise on best practices, conducting vulnerability assessments and developing an incident response strategy. Our goal is to establish a cybersecurity framework that is commensurate with our size, complexity and the nature of our operations, thereby reducing our exposure to cybersecurity risks.


text: In addition, the Board will oversee any cybersecurity risk management framework and a dedicated committee of the Board, or an officer appointed by the Board will review and approve any cybersecurity policies, strategies and risk management practices.


text: Despite our efforts to improve our cybersecurity measures, there can be no assurance that our initiatives will fully mitigate the risks posed by cyber threats. The landscape of cybersecurity risks is constantly evolving, and we will continue to assess and update our cybersecurity measures in response to emerging threats.


text: In recent years, cyberattacks, including denial-of-service attacks, ransomware attacks, business email compromises, computer malware, viruses, social engineering (including phishing) and other tactics designed to gain access to and exploit sensitive information by breaching mission critical systems of large organizations have increased in volume and sophistication. RWT's information technology systems and automated machinery, which it will rely on to operate its business, could be exposed to such tactics. RWT may also experience unavailable systems, unauthorized access or disclosure due to employee theft or misuse, sophisticated nation-state and nation-state supported actors and advanced persistent threat intrusions.

companyName: Rain Enhancement Technologies Holdco, Inc.

ticker: RAIN


text: RWT may be unable to implement adequate preventative measures or stop security breaches while they are occurring, and attackers may sabotage or to obtain unauthorized access to RWT's systems, networks, or physical facilities. Actual or perceived breaches of RWT's security measures or the accidental loss, inadvertent disclosure or unapproved dissemination of proprietary information or sensitive or confidential data about RWT, its partners, its clients or third parties could expose us and the parties affected to a risk of loss or misuse of this information, resulting in litigation and potential liability, paying damages, regulatory inquiries or actions, damage to the RWT brand and reputation or other harm to the RWT business. Additionally, cyberattacks that impacts RWT's ability to operate its platform could result in production errors, processing inefficiencies and unscheduled downtime/degradation of operations, in turn causing the loss of sales and clients, and decreased revenue and increased overhead costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.


text: Our board of directors has oversight of our strategic and business risk management and oversees management's execution of our cybersecurity risk management program. Management is responsible for identifying, assessing, and managing cybersecurity risks on an ongoing basis, establishing processes to ensure that such potential cybersecurity risk exposures are monitored, putting in place appropriate mitigation measures, maintaining cybersecurity policies and procedures, and providing regular reports to our board of directors. In the event of an incident, we intend to follow our incident response plan, which outlines the steps to be followed from incident detection to mitigation, recovery and notification, including notifying functional areas (e.g. legal), as well as senior leadership and the board, as appropriate.


companyName: EON Resources Inc.

ticker: EONR


text: Our approach to cybersecurity is in the developmental stage, and we have only begun to conduct comprehensive risk assessments, establish an incident response plan, and engage with external cybersecurity consultants for assessments or services. As of the date of this report, we have adopted an incident response plan which governs our assessment and response upon the occurrence of a material cybersecurity incident, including the process for informing senior management and our Board of Directors. Our Vice President of Finance and Administration has been designated as the lead for implanting our incident response plan. In addition, in 2024, we have acquired a cybersecurity insurance policy.


text: In addition, our board of directors will oversee any cybersecurity risk management framework and a dedicated committee of our board of directors will review and approve any cybersecurity policies, strategies and risk management practices.


text: Despite our efforts to improve our cybersecurity measures, there can be no assurance that our initiatives will fully mitigate the risks posed by cyber threats. The landscape of cybersecurity risks is constantly evolving, and we will continue to assess and update our cybersecurity measures in response to emerging threats. For a discussion of potential cybersecurity risks affecting us, please refer to the " Risk Factors " section.


text: We identify and assess material risks from cybersecurity threats to our information systems and the information residing in our information systems by monitoring and evaluating our threat environment on an ongoing basis using various methods including, for example, using manual and automated tools, subscribing to reports and services that identify cybersecurity threats, analyzing reports of threats and threat actors, conducting scans of the threat environment, and conducting risk assessments.

companyName: SOCIETY PASS INCORPORATED.

ticker: SOPA


text: We manage material risks from cybersecurity threats to our information systems and the information residing in our information systems through various processes and procedures, including, depending on the environment, risk assessment, incident detection and response, vulnerability management, disaster recovery and business continuity plans, internal controls within our accounting and financial reporting functions, encryption of data, network security controls, access controls, physical security, asset management, systems monitoring, and employee training. We engage third-party service providers to provide some of the resources used in our information systems and some third-party service providers have access to information residing in our information systems. With respect to such third parties, we seek to engage reliable, reputable service providers that maintain cybersecurity programs. Depending on the nature and extent of the services provided, the sensitivity and quantity of information processed, and the identity of the service provider, our processes may include conducting due diligence on the cybersecurity practices of such provider and contractually imposing cybersecurity related obligations on the provider.


text: We are not aware of any risks from cybersecurity threats, including as a result of any cybersecurity incidents, which have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect SOPA, including our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. Refer to "Part I, Items 1A – Risk Factor Relating to SOPA's business – Our business and operations would suffer in the event of third-party computer system failures, cyber-attacks on third-party systems or deficiency in our cyber security" in this Form 10-K for additional discussion about cybersecurity-related risks.


text: Our Board of Directors holds oversight responsibility over SOPA's risk management and strategy, including material risks related to cybersecurity threats. This oversight is executed directly by our board of directors and through its committees. Our audit committee oversees the management of SOPA's major financial risk exposures, the steps management has taken to monitor and control such exposures, and the process by which risk assessment and management is undertaken and handled, which would include cybersecurity risks, in accordance with its charter. The audit committee holds regular meetings and receives periodic reports from management regarding risk management, including major financial risk exposures from cybersecurity threats or incidents.


text: Within management, the Group Chief Technology Officer of our business units are primarily responsible for assessing and managing our material risks from cybersecurity threats on a day-to-day basis and keep the senior executive officers informed on a regular basis of the identification, assessment, and management of cybersecurity risks and of any cybersecurity incidents. Such management personnel have prior experience and training in managing information systems and cybersecurity matters and participate in ongoing training programs.


text: As of the date hereof, the Company has not encountered cybersecurity incidents that the company believes to have been material to the Company taken as a whole.


text: We are a special purpose acquisition company with no business operations. Since our IPO, our sole business activity has been identifying and evaluating suitable acquisition transaction candidates. Therefore, we do not consider that we face significant cybersecurity risk and have not adopted any cybersecurity risk management program or formal processes for assessing cybersecurity risk. Our board of directors is generally responsible for the oversight of risks from cybersecurity threats, if any. We have not encountered any cybersecurity incidents since our IPO.

companyName: Aquaron Acquisition Corp.

ticker: AQUC


text: Our management oversees the assessment and management of cybersecurity threats and regularly considers cybersecurity risks in the context of other material risks to the Company. In the event of any reportable cybersecurity incident, our management shall promptly notify our board of directors, including determining the necessary actions such as disclosure, mitigation, or other appropriate responses. We obtain input, as appropriate, for our cybersecurity risk management program on the security industry and threat trends from external experts. During the reporting period, we have not experienced any material cybersecurity incidents, which would require disclosure.

companyName: Solidion Technology Inc.

ticker: STI


text: In the course of our business operations, we collect, store, and process data, including information related to our employees, partners, collaborators, and vendors. To effectively manage cybersecurity risks, we have established a range of policies and procedures designed to prevent, detect, and respond to potential threats. Our Chief Executive Officer manages our external IT and cybersecurity experts. Under the CEO's direction, we work with trusted third-party information technology "IT" professionals who employ a variety of software tools to ensure the security of our systems. Additionally, we rely on reputable cybersecurity software vendors to further enhance our protection.


text: The Company takes steps to manage cybersecurity risks by identifying, assessing, and addressing potential threats to our data and systems, ensuring our security measures are effective. We continuously monitor for cybersecurity risks using automated tools, test for potential threats, and maintain standards, policies, and procedures to guide our security practices. We use a variety of security tools across our systems, require multifactor authentication for access to critical systems, and enforce access control policies to help protect the data within those systems.


text: We consult with outside counsel as appropriate, including on materiality analysis and disclosure matters, and our senior management makes the final materiality determinations and disclosure and other compliance decisions. Our management apprises our independent public accounting firm of matters and any relevant developments.


text: Our business strategy, results of operations and financial condition have not been materially affected by risks from cybersecurity threats, but we cannot provide assurance that they will not be materially affected in the future by such risks or any future material incidents. For more information on our cybersecurity related risks, see Item Governance


text: The Audit Committee has oversight responsibility for risks and incidents relating to cybersecurity threats, including compliance with disclosure requirements, cooperation with law enforcement, and related effects on financial and other risks, and it reports any findings and recommendations, as appropriate, to the full Board for consideration.


text: Our comprehensive risk management strategy for the assessment, identification and management of material risks stemming from cybersecurity threats involves a systematic evaluation of potential threats, vulnerabilities, and their potential impacts on our organization's operations, data, and systems.

companyName: VPR Brands, LP.

ticker: VPRB


text: Our cybersecurity risk management program is integrated into our overall enterprise risk management program and shares common methodologies, reporting channels, and governance processes that apply across the enterprise risk management program, including legal, compliance, strategic, operational, and financial risk areas. The cybersecurity risk management program includes: Risk assessments designed to help identify material cybersecurity risks to our critical systems, information, and broader enterprise IT environment;


text: A team principally responsible for managing (i) cybersecurity risk assessment processes, (ii) security controls, and (iii) response to cybersecurity incidents; The use of external service providers, where appropriate, to assess, test or otherwise assist with aspects of security controls; Cybersecurity awareness training for users and senior management, including through the use of third-party providers for regular mandatory training;


text: A cybersecurity incident response plan that includes procedures for responding to cybersecurity incidents; and, A risk management process for third-party service providers, suppliers and vendors, including a rigorous vetting process and ongoing monitoring mechanisms designed to ensure compliance with cybersecurity standards.


text: of any cybersecurity incidents that have had a materially adverse effect on our operations, business, results of operations, or financial condition.